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Index<br />
Current<br />
Version 6.6 <strong>of</strong> 25.11.2012: Proposition concerning the simplex method proved.<br />
Introduction (revised: 25.09.2011)<br />
What is the aim <strong>of</strong> this homepage?<br />
Informatics (revised: 25.09.2011)<br />
Radio computing, internet and co, programming with Stair and sorting and searching<br />
Linguistics (revised: 09.04.2011)<br />
Binary <strong>font</strong>, <strong>font</strong> <strong>Fon<strong>to</strong></strong>, ambisexuality, planned language Lango and language <strong>of</strong> science<br />
Mathematics (revised: 25.11.2012)<br />
Geometry, equitable distributing, set theory, nonstandardanalysis, optimisation, representations,<br />
transcendent numbers and calculation <strong>of</strong> times<br />
Philosophy (revised: 10.05.2011)<br />
Consciousness, reference theory, interview, problem solutions and knowledge representation<br />
Physics (revised: 30.10.2011)<br />
Oscillations and universe<br />
Politics (revised: 11.04.2009)<br />
The political site <strong>of</strong> the religion <strong>of</strong> love on www.relil.org<br />
Religion (revised: 21.02.2011)<br />
Description <strong>of</strong> www.relil.eu, www.relil.net and www.relil.de<br />
About me (revised: 06.09.2009)<br />
<strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong><br />
Bibliography (revised: 21.11.2012)<br />
Books used<br />
Subject catalogue (revised: 25.09.2011)<br />
Central terms<br />
Definitions and glossary (revised: 13.02.2011)<br />
Terms used differently<br />
Private (revised: 05.12.2008)<br />
Admission only by user and password<br />
Revisional his<strong>to</strong>ry:<br />
25.11.2012: Optimisation improved and mathematics extended. #44<br />
12.06.2012: Nonstandardanalysis and mathematics completed. #43<br />
07.04.2012: Nonstandardanalysis improved. #42<br />
06.04.2012: Transcendent numbers and mathematics improved. #41<br />
05.04.2012: Set theory improved. #40<br />
30.10.2011: Formulas in oscillations prettified.<br />
29.10.2011: Nonstandardanalysis altered resp. completed. #39<br />
25.10.2011: Mathematics, set theory and transcendent numbers altered resp. extended. #38<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 1 <strong>of</strong> 154
25.09.2011: Radio computing inserted. #37<br />
22.09.2011: Sorting and searching extended. #36<br />
09.07.2011: Sorting and searching as well as nonstandardanalysis completed. #35<br />
07.06.2011: Transcendent numbers completed. #34<br />
10.05.2011: Reference theory and universe extended. #33<br />
09.04.2011: Language <strong>of</strong> science extended. #32<br />
07.03.2011: Language <strong>of</strong> science inserted, introduction and linguistics completed. #31<br />
13.02.2011: Programming with Stair inserted, introduction and informatics completed. #30<br />
11.01.2011: Consciousness extended. #29<br />
07.12.2010: Introduction changed, philosophy rephrased and consciousness inserted as well<br />
as carried over from reference theory. #28<br />
12.11.2010: Geometry inserted and introduction and mathematics extended. #27<br />
06.11.2010: Problem solutions completed. #26<br />
05.11.2010: Problem solutions completed. #25<br />
09.10.2010: Reference theory extended. #24<br />
17.09.2010: Sorting and searching extended. #23<br />
13.09.2010: Reference theory completed. #22<br />
11.09.2010: Reference theory completed. #21<br />
03.06.2010: Nonstandardanalysis inserted and introduction and mathematics extended. #20<br />
30.05.2010: Set theory extended. #19<br />
11.04.2010: Introduction, informatics and sorting completed by searching. #18<br />
21.03.2010: Introduction, informatics and sorting completed. #17<br />
13.03.2010: Oscillations extended. #16<br />
07.03.2010: Problem solutions inserted and introduction and philosophy extended. #15<br />
16.01.2010: Set theory completed. #14<br />
27.12.2009: Knowledge representation completed. #13<br />
23.11.2009: Physics renamed oscillations, universe inserted and physics rewritten. #12<br />
01.10.2009: Transcendent numbers improved and extended. #11<br />
06.09.2009: Mathematics extended and with introduction plus About me amended. #10<br />
03.09.2009: Set theory, transcendent numbers and informatics improved and extended. #9<br />
11.07.2009: Reference theory extended. #8<br />
28.06.2009: Representations inserted. #7<br />
30.05.2009: Informatics extended. #6<br />
24.05.2009: Mathematics and set theory fundament<strong>all</strong>y reworked. #5<br />
25.04.2009: Pages migrated <strong>to</strong> XHTML 1.1, search function improved and used files more<br />
uniformly renamed.<br />
25.02.2009: Interview completed. #4<br />
22.02.2009: Subject catalogue improved and homepage from HTML migrated <strong>to</strong> XHTML.<br />
25.01.2009: Politics completed by election procedure. #3<br />
11.01.2009: Set theory amended and transcendent numbers inserted. #2<br />
05.12.2008: Size- and colour change and also RSS feed inserted.<br />
21.11.2008: Planned language Lango improved and extended. #1<br />
09.11.2008: Set theory improved.<br />
28.09.2008: Linguistics finelier subdivided <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> binary <strong>font</strong>, <strong>font</strong> <strong>Fon<strong>to</strong></strong>, ambisexuality (new)<br />
and planned language Lango.<br />
24.08.2008: Optimisation inserted.<br />
05.07.2008: Internet and co extended.<br />
20.06.2008: Knowledge representation completed.<br />
04.05.2008: Introduction and politics completed.<br />
03.05.2008: Definitions and glossary inserted.<br />
29.04.2008: Error site set up and language independent code programmed.<br />
20.04.2008: Statistics inserted and politics extended.<br />
13.04.2008: Homepage after W3C validated and PHP code as text inserted.<br />
06.04.2008: Introduction and mathematics extended and politics newly inserted.<br />
05.04.2008: Informatics reworked and internet and co and sorting newly inserted.<br />
24.02.2008: Linguistics completed.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 2 <strong>of</strong> 154
17.02.2008: Linguistics and introduction completed.<br />
11.02.2008: About me changed.<br />
05.01.2008: Linguistics and calculation <strong>of</strong> times (outlook) extended.<br />
16.12.2007: Linguistics changed.<br />
01.12.2007: Religion inserted.<br />
06.11.2007: Linguistics extended.<br />
26.10.2007: Bibliography inserted and introduction completed.<br />
16.09.2007: Calculation <strong>of</strong> times completed.<br />
09.09.2007: Letters in linguistics changed.<br />
19.08.2007: Linguistics extended by letters.<br />
29.07.2007: Reference theory extended.<br />
17.06.2007: Linguistics completed.<br />
05.05.2007: Linguistics completed by grammar for verbs.<br />
01.05.2007: Linguistics corrected and extended.<br />
20.04.2007: Linguistics extended.<br />
15.04.2007: Reference theory completed.<br />
30.03.2007: Linguistics changed and completed.<br />
29.03.2007: Linguistics and introduction changed and extended.<br />
24.02.2007: Reference theory extended.<br />
18.02.2007: Reference theory completed.<br />
11.02.2007: Numbers/set theory shortened <strong>to</strong> set theory.<br />
29.01.2007: Physics inserted.<br />
23.01.2007: Numbers/set theory extended.<br />
22.01.2007: Numbers/set theory completed.<br />
07.01.2007: Numbers/set theory changed.<br />
02.01.2007: Numbers/set theory completed by more examples.<br />
01.01.2007: Numbers/set theory extended by considerations concerning the approximation<br />
order.<br />
31.12.2006: Mathematics completed.<br />
30.12.2006: Informatics completed with considerations <strong>to</strong> the n-dimensional space.<br />
23.12.2006: Reference theory completed.<br />
05.11.2006: About me revised.<br />
04.11.2006: Reference theory extended.<br />
02.10.2006: Reference theory completed.<br />
09.09.2006: Reference theory extended.<br />
03.09.2006: Complete revision <strong>of</strong> the sites.<br />
01.09.2006: I found the religion <strong>of</strong> love.<br />
27.08.2006: Reference theory, God, God and man and theodicy extended.<br />
20.08.2006: Prayers by dependence prayer extended.<br />
12.08.2006: Theodicy extended.<br />
06.08.2006: God and theodicy completed.<br />
30.07.2006: Private sec<strong>to</strong>r with Web log as diary set up.<br />
25.07.2006: Reference theory extended.<br />
20. and 23.07.2006: Virtue doctrine completed.<br />
16.07.2006: Theodicy extended.<br />
13.07.2006: Basics completed.<br />
09.07.2006: Linguistics completed by Braille, keywords and descriptions updated.<br />
08.07.2006: Linguistics written.<br />
07.07.2006: Theodicy extended, Website search inserted.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 3 <strong>of</strong> 154
Current<br />
25.11.2012: Proposition concerning the simplex method proved.<br />
12.06.2012: Riemann hypothesis disenchanted.<br />
20.10.2011: Publication <strong>of</strong> the e-book "Relil - Religion und Lebensweg".<br />
25.09.2011: Presenting the idea <strong>of</strong> radio computing.<br />
13.02.2011: Presentation <strong>of</strong> the programming concept Stair.<br />
07.12.2010: Definition and localisation <strong>of</strong> consciousness.<br />
12.11.2010: Ch<strong>all</strong>enge <strong>of</strong> several axioms <strong>of</strong> the Euclidean geometry.<br />
05.11.2010: Depiction that the right measure and world view are necessary.<br />
09.10.2010: Evidence that each being-entity is infinite-dimensional and can be imagined from<br />
arbitrarily sm<strong>all</strong> as any-dimensional spheres.<br />
11.09.2010: Pro<strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong> the theoretical equivalence and infinity <strong>of</strong> <strong>all</strong> worlds and the previous<br />
finiteness <strong>of</strong> our world.<br />
30.05.2010: Definition <strong>of</strong> the complex and real numbers.<br />
11.04.2010: Elucidation <strong>of</strong> fast indexing and <strong>of</strong> searching in O(1).<br />
21.03.2010: Presentation <strong>of</strong> the sorting procedure immediate sort.<br />
07.03.2010: Solution <strong>of</strong> the mind-body, qualia, determinism and causality problem.<br />
16.01.2010: Pro<strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong> the minimax-proposition for sets.<br />
27.12.2009: Description <strong>of</strong> the knowledge representation.<br />
23.11.2009: Presentation <strong>of</strong> two models <strong>of</strong> the universe.<br />
24.05.2009: Numbers <strong>of</strong> algebraic numbers now proved.<br />
11.01.2009: Sensational breakthrough in the field <strong>of</strong> transcendent numbers achieved.<br />
15.10.2008: Ambisexuality established and English translation improved.<br />
28.09.2008: I solve the problem <strong>of</strong> the ambisexual personal pronoun in the third person singular.<br />
24.08.2008: I consider how God solves optimisation problems.<br />
20.06.2008: I consider how knowledge is s<strong>to</strong>red.<br />
06.04.2008: I consider details <strong>to</strong> the qualified democracy.<br />
01.12.2007: I convert the homepage <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> PHP and MySQL.<br />
06.11.2007: I build the <strong>font</strong> <strong>font</strong>o.<strong>ttf</strong>.<br />
16.09.2007: I consider new letters <strong>to</strong> the International Phonetic Alphabet.<br />
09.09.2007: I read "Mind Time" by Benjamin Libet.<br />
19.08.2007: I consider n-dimensional letters.<br />
29.07.2007: I consider further issues about the multidimensional time.<br />
17.06.2007: I improve further details <strong>of</strong> the planned language.<br />
05.05.2007: I consider the application <strong>of</strong> the octal principle <strong>to</strong> the planned language.<br />
01.05.2007: I consider the grammar for verbs.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 4 <strong>of</strong> 154
Introduction<br />
What is the aim <strong>of</strong> this homepage?<br />
This homepage is result <strong>of</strong> my independent considerations. The ideas come almost exclusively<br />
from L, for what I gave thanks by service <strong>to</strong> zer. It is <strong>to</strong> a large extent not scientific<strong>all</strong>y<br />
oriented, but sh<strong>all</strong> address a market as wide as possible. The individual web pages are<br />
rather skimped.<br />
Citations <strong>of</strong> other authors are missing. If an author should think, my considerations are zis<br />
then I will insert appropriate citations if ze wants. But it is a bibliography specified that includes<br />
literature in my possession, not the few that I have borrowed.<br />
The homepage attends <strong>to</strong> informatics, linguistics, mathematics, philosophy, physics, politics<br />
and religion.<br />
In the informatics part, I show how radix sort can sort by appropriate s<strong>to</strong>rage support in two<br />
steps and apply it <strong>to</strong> simpler and simpler architectures. Furthermore, the sorting procedure<br />
bitsort is presented as well as fast searching and indexing. Knowledge <strong>of</strong> informatics studies<br />
is helpful. Radio computing enables, by simultaneous radioing on different frequencies, par<strong>all</strong>el<br />
computing through par<strong>all</strong>el communication <strong>of</strong> each memory cell with each other one.<br />
Programming with Stair presents a programming concept for development environments,<br />
with which source codes can be converted <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> ones <strong>of</strong> other programming languages, or<br />
rule-based <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> freely chosen notations. Internet and Co outlines what role the internet could<br />
play in the future, what the multifunction device strap could serve for and what could apply<br />
for transport and machines.<br />
Below linguistics, a binary <strong>font</strong> is presented that goes without keyboard. Furthermore, the<br />
appurtenant planned language Lango is outlined and the <strong>font</strong> <strong>Fon<strong>to</strong></strong> for the International<br />
Phonetic Alphabet presented. The ambisexual grammar for English and German is elucidated<br />
below ambisexuality. The language <strong>of</strong> science <strong>of</strong>fers a linguistic<strong>all</strong>y correct and futureoriented<br />
expression <strong>of</strong> scientific results.<br />
Mathematics treats geometry, equitable distributing, nonstandardanalysis, optimisation, infinite<br />
sets, representations, transcendent numbers and calculation <strong>of</strong> times. The set theory<br />
clarifies how many elements important infinite sets have. The nonstandardanalysis <strong>of</strong>fers<br />
new definitions <strong>to</strong> obtain more precise mathematical statements. For the transcendent numbers<br />
necessary and sufficient criteria are specified. The geometry ch<strong>all</strong>enges several axioms.<br />
Below optimisation I present how L solves optimisation problems. For understanding, knowledge<br />
<strong>of</strong> mathematics studies is necessary. Below representations simplification and exactitude<br />
<strong>of</strong> expressions are weighed against each other. Moreover, there are some examples <strong>of</strong><br />
use for probability calculation at school. Concerning calculation <strong>of</strong> times, I present a new calendar<br />
and a new calculation <strong>of</strong> times based on the octal system and give examples for<br />
whose application <strong>to</strong> length specifications.<br />
Below philosophy, one finds the beginning <strong>of</strong> the reference theory that represents the radix<br />
for the description <strong>of</strong> our world. Below consciousness, this is defined, described and it is outlined,<br />
<strong>of</strong> what we should be aware. In the interview I explain briefly what fascinates me by<br />
philosophy, what I contributed there and how should be philosophised. The problem solutions<br />
contain solutions <strong>to</strong> important philosophical problems. The knowledge representation<br />
