NASW Standards for Social Work Case Management - National ...

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affiliation; physical, psychiatric, and cognitiveability; and literacy, including health, behavioralhealth, and financial literacy.Cultural competence“The process by which individuals and systemsrespond respectfully and effectively to peopleof all cultures, languages, classes, races, ethnicbackgrounds, religions, and other diversityfactors [including, but not limited to, genderidentity and expression, sexual orientation, andfamily status] in a manner that recognizes,affirms, and values the worth of individuals,families, and communities and protects andpreserves the dignity of each” (NASW, 2007,pp. 12–13).Health and health careAs noted in the Social Work Dictionary (Barker,2003), NASW supports the World HealthOrganization (WHO)’s definition of health:“a state of complete physical, mental and socialwell-being and not merely the absence of diseaseor infirmity” (WHO, 1946, 2011). Within thesestandards, the terms health and health care refernot only to physical health and medical care,but also to psychosocial well-being andbehavioral health care.16
Guiding PrinciplesThe primary goal of social work casemanagement is to optimize client functioningand well-being by providing and coordinatinghigh-quality services, in the most effective andefficient manner possible, to individuals withmultiple complex needs. Social workers use thefollowing strategies to achieve this goal:■ strengthening the developmental, problemsolving,and coping capacities of clients■ enhancing clients’ ability to interact with andparticipate in their communities, with respectfor each client’s values and goals■ linking people with systems that provide themwith resources, services, and opportunities■ increasing the scope and capacity of servicedelivery systems■ creating and promoting the effective andhumane operation of service systems■ contributing to the development andimprovement of social policy.Amid the diversity of program settings, titles,paradigms, and goals, the following characteristicsdistinguish social work case management:■ Person-centered services. The social workcase manager engages the client (and, whenappropriate, other members of the familysystem) in all aspects of case management andtailors services to the client’s needs,preferences, and goals.■ Primacy of client–social worker relationship.The therapeutic relationship or workingalliance between the social work case managerand the client is integral to helping the clientachieve her or his goals.■ Person-in-environment framework. Thesocial work case manager understands that17
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