DESIGN TECHNOLOGYpoint cloud model into individual layers where they could beworked with in AutoCAD and visualized in Navisworks.By loading high resolution “corridors” or volume boxes of specificareas within the point cloud model, this provided designerswith the detail they needed to “thread the needle” on tight piperoutings while at the same time maintaining reasonable stabilityand performance speeds of the CAD system. In other words, theperfect tool for that tight ballast water treatment retrofit.But even with all these options, designers were still tracingand eyeballing the new design over the scan data. In response,Summit developed statistically valid feature extraction algorithmsto give the designers “Basic Modeled Parts” which includedsuch things as cylinder fits, pipe centerlines, face offlange and top of steel locations. These Basic Modeled Partsprovided “snap-to-points” in AutoCAD. In addition to theseBasic Modeled Parts, it was discovered that loading high resolution“corridors” or volume boxes of specific areas within thepoint cloud model also provided designers with the detail theyneeded, while at the same time maintaining reasonable stabilityand performance speeds of the CAD system.Design & Retrofit – The Way ForwardAlthough it is possible to continue using the “brute force”methods of the past, 3D Laser Scanning has emerged as avaluable and accessible technology that will continue to makemeasurable strides in the shipyard industry, and beyond. But,if you’ve got all the time and money in the world, and youdon’t like to think too much, then continue on as before.The AuthorThe FARO scannerfeatures portability,light weight equipmentand a surprisinglyaffordableprice tag.Daryl Johnson is a registered Professional Engineer inWashington State. He has 30 years of management, engineeringand design experience in the refining, power, marine, processand integrated chip industry. He established Summit Engineeringand Design, LLC in 1998 and was first introduced to 3D laserscanning in 2001.New Equipment installed in 3D Point Cloud model. Note: a clash was resolved during installationand the tight clearances necessitated that the pump was shoehorned in under the stairway.48 I Maritime Professional I 4Q 2013
SSecurityMARITIME SECURITYBehind the Curtain – Decision Support ToolsBy Luke RitterTechnology Can Drive Risk Management as Maritime Professionals Optimize SecurityThe job responsibilities of MaritimeProfessionals inevitablyinclude the requirement tounderstand risks, analyze options forrisk mitigation, and make strategic andtactical decisions to ensure the viabilityof the enterprise. Business leadersmust also do this while balancing goalsand objectives related to profi tability,and return on investment. But how doyou get that done? Today, promisingdecision support tools that enable executivesto simplify the process of riskmanagement – and reduce the time andcost associated with those tasks – arenow on the market.A Decision Support System (DSS) canbe defi ned as “a computer-based informationsystem that supports businessor organizational decision-making activities.”These so-called decision supportsystems, or decision support tools,are designed to support various planningfunctions within the managementand operations layers of a business enterprise.A DSS is typically most usefulwhen an operational environmentis dynamic, and metrics used to drivebusiness decisions are rapidly changingand not easily specifi ed in advance.The maritime domain clearly fi ts thisdescription.Every senior executive in the maritimeindustry, with strategic risk managementresponsibility, should have accessto these kind of tools that facilitatethe decision making process.What Constitutes Business Risk?Vulnerability is a physical featureor operational attribute that rendersan entity, asset, system, network, orgeographic area open to exploitation,or susceptible to a given hazard.Marine managers must continuallyevaluate natural and man-maderisks that have the potential to disruptoperations, or threaten employees,fixed assets, assets in transit,proprietary data, or even the environment.Maritime assets that aretypically considered to be “critical,”are those transportation networks orsystems that support core businessfunctions, and if lost, could resultin catastrophic damage to an enterprise.We also know that risk exposurehas two primary elements that mustbe considered when pursuing riskmitigation strategies: Likelihoodand Consequence. Likelihood issimply an estimate of the potentialthat a disruptive event will occur.Consequence of a disruptive eventtakes into consideration the impactthat the event has on business operations.These metrics are often easy to define,but can be much more difficultto actually calculate.The amount of risk exposure that anorganization is willing to accept, as anormal course of business, is referredto by the insurance industry as “riskappetite.” Tolerance for risk exposurecan vary greatly from one companyto another within the maritime industry.When executive decision makersfocus on risk management, it is notuncommon to find that a company’sexposure to risk is not aligned withthe actual policies, plans and proceduresin place for risk mitigation.This is where decision support toolscan play an important role.When executives have access tointuitive, easy to use software toolsthat manage and manipulate data,they can expose gaps, establish focuspoints for minimizing their firm’s exposure,and pursue risk managementstrategy options that emphasize securityoptimization.Optimization is the KeyThe Quality Management movementultimately boiled down acomplex methodology for continualincremental improvement into asimple, four-word chain that is easyto recall:PLAN / DO /CHECK / ACTAlthough the steps required to implementthese organizational managementinitiatives are complex, theunderlying process is simple. Themost effective decision support toolsfor security and risk managementuse this same basic model. ARESSecurity Corporation, for example,has a decision support tool on themarket called AVERT.This solution has been validatedby the U.S. Government, has beengranted a Safety Act designation bythe U.S. Department of HomelandSecurity, and is currently being employedto protect some of the mostsensitive critical infrastructure assetsin the United States. The AVERTtool uses a similar, fundamental processto produce results that optimizesecurity posture:www.maritimeprofessional.com | Maritime Professional | 49
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