happens with information methods on mathematical radix using the substance term.<br />
Below physics in the context <strong>of</strong> youth research 1983, I dealt with selected oscillations <strong>of</strong><br />
mass points in the plane. Here their period time is determined approximately on the basis <strong>of</strong><br />
radius <strong>of</strong> curvature, initial height and backwards pushing force without integration. To under-<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 5 <strong>of</strong> 154
stand, a study <strong>of</strong> mathematics or physics is helpful. There is a test for the mathematical pendulum.<br />
Furthermore, two models <strong>of</strong> the universe are presented and their experimental verifiability<br />
is discussed.<br />
Concerning the issues politics and religion as well as lectures, <strong>see</strong> the sites www.relil.org,<br />
www.relil.eu. www.relil.de and the wiki on www.relil.net.<br />
The sitemap contains also a revisional his<strong>to</strong>ry; the definitions and the glossary list only terms<br />
that are new or are used differently than usual.<br />
And now much pleasure with my homepage!<br />
(It does not depend on the pictures: From the texts peace sh<strong>all</strong> emanate.)<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 6 <strong>of</strong> 154
Informatics<br />
Internet and Co deals with some aspects <strong>of</strong> the future internet: How can examinations be<br />
conducted with the aid <strong>of</strong> the internet? How can an identification (number), the ID, assigned<br />
uniquely <strong>to</strong> each person, usefully be applied in connection with the internet? What types <strong>of</strong><br />
content will be on the internet? How can information user pr<strong>of</strong>iles simplify search processes<br />
on the internet?<br />
What tasks could a multifunction device c<strong>all</strong>ed strap fulfil? What can modern clothes achieve<br />
(for deafblind people)? How can virtual reality be realised (in rooms and in the brain)? How<br />
can goods be transported quickly in future? What are the consequences for pr<strong>of</strong>essions in<br />
the future? What must be in future considered for intelligent machines?<br />
Programming with Stair presents a programming concept for development environments,<br />
with which source codes can be converted <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> ones <strong>of</strong> other programming languages, or<br />
rule-based <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> freely chosen notations. The programming language Clare provided in it is<br />
capable <strong>of</strong> learning (by adding rules and meta-rules) and has activatable (self-) optimisation<br />
algorithms that adapt themselves nearer the time <strong>to</strong> the individual circumstances.<br />
Below sorting and searching an O(1)-sorting algorithm with two steps is presented if the<br />
hardware is not limited. This procedure is adapted <strong>to</strong> different real conditions. By simple<br />
hardware adaption (organisation <strong>of</strong> memory locations preferably as tree <strong>of</strong> degree 2 t with<br />
natural t) an O(n)-procedure (bitsort) can be specified for n successively read input values.<br />
Furthermore is described how one can fast index and search in O(1).<br />
Radio computing enables, by simultaneous radioing on different frequencies, par<strong>all</strong>el computing<br />
through par<strong>all</strong>el communication <strong>of</strong> each memory cell with each other one. Thus, n values<br />
can be sorted in O(1), the indexing <strong>of</strong> database tables becomes widely obsolete. Networking<br />
and cloud computing solve with radio technology various problems much faster than<br />
before, what can be accessed comfortably at home.<br />
L can solve <strong>all</strong> problems <strong>of</strong> any world in a higher world at one go by singling out those from<br />
<strong>all</strong> possible solutions with recording the solution formations by (comparative) sorting that satisfy<br />
the solution criteria. On substantial comparisons can largely be foregone by gödelisation.<br />
Consequently, <strong>all</strong> problems are for zer in the same complexity class O(1).<br />
Ze does not get around the formation <strong>of</strong> <strong>all</strong> possibilities, since crucial problems are irreducible<br />
in terms <strong>of</strong> complexity. For our (finite) world, this means that in it crucial problems are not<br />
solvable. This does not mean, however, that we cannot solve the problems important for us,<br />
but only, that we cannot answer <strong>all</strong> scientific questions.<br />
Theorem: All problems <strong>of</strong> a finite world can be solved in O(1).<br />
Pro<strong>of</strong>: Conditions are checked by inserting the complete solution space <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> the conditions at<br />
once, possibly by par<strong>all</strong>el processing. Calculations are accelerated by summarising calculation<br />
steps. Continued summarising yields an over<strong>all</strong> calculation step. Hence the claim follows,<br />
since every finite solution space can also be constructed in one step.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 7 <strong>of</strong> 154
Radio Computing<br />
How can a memory cell communicate with as many other ones by radio chips at different<br />
frequencies in order <strong>to</strong> support par<strong>all</strong>el computing? How can in this way sorting <strong>of</strong> n values<br />
be improved from O(n log n) <strong>to</strong> O(1) and thus the indexing <strong>of</strong> tables in databases become<br />
obsolete?<br />
If each radio chip transmits (simultaneously) at the frequency that corresponds <strong>to</strong> the value,<br />
transformed <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> the sm<strong>all</strong>est positive natural interval valid for <strong>all</strong> values, <strong>of</strong> the associated<br />
memory cell, then the counterpart stations receive these new values sorted in O(1) and they<br />
can output them in O(1), if they are hierarchic<strong>all</strong>y organised as a binary tree, while first the 0node<br />
and then the 1-node sends <strong>to</strong> its parent node.<br />
If the parent node is still not taken, it s<strong>to</strong>res the value <strong>of</strong> the 0-node. For each free further<br />
parent node, the procedure is the same and the 1-node is pulled behind. This is al<strong>to</strong>gether<br />
possible in O(log n), thus enabling an output <strong>of</strong> <strong>all</strong> nodes by traversing the resulting binary<br />
tree in O(n). Equal values are first made different by appending a sequence number in O(n).<br />
It is clear that the radio distances depend only on the size <strong>of</strong> the radio chips and that the radio<br />
must not be disturbed from the outside. Here weak (if need be shielded) signals and a<br />
predetermined frequency range are advisable. Possibly, first an implementation in datacentres<br />
is provided, as long as the radio chips are still relatively large, but this is for example not<br />
a big problem because <strong>of</strong> the increasing cloud computing.<br />
For fewer frequencies than values <strong>to</strong> be transmitted, use FSO or microwaves, or double the<br />
number <strong>of</strong> transmission runs for each additional bit. If the frequency values are sm<strong>all</strong>er than<br />
the values <strong>to</strong> be transmitted, so another transmission run for the subsequent sorting is necessary,<br />
for every transcending by a further frequency range. If applicable, for addition<strong>all</strong>y<br />
occurring values, overflow areas are advisable (e.g. for table queries).<br />
If one arranges the radio chips in a straight line, and puts in each case two <strong>of</strong> these lines<br />
crosswise one above the other, they can, if they are confronted with, send without intersection,<br />
and one gets along with one or few frequencies. Thus, k + 1 tables can be joined in a<br />
query in O(1) instead <strong>of</strong> O(n log k n). However, the necessity for serial processing sets limits<br />
<strong>to</strong> the par<strong>all</strong>el (radio) computing.<br />
The radio technology can also be used <strong>to</strong> implement par<strong>all</strong>el transmission <strong>of</strong> par<strong>all</strong>el adders<br />
or other (linear) arithmetic operations (e.g. comparisons). In conjunction with networks and<br />
fast data transmission (e.g. DSL), it can be par<strong>all</strong>el calculated in combination (e.g. <strong>to</strong> solve<br />
(linear) optimisation problems in linear time). Also associative problems can be par<strong>all</strong>el<br />
solved (better than in the brain).<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 8 <strong>of</strong> 154
Internet and Co<br />
Exams<br />
To guaranty the authenticity <strong>of</strong> information (e.g. for exams), appropriate safety mechanisms<br />
are necessary. The authentication can be done by biometric procedures. Supervised computers<br />
are suitable as the only fore<strong>see</strong>able inexpensive solutions. Unsupervised computers<br />
can be easily outwitted since information can be channelled in from unwanted side (e.g. human<br />
or computer).<br />
The supervised computers must be able <strong>to</strong> identify, s<strong>to</strong>re and display for usage the brought<br />
along <strong>all</strong>owed additive information as such and <strong>to</strong> prevent or <strong>to</strong> channel the access <strong>to</strong> the<br />
internet specific<strong>all</strong>y. For this purpose, both appropriate standards and intelligent verification<br />
methods are <strong>to</strong> develop if one wants <strong>to</strong> accomplish a certain comfort.<br />
A simple way is <strong>to</strong> specify the <strong>all</strong>owed URLs for the browser. Au<strong>to</strong>matic image recognition<br />
procedures that can filter out undesirable sites are not suitable because the sites can be<br />
coded and the velocity <strong>of</strong> decoding is the problem. Thus, only sites that have a fixed incorruptible<br />
authorship and no hidden areas come <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> question.<br />
A reliable control can only be ensured if the assignment <strong>of</strong> URL and content can not be manipulated<br />
(beware <strong>of</strong> generic URLs). The brought along additional information may be protected<br />
by appropriate passwords (exam on the internet) and decrypted before the exam. The<br />
cus<strong>to</strong>mising <strong>of</strong> programs for additional information must not take up <strong>to</strong>o much time.<br />
For this purpose, pr<strong>of</strong>iles <strong>of</strong> the programs should be able <strong>to</strong> be safely s<strong>to</strong>red passwordprotected<br />
that will only need <strong>to</strong> be imported (requires appropriate programming <strong>of</strong> the programmes).<br />
If the internet should evolve <strong>to</strong> the extent that there every program is available,<br />
this problem is omitted. This is certainly desirable since special knowledge is <strong>to</strong> test as a rule<br />
by special programmes, <strong>to</strong>o.<br />
Programmes that cannot be c<strong>all</strong>ed up via internet may, however, be c<strong>all</strong>ed up via appropriate<br />
controlled remote connections (velocity should be no longer a problem in the future). It is<br />
more difficult when the exam situation requires special hardware (such as surgery). There<br />
will always be exams that are <strong>to</strong> be conducted only at certain places. Most exams can be yet<br />
realised with standard equipment.<br />
Is knowledge from certain time units in demand, a questionnaire is appropriate that, varied at<br />
given times, the examinees have <strong>to</strong> answer at the same time. For the success, a certain percentage<br />
<strong>of</strong> correct answers for individual fields may be demanded, which can vary depending<br />
on the field. Multiple-choice questions facilitate the evaluation on the computer, as long as<br />
the au<strong>to</strong>matic language comprehension is limited.<br />
For exams via internet, the result <strong>of</strong> the au<strong>to</strong>matic evaluation can be made public immediately<br />
after the end <strong>of</strong> the exam time. The exam possibilities and fairness require in any case<br />
sometime the internet: Nobody can be expected <strong>to</strong> have retained <strong>all</strong> needed knowledge in<br />
memory. The irreplaceable accomplishment <strong>of</strong> man is in the creative and information connecting<br />
field.<br />
To protect the personality <strong>of</strong> the examinee, it may be necessary <strong>to</strong> conduct exams on the<br />
internet anonymously. For this purpose, the testing centre should <strong>of</strong>fer signatures on the<br />
internet that are available after selection by the examinee only <strong>to</strong> this <strong>to</strong> identify himself. Furthermore,<br />
the testing centre should <strong>of</strong>fer anonymous (temporary) email accounts under that<br />
the examinee can view the exam result with the signature and a password.<br />
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Email<br />
Votings on the internet are also easily possible if the identity <strong>of</strong> the voter can be uniquely<br />
clarified. Everybody should get assigned at birth a free e-mail account <strong>to</strong> that <strong>all</strong> emails are<br />
sent, needing a unique identification <strong>of</strong> the recipient. This email account would have even a<br />
higher status than the letterbox, concerning security aspects.<br />
It could be (also) managed till the early infancy by the legal guardians. For this purpose,<br />
every person would have <strong>to</strong> have internet access in case <strong>of</strong> need. This could be inst<strong>all</strong>ed in<br />
public authorities. Their employees would then have <strong>to</strong> help those in the operating that alone<br />
are not in a position <strong>to</strong> do so. The operating must be possible voice-operated in the future<br />
without a keyboard having <strong>to</strong> be used.<br />
Each person should also be assigned at birth a worldwide unique identification (number) that<br />
can be pronounced as a name (<strong>see</strong> linguistics) and serves <strong>of</strong>fici<strong>all</strong>y as such. This also serves<br />
as a signature <strong>of</strong> important documents. It is <strong>to</strong> consider whether this ID is uniquely generated<br />
from biometric data that do not change during life. Simpler is the query in a safe database.<br />
The consequential use <strong>of</strong> the ID also <strong>all</strong>ows finding certain contents about oneself quickly<br />
and reliably on the internet. With increasing improvement <strong>of</strong> spam protection the email account<br />
assigned at birth can be linked <strong>to</strong> the ID uniquely and for everybody recognisably: e.g.<br />
[ID]@mail.world. Each person should be provided with a free web space where ze can present<br />
zerself.<br />
Contents<br />
This should, for example, be accessible at www.[ID].net.world and free <strong>of</strong> unwanted content.<br />
Over this administra<strong>to</strong>rs watch that are appointed by the future world government. Each<br />
presentation should be drafted in the future world language, so that everybody can easily<br />
and quickly get an idea. For the <strong>of</strong>ficial part an obliga<strong>to</strong>ry pr<strong>of</strong>ile can be made. It may be<br />
linked <strong>to</strong> unobjectionable private home pages.<br />
People who do not want <strong>to</strong> position own content are represented by minimal content as they<br />
