THINKING ABOUT AIR WARFARE<strong>of</strong> nouns and could not come to a clear understanding aboutwhether strategic bombing and deep interdiction had any measurabledistinction.<strong>Creech</strong>’s most significant influence on airpower thought camefrom the Warfighter Conference, undoubtedly a seminal eventin airpower history. Based on the work done at that conferencein 1978, <strong>Creech</strong> and his fellow Airmen plotted a new course forthe way the TAF would approach a sophisticated enemy withformidable air defenses. Welch’s recollection <strong>of</strong> the conferenceprovides a useful summary:By the end <strong>of</strong> the conference, there was full agreement that low-leveltactics might be necessary for a time but that we needed to get out <strong>of</strong>that mode as early as possible. Perhaps even more important for thesubsequent evolution <strong>of</strong> both systems and tactics, there was a muchgreater appreciation for the potential <strong>of</strong> new tactical thinking, some furtherenabling defense suppression help, and the right munitions withprecision guidance—all clearly within our technology capabilities. 88The equipment and training initiatives flowing from this visionwere many and varied and constitute the subject <strong>of</strong> the nextchapter.Notes1. Kitfield, Prodigal Soldiers, 242.2. <strong>Creech</strong>, oral history interview, 225.3. Gen W. L. <strong>Creech</strong>, to the author, letter, 31 December 2001; and GenJack I. Gregory, to the author, e-mail, 6 March 2002.4. Boyne, Beyond the Wild Blue, 216.5. Gregory, e-mail.6. Statistics compiled by Grant M. Hales, Air Combat Command historian,2002. Used with permission.7. Gen W. L. <strong>Creech</strong>, interview by the author, 15 February 2002.8. “TACAIR Rejuvenated.”9. Gen Larry D. Welch, to the author, e-mail, 4 March 2002.10. <strong>Creech</strong>, oral history interview, 225–27.11. Ibid., 227.12. Kitfield, Prodigal Soldiers, 242–43.13. <strong>Creech</strong>, oral history interview, 227.14. Ibid., 226.15. Ibid., 227; and <strong>Creech</strong>, interview, 15 February 2002.16. “Interdiction: An Operational Perspective.” The areas were importantfrom the Army’s perspective as well, cited explicitly in AirLand Battle Field Man-47
CREECH BLUEual 100-5, Operations, 1982. See Romjue, “Evolution <strong>of</strong> the AirLand Battle Concept,”11.17. <strong>Creech</strong> (address, Air Force Association Symposium, 13 November1981), 3–4.18. <strong>Creech</strong>, “Tactical Air Command Readiness,” 16.19. Gen Larry D. Welch, to the author, e-mail, 2 May 2002.20. Ibid.21. Gen W. L. <strong>Creech</strong>, interview by the author, 9 May 2002. General<strong>Creech</strong> determined the date from a trip scrapbook that contained an itinerary.22. Gen W. L. <strong>Creech</strong>, to the author, e-mail, 2 May 2002.23. Welch, e-mail, 2 May 2002.24. <strong>Creech</strong> (address, Air Force Association/Aeronautical Systems Division,22 October 1981), 11–12.25. “Interdiction: An Operational Perspective.”26. Gen Charles A. Horner, to the author, e-mail, 23 February 2002. Thelow-altitude navigation and targeting infrared for night (LANTIRN) program,discussed in detail in the next chapter, was designed to allow low-level operationsat night and the delivery <strong>of</strong> precision-guided munitions.27. “TACAIR Rejuvenated.”28. <strong>Creech</strong> (address, Association <strong>of</strong> the US Army, 21 October 1981), 4.29. Wass de Czege and Holder, “New FM 100-5,” 53.30. Chapman et al., Prepare the Army for War, 59.31. Starry, “Perspective on American Military Thought,” 9; and idem, oralhistory interview, 37.32. Starry, “Extending the Battlefield,” 37.33. Ibid., 36. See also Machos, “TACAIR Support for AirLand Battle,” 19.34. Wass de Czege and Holder, “New FM 100-5,” 56. See also Richardson,“FM 100-5,” 5; and Holder, “Doctrinal Development,” 52.35. <strong>Creech</strong> (address, Association <strong>of</strong> the US Army, 21 October 1981), 6.36. Romjue, “Evolution <strong>of</strong> the AirLand Battle Concept,” 10.37. Starry, “Extending the Battlefield,” 47.38. Machos, “Air-Land Battles or AirLand Battle?” 38.39. Deal, “Key to the Deep Battle,” 53. Offensive air support (OAS) was anumbrella term for CAS, BAI, and tactical air reconnaissance.40. “Myths about the Army’s AirLand Battle Doctrine,” 2.41. Machos, “Air-Land Battles or AirLand Battle?” 39.42. Cardwell, “One Step Beyond,” 48.43. Romjue, From Active Defense to AirLand Battle, 65. Gen Creighton W.Abrams, Army chief <strong>of</strong> staff, had taken this step in order to save manpower.Gen Donn A. Starry, interview by the author, 24 March 2002.44. Futrell, Ideas, Concepts, Doctrine, vol. 2, 1961–1984, 554.45. Starry, oral history interview, 9.46. Ibid., 22.47. Berry, “TAC and TRADOC,” 28.48. Gen W. L. <strong>Creech</strong>, interview by the author, 9 January 2002.49. Starry, interview by the author, 24 March 2002.48
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CONCLUSIONSAir Power in the Persian
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CONCLUSIONSNotes1. Puryear, America
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BibliographyAir Force Manual (AFM)
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Winter, and David G. Young. USAF So
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Fastabend, David A. “That Elusive
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Keaney, Thomas A., and Eliot A. Coh
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Momyer, William W. Air Power in Thr
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Ropelewski, Robert R. “US Tactica
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Williams, George K. Biplanes and Bo