VEGETATION MANAGEMENT PLAN for Bidjigal Reserve - Land

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Vegetation Management Plan - Bidjigal Reserve7.7.5 Weed Control MethodsWeed control is only one of a number of strategies required to achieve the goals of conserving,rehabilitating and managing native bushland. Weed control is only the first step to the recovery (orrehabilitation) of a more desirable plant community (whether native bushland or a plantation).Of primary importance is the potential for the site to recover after disturbance (‘site resilience’). Insites with low to moderate weed density and/or those surrounded by good quality native bushland,the potential for recovery is good, with natural regeneration of natives species occurring from in situsources (i.e. the soil seed bank) or volunteering from neighbouring bushland.However, for badly degraded sites or sites which have suffered long-term/extensive disturbance, siteresilience will usually be low to absent, so that attempts to achieve rehabilitation to an acceptablevegetation type will usually involve broad-scale and expensive revegetation programs.While Bush Regeneration is generally associated with the restoration of bushland remnants in theurban environment, there is some scope for some use of its low-impact methods in the ruralenvironment, which historically has relied on grazing, slashing, burning, or the broad-scaleapplication of herbicides to control weeds.In areas of bushland or where significant numbers of native plants remain in situ, Bush Regeneration– an approach that includes hand weeding, the careful use of selective herbicides, and planting – hasbecome accepted practice. However, the use of machinery to scalp weedy topsoil, broad-scaleapplication of herbicides (boom or aerial spraying), regular slashing or grazing, or the use of fire ismore appropriate on cleared or badly degraded land, or in rural and semi-rural situations.The most commonly used methods of weed control are:• Hand weeding (or minimal impact);• Herbicide application;• Mowing and slashing;• Mechanical clearing;• Burning;• Weed matting and mulching; and• Biological control….or more realistically, a combination of one or more of the above.Each of the above-listed methods will have some application in the Reserve’s Bushland RestorationProgram. Bushland rehabilitation and weed management is best achieved through ‘integrated weedmanagement’; an approach that incorporates a range of methods and techniques.When planning a weed control program, site-specific factors that must be considered when selectingmanagement strategies include:• The type, extent or degree of weed infestation;• The length of time since weed establishment;• The substrate (fill or natural soils);• Soil stability and the potential for slippage or erosion;UBM Ecological Consultants Pty Ltd 138
Vegetation Management Plan - Bidjigal Reserve• Site and local drainage conditions (hydrology);• The condition of native vegetation, which will provide propagules for natural regenerationand possibly be adversely affected by some weed control methods; and• The resources allocated for primary weed clearing and of prime importance, for on-goingsite maintenance.Bushland weed control methods are summarised in Table 7.1, below.Table 7.1: Explanation and Justification of Commonly Used Bushland Weed Control MethodsTECHNIQUE DESCRIPTION JUSTIFICATIONHandweedingLow volumeSpot-sprayHigh volumesprayCut/paintScrape/paint/poisonFrillingSlash/sprayMechanicalclearingMulchErosionPlus…..RevegetationHand-removal of juveniles and species that donot respond to herbicides, includesdigging/grubbing outSpray application of herbicide to isolated anddiscrete occurrences of weed speciesHigh volume spray application of herbicide tolarge areas of weed species, generally free ofdesirable speciesApplication of concentrated herbicide by handapplicator to the cut stump of a weedApplication of concentrated herbicide by handapplicator to the phloem layerApplication of concentrated herbicide toexposed sapwood by injection or into notchescut through outer barkSlashing of weed vegetation and follow-upspraying of regrowthRemoval of weed using machinery (Bobcat,excavator, spider etc)Covering of exposed ground with a layer ofcompostable chipped litter (native vegetation)Treatment of exposed soils to prevent erosionor sediment movementInstallation of locally indigenous plant speciesSize, stage of plant development, proximity tonative vegetation, lack of response to othertechniquesResponse to chemical controls, efficiency oftreatment, proximity to native vegetationResponse to chemical control, efficiency oftreatment, occurrence as a mono-culture oflarge weed mass, paucity of off-target speciesSize, stage of plant development, proximity tonative vegetation, response of plant to thisapplication, low impact treatmentSize, proximity to native vegetation, responseof plant to other techniques, low impacttreatmentSize of plant (generally >100mm diam),efficiency, effectiveness of treatment, slowerrate of response to treatment requiredJuvenile plants usually respond to herbicide,provides new & vigorous plant growth,reduces weed mass, opens up area to betreated to visual inspection, timely removal ofseed heads to prevent seed setLarge, varied weed mass, allows removal ofsoil seed bank, rapid means of removing largevolumes of weedSuppresses weed (& native) regeneration,retains soil moisture, reduced weedmaintenance, can reduce weed waste disposalcostsStabilise site, prevent further deterioration ordamage to site soils, prevent migration ofsoils, seed and sediment into water coursesSupplement existing or regenerationvegetation cover, provide rapid replacementof lost vegetation (weed mass), replace losthabitat, stabilise soilsUBM Ecological Consultants Pty Ltd 139
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specific regulations to improve the
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Parks & Landscape ServicesBushland
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1. IntroductionThese guidelines hav
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2.1 Step 1. Determine the Vegetatio
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2.3 Step 3. Calculate the Weed Clas
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2.5 Step 5. Report the Weed Classif
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Appendix B. Mapping ExampleKMC Bush
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VEGETATION MANAGEMENT PLAN for Bidjigal Reserve - Land

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