among others e. g. can be found in an identity card. Everybody is <strong>to</strong> be enlightened about zis<br />
s<strong>to</strong>red data and their location. When creating one’s own content the authorities assist within<br />
their means. What can be listed by a uniform questionnaire everybody can demand (even in<br />
part) as content.<br />
A worldwide valid law determines the volume <strong>of</strong> the minimum contents. It is conceivable, for<br />
example, that publicly only ID and nationality may be published. Since nationality in the future<br />
plays a less and less important role in view <strong>of</strong> the world civil society, it is quite conceivable<br />
that the law only the ID views as liable <strong>to</strong> publication. One only knows then that this ID<br />
exists, but no more.<br />
The principle <strong>of</strong> equality has no bite here since each person must be able <strong>to</strong> determine by<br />
himself <strong>to</strong> what extent ze wants <strong>to</strong> represent zerself in the public. Authorities are entitled <strong>to</strong><br />
attend their duties by s<strong>to</strong>ring much more data concerning an ID. Everybody can only demand<br />
within the valid laws <strong>to</strong> view the data s<strong>to</strong>red about zer. Sufficient data privacy is always <strong>to</strong><br />
guarantee.<br />
Who publishes data on www.[ID].net.world assents explicitly that the data may be used for <strong>all</strong><br />
legal purposes. This includes in particular the au<strong>to</strong>mated processing. Each person is <strong>to</strong> be<br />
informed about what can be done with zis data theoretic<strong>all</strong>y and practic<strong>all</strong>y, so that ze receives<br />
a comprehensive idea and can realise the scope <strong>of</strong> zis decision.<br />
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The right <strong>to</strong> freedom <strong>of</strong> self-expression includes that the published data have not <strong>to</strong> be truthful.<br />
This should be clear <strong>to</strong> everybody. Nobody can demand a correction. Nobody can also<br />
demand that somebody corrects the truthful data published elsewhere if the privacy rights <strong>of</strong><br />
the described are not violated.<br />
Is somebody public figure, ze can defend zerself <strong>to</strong> a lesser extent against depictions <strong>of</strong><br />
zerself since the legitimate interest <strong>of</strong> the general public can conflict with zis personality<br />
rights. A core <strong>of</strong> individual rights but always remains inviolable since the dignity <strong>of</strong> man must<br />
be respected. The laws <strong>of</strong> world government regulate particulars and this is not <strong>to</strong> be subject<br />
here.<br />
A person may reply fictitious statements about facts concerning zerself with a counter statement,<br />
which has <strong>to</strong> be published also on the internet, regardless <strong>of</strong> its truthfulness at the<br />
place <strong>of</strong> its occurrence. It does not matter how many times the homepage is c<strong>all</strong>ed. Will the<br />
depiction be sufficiently corrected or be withdrawn, the right <strong>to</strong> publish the counter statement<br />
expires.<br />
The freedom <strong>of</strong> publication <strong>all</strong>ows that publications about a described person have not <strong>to</strong> be<br />
notified <strong>to</strong> this person, since ze can easily browse the internet because <strong>of</strong> zis ID for depictions<br />
<strong>of</strong> zis person by zerself. If the described person wants <strong>to</strong> be informed about this, one<br />
should be in keeping with this wish by mailing <strong>to</strong> zis wished email address since this does not<br />
represent a significant expense.<br />
Mobile internet reception should be possible: via satellite or sufficiently densely distributed<br />
hotspots etc. The control <strong>of</strong> the internet should be possible by language (headset), data<br />
gloves and eye movements. The moni<strong>to</strong>r is replaced by semi-transparent <strong>to</strong> switch data<br />
glasses (with prompter), whereby for each eye contents <strong>of</strong> various kinds can be <strong>see</strong>n - even<br />
for 3D representations <strong>of</strong> the same content.<br />
On the internet one can arrange radio broadcasts in future on one’s own. Newscasts can be<br />
specific<strong>all</strong>y read <strong>to</strong> (by a female, male or child's voice). In so doing, one can select specific<strong>all</strong>y<br />
the speaker's voice (e.g. <strong>of</strong> the partner). Pieces <strong>of</strong> music can be selected specific<strong>all</strong>y or<br />
pools. The cost is comparable <strong>to</strong> that <strong>of</strong> sound radio or television broadcasting. One can create<br />
programs for others.<br />
These can be combined with own broadcasts (going live with a microphone or webcam). Examples<br />
are own concerts or play stagings, art exhibitions with virtual <strong>to</strong>urs and explanations,<br />
(collective) karaoke, commercial spots for own products, workshops or conference circuits.<br />
Since the future on the internet is multimedia, much is thinkable right up <strong>to</strong> the 3D film.<br />
With the increasing development <strong>of</strong> speech recognition and translation programs au<strong>to</strong>matic<br />
simultaneous translations via internet are imaginable – by being delayed introduction <strong>of</strong> the<br />
worldwide uniform planned language. The more intelligent the programs are, the more likely<br />
they can correct an error in speaking, and, if necessary, interpose explanations. It remains <strong>of</strong><br />
course reserved <strong>to</strong> the internet user what ze permits or initiates au<strong>to</strong>nomously.<br />
In order <strong>to</strong> simplify the search processes, the existing idea <strong>of</strong> au<strong>to</strong>nomously <strong>see</strong>king agents<br />
is extended <strong>to</strong> (standardised) information user pr<strong>of</strong>iles that specify the wishes <strong>of</strong> the user for<br />
a site, and <strong>to</strong> which then each site can react by corresponding queries and displaying only or<br />
primarily the desired contents. For this purpose, the programming language PHP, for example,<br />
or the browser could be extended.<br />
The web site content would be <strong>to</strong> categorise smartly and could be queried by these categories.<br />
The browser should be able <strong>to</strong> summarise the contents that are scattered across several<br />
sites, on one site <strong>to</strong> obtain a clear representation. On<strong>to</strong>logy concepts should be included<br />
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meaningfully (e.g. through on terms formulated query rules that browser and PHP then<br />
evaluate).<br />
The advantages <strong>of</strong> this approach are in the free determination <strong>of</strong> categories that have not <strong>to</strong><br />
occur in the site and also can consist <strong>of</strong> whole sentences and <strong>of</strong> rules that can be complex,<br />
without extending the search time significantly. Since queries are based on searching in<br />
sorted data, suitable data s<strong>to</strong>rage is <strong>to</strong> choose, as sorting and reference theory with substances<br />
and references suggest.<br />
Strap, clothes and virtual reality<br />
Portable computers can be connected <strong>to</strong> the so-c<strong>all</strong>ed strap, which as a multi-function device<br />
serves for authentication, is worn like a watch and takes over whose functions with display,<br />
option <strong>to</strong> telephone and key function. The functions <strong>of</strong> the strap can be currently (partly) enabled<br />
or disabled: through language or <strong>to</strong>uch. The strap has integrated a simple computer.<br />
It works even without a computer connection, replacing an implanted chip. When it is laid<br />
down, an alarm can be prepared that is triggered when it is not activated in a specified period<br />
again in a certain way. Certain functions should be always disabled for security reasons if the<br />
strap is laid down. The alarm can let send the integrated transmitter messages <strong>to</strong> the security<br />
forces.<br />
One can also justify the strap so that the events <strong>of</strong> the last few hours around its wearer are<br />
recorded (black-box function). This recording can be sent out when an alarm occurs or at the<br />
request <strong>of</strong> the wearer. In order that criminals have no possibility <strong>to</strong> s<strong>to</strong>p the transfer process,<br />
a running transfer <strong>to</strong> a secure computer can happen or the transmission must be sufficiently<br />
quick.<br />
Since the coordinates <strong>of</strong> the wearer are also transferred, the last place <strong>of</strong> residence prior <strong>to</strong> a<br />
possible kidnapping is always known. Versions <strong>of</strong> the strap may also be used as an electronic<br />
tag. Everyone should consider precisely what functions <strong>of</strong> the strap are enabled or<br />
disabled, since many conclusions regarding his behaviour are possible – be the (encrypted)<br />
transfer even so secure.<br />
Modern clothes can also contribute <strong>to</strong> the information transfer: So information can be absorbed<br />
with the body surface as a pattern <strong>of</strong> different pressures or different temperatures.<br />
Thus, images and language become easily transferable <strong>to</strong> deafblind. If the habiliment is connected<br />
with rangefinder or correspondent image analysis s<strong>of</strong>tware, even the white cane can<br />
be dropped.<br />
Connecting the habiliment with other measuring devices, e.g. magnetic fields, pollutant concentrations<br />
can be inconspicuously evaluated and everything else, what can be measured as<br />
scaled substance or evaluated by programmes (for example fluctuations in the voice or skin<br />
or eye contact <strong>of</strong> the counterpart, which can give hints on certain emotional states).<br />
If the habiliment is programmable - input via voice, <strong>to</strong>uch or evaluation <strong>of</strong> the viewing direction,<br />
the measured variables can be easily changed. Imagination about what can be measured<br />
has no limits. A connection <strong>to</strong> the internet and databases increases the information<br />
available again. However, prices also will rise with the requirements - and decrease with a<br />
high number <strong>of</strong> units again.<br />
The path <strong>to</strong> virtual reality can lead in rooms (CAVE) in addition <strong>to</strong> projection procedures on<strong>to</strong><br />
suitable coated surfaces - whereby a computer computes the image <strong>to</strong> project for objects<br />
existing in the room (compensation <strong>of</strong> dis<strong>to</strong>rtion) - also via programmable w<strong>all</strong>paper that can<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 12 <strong>of</strong> 154
e operated like the clothes above. Even 3D effects can be achieved by this (higher dimensions<br />
as a projection).<br />
The surfaces <strong>of</strong> the room can be segmented at work for different contents and can be individu<strong>all</strong>y<br />
addressed. Given these possibilities, the inability <strong>of</strong> man for par<strong>all</strong>el processing becomes<br />
displeasingly noticeable. As long as ze is not a cyborg, ze remains reliant on computer<br />
assistance. Direct influence on the brain is therefore so attractive because impressions<br />
have not <strong>to</strong> be communicated materi<strong>all</strong>y (sensory organs).<br />
Transport and machines<br />
In order <strong>to</strong> transport goods quickly and reliably from warehouses and collecting points <strong>to</strong> the<br />
consumers, partly underground express connections are established. The volume <strong>of</strong> goods is<br />
not more than 0.125 cubic metres (0.5 m) 3 since bigger goods can be transported slower.<br />
Computers compute optimal network utilisation and collision avoidance. They also inform<br />
technicians about occurred jams.<br />
Type <strong>of</strong> transport could be for example magnetic suspension technology in combination with<br />
vacuum tunnels. The goods may be collected and posted at easily accessible shipping<br />
points. Whether will be transported partly (with a different technology) <strong>to</strong> the households<br />
must be reconsidered. Foods can be, for example, centr<strong>all</strong>y prepared at the collecting points.<br />
By centralising also unusual wishes can be fulfilled.<br />
The individual containers for the transport can be streamlined. Integrated chips control the<br />
unmanned system. Only a few minutes pass by between order and delivery. The transport<br />
fees are low in relation <strong>to</strong> the value <strong>of</strong> the goods if the containers are filled well: driving<br />
should be more expensive. Many occupations that we know <strong>to</strong>day will vanish or are performed<br />
by robots or computers.<br />
Only where complicated conversations with people arise, where creative performance, years<br />
<strong>of</strong> experience and special skills are needed, where must be complexly organised and coordinated,<br />
man is still in demand. Physical work and everything, for what rules can be laid down,<br />
is vulnerable <strong>to</strong> replacement. Our world will be <strong>to</strong> manage with much less people. However,<br />
the needs will considerable increase.<br />
The differences between man and machine will wane more and more: human beings will<br />
have properties <strong>of</strong> machines and vice versa. Man will die if ze wants <strong>to</strong>: <strong>to</strong> get <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> the subsequent<br />
world - at a point <strong>of</strong> time which ze has chosen. Fatal accidents will continue <strong>to</strong> occur<br />
- but more rarely. The question for the domination through the machines will arise: concerning<br />
this, man, however, will find a solution.<br />
The solution is control and moni<strong>to</strong>ring. The information that accumulates in a machine is<br />
checked by appropriate programs. Certain functions in a machine may not be disabled without<br />
disabling the machine itself. With this, an interdiction <strong>of</strong> coding in certain areas is associated,<br />
respectively that what is coded, must be able <strong>to</strong> be decoded simultaneously by certain<br />
programs.<br />
Machines need a central, unforgeable and by rota <strong>to</strong> renew approval that can be checked up<br />
at any time - like the over<strong>all</strong> status <strong>of</strong> the machine. Simpler checkups must be possible by<br />
owner and police, complex ones may be reserved for specialists. There have <strong>to</strong> be enacted<br />
laws against criminality committed by machines that hold manipula<strong>to</strong>rs and owners responsible.<br />
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Programming with Stair<br />
Stair is a programming concept for development environments and stands for standardised<br />
transformation after individual rules. It provides a programming language Clare (coding language<br />
after rule environment), which is capable <strong>of</strong> learning (by adding rules and meta-rules)<br />
and where activatable (self-) optimisation algorithms are available that adapt themselves<br />
nearer the time <strong>to</strong> the individual circumstances and are so complex as their intelligence<br />
yields, or a reasonable behaviour <strong>of</strong> the running time and an acceptable effort suggests.<br />
Its rule-based individual notation can be, within the feasible scope, freely chosen and is recorded<br />
