Wolf Creek and Center Hill Dams: Case studies in the Value of ...
Wolf Creek and Center Hill Dams: Case studies in the Value of ...
Wolf Creek and Center Hill Dams: Case studies in the Value of ...
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US Army Corps<strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong> Eng<strong>in</strong>eers ®Nashville District<strong>Wolf</strong> <strong>Creek</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Center</strong> <strong>Hill</strong><strong>Dams</strong>: <strong>Case</strong> <strong>studies</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong><strong>Value</strong> <strong>of</strong> InstrumentationPonds, Dewayne A. 1.* , Zimmerman, Pete 2 , Elson, Mark 31ARCADIS, 1210 Premier Drive, Chattanooga, TN 374212ARCADIS, 1210 Premier Drive, Chattanooga, TN 374213Army Corps <strong>of</strong> Eng<strong>in</strong>eers, Nashville District, 801 BroadSt., Estes-Kefauver Build<strong>in</strong>g, Nashville, TN 37203
US Army Corps<strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong> Eng<strong>in</strong>eers ®Nashville District
US Army Corps<strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong> Eng<strong>in</strong>eers ®Nashville District
US Army Corps<strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong> Eng<strong>in</strong>eers ®Nashville District
US Army Corps<strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong> Eng<strong>in</strong>eers ®Nashville District<strong>Wolf</strong> <strong>Creek</strong> DamType :Concrete-gravity <strong>and</strong> earth-fillQuantities: Concrete, cubic yards 1,380,000Earth-fill, cubic yards 10,016,500Dimensions: Maximum height, 258 feetLength, 5,736 feet (concrete, 1796; earth, 3940)US Highway 127 traverses <strong>Wolf</strong> <strong>Creek</strong> Dam <strong>and</strong> is a two lane ruralarterial roadway with little or no shoulders <strong>and</strong> exist<strong>in</strong>g guardrails on both sides.The lane width is 12 feet <strong>and</strong> US Highway 127 is <strong>and</strong> asphaltsurfaced roadway.
US Army Corps<strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong> Eng<strong>in</strong>eers ®Nashville District
US Army Corps<strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong> Eng<strong>in</strong>eers ®Nashville District
US Army Corps<strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong> Eng<strong>in</strong>eers ®Nashville District<strong>Center</strong> <strong>Hill</strong> DamType :Concrete-gravity <strong>and</strong> earth-fillQuantities: Concrete, cubic yards 993,800Earth-fill, cubic yards 2,541,000Dimensions: Maximum height, 250 feetLength, 2,160 feet (concrete, 1382; earth, 778)County Road 96 traverses <strong>Center</strong> <strong>Hill</strong> Dam <strong>and</strong> is a two lane localroad with little or no shoulder.It is an asphalt surfaced roadway bounded by an exist<strong>in</strong>g guardrail <strong>and</strong> construction Jersey barriers.The road has been narrowed to 11 foot lanes for constructionreasons.
US Army Corps<strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong> Eng<strong>in</strong>eers ®Nashville DistrictTypes <strong>and</strong> Purpose <strong>of</strong> InstrumentationInstalledIncl<strong>in</strong>ometers <strong>and</strong> extensometers were <strong>in</strong>stalled tomonitor <strong>the</strong> embankment stability <strong>of</strong> both projectsdur<strong>in</strong>g pressure grout<strong>in</strong>g operations for seepagemigration.Incl<strong>in</strong>ometers are to measure movement <strong>in</strong> twodirections horizontally.Extensometers are used to measures heave orsettlement vertically.
US Army Corps<strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong> Eng<strong>in</strong>eers ®Nashville District
US Army Corps<strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong> Eng<strong>in</strong>eers ®Nashville District
US Army Corps<strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong> Eng<strong>in</strong>eers ®Nashville District
US Army Corps<strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong> Eng<strong>in</strong>eers ®Nashville DistrictInstrument Components <strong>and</strong> InstallationIncl<strong>in</strong>ometers consist <strong>of</strong> 2.75 <strong>in</strong>ch diameter ABS plasticcas<strong>in</strong>g with perpendicular grooves to accommodate<strong>in</strong>strument measurement <strong>in</strong> two directions.A cas<strong>in</strong>g anchor is <strong>in</strong>stalled at <strong>the</strong> bottom to preventvertical moment dur<strong>in</strong>g grout<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> cas<strong>in</strong>g.Spider magnet extensometers are <strong>in</strong>stalled on <strong>the</strong>outside <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> cas<strong>in</strong>g at specific locations determ<strong>in</strong>ed byconditions encountered dur<strong>in</strong>g drill<strong>in</strong>g.A datum magnet is <strong>in</strong>stalled close to <strong>the</strong> base <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>cas<strong>in</strong>g.After spider magnet deployment <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>strument is <strong>the</strong>ngrouted <strong>in</strong>.
US Army Corps<strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong> Eng<strong>in</strong>eers ®Nashville District
US Army Corps<strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong> Eng<strong>in</strong>eers ®Nashville District
US Army Corps<strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong> Eng<strong>in</strong>eers ®Nashville District
US Army Corps<strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong> Eng<strong>in</strong>eers ®Nashville District
US Army Corps<strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong> Eng<strong>in</strong>eers ®Nashville District
US Army Corps<strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong> Eng<strong>in</strong>eers ®Nashville District
US Army Corps<strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong> Eng<strong>in</strong>eers ®Nashville District
US Army Corps<strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong> Eng<strong>in</strong>eers ®Nashville District
US Army Corps<strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong> Eng<strong>in</strong>eers ®Nashville District
US Army Corps<strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong> Eng<strong>in</strong>eers ®Nashville District
US Army Corps<strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong> Eng<strong>in</strong>eers ®Nashville District
US Army Corps<strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong> Eng<strong>in</strong>eers ®Nashville DistrictConclusionsThe type <strong>of</strong> <strong>in</strong>strumentation used at <strong>Wolf</strong> <strong>Creek</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Center</strong> <strong>Hill</strong>Dam embankments can also be used to monitor roadwayembankments.Incl<strong>in</strong>ometer / extensometers can be useful tools <strong>in</strong> monitor<strong>in</strong>gstability <strong>of</strong> roadway embankments constructed <strong>in</strong> less thanfavorable construction site conditions <strong>of</strong>ten found here <strong>in</strong>Appalachia.Data ga<strong>the</strong>red from <strong>the</strong>se <strong>in</strong>struments can help determ<strong>in</strong>e <strong>the</strong>rate <strong>of</strong> movement, direction <strong>of</strong> a potential failure <strong>and</strong> elevation<strong>of</strong> failure allow<strong>in</strong>g time to plan <strong>and</strong> implement mitigationmeasures. The possibility <strong>of</strong> catastrophic failures <strong>in</strong> monitoredareas is reduced.
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