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When a character in the story tells thestory. that character is called a first-personnarrator. The narrator may be a majorcharacter. a minor character, or just awitness. Readers see only what this charactersees. hear only what this character hears.learn only what this character thinks, and soon. The first-person narrative mayor may notbe reliable.When a voice outside the story narrates,the story is said to have a third-person narrator.An omniscient, or all-knowing, thirdpersonnarrator can tell readers what anycharacter thinks and feels. A limited thirdpersonnarrator, on the other hand. sees theworld through one character's eyes andreveals only that character's thoughts.Nonfiction Nonfiction is prose writing thatpresents and explains ideas or that tellsabout real people, places, or events. To beclassified as nonfiction, a work must be true.Among the nonfiction forms are essays,newspaper and magazine articles, journals,biographies, and autobiographies. Historical,scientific. technical, political, and philosophicalwritings are also nonfiction.Personification Personification is a type offigurative language in which a nonhumansubject is given human characteristics.Persuasion Persuasion is writing or speechthat attempts to convince the reader to adopta particular opinion or course of action.Plot Plot is the sequence of events in aliterary work. In most novels, dramas, shortstories, and narrative poems, the plotinvolves both characters and a centralconflict. The plot usually begins with anexposition that introduces the setting, thecharacters, and the basic situation. This isfollowed by the inciting action, which introducesthe central conflict. The conflict thenincreases during the development until itreaches a high point of interest or suspense,called the climax. All the events leading up tothe climax make up the rising action. Theclimax is followed by the falling action, whichleads to the resolution, or end, of the centralconflict. Any events that occur after theresolution make up the denouement.Prose Prose is the ordinary form of writtenlanguage. Most writing that is not poetry,drama, or song is considered prose. Prose isone of the major genres of literature andoccurs in two forms: fiction and nonfiction.Rhyme Rhyme is the repetition of soundsat the ends ofwords. End rhyme occurs whenthe rhyming words <strong>com</strong>e at the ends of lines.Internal rhyme occurs when the rhymingwords appear in the same line.Rhyme Scheme A rhyme scheme is a regu1ar pattern of rhyming words in a poem. Therhyme scheme is indicated by using differentletters of the alphabet for each new rhyme.Rhythm Rhythm is the pattern of beats orstresses in spoken or written language. Somepoems have a very specific pattern, or meter,whereas prose and free verse use the naturalrhythms of everyday speech.Science Fiction Science fiction is writingthat tells about imaginary events that involvescience or technology. Many science-fictionstories are set in the future.Sensory Language Sensory language iswriting or speech that appeals to one or moreof the senses.Setting The setting of a literary work is thetime and place of the action. Time caninclude not only the historical period-past,present, or future-but also a specific year,season, or time of day. Place may involve notonly the geographical place-a region,country, state, or town-but also the social.economic, or cultural environment. In somestories, setting serves merely as a backdropfor the action; in others. it is a crucial element.DeSCription ofthe setting often helps toestablish the mood of a story.SimUe A simile is a figure ofspeech in whichthe word like or as is used to make a <strong>com</strong>parisonbetween two basically unlike ideas.© Prentice-Hall, Inc. 7
NameNovel or Play Study SheetDIRECTIONS: Use this study sheet to help you identify important information about a novel or play.Title:Author: _______________________________________________________Genre: ______________________________________________________DateMain Characters: Character NameCharacter Traits Minor Characters: Character NameCharacter Traits Setting:________________________________Narrative point ofview: ____________________________________________\..... Plot:__________________~_________Basicconllict: ______________________________________________________Main events in rising action: _________________________________Clirr.wx:_______________________________________________________Main events in falling action: _________---''--___________________Resolution: ________________________________________________Moodoratmosphere: _______________________________________________Theme: _____________________________________________________© Prentice-Hall, Inc. 9
Page 1 and 2: Prentice HallRATUREimefedd VoiCed,
Page 3 and 4: CONTENTSBackground on the Novel ...
Page 5 and 6: Background on the Novel Our word no
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Test AnswersLiterature Library Test
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Americans' protests against social
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emotional relationship with her hus
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C. Understanding Literary Elementsa
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