in (per programming language used) exchangeable modules, which are collected in a<br />
rule environment. It can be, as far as possible, transformed <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> any other feasible notation<br />
(also <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> a general standard), comfortably after individu<strong>all</strong>y selected rules, in order <strong>to</strong> share<br />
it with others. Coding suggestions can be easily selected in the IDE.<br />
By appropriate selecting its modules, it can be kept lean. The use <strong>of</strong> sample code <strong>of</strong> the target<br />
programming language, which can be, for example, received via the internet, enables<br />
also realising code, for that (yet) no favourable rules exist. Since source code is used, the<br />
string operations insert, delete and replace are sufficient as basic operations. Modularisation<br />
and text editing can also be au<strong>to</strong>mated in the target programming language.<br />
Discussion: Stair is interesting if source code is <strong>to</strong> be converted (on a large scale) at pace<br />
<strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> other programming languages, for example, because these have advanced concepts, if<br />
the own notation is <strong>to</strong> be maintained for different programming languages, as possible, for<br />
example, because they are shorter, or in order <strong>to</strong> do not need <strong>to</strong> adjust oneself, or <strong>to</strong> optimise<br />
code, or <strong>to</strong> prove its correctness with further <strong>to</strong>ols.<br />
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Sorting and Searching<br />
Is sorting <strong>of</strong> values in O(1) possible? Yes it is, in two steps.<br />
Suppose we had no hardware restrictions: The memory be organised in the form <strong>of</strong> a tree <strong>of</strong><br />
degree k and have k m+1 memory locations with k m+1 = 2 h with natural h. Each memory location<br />
can s<strong>to</strong>re every value <strong>to</strong> be sorted completely. Do values exist multiply, be a consecutive<br />
index attached <strong>to</strong> every value, both constituting the new value. Each value be coded in the ksystem<br />
and let w. l. o. g. maximum k m values <strong>to</strong> be sorted.<br />
K m data lines branch from the root, each k m-1 from the two successors, each k m-2 from whose<br />
successors etc. Each z-th intermediate node corresponds hierarchic<strong>all</strong>y with the z-th digit in<br />
the k-system <strong>of</strong> the value <strong>to</strong> be sorted. In the leaves alternatively the addresses <strong>of</strong> the values<br />
instead <strong>of</strong> the values themselves can be s<strong>to</strong>red. Then, in one step, <strong>all</strong> the values can be<br />
s<strong>to</strong>red in the leaves and in a further one fetched back sorted in the root. It is sufficient <strong>to</strong><br />
move the values so far <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> the tree until they separate.<br />
Have we now a limit <strong>of</strong> one data line per memory location, the values must be read in succession.<br />
The attaching <strong>of</strong> an index for multiple values can now be dropped since multiple<br />
values can be managed in a separate list. Every intermediate node memorises which values<br />
went through it by setting the corresponding bit for each value <strong>to</strong> 1. This bit is set <strong>to</strong> 0 if the<br />
intermediate node has no successors <strong>to</strong> read anymore. One starts with the sm<strong>all</strong>est value at<br />
a time for ascending sorting order, with the largest for a descending one.<br />
It results the complexity O(n) (s<strong>to</strong>ring, testing the successor, masking the bits, reading). If an<br />
additional value is <strong>to</strong> sort, an additional complexity <strong>of</strong> O(log n) arises (binary search in a<br />
sorted list). If d data lines are used, decreases the complexity <strong>of</strong> sorting by a fac<strong>to</strong>r 1/d. If the<br />
values are g-times as long as a memory location can contain, the complexity increases by a<br />
fac<strong>to</strong>r g.<br />
If the memory is not organised as a tree <strong>of</strong> degree k, the complexity increases by a fac<strong>to</strong>r<br />
logkn because then each intermediate node <strong>to</strong> a value must be read. The more one can find<br />
<strong>of</strong> a tree <strong>of</strong> degree k in the memory organisation, the lower is the complexity. If the first k p<br />
memory locations should be used otherwise, so <strong>all</strong> intermediate nodes <strong>of</strong> the p-th level are <strong>to</strong><br />
search. The complexity increases thereby margin<strong>all</strong>y if the memory is filled good, but otherwise<br />
accordingly more with the worst-case fac<strong>to</strong>r O(k p ).<br />
Currently viable, non-par<strong>all</strong>el sorting algorithms, based on the swapping <strong>of</strong> the n input values,<br />
have a complexity <strong>of</strong> O(n log n). This value can be significantly underbid as described<br />
by the procedure following radix sort.<br />
In the following the optimal sort algorithm bitsort is presented. It sorts stable with at <strong>all</strong> times<br />
equal time complexity O(n) and needs O(n) additional s<strong>to</strong>rage space. Here is assumed that<br />
the comparison <strong>of</strong> two values needs the time complexity O(1), the values are present as bit<br />
sequence and <strong>all</strong> bits <strong>of</strong> a value can be also processed in O(1). It is furthermore presupposed<br />
that the s<strong>to</strong>rage is realised as binary tree and the path from root <strong>to</strong> leaf can be run through<br />
also in O(1). If p is the number <strong>of</strong> par<strong>all</strong>el steps for par<strong>all</strong>el bitsort, so the time complexity is<br />
O(n/p).<br />
Once a value has been processed, the values inserted so far are available sorted. Inserting<br />
an additional value has the time complexity O(1). After each insertion, the m values can be<br />
output with time complexity O(m). The s<strong>to</strong>rage must be provided with a certain own intelligence:<br />
Each s<strong>to</strong>rage node must be able <strong>to</strong> s<strong>to</strong>re the value that reaches it independently and<br />
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<strong>to</strong> pass it <strong>to</strong> the next s<strong>to</strong>rage node, if it was already visited, resp. <strong>to</strong> give it back <strong>to</strong> the central<br />
unit, if it was still not visited, after it s<strong>to</strong>red the value. The next s<strong>to</strong>rage node at each time results<br />
from the corresponding bit <strong>of</strong> the value within the s<strong>to</strong>rage hierarchy.<br />
The bits <strong>of</strong> a value are at each time - beginning with the leading bit - processed as long until<br />
a difference <strong>to</strong> the compared value or equality is certain. Every value is compared with a binary<br />
tree whose root represents the most significant bit <strong>of</strong> the value. In each leaf <strong>of</strong> the binary<br />
tree reached by comparison, the most significant bit is set 1. At the end <strong>of</strong> the comparisons<br />
with the value, a leaf s<strong>to</strong>res either the number <strong>of</strong> the values for this leaf, the address <strong>of</strong><br />
a list that contains the addresses for this value, or, if the bits <strong>of</strong> the value were still not processed<br />
completely, the value itself or the bit rest. The bit chain is always then broken up at the<br />
position where a leaf is built. Very many bits <strong>of</strong> the same value can be s<strong>to</strong>red with their number.<br />
This is advisable, for example, for floating point numbers in exponential representation.<br />
The lists can be summarised <strong>to</strong> one list, if every entry refers <strong>to</strong> its successor (predecessor) <strong>of</strong><br />
the same value resp. <strong>to</strong> null, if there is none.<br />
In <strong>all</strong> the sorting procedures in that values are sorted with a bit length <strong>of</strong> l = q a with address<br />
length a, the time complexity increases per value from O(1) <strong>to</strong> O(q). If O(r) is the average<br />
value <strong>of</strong> O(q), thus in the time complexity <strong>of</strong> the sorting procedure at least one O(n) is <strong>to</strong> be<br />
replaced by O(r n). If s is the average <strong>of</strong> the number <strong>of</strong> different (!) values that end up in a<br />
bucket after sorting up <strong>to</strong> bit length a and whose bit length is greater than a, then the time<br />
complexity <strong>of</strong> the sorting procedure is O((log s + r) n). The mentioned values <strong>of</strong> a bucket are<br />
s<strong>to</strong>red per bucket in an AVL tree (or in a B-tree, if they are s<strong>to</strong>red in a relatively slower external<br />
memory with respect <strong>to</strong> the main memory). There is worked each time always only with<br />
the significant part value <strong>of</strong> address length <strong>of</strong> a value.<br />
If one forgoes that the values <strong>of</strong> each processing <strong>of</strong> a value are present completely sorted,<br />
then the time complexity O(r n) can be maintained for the complete sorting by using two areas<br />
<strong>of</strong> main memory. The values are first sorted up <strong>to</strong> address length <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> buckets and then<br />
further sorted address length for address length (i.e. part value for part value), bucket for<br />
bucket. The processing <strong>of</strong> the values whose part value previously processed is equal is<br />
counted as one run. It is presupposed here that reading and writing <strong>of</strong> the part values <strong>of</strong> a<br />
value and its address on <strong>all</strong> runs are on average completely counted as O(r).<br />
The second area <strong>of</strong> main memory is deleted after each run <strong>to</strong> be available for the next run,<br />
until the bucket is processed. In<strong>to</strong> the first area <strong>of</strong> main memory, always only the addresses<br />
in the current sort sequence are written back, before the values with equal part value just<br />
processed are further sorted. Each value is <strong>to</strong> be s<strong>to</strong>red contiguously in memory, so that can<br />
be accessed quickly <strong>to</strong> any part value. About the time complexity can be admittedly argued.<br />
The values <strong>of</strong> a bucket and <strong>all</strong> the addresses should fit <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> the main memory <strong>to</strong> avoid relatively<br />
long loading times.<br />
Both procedures can be combined well: First the O(r n)-procedure for master data, then the<br />
O((log s + r) n)-procedure for transaction data. Sorted data can be s<strong>to</strong>red in O(n) in main<br />
memory and AVL- resp. B-tree. Thus especi<strong>all</strong>y indices can be quickly built for non-indexed<br />
columns in database queries. For large tables, it makes a significant difference, whether an<br />
index is built in O(r n) instead <strong>of</strong> O(r n log n), and then a value can be searched on average<br />
in O(log s + r) instead <strong>of</strong> O(log n + r) or worse. Using skilfully a sufficiently large main memory<br />
several indexes can easily be kept simultaneously. For numbers, r is usu<strong>all</strong>y quite sm<strong>all</strong>,<br />
depending on the accuracy, and s also for a corresponding distribution. The same is true for<br />
(compressed) words, if the memory size corresponds <strong>to</strong> that <strong>of</strong> <strong>to</strong>day commerci<strong>all</strong>y available<br />
computers. Sorting by merging <strong>of</strong> arbitrarily many sorted lists is also possible in O(r n).<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 16 <strong>of</strong> 154
Discussion <strong>of</strong> bitsort: It is well suited for par<strong>all</strong>el programming and stable. It is optimal under<br />
the presuppositions made. Bitsort does only what is absolutely required, it is optimal for the<br />
rapid ongoing building <strong>of</strong> indices in (relatively fast growing) databases and for searching (<strong>see</strong><br />
below). Search trees need not <strong>to</strong> be balanced. It beats for values with relatively few bits<br />
(maxim<strong>all</strong>y address length) and corresponding hardware <strong>all</strong> sorting procedures known <strong>to</strong> me,<br />
if the values have <strong>to</strong> be read successively. One should consider carefully whether an adaptation<br />
<strong>of</strong> the hardware pays <strong>of</strong>f <strong>to</strong> achieve the described time complexity. The implementation<br />
<strong>of</strong> an appropriate memory with relatively low intelligence is admittedly simple and saves more<br />
complex processors, but by using sufficiently many <strong>of</strong> these or par<strong>all</strong>el processing (e.g. par<strong>all</strong>el<br />
use <strong>of</strong> memory areas) the term log r in O(r n) can be made less than 1.<br />
In support <strong>of</strong> sorting and searching in heterogeneous (distributed) databases (for instance <strong>of</strong><br />
different database models), a database query language can be used that <strong>all</strong>ows a unified<br />
data manipulation, with the aid <strong>of</strong> dynamic<strong>all</strong>y generated data structures from these (e.g.<br />
under a uniform interface), as long as the records have a somehow similar structure. It can<br />
decide dynamic<strong>all</strong>y, based on corresponding demands (possibly anticipa<strong>to</strong>rily), which manipulation<br />
steps are <strong>to</strong> be performed. It must be provided only with the corresponding memory<br />
information <strong>of</strong> the databases with the setup <strong>of</strong> the database structures.<br />
Changes <strong>of</strong> the programme code and data (such as the integration <strong>of</strong> further databases) at<br />
run time can be provided, if sufficient security mechanisms (including authorisation checking<br />
and setting locks) are available. The indices may be built up, for example par<strong>all</strong>el or on times<br />
<strong>of</strong> low charge, depending on their size, with different data structures - adapted <strong>to</strong> the individual<br />
presentation <strong>of</strong> the problem or optimised. Possibly a temporary merging or par<strong>all</strong>el accessing<br />
is sufficient. High-octane standards can facilitate the implementation <strong>of</strong> such a database<br />
language clearly.<br />
Outlook on the graph theory: Let n be the number <strong>of</strong> nodes <strong>of</strong> a finite simple connected<br />
graph. (If it is not simple, <strong>all</strong>ow by sorting out in O(n) only the sm<strong>all</strong>est par<strong>all</strong>el edge and no<br />
loops. If it is not connected, remove in O(n) <strong>all</strong> isolated nodes.) Since sorting and par<strong>all</strong>el<br />
adding and comparing is possible in O(1), Dijkstra's algorithm yields each time a shortest<br />
path in it in at most O(n), if negative weights are excluded. How can we compute in it a minimum<br />
and a maximum spanning tree in O(n log n) or even in O(log n)?<br />
Let each node correspond <strong>to</strong> a different natural number. Then the edges that spring from it<br />
can be each time par<strong>all</strong>el sorted in at most O(n) or O(1). Let be <strong>all</strong> edges coloured white at<br />
the beginning. Each node adds the sm<strong>all</strong>er and then the greater number <strong>of</strong> the nodes involved<br />
