18 What Happens After Death? The Promise of Life After Death19The Promise of LifeAfter Deathn the first chapter we dealt with God’s gift of physical life. In the secondchapter we discussed <strong>death</strong> itself. We have learned that we areImortal; life is temporary. Now we will focus on <strong>what</strong> <strong>happens</strong> <strong>after</strong><strong>death</strong>. Even though our bodies are temporary, subject to decay and<strong>death</strong>, God has planned for us much more than just this limited, physicalexistence.Thousands of years ago the patriarch Job asked the same question weask ourselves: “If a man dies, shall he live again?” (Job 14:14). He wenton to answer the question in stating to God: “All the days of my appointedtime will I wait, till my change come. Thou shalt call, and I will answerthee” (verses 14-15, KJV). After <strong>death</strong> a person is unconscious, waiting forGod to call him from the grave and restore him to life.What does the Bible say about the remarkable phenomenon of restorationto life? When will it take place? What else <strong>happens</strong> at this time? Willthe resurrected still be flesh and blood, or will they be brought back to adifferent kind of life?The answers to these questions go to the core of the meaning of ourexistence. As we study the Bible to find the answers, we can be encouraged,motivated and inspired by God’s plan for life <strong>after</strong> <strong>death</strong>.Photo illustration by Shaun Venish/PhotoDiscThe promise of the resurrectionPaul, as we saw briefly in the last chapter, spoke of a great changethat will take place when he referred to both the resurrection of thedead and the state of those who remain alive at the time of the resurrectionat the return of Christ. A marvelous transformation must occurbefore we can receive the gift of eternal life. The dead in Christ will beresurrected to an “incorruptible” existence, and those in Christ who arestill alive will be instantly changed from a mortal, physical existence toan incorruptible state.Notice again Paul’s description of this astounding event: “Behold, I tellyou a mystery: We shall not all sleep [die], but we shall all be changed—in a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trumpet. For the trumpetwill sound, and the dead will be raised incorruptible, and we shall bechanged” (1 Corinthians 15:51-52).As explained in the previous chapter, those who have died are unconscious,as if they are sleeping a dreamless sleep, awaiting their time to becalled out of the grave and resurrected to a new life. The period from thelast moment of consciousness untilthey are awakened in the resurrectionwill seem as if no time had passed atall, just as if they were waking fromsleep or from a coma.Paul shows clearly that this resurrectionwill occur when Jesus Christreturns to the earth: “But I do notwant you to be ignorant, brethren, concerningthose who have fallen asleep[died], lest you sorrow as others whohave no hope. For if we believe thatJesus died and rose again, even soGod will bring with Him those whosleep in Jesus. For this we say to youby the word of the Lord, that we whoPaul shows clearly that this resurrection will occur when JesusChrist returns to earth: “For the Lord Himself will descendfrom heaven . . . and the dead in Christ will rise first.”are alive and remain until the coming of the Lord will by no means precedethose who are asleep.“For the Lord Himself will descend from heaven with a shout, withthe voice of the archangel, and with the trumpet of God. And the dead inChrist will rise first. Then we who are alive and remain shall be caught uptogether with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air. And thus weshall always be with the Lord” (1 Thessalonians 4:13-17).Two groups resurrected at Christ’s returnIn both passages Paul distinguishes between two groups of Christ’sfollowers—those who have died and those who are still alive when Jesusreturns—both of whom will be in this resurrection. Although “it isappointed for men to die once” (Hebrews 9:27), some will remain alivewhen Jesus returns. So <strong>what</strong> will happen to these faithful followers whoare still alive then?At that time, these people’s physical lives will be over, because theywill be miraculously and instantaneously changed to incorruptible spirit,inheriting the gift of eternal life.
