An Overview of Blueberry Releases from NCSU - The Southern ...
An Overview of Blueberry Releases from NCSU - The Southern ...
An Overview of Blueberry Releases from NCSU - The Southern ...
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<strong>An</strong> <strong>Overview</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Blueberry</strong> <strong>Releases</strong><strong>from</strong> <strong>NCSU</strong> – and Other Cultivars <strong>of</strong>Interest for NC GrowersBill Cline, Plant Pathology DepartmentNorth Carolina State UniversityHorticultural Crops Research StationCastle Hayne, NC
Some breeding priorities • Early, fresh, large• Disease resistance(canker, stem blight)• Climate adaptability• Soils• Seasons• Quality and shelf life• Machine for fresh
CROATAN – 40% <strong>of</strong> commercial acreage in southeasternNC, ripens in late May and early June. Very productiveolder cultivar (released 1954); resistant to stem canker.Coastal Plain YESPiedmont NOMountains NO
1987 <strong>Releases</strong>: BLUE RIDGE, BOUNTY, CAPE FEAR,O’NEAL• BLUE RIDGE <strong>Southern</strong> highbush, ripens after June 1 st in SENC. Capable <strong>of</strong>tremendous yields and holds well on the bush, but not widely planted due to lateripening. Acreage increasing. Susceptible to mummy berry, stem canker. Wetpicking scar.• BOUNTY Highbush. Highyielding and large; susceptible to stem blight whenyoung, but a good survivor after 3 rd year; requires a short harvest interval, andsprays for anthracnose ripe rot. Not for marginal soils.• CAPE FEAR – <strong>Southern</strong> highbush, ripens slightly ahead <strong>of</strong> Blue Ridge. Notrecommended for planting due to problems with s<strong>of</strong>t fruit.
O’NEAL <strong>Southern</strong> highbush cultivar, released by <strong>NCSU</strong>. Earliestripening, better soil adaptation than ‘Bladen’. ‘O’Neal’ is very popularand is planted worldwide. wide. Susceptible to blueberry stem canker.Coastal Plain YESPiedmont MAYBEMountains NO
REVEILLE –1990, <strong>Southern</strong> highbush. Medium to small, very firm,machineharvestable harvestable berry. Accounts for around 15% <strong>of</strong> NC acreage,declining due to low, inconsistent yields. Exceptional, unique flavor.Susceptible to cracking.Coastal Plain YESPiedmont NOMountains NO
IRA, MONTGOMERY, YADKIN Rabbiteyes released in 1997.Montgomery is early blooming and early ripening, but berry darkenswith handling. Yadkin has exceptional flavor but is late and dark. Ira(shown) ripens in midseason (July 5 in SENC).
SAMPSON, DUPLIN, SUMMIT (1998), ARLEN (1997) – <strong>NCSU</strong> <strong>Southern</strong> highbush, ripenafter Croatan in late May/early June. Sampson (shown) is large and very productive,exceptional flavor, BUT young bushes susceptible to stem blight. Often requires carefulpruning or hedging at a young age to develop a sturdy upright bush. Duplin and Summithave been inconsistent (vigor, yield) and are not recommended. Arlen is late (6/10).Coastal Plain YESPiedmont MAYBEMountains NO
ECHOTA Highbush, 1998. Midseason (5 Jun inSENC). Released for western NC. Variable survival inSENC, 800 + chill hrs. High acid, very light blue color.Tight clusters, stem scar fair to good.
ONSLOW Rabbiteye, 2001. Latest ripening <strong>of</strong> NCreleases, Fruit slightly darker and larger than Powderbluewhen fully ripe.
COLUMBUS – 2002, ripens in early July (SENC).Excellent flavor, color and shelf life. Difficult to propagateand establish. Probably not suitable for machine harvest.Coastal Plain YESPiedmont YESMountains
2003 <strong>Southern</strong> highbush releases CRAVEN, PAMLICO,LENOIR – Selected for vigor, medium size, and machineharvestability.• CRAVEN Early ripening (5/25in SENC), Upright habit, <strong>of</strong>ten hasvariegated leaves. Susceptible tored ringspot virus.• LENOIR – Highly vigorous, ripens6/3 in SENC.• PAMLICO – (shown) Ripens 6/1 inSENC
NEW HANOVER <strong>Southern</strong> highbush, 2005. Early (6/1in SENC), largefruited cultivar for hand harvest.
CARTERET SHB, 2005. Most vigorous and productive<strong>of</strong> recent releases, small scar, trialed as machineharvestable for fresh market (we hope!) 500700 chill hrs
BEAUFORT SHB, 2005. Midseason (5 Jun in SENC).Released for machine harvest (fresh?) 700800 chill hrs
ROBERSON Pentaploid, 2005. 400600 chillhrs, potential for upland sites, earlier than Premier.Fruit s<strong>of</strong>t and unlikely to ship well.
DUKE – Northern highbush, short bloomtoripe interval, early andproductive. May not chill adequately some years in SE NC, requirescareful pruning to prevent overcropping. Tight clusters, mild flavor.Coastal Plain YESPiedmont MAYBEMountains YES
LEGACY <strong>Southern</strong> highbush <strong>from</strong> USDA, developed inNJ. Ripens early June in southeastern NC and is widelysoiladapted a possible choice for marginal sites.Coastal Plain YESPiedmont MAYBEMountains ????
<strong>Blueberry</strong> harvest timing by cultivar in southeastern NC (*<strong>NCSU</strong>)Cultivar MAY JUNEJULY AUGUST SEPC R O A T A N *O ’ N E A L *S T A RR E V E I L L E *B L A D E N *D U K EB O U N T Y *C R A V E N *N E W H A N O V E R *S A M P S O N *C A R T E R E T *P A M L I C O *B L U E R I D G E *L E N O I R *B E A U F O R T *P E N D E R *S U M M I T *L E G A C Y *R O B E S O N *P R E M I E R *C O L U M B U S *I R A *O N S L O W *
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