<strong>of</strong> the edge with the sm<strong>all</strong>est weight <strong>of</strong> <strong>all</strong> white-coloured edges <strong>to</strong> this bit by bit as<br />
value that spring from it and s<strong>to</strong>res the sm<strong>all</strong>est value that reaches it. This is at most O(n) or<br />
O(1) possible. Then, each node has one nearest adjacent node and the edges, each consisting<br />
<strong>of</strong> two nodes <strong>of</strong> the same minimum spanning tree, are coloured black. This is also at<br />
most O(n) or O(1) possible.<br />
Now the process continues with the white-coloured edges in at most O(log n) steps, where<br />
the sm<strong>all</strong>est value <strong>of</strong> a minimum spanning tree can be determined in at most O(n) or O(1),<br />
until an over<strong>all</strong> minimum spanning tree is created in at most O(n log n) or O(log n). An over<strong>all</strong><br />
maximum spanning tree can be calculated by subtracting each time edge weights from a<br />
sufficiently large constant as new edge weights.<br />
By calculating the shortest paths, e.g. a traffic control system can be simulated in the computer<br />
that responds <strong>to</strong> changing conditions by modifying the edge weights. Packet collisions<br />
can be prevented if the nodes are numbered consecutively, and each time the packet gets<br />
the first chance that passes through the previous node with the sm<strong>all</strong>est number. Hereby<br />
collisions can be minimised by presetting road users interim targets on less-loaded routes.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 17 <strong>of</strong> 154
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 18 <strong>of</strong> 154
Linguistics<br />
The linguistics devotes itself <strong>to</strong> the diverse linguistic issues.<br />
Below binary <strong>font</strong> without keyboard, a <strong>font</strong> keyboard without letters <strong>to</strong> be entered is presented<br />
that is based on the binary system.<br />
The <strong>font</strong> <strong>Fon<strong>to</strong></strong> contains newly-designed letters for the International Phonetic Alphabet and is<br />
the basis for the planned language Lango.<br />
Below ambisexuality in each case a new ambisexual personal pronoun for the third person<br />
singular for the English resp. German language and further grammatical changes are proposed,<br />
as they are applied in the word <strong>of</strong> L.<br />
The planned language Lango is a future world language whose root words are determined<br />
through a democratic computerised voting. The related grammar is stated.<br />
The language <strong>of</strong> science <strong>of</strong>fers a linguistic<strong>all</strong>y correct and future-oriented expression <strong>of</strong> scientific<br />
results. In addition, a trenchant picture <strong>of</strong> present science is drawn.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 19 <strong>of</strong> 154
Binary <strong>font</strong> without keyboard<br />
The past <strong>font</strong>s appeared rather illogical in the structure and needed a keyboard for the input.<br />
Here a new phonetic<strong>all</strong>y accurate <strong>font</strong> with 36 phonetic characters is presented that can represent<br />
16 * 1024 * 1024 different characters by one sign. Some <strong>of</strong> them can represent whole<br />
words. It is in the following about suggestions, from which can be deviated natur<strong>all</strong>y. Therefore<br />
little is concretised, since it concerns the idea.<br />
The characters <strong>of</strong> the primary system consist <strong>of</strong> ten bits <strong>of</strong> that four stand for the vowels in<br />
the middle part, three for the hierarchic consonants in the left part and three for the grammatical<br />
consonants in the right part. The bits are arranged on a circle (<strong>to</strong>p, bot<strong>to</strong>m, left, right)<br />
and the circles are abreast. The bits can be arranged also differently.<br />
If one or two <strong>of</strong> the three parts remain empty, one dot is set above beside or over the remaining<br />
part in a condensed representation for the identification <strong>of</strong> the part that is missing in each<br />
case, so that one can recognise which parts are missing. However, only the bits are entered<br />
that can be set. No sounds are assigned <strong>to</strong> the dots. All this can be managed by a programme.<br />
Each bit is assigned <strong>to</strong> a finger respectively the thenar. This assignment can be chosen unrestricted,<br />
should be however standardised. So thumbs and index fingers for the vowels can<br />
be used, the remaining fingers and the thenar for the consonants. If a finger or the thenar is<br />
lowered on the desk <strong>to</strong>p, then the associated bit is set.<br />
In the primary system, 16 syllables can be represented. To the vowels belong a (corresponds<br />
<strong>to</strong> 4, right), e (1, left), i, o (2, <strong>to</strong>p) and u (bot<strong>to</strong>m), the umlauts ae (5), oe (3), ue and ao (6 as<br />
in law) and the diphthongs ai, au, ei, oi, ui (7) and ou (as in low), because these occur frequently.<br />
The i consists <strong>of</strong> a complete circle, for the diphthongs with i the bit <strong>of</strong> the associated<br />
vowel is omitted. The 0 corresponds <strong>to</strong> y, which is spoken without opening the lips (like hm<br />
without m).<br />
The (grammatical) consonants in the initial sound are k (1, nouns, personal pronouns), p (2,<br />
adverbs, prepositions), l (3, plural), w (4, accusative like ch in German teich), t (5, adjectives),<br />
f (6, verbs), s (7, accusative plural) and c (0, links like sh in shoe). The final sound is<br />
the same and the real grammatical consonant. The fourth bit is represented by m, which follows<br />
in the initial sound after and in the final sound before the consonants.<br />
The sounds that cannot be represented with twelve bits are represented with further four bits<br />
within the circles (horizont<strong>all</strong>y, perpendicularly and two diagonals). The consonants read g<br />
(1), b (2), r (3), x (4 like ch in German buch), d (5), v (6), z (7) and j (0 like j in journal). They<br />
correspond <strong>to</strong> the primary system in the order. The fourth bit is n, which follows in the initial<br />
sound after and in the final sound before the consonants. So we have again twelve bits, <strong>to</strong><br />
which one switches, as <strong>all</strong> ten fingers respectively the thenars are lowered on the desk <strong>to</strong>p.<br />
If the bits should not be sufficient, further ones can be added. They can be "written" with the<br />
feet or elbows or knees. Ersatz consonants are h (like th in thin) and q (like th in the). Bit<br />
combinations with m or n can be spoken also as other sounds: e.g. xn like the hither<strong>to</strong> h, dn<br />
such as English th and so on.<br />
If mankind should succeed <strong>to</strong> be able <strong>to</strong> use the thoughts in the brain, - it is with additional<br />
technology - this is omitted. Then less characters than complete pictures are thought, and<br />
these are converted in characters. Since whole words can be written at once, a clear speed<br />
increase is <strong>to</strong> be expected. However, the complete character set cannot be exploited completely,<br />
since, because <strong>of</strong> the danger <strong>of</strong> mix-ups, sufficient gaps must remain (thin <strong>all</strong>ocation).<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 20 <strong>of</strong> 154
The conversion for blind persons is likewise simple. Addition<strong>all</strong>y deaf-mutes can communicate<br />
with the hands (and fingertips). Since one is substanti<strong>all</strong>y faster with the keyboard, as<br />
long as par<strong>all</strong>el processing is <strong>to</strong>o difficult for man, it is <strong>to</strong> focus in the following on the keyboard<br />
and the dependence on the phonetic transcription (a character - a sound). The conventional<br />
characters are more eidetic than the bit combinations and thus easier catchy (maintaining<br />
<strong>of</strong> his<strong>to</strong>ry).<br />
The "keyboard" could consist <strong>of</strong> a "data glove" that determines the correct "key" from the<br />
relative movement <strong>of</strong> the fingers. So substanti<strong>all</strong>y more "keys" could be mapped. Furthermore,<br />
the "keys" could be rearranged by considering the frequency <strong>of</strong> the characters and/or<br />
letters. As long as there is no unitary language, cus<strong>to</strong>misable country versions are here useful.<br />
The "keyboard" can be specified by three-dimensional holography or two-dimensional<br />
laser light.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 21 <strong>of</strong> 154
Font <strong>Fon<strong>to</strong></strong><br />
To the International Phonetic Alphabet, there is in the future an own new <strong>font</strong>: <strong>font</strong>o.<strong>ttf</strong>. Thus,<br />
the language <strong>of</strong> the future can be formed in such a way that each sound corresponds <strong>to</strong> a<br />
letter and vice versa. There are uniform letters: one does not distinguish between upper and<br />
lower case. All letters are horizontal symmetrical and have two heights. Similar sounds are in<br />
principle also similarly written.<br />
The more seldom vowels get, compared <strong>to</strong> the more frequent vowels, one more line, the<br />
voiced consonants, compared <strong>to</strong> the voiceless, a close form. In the n-dimensional representation,<br />
the two-dimensional letters are laid on the surfaces <strong>of</strong> an n-dimensional cube. Since<br />
no two unequal letters can be transformed by rotation <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> another, they are always good <strong>to</strong><br />
recognise.<br />
Plosives contain a v, nasals a point, trills consist <strong>of</strong> a circle with a horizontal bar at the <strong>to</strong>p,<br />
taps/flaps have addition<strong>all</strong>y a horizontal bar at the bot<strong>to</strong>m, lateral fricatives contain an E,<br />
whose upper and lower end point <strong>to</strong> the middle crossbar, approximants can be identified by<br />
two par<strong>all</strong>el lines and lateral approximants consist at least <strong>of</strong> a circle, from which two bars<br />
diverge.<br />
<strong>Load</strong> <strong>Fon<strong>to</strong></strong>.<strong>ttf</strong> <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> <strong>your</strong> <strong>font</strong> <strong>direc<strong>to</strong>ry</strong> <strong>to</strong> <strong>see</strong> <strong>all</strong><br />
characters properly!<br />
Digits: 0 (0), 1 (1), 2 (2), 3 (3), 4 (4), 5 (5), 6 (6), 7 (7), 8 (8), 9 (9).<br />
Vowels:<br />
Opening Location Roundness Unicode IPA Alt ISO <strong>Fon<strong>to</strong></strong><br />
close front unrounded U+0069 i Alt+0105 i i<br />
close front rounded U+0079 y Alt+0121 y y<br />
close central unrounded U+0268 ɨ Alt+0073 I I<br />
close central rounded U+0289 ʉ Alt+0089 Y Y<br />
close back unrounded U+026F ɯ Alt+0085 U U<br />
close back rounded U+0075 u Alt+0117 u u<br />
near-close near-front unrounded U+026A ɪ Alt+0239 ï ï<br />
near-close near-front rounded U+028F ʏ Alt+0207 Ï Ï<br />
near-close near-back rounded U+028A ʊ Alt+0216 Ø Ø<br />
close-mid front unrounded U+0065 e Alt+0101 e e<br />
close-mid front rounded U+00F8 ø Alt+0248 ø ø<br />
close-mid central unrounded U+0258 ɘ Alt+0069 E E<br />
close-mid central rounded U+0275 ɵ Alt+0244 ô ô<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 22 <strong>of</strong> 154
close-mid back unrounded U+0264 ɤ Alt+0079 O O<br />
close-mid back rounded U+006F o Alt+0111 o o<br />
mid central U+0259 ə Alt+0212 Ô Ô<br />
open-mid front unrounded U+025B ɛ Alt+0232 è è<br />
open-mid front rounded U+0153 œ Alt+0246 ö ö<br />
open-mid central unrounded U+025C ɜ Alt+0200 È È<br />
open-mid central rounded U+025E ɞ Alt+0214 Ö Ö<br />
open-mid back unrounded U+028C ʌ Alt+0193 Á Á<br />
open-mid back rounded U+0254 ɔ Alt+0225 á á<br />
near-open front unrounded U+00E6 æ Alt+0230 æ æ<br />
near-open central U+0250 ɐ Alt+0198 Æ Æ<br />
open front unrounded U+0061 a Alt+0097 a a<br />
open front rounded U+0276 ɶ Alt+0224 à à<br />
open back unrounded U+0251 ɑ Alt+0065 A A<br />
open back rounded U+0252 ɒ Alt+0192 À À<br />
Consonants:<br />
Manner Place Voice Unicode IPA Alt ISO <strong>Fon<strong>to</strong></strong><br />
Plosive bilabial voiceless U+0070 p Alt+0112 p p<br />
Plosive bilabial voiced U+0062 b Alt+0080 P P<br />
Plosive alveolar voiceless U+0074 t Alt+0116 t t<br />
Plosive alveolar voiced U+0064 d Alt+0084 T T<br />
Plosive retr<strong>of</strong>lex voiceless U+0288 ʈ Alt+0100 d d<br />
Plosive retr<strong>of</strong>lex voiced U+0256 ɖ Alt+0068 D D<br />
Plosive palatal voiceless U+0063 c Alt+0099 c c<br />
Plosive palatal voiced U+025F ɟ Alt+0067 C C<br />
Plosive velar voiceless U+006B k Alt+0107 k k<br />
Plosive velar voiced U+0067 g Alt+0075 K K<br />
Plosive uvular voiceless U+0071 q Alt+0113 q q<br />
Plosive uvular voiced U+0262 ɢ Alt+0081 Q Q<br />
Plosive glottal voiceless U+0294 ʔ Alt+0202 Ê Ê<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 23 <strong>of</strong> 154
Nasal bilabial voiced U+006D m Alt+0109 m m<br />
Nasal labiodental voiced U+0271 ɱ Alt+0077 M M<br />
Nasal alveolar voiced U+006E n Alt+0110 n n<br />
Nasal retr<strong>of</strong>lex voiced U+0273 ɳ Alt+0241 ñ ñ<br />
Nasal palatal voiced U+0272 ɲ Alt+0209 Ñ Ñ<br />
Nasal velar voiced U+014B ŋ Alt+0078 N N<br />
Nasal uvular voiced U+0274 ɴ Alt+0234 ê ê<br />
Trill bilabial voiced U+0299 ʙ Alt+0062 b b<br />
Trill alveolar voiced U+0072 r Alt+0114 r r<br />
Trill uvular voiced U+0280 ʀ Alt+0082 R R<br />
Tap/Flap labiodental voiced U+? ? Alt+0223 ß ß<br />
Tap/Flap alveolar voiced U+027E ɾ Alt+0226 â â<br />
Tap/Flap retr<strong>of</strong>lex voiced U+027D ɽ Alt+0194 Â Â<br />
Fricative bilabial voiceless U+0278 ɸ Alt+0118 v v<br />
Fricative bilabial voiced U+03B2 β Alt+0086 V V<br />
Fricative labiodental voiceless U+0066 f Alt+0102 f f<br />
Fricative labiodental voiced U+0076 v Alt+0070 F F<br />
Fricative dental voiceless U+03B8 θ Alt+0103 g g<br />
Fricative dental voiced U+00F0 ð Alt+0071 G G<br />
Fricative alveolar voiceless U+0073 s Alt+0115 s s<br />
Fricative alveolar voiced U+007A z Alt+0083 S S<br />
Fricative postalveolar voiceless U+0283 ʃ Alt+0122 z z<br />
Fricative postalveolar voiced U+0292 ʒ Alt+0090 Z Z<br />
Fricative retr<strong>of</strong>lex voiceless U+0282 ʂ Alt+0252 ü ü<br />
Fricative retr<strong>of</strong>lex voiced U+0290 ʐ Alt+0220 Ü Ü<br />
Fricative palatal voiceless U+00E7 ç Alt+0231 ç ç<br />
Fricative palatal voiced U+029D ʝ Alt+0074 J J<br />
Fricative velar voiceless U+0078 x Alt+0120 x x<br />
Fricative velar voiced U+0263 ɣ Alt+0088 X X<br />
Fricative uvular voiceless U+03C7 χ Alt+0243 ó ó<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 24 <strong>of</strong> 154
Fricative uvular voiced U+0281 ʁ Alt+0211 Ó Ó<br />
Fricative pharyngeal voiceless U+0127 ħ Alt+0240 ð ð<br />
Fricative pharyngeal voiced U+0295 ʕ Alt+0208 Ð Ð<br />
Fricative glottal voiceless U+0068 h Alt+0104 h h<br />
Fricative glottal voiced U+0266 ɦ Alt+0072 H H<br />
Lateral Fricative alveolar voiceless U+026C ɬ Alt+0238 î î<br />
Lateral Fricative alveolar voiced U+026E ɮ Alt+0206 Î Î<br />
Approximant labiodental voiced U+028B ʋ Alt+0245 õ õ<br />
Approximant alveolar voiced U+0279 ɹ Alt+0213 Õ Õ<br />
Approximant retr<strong>of</strong>lex voiced U+027B ɻ Alt+0199 Ç Ç<br />
Approximant palatal voiced U+006A j Alt+0106 j j<br />
Approximant velar voiced U+0270 ɰ Alt+0066 B B<br />
Lateral Approx. alveolar voiced U+006C l Alt+0108 l l<br />
Lateral Approx. retr<strong>of</strong>lex voiced U+026D ɭ Alt+0076 L L<br />
Lateral Approx. palatal voiced U+028E ʎ Alt+0227 ã ã<br />
Lateral Approx. velar voiced U+029F ʟ Alt+0195 Ã Ã<br />
Klick bilabial non-pulm. U+0298 ʘ Alt+0210 Ò Ò<br />
