12.07.2015 Views

Interview with Teresita van Gaalen on how a - Autolive.co.za

Interview with Teresita van Gaalen on how a - Autolive.co.za

Interview with Teresita van Gaalen on how a - Autolive.co.za

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

Create successful ePaper yourself

Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.

Subscribe for free @www.autolive.<strong>co</strong>.<strong>za</strong> Page 13Toyota Boxes CleverThe Toyota 86, of which there is an almost identical Subaru versi<strong>on</strong> available already in Europe, is <strong>on</strong>e of the mostinteresting Toyotas to be produced for years. Its mechanical specificati<strong>on</strong> makes for some hugely entertainingreading, as does the driving experience in general.By Stuart Johnst<strong>on</strong>My <strong>on</strong>ly sadness regarding my first taste of the 86is that I had an automatic model for test. Giventhe car’s purist sporting nature, all the six-speedautomatic did was make me wish every time Iclimbed into it that I had a manual model, whichI believe has quite a delightful gear shift. But more<strong>on</strong> that later.The 86’s most unusual attribute is undoubtedlyits engine, which is very much a joint development<str<strong>on</strong>g>with</str<strong>on</strong>g> Subaru. Having had such vast experience <str<strong>on</strong>g>with</str<strong>on</strong>g>boxer (horiz<strong>on</strong>tally-opposed pist<strong>on</strong>) engines overthe past half a century, it was natural that Subaruwas left to design the crankcase and cylinder endof the engine. Where Toyota’s engineering expertisecame in was in at the upper end, or maybe thatshould be at the extremities, given that a boxerengine’s cylinder heads are stuck out in the windstream<strong>on</strong> either side of the low-slung engine.Toyota brought its experience <str<strong>on</strong>g>with</str<strong>on</strong>g> direct petrolinjecti<strong>on</strong> to this particular party, and it is indeeda happy occasi<strong>on</strong>. The motor revs so freelyand seamlessly that <strong>on</strong>e is hard-pressed to re<strong>co</strong>gnisethat it’s a horiz<strong>on</strong>tally-opposed motor. PerhapsLooks a bit like an early Hino badge, butwhat it says is 86, flanked by opposingpist<strong>on</strong>s.it’s due to the particular intake and exhaust c<strong>on</strong>figurati<strong>on</strong>of the 86, but there is an almost <strong>co</strong>mpleteabsence of the off-beat warble that characterises“pure” Subaru offerings. It simply takes <strong>on</strong> a slightlyharder edge as it revs way past its power peak of6 600 rpm, to an electr<strong>on</strong>ically c<strong>on</strong>trolled red-linecut-out at 7 400.Toyota engineers worked extremelyl<strong>on</strong>g hours to arrive at this particularengine sound by playing around<str<strong>on</strong>g>with</str<strong>on</strong>g> the intake and exhaust timing<strong>on</strong> the variable camshaft sprockets.Toyota engineers worked extremely l<strong>on</strong>g hoursto arrive at this particular engine sound by playingaround <str<strong>on</strong>g>with</str<strong>on</strong>g> the intake and exhaust timing <strong>on</strong> thevariable camshaft sprockets. They were in fact sopleased <str<strong>on</strong>g>with</str<strong>on</strong>g> the engine sound they achieved, thatthey channelled some of this sound into the cabin,via a rubber duct. This was d<strong>on</strong>e so that outside thenoise from exhaust and inducti<strong>on</strong> is still well <str<strong>on</strong>g>with</str<strong>on</strong>g>inthe ever-stricter noise polluti<strong>on</strong> limits that are beingimposed <strong>on</strong> manufacturers in the more sophisticatedregi<strong>on</strong>s of our planet.The idea reminds us of the days when teenagedhot-rodders fitted side-draught Webers to theirMinis, and as their was no space left over for the intaketrumpets, they removed the speedo, so you hadthe engine drawing fresh air directly from the spotwhere the speedo <strong>on</strong>ce resided!The amount of expertise that has g<strong>on</strong>e into the86’s air-and-fuel inducti<strong>on</strong> is quite mind-boggling.The D-4S injecti<strong>on</strong> system uses two injector systemsper cylinder, and employs both direct injecti<strong>on</strong> intothe cylinder as well as port-injecti<strong>on</strong> into the intakeports. The port injecti<strong>on</strong> system <strong>co</strong>mes into play atlower engine revs, and apparently there is simultaneousport and direct injecti<strong>on</strong> at high rpm, above5 000 rpm.The pist<strong>on</strong>s have been specially designed tomake best use of the direct injecti<strong>on</strong> system, <str<strong>on</strong>g>with</str<strong>on</strong>g>a “flared dome” shape that swirls the direct injecti<strong>on</strong>fuel spray towards the spark plug area. There isno doubt as to the engine’s dynamic efficiency, as ituses a high 12,5:1 <strong>co</strong>mpressi<strong>on</strong> ratio.Apparently Chief Engineer Tesuya Tada c<strong>on</strong>sideredtwo types of engines for this car, these beinga rotary design and a boxer, saying that these small,low c<strong>on</strong>figurati<strong>on</strong>s were under c<strong>on</strong>siderati<strong>on</strong> becausesuch a low-slung engine was needed in a lowsports car to <strong>co</strong>mply <str<strong>on</strong>g>with</str<strong>on</strong>g> ever-stringent pedestriansafety laws.While the car has sporty overt<strong>on</strong>es in its enginenote, it has sporting characteristics in much moreimportant areas. The fact that the Boxer engine hasa low centre of gravity obviously helped the Toyotaengineers in arriving at a very dynamic handlingpackage. It uses MacPhers<strong>on</strong> struts up fr<strong>on</strong>t anddouble wishb<strong>on</strong>es at the rear, and, as already menti<strong>on</strong>ed,a rear – wheel-drive layout, something wehave seen more recently in Lexus cars <str<strong>on</strong>g>with</str<strong>on</strong>g> theirBoxer four-cylinder is a joint venture between Toyota and Subaru.c<strong>on</strong>tinued <strong>on</strong> next page

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!