The Competitive Economic Performance of English Cities

More documents

Recommendations

Info

The Competitive Economic Performance of English Citiesperforming and interconnected cities in the GSE are mostly within 50 minutesof London by train. The main exception to this rule is Bournemouth which isover 100 minutes away. The ability to move between cities on fast and reliablerail networks is clearly greater in countries like France and Germany than it is inthe UK. Thus the development of networked cities, for example in the‘northern way’ area, must depend partly on the development of rail networksthat match the best in Europe.Figure 3.23: Fastest post 06.00 rail weekday journey time to London 2005CitiesBurnleySunderlandRochdaleBlackpoolBlackburnMiddlesbroughPlymouthGrimsbyHullNewcastleBirkenheadHuddersfieldMansfieldBoltonBradfordPrestonWiganLiverpoolTelfordSheffieldWarringtonManchesterLeedsYorkWakefieldNorwichGloucesterBournemouthNottinghamDerbyBarnsleyDoncasterStokePortsmouthHastingsBirminghamWorthingSouthamptonBristolLeicesterBrightonIpswichCoventryNorthamptonPeterboroughSwindonSouthendOxfordCambridgeAldershotChathamCrawleyMilton KeynesLutonReadingLondon0 50 100 150 200 250Minutes96
The Competitive Economic Performance of English Cities3.6.7 A second suggestive indicator of the significance of connectivity is theproportion of the workforce employed in ICT. Although this covers a number ofdifferent sectors, some of the employment is concerned with the electronicconnection of the firms and economic actors both within their local economiesbut also with the wider national and international economies. We have alreadyshown in Fig. 3.4 above that there are major differences between cities inEngland in terms of the numbers of employees in ICT. This may also indicatedifferences in the technical sophistication of their electronic links.3.6.8 Given the growing importance of the international economy and the need forface-to-face communications when making significant decisions, air travel makesa critical contribution to the connectivity of different international nodes inknowledge based economies. Here the cities outside the GSE are at adisadvantage. The airports in that region dominate both the regular flights tobusiness destinations and the passenger numbers using them.3.6.9 Figure 3.24 shows that the numbers of frequently served internationalscheduled destinations served by the regional airports outside the GSE is smallbut growing. Manchester, Birmingham, Bristol, Nottingham, Newcastle andLiverpool have all increased their international connectivity during the 1990s.Even collectively, however, they still have some way to go before the balancebetween the regional airports and those that serve the London region is moreappropriate to their needs.Figure 3.24: Number of frequently served international scheduled destinations 1990and 2004AirportsManchesterBirminghamBristolNottingham East MidlandsNewcastleLiverpoolLeeds/BradfordSouthamptonCoventryKent InternationalDurham Tees ValleyNorwichBournemouthPlymouthLyddHumbersideExeterBlackpoolCambridge200419900 10 20 30 40 50 60 70Number of scheduled destinations3.6.10 Business, institutional and social networks are probably even more significantenablers of knowledge economies than the physical and electronic forms ofconnectivity outlined above. The interconnected systems in such economies arehighly dependent on the exchange of both codified and, more importantly, tacit97
Page 3 and 4:
State of the English CitiesThe Comp
Page 6 and 7:
The Competitive Economic Performanc
Page 8 and 9:
Page 10 and 11:
Executive summary1. What is the con
Page 12 and 13:
Page 14 and 15:
Page 16 and 17:
Page 18 and 19:
Page 20 and 21:
Chapter 1. IntroductionSummaryFor t
Page 22 and 23:
Page 24 and 25:
Page 26 and 27:
Page 28 and 29:
Page 30 and 31:
Page 32 and 33:
Page 34 and 35:
Page 36 and 37:
Page 38 and 39:
Page 40 and 41:
Page 42 and 43:
Page 44 and 45:
Page 46 and 47:
Page 48 and 49: The Competitive Economic Performanc
Page 124 and 125: Chapter 4. Responses to change: con
Page 148 and 149:
Page 150 and 151:
Page 152 and 153:
Page 154 and 155:
Page 156 and 157:
Page 158 and 159:
Page 160 and 161:
Page 162 and 163:
Page 164 and 165:
Page 166 and 167:
Page 168 and 169:
Page 170 and 171:
Page 172 and 173:
Page 174 and 175:
Page 176 and 177:
Page 178 and 179:
Page 180 and 181:
Page 182 and 183:
Page 184 and 185:
Page 186 and 187:
Page 188 and 189:
Page 190 and 191:
Page 192 and 193:
Page 194 and 195:
Page 196 and 197:
Page 198 and 199:
Page 200 and 201:
Page 202 and 203:
Page 204 and 205:
Page 206 and 207:
Page 208 and 209:
Page 210 and 211:
Page 212 and 213:
Page 214 and 215:
Page 216 and 217:
Page 218 and 219:
Page 220 and 221:
Page 222 and 223:
Page 224 and 225:
Chapter 5. Summary, policy implicat
Page 226 and 227:
Page 228 and 229:
Page 230 and 231:
Page 232 and 233:
Page 234 and 235:
Page 236 and 237:
Page 238 and 239:
Page 240 and 241:
Page 242 and 243:
Page 244 and 245:
Page 246 and 247:
Page 248 and 249:
Page 250 and 251:
Page 252 and 253:
Page 255:
This is one of a series of six them
show all

The Competitive Economic Performance of English Cities

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?