Klick dental non-pulm. U+01C0 ǀ Alt+0253 ý ý<br />
Klick (post)alveolar non-pulm. U+01C3 ǃ Alt+0221 Ý Ý<br />
Klick pala<strong>to</strong>alveolar non-pulm. U+01C2 ǂ Alt+0254 þ þ<br />
Klick alveolar lateral non-pulm. U+01C1 ǁ Alt+0222 Þ Þ<br />
Implosive bilabial voiced U+0253 ɓ Alt+0237 í í<br />
Implosive dental/alveolar voiced U+0257 ɗ Alt+0205 Í Í<br />
Implosive palatal voiced U+0284 ʄ Alt+0236 ì ì<br />
Implosive velar voiced U+0260 ɠ Alt+0204 Ì Ì<br />
Implosive uvular voiced U+029B ʛ Alt+0242 ò ò<br />
Other symbols:<br />
Manner Place Voice Unicode IPA Alt ISO <strong>Fon<strong>to</strong></strong><br />
Fricative labiovelar voiceless U+028D ʍ Alt+0119 w w<br />
Approximant labiovelar voiced U+0077 w Alt+0087 W W<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 25 <strong>of</strong> 154
Approximant labiopalatal voiced U+0265 ɥ Alt+0203 Ë Ë<br />
Fricative epiglottal voiceless U+029C ʜ Alt+0235 ë ë<br />
Fricative epiglottal voiced U+02A2 ʢ Alt+0233 é é<br />
Plosive epiglottal voiceless U+02A1 ʡ Alt+0201 É É<br />
Fricative alveolopalatal voiceless U+0255 ɕ Alt+0228 ä ä<br />
Fricative alveolopalatal voiced U+0291 ʑ Alt+0196 Ä Ä<br />
Flap lateral alveolar voiced U+027A ɺ Alt+0229 å å<br />
Fricative velopalatal voiceless U+0267 ɧ Alt+0197 Å Å<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 26 <strong>of</strong> 154
Ambisexuality<br />
L gave me the idea <strong>to</strong> introduce the following ambisexual personal pronouns in the third person<br />
singular for the word <strong>of</strong> L, and <strong>to</strong> propose them <strong>to</strong> be taken over <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> the German resp.<br />
English language: ze in English and zie in German.<br />
The letter z is <strong>to</strong> found an own root word, which is also <strong>to</strong> apply in other languages, provided<br />
that this does not lead <strong>to</strong> a collision with present words. Letters like j (declinable <strong>to</strong>o badly) or<br />
x (<strong>to</strong>o un-German) are ineligible and were also considered. There should be no confusion<br />
with words <strong>of</strong> the in each case other language and a basic similarity be observed.<br />
The declination in English is ze (subjective), zer (objective), zerself (reflexive) and zis (possessive).<br />
The suffix for nouns is -rel. The preponderance <strong>of</strong> the female deduction reflects the<br />
fact that the male personal pronoun was hither<strong>to</strong> predominant and thus a poetic justice is <strong>to</strong><br />
establish.<br />
The declination in German is zie (nominative), zihrer (genitive), zihr (dative and the beginning<br />
<strong>of</strong> the associated possessive pronoun) and zihn (accusative). The related articles read don,<br />
doren, dor and don; the relative pronouns don, doren, dor and don. The suffixes for adjectives,<br />
substantives, pronouns and the indefinite article read -on, -or, -or and -on in the singular<br />
and -onen in the plural. The declination <strong>of</strong> the adjectives in connection with the articles<br />
and substantives reads: einon/don -e -on (nominative and accusative) and einor/dor -en -or<br />
(genitive and dative). Man is replaced by on, -mann and -frau by -on. For the preponderance<br />
<strong>of</strong> female deduction applies the same as in English.<br />
Examples (for the German language)<br />
God is in the religion <strong>of</strong> love denoted with L and is ambisexual, so it reads: don L. One finds<br />
the ambisexual form <strong>of</strong> a male noun, either by replacing the male suffix by on: don Mession<br />
(from: der Messias) and don Pries<strong>to</strong>n (from: der Priester), or by appending: don Bischöfon<br />
(from: der Bisch<strong>of</strong>). Adjectives between article and noun remain unchanged: don gute Betreuon<br />
(from: der gute Betreuer).<br />
Zie zeigt dor aufmerksamen Schiedsor den Brief dor Pr<strong>of</strong>essoror (from: Er/sie zeigt dem/der<br />
aufmerksamen Schiedsmann/Schiedsfrau den Brief des Pr<strong>of</strong>essors/der Pr<strong>of</strong>essorin). Einon<br />
Vermittlon zwischen den Anwäl<strong>to</strong>nen, doren Weisheit zihr zum Vorteil gereichte, machte<br />
donselbe auf zihren Fehler aufmerksam (from: ein/eine Vermittler/in zwischen den Anwälten/Anwältinnen,<br />
dessen/deren Weisheit ihm/ihr zum Vorteil gereichte, machten denselben/dieselbe<br />
auf seinen/ihren Fehler aufmerksam).<br />
The changes interfere ins<strong>of</strong>ar little, since there are only additional words. Thus it still reads:<br />
Niemand, dem ... and not nieond, dor ... About this the last word certainly has not yet been<br />
spoken :-).<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 27 <strong>of</strong> 154
Planned language Lango<br />
Only capital letters are written. In adjectives is the vowel a inserted, in adverbs the vowel e<br />
and in prepositions the vowel u and personal pronouns have the vowel <strong>of</strong> nouns (o in the<br />
singular, i in the plural). The latter do not have a sex (also by occupations it is omitted).<br />
There are no articles. There is no case (subject-predicate-object-rule). To place the object<br />
first, this is preceded with a preposition in case <strong>of</strong> need. Comparisons <strong>of</strong> <strong>all</strong> words are assigned<br />
in the positive <strong>to</strong> the numbers <strong>of</strong> 1 <strong>to</strong> 3, in the negative <strong>to</strong> the numbers <strong>of</strong> 7 <strong>to</strong> 5 (<strong>see</strong><br />
octal clock).<br />
Verbs consist <strong>of</strong> the stem and inserted time. There is a question, a subjunctive and a passive<br />
particle. The tenses are formed as follows: Present (umlaut aj), imperative (in the sentence<br />
preceded present), future I (uj), future II (finish particle and future I), past perfect (finish particle<br />
and past), past (oj) and perfect (finish particle and present). The directions are read <strong>of</strong>f<br />
also from the octal clock and assigned <strong>to</strong> the numbers. The modal verbs are assigned <strong>to</strong> the<br />
verb <strong>to</strong> be and <strong>to</strong> the numbers as follows: Neutral 0, can 1, may 2, like 3, want 4, sh<strong>all</strong> 5,<br />
need 6 and must 7.<br />
The words are formed after the languages up <strong>to</strong> now according <strong>to</strong> the following rules:<br />
1) Priority is given <strong>to</strong> the word formation with most speakers,<br />
2) the most frequently used words are the shortest ones - for this purpose for each word<br />
maximum lengths are determined and if they are exceeded at the selection, alternatives are<br />
searched for,<br />
3) enough gaps are <strong>to</strong> mind (also for future terms): if the words are <strong>to</strong>o similar (the specified<br />
number is exceeded), also alternatives are searched for,<br />
4) at collisions is <strong>to</strong> switch <strong>to</strong> rarer languages,<br />
5) similar words that are not derived from each other, must have distinct meanings,<br />
6) there is for the moment only one meaning, as precisely determined as possible, per word,<br />
7) if a word has in a previous language several meanings, so a ranking <strong>of</strong> the meanings is<br />
specified, which determines what meaning gets a chance, if the word is the winner,<br />
8) the order <strong>of</strong> the determination is: noun, adjective, adverb, verb, remaining lexical categories,<br />
i.e. starting from the noun, the remaining lexical categories are determined by specifying<br />
for each word the corresponding meaning,<br />
9) diacritics, suprasegmentals, pitches, stress and <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong>nation are not recorded and lead <strong>to</strong> no<br />
difference in meaning (principle <strong>of</strong> licence <strong>of</strong> dialect),<br />
10) the standard emphasis is on every second syllable <strong>of</strong> the word measured from the end.<br />
The vocabulary <strong>of</strong> the planned language Lango is democratic<strong>all</strong>y determined: First, <strong>all</strong> the<br />
words <strong>of</strong> the existing languages coming <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> question are filed in a database. To be able <strong>to</strong><br />
concentrate on the main languages, the language with the most root words is identified.<br />
Then, the <strong>to</strong>tal population number is divided by the number <strong>of</strong> root words <strong>of</strong> the language<br />
with the most root words.<br />
Thus one obtains the minimum number <strong>of</strong> speakers that a language needs <strong>to</strong> be considered.<br />
Proceeding more accurately, also <strong>all</strong> foreign root words in the language with the most root<br />
words are considered. Alternatively, one can divide the <strong>to</strong>tal population number by the <strong>to</strong>tal<br />
number <strong>of</strong> <strong>all</strong> meanings.<br />
After the languages are identified <strong>to</strong> be taken <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> account, a multilingual dictionary is compiled<br />
as a database in that the translations and meanings <strong>of</strong> <strong>all</strong> words are located. Then the<br />
determined meanings are assigned <strong>to</strong> fields <strong>of</strong> daily life in such a way that in each field so<br />
many meanings are located as the population divided by the sm<strong>all</strong>est number <strong>of</strong> speakers <strong>to</strong><br />
be taken <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> account indicates.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 28 <strong>of</strong> 154
Then, for each language, the relative frequency <strong>of</strong> occurrence in the entire vocabulary <strong>of</strong> the<br />
language per (presumable) meaning is determined. To have a uniform, but language individual<br />
standard text, the most comprehensive electronic dictionary is employed as basis and<br />
first mainstay. Missing records are translated so that each language is represented by the<br />
same amount.<br />
As second mainstay texts are taken <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> account that are <strong>of</strong> special importance in a language.<br />
These texts are weighted by a democratic election <strong>of</strong> the speakers. For this purpose,<br />
a list is created from that each speaker may choose maximum one-tenth. If ze chooses less<br />
text, zis choice is weighted proportion<strong>all</strong>y higher.<br />
The third mainstay is the colloquial language. At this, newspapers, magazines, television and<br />
radio broadcasts are determined for a representative period with the weighting <strong>of</strong> their use in<br />
the population <strong>of</strong> speakers <strong>of</strong> a language. Each mainstay is equ<strong>all</strong>y considered. Untranslatable<br />
root words are replaced by the most common foreign root word or determined by voting.<br />
The name <strong>of</strong> the planned language is replaced by the root word for language that accepted<br />
the bid. The grammar is determined by a working group in that the members are represented<br />
by their strength <strong>of</strong> languages. It would be nice if my grammar proposed would be taken <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong><br />
account. The same is true for my letters from the <strong>font</strong> <strong>Fon<strong>to</strong></strong>. The grammar always has priority<br />
over the vocabulary: All meanings are processed appropriately <strong>to</strong> the grammar.<br />
Now, the formation <strong>of</strong> the vocabulary can start. A field is determined by random genera<strong>to</strong>r. A<br />
meaning is chosen by random genera<strong>to</strong>r. It is chosen first the meaning with the highest number<br />
<strong>of</strong> similarity. This arises from the number <strong>of</strong> languages resp. number <strong>of</strong> speakers, accounting<br />
for the corresponding root words if one looks only at its similarity between the languages.<br />
At equality the random genera<strong>to</strong>r decides.<br />
With the number similarity determination the relative frequency <strong>of</strong> occurrence in the relevant<br />
languages is determined concerning the part <strong>of</strong> the word, after <strong>all</strong> composites, based on the<br />
part <strong>of</strong> the word, were counted and <strong>all</strong> inflection forms after the grammar. The frequency is<br />
converted <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> points and multiplied with the word number. The point value is entered for <strong>all</strong><br />
languages involved.<br />
Now, the language with the most speakers in the languages without points is selected and<br />
the meaning is sought with the highest number <strong>of</strong> similarity. At equality the random genera<strong>to</strong>r<br />
decides. Calculation is as above. The points are entered and the next important not considered<br />
language is processed. The process will continue as long until each language according<br />
<strong>to</strong> its frequency has been adequately considered.<br />
It is ongoing paid attention <strong>to</strong> the proportional consideration <strong>of</strong> languages: Where the largest<br />
deficits are, will be continued (difference <strong>of</strong> the actual with the percentage numbers due <strong>to</strong>). If<br />
a field is exhausted, the random genera<strong>to</strong>r determines the next one. The surplus percentage<br />
points are transferred from the previously handled field.<br />
Languages, whose number <strong>of</strong> speakers is not enough <strong>to</strong> be percent<strong>all</strong>y considered in the<br />
language groups, are involved anyway: They may suggest words as foreign words that exist<br />
only in their language and proper nouns that belong <strong>to</strong> their language and represent it. The<br />
proposals are yet grammatic<strong>all</strong>y adapted.<br />
Proper names such as rivers, mountains, places, buildings, etc. are always denoted in the<br />
language that most speakers speak in the area in that the object is located. By presence <strong>of</strong><br />
various languages one proceeds like the main procedure (percental consideration). Personal<br />
names are written as the owner or his legal representative intend <strong>to</strong>. The laws <strong>of</strong> other states<br />
may provide other things: than applies the law.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 29 <strong>of</strong> 154
Each speaker decides among which languages ze wants <strong>to</strong> be counted (or the legal representative).<br />
For this purpose, more comprehensive elections can be held: To choose are <strong>all</strong><br />
existing languages in descending order according <strong>to</strong> their number <strong>of</strong> speakers.<br />
Per language a maximum <strong>of</strong> five crosses can be made. Addition<strong>all</strong>y one can make a single<br />
cross <strong>to</strong> choose <strong>all</strong> languages (<strong>of</strong>fered as a single option). The crosses are converted <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong><br />
percentages. Each voter has one vote, what corresponds <strong>to</strong> 100 %. Then there is the percentage<br />
<strong>of</strong> the <strong>to</strong>tal elec<strong>to</strong>rate that includes every human being.<br />
Election workers advise the illiterate. Invalid b<strong>all</strong>ots are not counted. Who stays away from<br />
the election is also not counted. The elec<strong>to</strong>ral process is fair <strong>to</strong> those that speak more than<br />
one language or want <strong>to</strong> favour languages that they do not speak.<br />
If it comes <strong>to</strong> conflicts in the definition <strong>of</strong> the vocabulary, because a word was once already<br />
