Etheses - Saurashtra University

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15. S;M8L DFU"NlX"SF sD[gI]V,f T{IFZ SZJLPS;M8LGM p5IMU SZGFZG[ 5}Z[5}ZL DFlCTL D/L ZC[ T[ DF8[ S;M8LvDFU"NlX"SF T{IFZSZJL HM.V[P H[DF\ VF 5|DF6[ lJUTM VF5JL HM.V[P‣ S;M8LG]\ GFD VG[ DF5G C[9/GF ,1F6G]\ GFD‣ ;\XMWS4 DFU"NX"S VG[ ;\XMWGv;\:YF V\U[GL DFlCTLP‣ S;M8L ZRGFGF C[T]VM‣ jIF5lJ`Jv5F+ 5|SFZ VG[ S1FF‣ S;M8L ZRGF V\U[GL 8}\SL DFlCTL‣ S;M8LGF 5[8F lJEFUM VG[ S,DMGM 5lZRI‣ lJ`J;GLITF4 5|DF6E}TTF VG[ DFGF\SMGL :YF5GF V\U[GL lJUT‣ 5F+MG[ VF5JFGL ;}RGFVM‣ 5F+MG[ S;M8L VF5JFGL ZLT‣ S;M8L DF8[ ,FUTM ;DI‣ U]6F\SG RFJL‣ S;M8Lv5lZ6FDMG]\ VY"38G SZJFGL ZLT‣ S;M8LGM jIF5 VG[ DIF"NFVM‣ S;M8L ;\RF,G SZTL JBT[ wIFGDF\ ,[JFGL SF/ÒVM2.5 EFZTDF\ YI[, XMW SFI"l;lâ S;M8LGL ZRGF VG[ 5|DF6LSZ6 TYF V[DPV[,PV[,P 1F[+[ YI[,F ;\XMWGGFjIF5lJ`JDF\YL ;\XMWS[ X{1Fl6S lJQFIMGF ;\A\WDF\ YI[,F ;\XMWGMGM ;DL1FFDF\ ;DFJ[X SIM"CTM[P VCL\ H[ lJQFIMGM 5|FYlDS TYF DFwIlDS XF/FDF\ WMZ6v& YL !_ ;]WLGM VeIF;SZJFDF\ VFjIM K[ T[ H lJQFIMGL l;lâ S;M8LGL ZRGF ;\A\lWT YI[,F ;\XMWGMGF ;FZGM V+[;DFJ[X SZJFDF\ VFjIM K[[[P H[DF\ U]HZFTL4 lCgNL4 ;\:S'T4 V\U|[Ò4 Ul6T4 ;FDFlHS lJ7FG VG[VgI lJQFIMDF\ l;lâ S;M8LGL ZRGF ;\A\W[ YI[,F ;\XMWGMGM ;DFJ[X SZJFDF\ VFjIM K[[PVF DF8[ lX1F64 DGMlJ7FG VG[ X{1Fl6S ;\XMWGG[ ,UTF S[8,FS ;FDFlISMGF V\SM4 ;J["VMO V[HI]S[XG, lZ;R"GF U|\YM4 ;\XMWG ;FZ ÝSFlXT SZTF ;FDlISM TYF S[8,FS VÝSFlXT;\XMWG VC[JF,M JU[Z[ GD}GF ÝFl%TGF ;|MT CTFP21
Ý:T]T ;\XMWGGF ;\A\WDF\ ;\A\lWT ;FlCtIGL ;DL1FF DF8[ NZ[S lJQFIDF\ ÝF%T YI[,F;\XMWGGL lJUT ;FZ6L v ZP! DF\ ZH} SZJFDF\ VFJL K[P;FZ6L v ZP!NZ[S lJQFIDF\ XLQF"S 5|F%T YI[,F\ ;\XMWGS|D lJUT ;\bIF1 Ul6T lJQFIGL l;lâ S;M8LGL ZRGF VG[ ÝDF6LSZ6 ;\A\lWT 102 lJ7FG lJQFIGL l;lâ S;M8LGL ZRGF VG[ ÝDF6LSZ6 ;\A\lWT 023 U]HZFTL lJQFIGL l;lâ S;M8LGL ZRGF VG[ ÝDF6LSZ6 ;\A\lWT 034 lCgNL lJQFIGL l;lâ S;M8LGL ZRGF VG[ ÝDF6LSZ6 ;\A\lWT 035 ;\:S'T lJQFIGL l;lâ S;M8LGL ZRGF VG[ ÝDF6LSZ6 ;\A\lWT 026 V\U|Ò lJQFIGL l;lâ S;M8LGL ZRGF VG[ ÝDF6LSZ6 ;\A\lWT 037 ;FDFlHS lJ7FG lJQFIGL l;lâ S;M8LGL ZRGF VG[ ÝDF6LSZ6 ;\A\lWT 028 VgI lJQFIGL l;lâ S;M8LGL ZRGF V\U[ ÝF%T YI[, ;\XMWGMGM ;FZF\X 03S], ;\bIF o 28;FZ6L v ZP!P G]\ VJ,MSG NXF"J[ K[ S[ U]HZFTL lJQFIGL l;lâ S;M8LGL ZRGF ;\A\lWT_#4 lCgNL lJQFIGL l;lâ S;M8LGL ZRGF ;\A\lWT _#4 ;\:S'T lJQFIGL l;lâ S;M8LGL ZRGF;\A\lWT _Z4 TYF V\U|[Ò lJQFIGL l;lâ S;M8LGL ZRGF ;\A\lWT _#4 Ý:T]T ;\XMWG Ul6TlJQFIGL l;lâ S;M8L ;FY[ ;];\A\lWT CMI T[ lJQFIGF ;F{YL JWFZ[ V[8,[ S[ Ul6T lJQFIGL l;lâS;M8LGL ZRGF ;\A\lWT !