20 What Happens After Death? The Promise of Life After Death21Ancient Pagan Belief in HeavenThe idea that “souls” go to heaven at <strong>death</strong>originated in pagan religion, not the Bible.A brief look at ancient history reveals that thepeople of Babylon, Egypt and other kingdomsimagined such an <strong>after</strong>life.According to This Believing World, by LewisBrowne, the Egyptian god Osiris was thoughtto have been killed, resurrected and taken toheaven: “Osiris came to life again! He wasmiraculously resurrected from <strong>death</strong> and takenup to heaven; and there in heaven, so the mythThe Egyptian god Osiris was thought to havebeen killed, resurrected and taken to heaven.declared, he lived on eternally” (1946, p. 83).Browne explains: “The Egyptians reasonedthat if it was the fate of the god Osiris to beresurrected <strong>after</strong> <strong>death</strong>, then a way could befound to make it the fate of man, too . . . Thebliss of immortality that had formerly beenreserved only for kings was then promisedto all men . . . The heavenly existence of thedead was carried on in the realm of Osiris, andit was described in considerable detail by theEgyptian theologians. It was believed that on<strong>death</strong> the soul of a man set out at once to reacha Judgment Hall on high . . . and stood beforethe celestial throne of Osiris, the Judge. There itgave account of itself to Osiris and his forty-twoassociate gods” (p. 84).If able to satisfy the gods, “the soul wasstraightway gathered into the fold of Osiris.But if it could not, if it was found wanting whenweighed in the heavenly balances, then it wascast into a hell, to be rent to shreds of the‘Devouress.’ For only the righteous souls, onlythe guiltless, were thought to be deserving oflife everlasting” (pp. 86-87).This idea of men being able to follow theirsavior-god into heaven was a central focus ofthe ancient mystery religions. Browne continues:“Mankind everywhere, in Mexico and Iceland,in Zululand and China, makes more or lessthe same wild guesses in its convulsive effort tosolve the riddle of existence . . .“In very early times that idea flourished notalone among the Babylonians and Egyptians,but also among the barbaric tribes in and aroundGreece . . . These mysteries [came] down fromThrace or across the sea from Egypt and AsiaMinor . . . They declared that for every man,no matter how pooror vicious, there wasa place in heaven.All one had to dowas to be ‘initiated’into the secrets ofthe cult . . . then salvationwas assuredhim, and no excessof vice and moralturpitude [i.e., depravity] could close the gates ofparadise in his face. He was saved forevermore”(pp. 96-99).Man has always wanted to live without everdying. This world and all it offers has neversatisfied humanity. For centuries mankind hassearched for security and happiness in thehope of going to heaven at <strong>death</strong>. Regrettably,too many have embraced beliefs that cannot beproven true.God alone knows the answers to the mysteriesof life and <strong>death</strong>, and He reveals them in HisWord, the Holy Bible. Contrary to <strong>what</strong> so manythink, God does not promise eternity in heavenas the reward of the saved. Instead, Jesussays those who overcome will reign with Himin the coming Kingdom of God, which will beestablished on earth at His return (Revelation3:21; 5:10; 11:15). Ultimately, they will inheritthe entire universe and spirit realm as coheirswith Christ (compare Romans 8:17; Hebrews1:1-2; 2:5-11; Revelation 21:7).Wikimedia CommonsPaul describes this wonderful change a little earlier in the same chapter.“So also is the resurrection of the dead,” he wrote. “The body is sown incorruption, it is raised in incorruption. It is sown in dishonor, it is raisedin glory. It is sown in weakness, it is raised in power. It is sown a naturalbody [flesh and blood], it is raised a spiritual body [no longer physical, butcomposed of spirit]. There is a natural body, and there is a spiritual body”(1 Corinthians 15:42-44).Paul then explains that while “the first man Adam became a livingbeing,” a physical creature of the dust of the earth, “the last Adam [JesusChrist] became a life-giving spirit” (verse 45)—that is, He was resurrectedas a spirit being with a body composed of spirit. And so it willbe with us, as Paul explains.The apostle continues: “And as we have borne the image of the man ofdust, we shall also bear the image of the heavenly Man [Christ]. Now thisI say, brethren, that flesh and blood cannot inherit the kingdom of God;nor does corruption inherit incorruption” (verses 49-50).At the end of our physical lives—the conclusion of this temporary andmortal existence—comes <strong>death</strong>. After that comes a resurrection in whichwe must be changed because, as Paul wrote, mortal “flesh and bloodcannot inherit the kingdom of God.” Those who are “in Christ”—whohave been called, repented, been baptized and been led by God—will betransformed in that resurrection to eternal, spiritual life, glorified as spiritbeings like the resurrected Jesus Christ (Romans 8:16-17).What <strong>happens</strong> <strong>after</strong> the resurrection?The words quoted earlier from 1 Thessalonians 4:13-17 describe Jesus’triumphant return to earth. Heralded by the shout of an archangel and thesounding of a trumpet, God will resurrect the dead in Christ to eternallife; the living who are Christ’s will be changed from mortal to immortaland will ascend to meet and greet Him.Scriptures show that those in this resurrection will not stay in “heaven”(in this case the earth’s atmosphere—“the air,” as it states) with Christ,but will descend with Him as He takes control of and begins to reign overthe nations (see Daniel 2:44; 7:13-18; Zechariah 14:1-4; Acts 15:15-17;Revelation 11:15; 19:15).The resurrected saints (this term meaning those sanctified or setapart, applying to all of Christ’s followers) will reign with Christ onearth in His Kingdom. As Revelation 5:10 states, Jesus will make them“a kingdom and priests to serve our God, and they will reign on theearth” (New International Version). (To learn more about these incredibleevents, be sure to download or request your free copy of our bookletThe Gospel of the Kingdom.)
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