assigned, alternatives within the two words are searched for: first for the new word, then for<br />
the old one. In the unlikely event that there are more meanings than corresponding words or<br />
root words, either artificial words are <strong>to</strong> form or meanings <strong>to</strong> assign <strong>to</strong> existing words or root<br />
words (homonyms). In the latter case, the most common use is awarded the contract.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 30 <strong>of</strong> 154
Language <strong>of</strong> science<br />
What language <strong>of</strong> science is appropriate? How are scientific results expressed, linguistic<strong>all</strong>y<br />
correct and future-oriented? What has <strong>to</strong> be considered in this case? These questions are <strong>to</strong><br />
be answered in the following.<br />
Within and outside <strong>of</strong> science applies: No appropriate text can emerge without sufficient personal<br />
maturity. Who has this will avoid (conventional) phrases as far as possible, even if their<br />
use is highly esteemed, <strong>to</strong> a large extent, or demanded. No one can upgrade a poor paper,<br />
in front <strong>of</strong> a sufficiently developed reviewer by parlance or talebearing, or present it in a significantly<br />
more favourable light.<br />
Such behaviour is repulsive and does a disservice <strong>to</strong> science. In the future, only texts will<br />
endure that stand clearly alo<strong>of</strong> from that, since, with the exponential growth <strong>of</strong> knowledge, no<br />
one will bother <strong>to</strong> take note <strong>of</strong> the poor texts, in the light <strong>of</strong> the many good ones. Who does<br />
not want <strong>to</strong> perish thus will have <strong>to</strong> think properly, and must also give zis thoughts the right<br />
form.<br />
The worse mistakes are the wrong, insufficient or superfluous thoughts. Who only wants <strong>to</strong><br />
fill the pages and publish (at any price) has them surely. Who spends much time here wastes<br />
it, but <strong>of</strong>ten incentives, such as a title, are the stronger argument than the quality, even if only<br />
expensive linguistic garbage emerges. The number <strong>of</strong> basic<strong>all</strong>y worthless "papers" runs unfortunately<br />
worldwide <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> a few million texts.<br />
Is it bad enough that decidedly <strong>to</strong>o many superfluous and irrelevant research projects are run<br />
in science, and, even worse, financed (at the expense <strong>of</strong> the general public), since the persuasive<br />
power is stronger than the mind, which can be easily proven by the "results", so it is<br />
standing <strong>to</strong> reason <strong>to</strong> use a language that <strong>all</strong>ows for as many as possible, without difficulty,<br />
<strong>to</strong> separate the wheat from the chaff.<br />
Present science is far <strong>to</strong>o <strong>of</strong>ten characterised <strong>to</strong> roll out weak thoughts, ranting, overprecise<br />
and simple, leading <strong>to</strong> believe, with as many level-depressing quotes, a completeness (<strong>of</strong> the<br />
still insufficient), yet passing the essential, since it would otherwise flinch from its own justification,<br />
although it lost it by this, as easy reflections and back translations show.<br />
A winning presentation is mostly sacrificed in favour <strong>of</strong> drily "scientificalness", which is accompanied<br />
by self taboos and its formalised unimaginativeness, since scientific wit wants <strong>to</strong><br />
contrast with the "ordinary" one. If wit would actu<strong>all</strong>y be made obliga<strong>to</strong>ry, the craftsmanship<br />
science would be overch<strong>all</strong>enged, since this form <strong>of</strong> upgrading would contradict the cold neutrality<br />
that makes it such an exciting experience <strong>to</strong>day.<br />
If scientists <strong>all</strong>ow themselves <strong>to</strong> rate, then preferably about the stupidity <strong>of</strong> those who published<br />
so poorly earlier, so that only the own superiority could correct this, if they want <strong>to</strong><br />
serve with a scientific<strong>all</strong>y presentable result at <strong>all</strong>, since even the sm<strong>all</strong>est new tail constitutes<br />
scientific progress and dangles then conspicuously from the graduation cap or preliminary<br />
<strong>to</strong> the own name.<br />
Equ<strong>all</strong>y popular is <strong>to</strong> rate in a (poorly) hidden manner, because <strong>of</strong> the self-imposed value<br />
freedom, by choosing words that (also) can be rated pejorative (and actu<strong>all</strong>y must be), but<br />
what the respective author is forgiven, because oneself does not think much better, or knuckles<br />
under <strong>to</strong> the "luminary", who is, as contrasted with a beginner, entitled <strong>to</strong> this, after the<br />
thorny climbing the peak <strong>of</strong> science.<br />
If one would confront a scientist with a brief, novel and fruitful text, it could be still so ingenious<br />
and significant and ze would not accept it as such, or take note <strong>of</strong> it, if it would not meet<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 31 <strong>of</strong> 154
the conventional and outdated standards, which do not reveal anything about the value <strong>of</strong> a<br />
paper, but, on the contrary, reduce it relatively. This must be avoided and made clearly conscious.<br />
It is outrageous, which trivial things <strong>of</strong> course are transformed <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> unmeaning results, under<br />
the guise <strong>of</strong> science, by extensive and costly studies, empiric<strong>all</strong>y on the cusp <strong>of</strong> the predicable<br />
at <strong>all</strong> resp. meaningless, with scarce expressiveness and slight significance multiply "secured",<br />
and at a high price regaled as the eggs <strong>of</strong> Columbus on symposia, congresses, etc.<br />
No subject is <strong>to</strong>o absurd, as that it is not suitable for the meticulous scientific exploration and<br />
squandering generation <strong>of</strong> (hypo-) theses, since science is at best ashamed <strong>of</strong> its impatience,<br />
which the reality produces, but is actu<strong>all</strong>y an expression <strong>of</strong> its lack <strong>of</strong> restraint and<br />
immoderateness resp. brazenness <strong>to</strong> pretty up verbosely that what is not worth knowing, and<br />
<strong>to</strong> defend it against <strong>of</strong>fences <strong>of</strong> decency.<br />
Who dares <strong>to</strong> c<strong>all</strong> the (scientific) significance <strong>of</strong> the results <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> question is confronted with<br />
elusive spurious arguments, which turn every X <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> a U, but emphasise above <strong>all</strong> the necessity<br />
for the survival <strong>of</strong> humanity, which enables the knowledge <strong>of</strong> science <strong>to</strong> preserve its<br />
power. When it comes <strong>to</strong> its existence, science cannot take a joke, just as little as with the<br />
loss <strong>of</strong> influence in society.<br />
If the majority would trust in divine revelation and its common sense more than in the undeserved<br />
opinion leadership <strong>of</strong> science, because <strong>of</strong> the verifiability and (<strong>see</strong>ming) objectivity <strong>of</strong><br />
scientific results, so it would quickly be on <strong>to</strong> science and start <strong>to</strong> give back the distinction <strong>to</strong><br />
it that it deserves, by defining, better and more strictly, the standards for science for the good<br />
<strong>of</strong> <strong>all</strong>.<br />
Who wants <strong>to</strong> experience <strong>of</strong> what science is vain needs only <strong>to</strong> follow the way it presents<br />
itself in its publications and lectures, when it demonstrates its learnedness, in <strong>of</strong>f-hook terminology,<br />
and <strong>of</strong>ten bossy as overly didactic, in strict accordance with the scientific pecking<br />
order. It is dissected and reinterpreted in endless discussions, what already comes out <strong>of</strong><br />
one's ears again.<br />
In numerous animal experiments, the animals suffer for the most superfluous questions, only<br />
because science does not want <strong>to</strong> control its insatiable curiosity, or wants <strong>to</strong> prove that for<br />
what its reason is not sufficient, or where it is <strong>to</strong>o comfortable for appropriate alternatives.<br />
The greed for comfort, (dubious) fame and long-lasting luxury as possible incites it more than<br />
the cognition that a happy and fulfilling life follows the divine order.<br />
Instead <strong>of</strong> building on solid foundations, it rather erects swashbuckling theoretical buildings,<br />
which everyone with a clear mind shuns, because <strong>of</strong> its bookish inaccessibility and insufficiency.<br />
In doing so, it loses the essentials completely out <strong>of</strong> sight and knits with primitive scientific<br />
manner an inextricable b<strong>all</strong> <strong>of</strong> mental aberrations that passes by life and only gives<br />
trouble <strong>to</strong> anyone who must be concerned with it.<br />
Quality, as well as aesthetics, suffers from the fury <strong>of</strong> publishing, and so the treatises are <strong>to</strong><br />
read again and again as testimonials <strong>of</strong> the personality and the character <strong>of</strong> their authors,<br />
since their language and their content still disclose what the authors would prefer <strong>to</strong> conceal.<br />
Who lives agreeable <strong>to</strong> L and refined zerself intensively is not concerned with things that are<br />
unworthy for L, since ze aims at higher goals than extremely giving zerself airs.<br />
Instead <strong>of</strong> respecting the individuality <strong>of</strong> the individual and doing justice <strong>to</strong> zer in zis uniqueness,<br />
science makes general statements about so large groups that their significance is vanishingly<br />
sm<strong>all</strong>. In doing so, it tries <strong>to</strong> reduce everything, if possible, <strong>to</strong> one principle and <strong>to</strong><br />
jam the diversity <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> a scientific corset that satisfies its drive for simplicity. But it depends on<br />
the right amount <strong>of</strong> both.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 32 <strong>of</strong> 154
Who develops, in the relationship with L, the greatness that comes from L knows how ze<br />
brings zer thinking, concentrated on the essentials, in the right form and spares others the<br />
mistakes that we find in science <strong>to</strong>day. One may find the drawn picture in a given case exaggerated,<br />
but it shows how science basic<strong>all</strong>y is in our time. The way out <strong>of</strong> the grievance was<br />
shown clearly. It is always worthwhile <strong>to</strong> go it for the good <strong>of</strong> <strong>all</strong>.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 33 <strong>of</strong> 154
Mathematics<br />
The following results in the field infinity, set theory, transcendent numbers and nonstandardanalysis<br />
have <strong>to</strong> be c<strong>all</strong>ed sensational!<br />
Because <strong>of</strong> the finiteness <strong>of</strong> our world, there are certain difficulties <strong>to</strong> treat the infinite. One<br />
difficulty is the question whether one sh<strong>all</strong> define the number <strong>of</strong> elements <strong>of</strong> the set <strong>of</strong> algebraic<br />
numbers finite or infinite. The finite definition <strong>of</strong>fers significant advantages <strong>of</strong> handling<br />
and stands in the tradition. It is also shown that the set <strong>of</strong> natural, integer, rational, algebraic,<br />
real and complex numbers is not closed. Hence, the difference <strong>of</strong> algebraic numbers is no<br />
longer necessarily algebraic, what complicates the theory <strong>of</strong> the transcendent numbers.<br />
A trans-rational and transcendent number can also consist <strong>of</strong> a finite continued fraction, in<br />
which the last partial denomina<strong>to</strong>r is infinitely large. Would it be identified with a convention<strong>all</strong>y<br />
rational number by setting the last partial fraction equal <strong>to</strong> zero, it would simultaneously<br />
solve a linear equation with integer as with trans-integer coefficients. This identification leads<br />
<strong>to</strong> contradictions, if the first equation is subtracted several times from the second one and the<br />
solution <strong>of</strong> every newly emerged equation is determined, and is therefore incorrect. Correct is<br />
working with approximate fractions.<br />
One can show by (convention<strong>all</strong>y natural and trans-natural) induction that one, starting with<br />
the set <strong>of</strong> convention<strong>all</strong>y natural numbers, can diagonalise up <strong>to</strong> any power according <strong>to</strong><br />
Can<strong>to</strong>r, so that <strong>all</strong>(!) infinite sets are equipotent <strong>to</strong> the set <strong>of</strong> convention<strong>all</strong>y natural numbers,<br />
if one uses Hilbert's translations as an aid. This contradic<strong>to</strong>riness is met with the proposition<br />
that there is for no set a bijection <strong>to</strong> its proper subset. Hence, Dedekind-infinity and Hilbert's<br />
hotel are destroyed, since the image sets <strong>of</strong> translations <strong>of</strong> every set lead out <strong>of</strong> this.<br />
Every number <strong>of</strong> elements <strong>of</strong> a set can be specified by reference <strong>to</strong> the set <strong>of</strong> convention<strong>all</strong>y<br />
natural numbers. Only from the exact construction instruction it can be specified precisely.<br />
Thus, it makes an important difference if one treats <strong>all</strong> multiples <strong>of</strong> five and constructs<br />
thereby the associated set in such a way that one times each convention<strong>all</strong>y natural number<br />
with five or that one deletes <strong>all</strong> numbers, up <strong>to</strong> each fifth, from the set <strong>of</strong> the convention<strong>all</strong>y<br />
natural numbers. Can<strong>to</strong>r regarded such sets as <strong>of</strong> the same cardinal number. If one considers,<br />
however, bijections correctly, one receives on the one hand the number <strong>of</strong> the set <strong>of</strong> the<br />
convention<strong>all</strong>y natural numbers or on the other hand a fifth <strong>of</strong> it.<br />
Can<strong>to</strong>r's distinction between merely countable and uncountable sets is <strong>to</strong>o undifferentiated.<br />
The correct treatment <strong>of</strong> bijections yields the statement that, concerning the number, there<br />
are infinite many sets between the set <strong>of</strong> convention<strong>all</strong>y natural numbers and the one <strong>of</strong> convention<strong>all</strong>y<br />
real numbers. Thus, the continuum hypothesis gets a new answer. Furthermore,<br />
the asymp<strong>to</strong>tic function <strong>of</strong> the number <strong>of</strong> algebraic numbers is determined.<br />
Since individual n-ness belongs <strong>to</strong> every natural number n that cannot be derived from its<br />
predecessors or successors, there is no complete system <strong>of</strong> axioms in mathematics, because<br />
with each new number something irreducible new emerges. If one confines, however,<br />