_4 H[8,F ;\XMWGMGL ;DL1FF4 lJ7FG lJQFIGL l;lâ S;M8LGL ZRGF;\A\lWT _Z4 ;FDFlHS lJ7FG lJQFIGL l;lâ S;M8LGL ZRGF ;\A\lWT _Z4 VG[ VgI lJQFI;\A\lWT _#4 D/L S], Z( VeIF;M 5]ZMUFDL VeIF;MGL ;DL1FFDF\ ;DFJ[X YIM K[P22
Page 1 and 2: Saurashtra UniversityRe - Accredite
Page 3 and 4: STATEMENT UNDER UNIVERSITY Ph.D RUL
Page 5 and 6: k6 :JLSFZ5|:T]T ;\XMWGG[ ;FSFZ SZJF
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Page 9 and 10: vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv
Page 11: ;FZ6L ;}lRS|DlJUT5'Q9S|DF\S!P! VeIF
Page 14 and 15: S|DlJUT5'Q9S|DF\S5PZ 5F+MGF ÝYD 5Z
Page 16 and 17: 5|SZ6 v !;\XMWG ;D:IFGM 5lZRI1.1 5|
Page 18 and 19: GJDF WMZ6GF Ul6TGL l;lâ S;M8LGL ZR
Page 20 and 21: 56 T[ H VF5[ K[P ptS
Page 22 and 23: 2. 5ZT\+ R,:JT\+ R,GM VD, SZJFYL4 T
Page 24 and 25: 5|SZ6v$ DFlCTLG]\ 5'YÞZ6 VG[ VY"38
Page 26 and 27: 2.6.5 ;\:S'T lJQFIGL l;lâ S;M8L ;\
Page 28 and 29: 2.2.1 DFGF\S ;\NE" 5|SFZGL l;lâ S;
Page 30 and 31: 2. Menzal (1952) 2 GF DT D]HA"A sta
Page 32 and 33: 4. S;M8L 5|`GM DF8[ lä5ZLDF6 NX"S
Page 34 and 35: 5|FZ\lES VHDFIXDF\ wIFGDF\ VFJ[,L A
Page 38 and 39: 2.5.1 Ul6T lJQFIGL l;lâ S;M8LGL ZR
Page 40 and 41: ÊD ;\XMWS C[T]VM GD}GM p5SZ6 ;\XMW
Page 46 and 47: 2.5.2 lJ7FG lJQFIGL l;lâ S;M8LGL Z
Page 48 and 49: 2.5.3 U]HZFTL lJQFIGL l;lâ S;M8LGL
Page 54 and 55: 2.5.5 ;\:S'T lJQFIGL l;lâ S;M8LGL
Page 56 and 57: 2.5.6 V\U|[Ò lJQFIGL l;lâ S;M8LGL
Page 58 and 59: 2.5.7 ;FDFlHS lJ7FG lJQFIGL l;lâ S
Page 60 and 61: 2.5.8 l;lâ S;M8LGL ZRGF V\U[ 5|F%T
Page 62 and 63: ;\XMWGGL 5|lJlW VG[ 5âlT5|:T]T ;\X
Page 64 and 65: 5PKhire Usha (1989). Construction o
Page 66 and 67: *P Kumar Anil (1990) Construction a
Page 68 and 69: 2.6.1 Ul6T lJQFI ;\A\lWT 5|F%T YI[,
Page 70 and 71: 2.6.5 ;\:S'T lJQFIGL l;lâ S;M8L ;\
Page 72 and 73: 4. V\lTD S;M8LG]\ :J~54 T[GL S,DM V
Page 74 and 75: 3.1 5|:TFJGF;\XMWG V[8,[ SM. ;D:IFG
Page 76 and 77: ;FZ6L #P! D]HA 5;\N SZ[, GD}GFDF\ X
Page 78 and 79: (A)D},UT ;\XMWGjIF5S l;âF\TM q lGI
Page 80 and 81: 5|FYlDS DFlCTL GM\WJFG]\ lJRFI¥]P
Page 82 and 83: ÊD lGQ6FTG]\ GFD ;}RGM0FP 5LP V[GP
Page 84 and 85: _;F{ 5|YD 5|MU|FD DF8[ NZ[S 5|SZ6GF
Page 86 and 87:
