Figure 1. Location of <strong>Timor</strong>-<strong>Leste</strong> (East <strong>Timor</strong>) and surrounding areas. Figure 2. Generalised geological map of <strong>Timor</strong> with modification (Charlton, 2002) 4
AGE East <strong>Timor</strong> Bonaparte Basin Tectonic Events QUATERNARY Baucau - Ainaro Suai Poros Fm Fm. Limestone (gravels) (sands) Pliocene Fms (coral reefs) Viqueque (corals reefs, cross-bedded Mollasse conglomerates) Group (basal conglomerate, L sandstones, shales, marls, chalks) CRETACEOUS JURASSIC TRIASSIC PERMIAN TERTIARY Pre- Permian NEOGENE Miocene Eocene Paleocene Late Middle Early Late Middle Early M E Bobonaro Scaly Clay (BSC) Fm. Cablaci Fm. (calcarenites) Aliambata Fm. (calcilutites) Dartollu Limestone Fm. (biocalcarenites, calcareous algae limestones) Waibua Fm (redilarites, shales, calcilutites, manganese nodules) Wailuli Fm. (shales) Babulu Fm (sandstones) Autochthonous Olistrostrome Syn-post orogenic <strong>Timor</strong> basins deposits Syn-orogenic gravity slide deposits Oecussi and Atapupu volcanics Allochthonous, of Banda Terrain Woodbine Group (shelf, slope to open marine sediments) Alaria Fm. Collision and thrusting and , <strong>Timor</strong> of Baracouta Fm. Uplift Oliver Fm. Hibernia & PrionFms. Johnson Fm. Bathrust Island Group (marine shelf carbonates) Flamingo Group (open marine pelagic sediments) Troughton Group (fluviodeltaic nearshore sediments) Nome Fm Late Middle Challis Fm Pollard Fm. Osprey Fm. Early Mt.Goodwin Fm. (marine shales) Cribas Fm. Hyland Bay Fm. Late (quartz arenites, micaceous shales, calcilutites, basalts) (marine shelf carbonates) Lower Aitutu Fm. (calcilutites) Atahoc Fm. (quartzites, black shales, calcilutites, basalts) Lolotoi Fm (crystalline rocks) Parautochthonous, proximal facies of pre-collision Australian continental margin deposits and basement rocks (Lolotoi Formation) Maubisse Fm (red crinoidal limestones) Permian to ? Triassic reefal carbonates Aileu Fm (quartz-phylites and schists) Permian to ? Jurassic metamorphic rocks Allochthonous, distal pre-collision Australian continental margin deposits Sahul Group (fluviodeltaic/marine shelf sediments) Kulshill Fm. (marine sandstones) down warping of <strong>Timor</strong> Trough Arrival of Australian leading edge continental margin on the arc trench, and underthrusted. Emplacement of BSC. Subduction Australian oceanic crust into Banda arc Break-up of Australian NW margin Figure 3. <strong>The</strong> generalised stratigraphy of <strong>Timor</strong> and the Bonaparte Basin. Nomenclatures are ased on various sources (e.g., Audley-Charles, 1968; Charlton, 2002; Monteiro, 2003). Extension and rifting of Northwest Australian margin 5