_l;lâ S;M8LGF l5|g8 VFp8 DF8[GF ;M
Page 88 and 89:
;FZ6L v #P5PZ5|SZ6vZ DF\YL C[T] 5|D
Page 90 and 91:
;FZ6L v #P5P$5|SZ6v$ DF\YL C[T] 5|D
Page 92 and 93:
;FZ6L v #P5P&5|SZ6v& DF\YL C[T] 5|D
Page 94 and 95:
;FZ6L v #P5P(5|SZ6v( DF\YL C[T] 5|D
Page 96 and 97:
;FZ6L v #P5P)5|SZ6v) DF\YL C[T] 5|D
Page 98 and 99:
;FZ6L v #P5P!!5|SZ6v!! DF\YL C[T] 5
Page 100 and 101:
;FZ6L v #P5P!#5|SZ6v!# DF\YL C[T] 5
Page 102 and 103:
;FZ6L v #P5P!55|SZ6v!5 DF\YL C[T] 5
Page 104 and 105:
;FZ6L v #P5P!*5|SZ6v!* DF\YL C[T] 5
Page 106 and 107:
;FZ6L v #P5P!(5|SZ6v!( DF\YL C[T] 5
Page 108 and 109:
;FZ6L v #P5PZ_5|SZ6vZ_ DF\YL C[T] 5
Page 110 and 111:
;FZ6L v #P5PZZ5|SZ6vZZ DF\YL C[T] 5
Page 112 and 113:
;FZ6L v #P5PZ$5|SZ6vZ$ DF\YL C[T] 5
Page 114 and 115:
58[, sZ__(f 1 V[ H6FJ[, D]HA TFZJ6L
Page 116 and 117:
(1) jIF5lJ`JGL jIFbIF SZJLP(2) GD}G
Page 118 and 119:
lH
Page 120 and 121:
3.7 V\lTD S;M8LGL VHDFIXGD}GFGL 5;\
Page 122 and 123:
5|SZ6 v $DFlCTLGL ZH}VFT4 5'YÞZ6 V
Page 124 and 125:
;FZ6L v $P!;DU| lJnFYL"VMGF l;lâ S
Page 126 and 127:
;FZ6L v $PZ;DU| S]DFZMGF l;lâ S;M8
Page 128 and 129:
VF,[B v $PZ;FZ6L $PZ VG[ $P#GL DFlC
Page 130 and 131:
;FZ6L v $P5XC[ZL lJ:TFZGF lJnFYL"VM
Page 132 and 133:
;FZ6L v $P&U|FdI lJ:TFZGF S]DFZMGF
Page 134 and 135:
VF,[B v $P$;FZ6L $P& VG[ $P*GL DFlC
Page 136 and 137:
;FZ6L v $P)XC[ZL lJ:TFZGL SgIFVMGF
Page 138 and 139:
;FZ6L v $P!_lGdG ;FDFlHS :TZGF lJnF
Page 140 and 141:
VF,[B v $P&;FZ6L $P!_ VG[ $P!! GL D
Page 142 and 143:
4.3.2 U|FdI lJ:TFZGF lJnFYL"VM VG[
Page 144 and 145:
4.3.4 XC[ZL lJ:TFZGF S]DFZM VG[ XC[
Page 146 and 147:
4.3.6 U|FdI lJ:TFZGL SgIFVM VG[ XC[
Page 148 and 149:
5|SZ6 v 5S;M8LGL lJ`J;GLITF4 IYF"YT
Page 150 and 151:
S;M8L lJ`J;GLITF XMWJFGL lJlJW ZLTM
Page 152 and 153:
5.2.4 S]0Z lZRF0";G 5âlTVF 5âlTYL
Page 154 and 155:
5]Go;FZ6L v 5PZ5F+MGF ÝYD 5ZLÙ6 V
Page 156 and 157:
5.3.2 VW"lJrK[NG 5âlTYL lJ`J;GLITF
Page 158 and 159:
VFD4 VW"lJrK[NG 5âlTYL l;lâDF5G S
Page 160 and 161:
;FZ6L v 5P5Ul6T l;lâDF5G S;M8LGF\
Page 162 and 163:
s&f VFJIlJS 5|DF6E}TTFSM. S;M8L H]N
Page 164 and 165:
5|F%TF\SJU"sJFlQF"S5ZL1FFf3-7;FZ6L
Page 166 and 167:
5.7 DFGF\S 5|:YF5G5F+GF S;M8L 5ZGF
Page 168 and 169:
p5Z NXF"jIF ÝDF6[ ÝtI[S SFRF ÝF%
Page 170 and 171:
;DU| S]DFZM;DU| SgIFVMSFRM5|F%TF\S
Page 172 and 173:
;DU| XC[ZL lJnFYL" ;DU| U|FdI lJnFY
Page 174 and 175:
lGdG ;FDFlHS :TZGFprR ;FDFlHS :TZGF
Page 176 and 177:
5|SZ6 v &VeIF;GF[ ;FZF\X4 TFZ6F[4 E
Page 178 and 179:
6.4 ;\XF[WGGF C[T]VF[5|:T]T ;\XF[WG
Page 180 and 181:
6.6 p5SZ6GL ZRGF5|:T]T ;\XF[WGDF\ ;
Page 182 and 183:
6.6.10 S;F[8LGL IYFY"TF;FZ6L o 6.2U
Page 184 and 185:
• ;\XF[WS[ ;DIDIF"NFG[ wIFGDF\ ZF
Page 186 and 187:
12.90 VG[ SgIFVMG]\ 5|DF6lJR,G 12.9
Page 188 and 189:
6.12 EFlJ ;\XMWG V\U[GL E,FD6M5|:T]
Page 190 and 191:
U]HZFTL 5F9I5]:TSMV\AF;6F4 VlG, 0LP
Page 192 and 193:
Rozario L. (1989) Construction and
Page 194 and 195:
5lZlXQ8v!5|FYlDS VHDFIX l;lâ DF5G
Page 196 and 197:
5|SZ6S|D5lZlXQ8v#5|FYlDS VHDFIX l;l
Page 198 and 199:
5lZlXQ8v55|FYlDS VHDFIX l;lwW DF5G
Page 200 and 201:
(31) A ∪ B = {p, q, r, s, x, y} K
Page 202 and 203:
(70) V[S J:T]GL KF5[,L lS\DT 5Z 20%
Page 204 and 205:
(97) SIF R[SGF\ GF6F\ A[gS R[S ZH}
Page 206 and 207:
(132) SIF ;DLSZ6GM VF,[B X-V1FG[ ,\
Page 208 and 209:
(165) GLR[GFDF\YL SI]\ 5|D[IG]\ V\U
Page 210 and 211:
5lZlXQ8v&5|FYlDS VHDFIX l;lwW DF5G
Page 212 and 213:
(37) ;FT 5|F%TF\SM 5, 2, 8, 5, 9, 8
Page 214 and 215:
2a + 3b(69) Ô[ a : b = 5 : 3 CMI4
Page 216 and 217:
(94) x ∝ y VG[ y ∝ z TM x GM z
Page 218 and 219:
[(122) ∆ ABC VG[ ∆ PQR GL S. ;\
Page 220 and 221:
(153) ∆ DEF VG[ ∆PQRGL ;\UTTF D
Page 222 and 223:
5lZlXQ8v*5|FYlDS VHDFIX l;lwW DF5G
Page 224 and 225:
(30)m PQRS DF\ PQ = 5 VG[ QR + RS +
Page 226 and 227:
(61) ∆ ABC ,3]SM6 l+SM6 K[P T[G]\
Page 228 and 229:
(86) GLR[ NZ[S lJS
Page 230 and 231:
(112) r DF5GL l+ßIFJFF/ JT]"/GL r
Page 232 and 233:
G[(141) V[S l+SM6LI l5ZFlD0GF 5FIFG
Page 234 and 235:
(170) ∆ABC DF\ m ∠ A = 60 VG[ m
Page 236 and 237:
5lZlXQ8v)WMZ6v) o Ul6T5|FYlDS VHDFI
Page 238 and 239:
91 a b c d 121 a b c d 151 a b c d9
Page 240 and 241:
5lZlXQ8v!ZV\lTD l;lâ DF5G S;M8LWMZ
Page 242 and 243:
(29) 16 VG[ 25 GM U]6M¿Z DwIS S[8,
Page 244 and 245:
(59) J:T]GL J[RF6lS\DT ~P P 5Z r% ,
Page 246 and 247:
5lZlXQ8v!$WMZ6v) o Ul6TV\lTD l;lâ
Page 248 and 249:
5lZlXQ8v!&WMZ6v) o Ul6T5|FYlDS VHDF
Page 250 and 251:
5lZlXQ8v!*WMZ6v) o Ul6T5|FYlDS VHDF
Page 252 and 253:
5lZlXQ8v!(WMZ6v) o Ul6T5|FYlDS VHDF
Page 254:
5lZlXQ8v!)WMZ6v) o Ul6TV\lTD l;lâ
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Etheses - Saurashtra University

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