<strong>to</strong> selected aspects, a finite system <strong>of</strong> axioms for a finite number <strong>of</strong> entities can be specified.<br />
Each level <strong>of</strong> infinity refuses completeness <strong>all</strong> the more.<br />
Theories are based on presuppositions. In mathematics, they are <strong>of</strong>ten expressed by axioms<br />
that may be true or false, what can possibly be proven by other considerations. Thus, <strong>all</strong><br />
theories are incomplete and, as the case may be, beyond that contradic<strong>to</strong>ry. Instead <strong>of</strong> explicit<br />
axioms, (implicit) definitions are more suitable in that the existence <strong>of</strong> the specified is<br />
tacitly presupposed, until refutation.<br />
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Mathematics is not value-free. There can be always stated (rational) reasons why one procedure<br />
is <strong>to</strong> choose over the other one.<br />
The geometry gives definitions and remarks on Euclidean geometry that ch<strong>all</strong>enge several<br />
axioms, using results <strong>of</strong> set theory.<br />
The question <strong>of</strong> a fair distribution <strong>of</strong> persons deals less about the theoretical content than<br />
about practical application. Here a spread-sheet analysis is used.<br />
In the nonstandardanalysis, integration, differentiation, continuity, convergence and limit<br />
value for finite and infinite (convention<strong>all</strong>y not measurable) sets are redefined and examples<br />
given, as well as for discontinuous functions, <strong>to</strong> obtain better, more precise and more elegant<br />
mathematical statements (also for known propositions <strong>of</strong> analysis). Two finiteness criterions<br />
are given, one for series and one for products and the Riemann hypothesis is proved.<br />
With the optimisation is presented how optimisation problems can be solved and which role<br />
the best-path method could play here.<br />
Below representations simplification and exactitude <strong>of</strong> expressions are weighed against each<br />
other and the resulting desirable proceeding, deriving from this, is ethic<strong>all</strong>y outlined.<br />
Below transcendent numbers necessary and sufficient criteria for transcendence are stated.<br />
There are some numbers determined as transcendent from that one previously did not know<br />
this. Transcendent numbers are essenti<strong>all</strong>y the sum <strong>of</strong> an algebraic and a sufficiently sm<strong>all</strong><br />
or sufficiently large number. The transcendence <strong>of</strong> a number can be furthermore characterised<br />
via the product and sum proposition. Algebraic numbers, however, are determined by<br />
the zeros <strong>of</strong> polynomials with convention<strong>all</strong>y integer or convention<strong>all</strong>y rational coefficients.<br />
From this, criteria for transcendence can be directly derived from the coefficients <strong>of</strong> the polynomials.<br />
The greatest-prime criterion is also efficient. Fin<strong>all</strong>y, the approximation <strong>of</strong> algebraic<br />
numbers and their distances is treated.<br />
In the calculation <strong>of</strong> times is shown how one can apply the octal system practic<strong>all</strong>y worldwide<br />
and what the advantages are here. Besides introducing a new calendar and a new calculation<br />
<strong>of</strong> clock time, the octal system is applied also <strong>to</strong> the SI-units metre (m) and second (s)<br />
and some practical examples are given. There are reasons given why the octal system can<br />
completely replace the decimal system.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 35 <strong>of</strong> 154
Geometry<br />
Axiom: Everything possible exists – until someone finds out its impossibility.<br />
Definition: Everything, possible, existence, something, different, whole, not and space are<br />
substantial terms, which cannot be defined without a circle. A part is something that forms,<br />
with something distinct from it, <strong>to</strong> wit somehow different, a whole. A point is, according <strong>to</strong><br />
Euclid, something that has no parts. Two points are identical, if they differ by nothing else<br />
than their designation (otherwise non-identical). Then they coincide (otherwise they do not).<br />
Definition: Two non-identical points are c<strong>all</strong>ed, with two options, starting and end point and,<br />
considered as a whole, elementary line segment or pair (<strong>of</strong> points). A chain <strong>of</strong> elementary<br />
line segments consists <strong>of</strong> an initial elementary line segment and possibly further elementary<br />
line segments, whose starting point each coincides with the end point <strong>of</strong> an elementary line<br />
segment different from them, where the end points are each pairwise non-identical, as well<br />
as starting and end point are uniquely determined.<br />
Definition: A starting point <strong>of</strong> the chain <strong>of</strong> elementary line segments is then c<strong>all</strong>ed, in each<br />
case, connected with its end point. A chain <strong>of</strong> elementary line segments, for that three points<br />
<strong>of</strong> it, chosen freely, satisfy the triangle inequality for every metric (selected in each case) always<br />
with equality, is c<strong>all</strong>ed line segment. Depending on its length, it is c<strong>all</strong>ed (in-) finite. The<br />
maximal line segment, with as many points as the number <strong>of</strong> the real numbers, defined in set<br />
theory, is c<strong>all</strong>ed straight line. More specific<strong>all</strong>y, a line segment is only a chain <strong>of</strong> elementary<br />
line segments that was cut out from a straight line at its starting and end point. One can define<br />
(in-) finite line segments with (in-) finitely many points and obtains this way four different<br />
possibilities <strong>to</strong> define line segments.<br />
Definition: Line segments are c<strong>all</strong>ed congruent, if their starting and end points have in each<br />
case the same Euclidean distance. A point y <strong>of</strong> a line segment is located between two points<br />
x and z different from it and among themselves, if for the Euclidean norm ||x - z|| = ||x - y|| +<br />
||y - z||. If we have addition<strong>all</strong>y ||x - y|| = ||y - z|| = ½ ||x - z||, it builds the middle between x<br />
and z. If the three points are not located on a line segment, so each is located between the<br />
two others, depending on the perspective. If two not end-point-identical line segments have<br />
an identical starting point, and if their end points coincide with the starting resp. end point <strong>of</strong><br />
another line segment, so <strong>all</strong> three edge a triangle and are c<strong>all</strong>ed sides <strong>of</strong> the triangle, whose<br />
three starting resp. end points are c<strong>all</strong>ed vertices <strong>of</strong> the triangle.<br />
Definition: If we duplicate a triangle by letting coincide (combining) the two corresponding<br />
sides so that the original (starting point) end point coincides with the duplicated (end point)<br />
starting point, we obtain a par<strong>all</strong>elogram, if it is yet ensured that the original triangle vertex<br />
that is not on the combined side has maximum distance from the associated duplicated vertex,<br />
with regard <strong>to</strong> the Euclidean norm. Here, two corresponding sides and their partial line<br />
segments are c<strong>all</strong>ed par<strong>all</strong>el.<br />
Definition: A point <strong>of</strong> a line segment is c<strong>all</strong>ed its inner point, if it is not identical with its starting<br />
and end point. Two line segments intersect at a point, if they have only an inner point in<br />
common. The geometry is c<strong>all</strong>ed free <strong>of</strong> point identity, if we permit in their over<strong>all</strong> result <strong>of</strong> the<br />
point-set no identical points, otherwise open for point identity.<br />
Remark: Angles are defined via scalar product, Euclidean norm and cosine function as usual,<br />
hyperplanes, circles, spheres, etc. by the sufficiently known equations. This can also happen<br />
otherwise (for example as by Hilbert). It is gener<strong>all</strong>y useful <strong>to</strong> specify maximum distances <strong>of</strong><br />
the points. In the non-Euclidean geometry, the definitions parti<strong>all</strong>y vary.<br />
Result: For shorter defined straight lines, arbitrarily many counter-examples, with the above,<br />
can easily be given for the par<strong>all</strong>el axiom, Pasch's axiom, the axiom <strong>of</strong> line completeness<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 36 <strong>of</strong> 154
and several other axioms and their equivalents. This was <strong>to</strong> be shown. The par<strong>all</strong>el axiom is<br />
redundant in Euclidean geometry, since a par<strong>all</strong>el straight line through a further point is<br />
uniquely determined by its maximality. Any other straight line through this point has a point<br />
that has another distance as that <strong>to</strong> the original straight line, and can therefore not be par<strong>all</strong>el<br />
<strong>to</strong> it. The Archimedean axiom is <strong>to</strong> extend <strong>to</strong> a trans-natural number <strong>of</strong> ablations <strong>of</strong> a line<br />
segment, which cannot be done beyond the starting and end point <strong>of</strong> a straight line, or <strong>to</strong><br />
replace by the Archimedean proposition (in the finite case). Pasch's axiom is also dispensable<br />
if one considers that a straight line must completely pass the interior <strong>of</strong> a triangle because<br />
<strong>of</strong> its maximality, including its boundary. There must be only enough inner points per<br />
side. Maximality means here that longer straight lines than the real numbers define are not <strong>to</strong><br />
be considered.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 37 <strong>of</strong> 154
Equitable Distributing<br />
In life, there is <strong>of</strong>ten distribution unfairness. Although the following is not new, equitable distributing<br />
is <strong>to</strong> be demonstrated by examples that occur daily at school:<br />
1. How are work-results distributed equitably?<br />
2. How does one channel groups equitably through the cafeteria?<br />
3. How does one form equitably groups in physical instruction?<br />
To 1.: The work results are put down first alphabetic<strong>all</strong>y, arranged according <strong>to</strong> the names <strong>of</strong><br />
the present pupils (in trays, on the table or the like). The names are or will be put down alphabetic<strong>all</strong>y<br />
in a spread-sheet analysis (except the missing pupils). Behind each name a<br />
random number is produced. The names are arranged according <strong>to</strong> the random number. The<br />
pupils are c<strong>all</strong>ed according <strong>to</strong> this order (possibly in groups) so that they can receive their<br />
work results.<br />
To 2.: At the beginning, groups with members are formed that would like <strong>to</strong> dine <strong>to</strong>gether or<br />
are <strong>to</strong> do this. These groups (-names) become arranged as under 1. described. Then for<br />
each group (the available output time) * group size/diners is computed. The second group<br />
goes <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> the cafeteria if the time determined for the first group is past. The third group follows<br />
if addition<strong>all</strong>y the time for the second group has elapsed and so on. If necessary, the<br />
points in time have <strong>to</strong> be computed rounded. If singular groups can do only <strong>to</strong> certain time<br />
intervals, they are distributed first on the time intervals. Then the procedure continues with<br />
the remainder time for the remaining.<br />
To 3.: At the beginning, groups <strong>of</strong> same capacity are formed and the individual names are<br />
written in a firm sequence one below the other and after an assigned group number numbered<br />
seri<strong>all</strong>y. If group members are missing, they are first filtered, as e.g. the entry "missing"<br />
is noted behind their name and afterwards is selected after the empty entries.<br />
The group size should be a multiple <strong>of</strong> the number <strong>of</strong> groups that can be formed. The sequence<br />
<strong>of</strong> the names should be firm, for reasons <strong>of</strong> the probability. Changes <strong>of</strong> the capacity<br />
are considered in changed groups. Behind each name, the numbering is divided by the number<br />
<strong>of</strong> groups. If the numbering does not begin with 0, a number must be subtracted before<br />
accordingly. The decimal places <strong>of</strong> the received values are truncated. This can be attained<br />
also by a rounding <strong>of</strong> the values reduced by 1/2. In a further column, now random numbers<br />
are registered.<br />
Whereupon the three columns are only arranged according <strong>to</strong> the values determined first,<br />
then addition<strong>all</strong>y according <strong>to</strong> the random numbers. In a fourth column, beginning from<br />
above, the numbers from 1 <strong>to</strong> number <strong>of</strong> groups are registered. After the last value, it is<br />
again continued with 1 up <strong>to</strong> the number <strong>of</strong> groups and so on. Now the numbers are sorted<br />
again according <strong>to</strong> names. Fin<strong>all</strong>y the group assignments can be announced in alphabetical<br />
order.<br />
If the number <strong>of</strong> pupils who can be divided is not a multiple <strong>of</strong> the number <strong>of</strong> groups, proxies<br />
from the same group should be formed <strong>to</strong> each name. The names that have the sm<strong>all</strong>est<br />
time absent by sitting out are intended for sitting outs. They deputise for their deputies (e.g.,<br />
if there are several runs in an instruction unit). The time absent is credited accordingly.<br />
A simple procedure with a dice (instead <strong>of</strong> a computer) functions as follows: The pupils are<br />
set up ordered according <strong>to</strong> their (self-determined or over-directed) capacity on a line. The<br />
one with the highest capacity is assigned <strong>to</strong> one <strong>of</strong> the groups by throwing the dice. The next<br />
one is determined under the remaining groups by the dice and so on. If each group has a<br />
member, it is continued as with the one with the highest capacity now with the one with the<br />
henceforth highest capacity.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 38 <strong>of</strong> 154
Without considerable aids, groups can be formed also as follows: All pupils are requested <strong>to</strong><br />
move respectively in a circle after their capacity coincident<strong>all</strong>y. Couple formation is prevented<br />
with the request "A and B apart <strong>to</strong> the circle line!". After the command "s<strong>to</strong>p!" everyone remains<br />
at his place. One <strong>of</strong> the pupils is now requested <strong>to</strong> leave its place and move on an<br />
approximate circle line around the remaining or around in each case a group.<br />
After a further command "s<strong>to</strong>p!" the pupils are divided by imaginary straight lines <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> groups.<br />
First, the intersection is build the straight line forms through the break point <strong>of</strong> the one who<br />
stands on the circle line and the respective centre <strong>of</strong> the circle with the group circle line. The<br />
groups are defined by par<strong>all</strong>el straight lines that go par<strong>all</strong>el <strong>to</strong> the straight line through the<br />
respective intersection and the respective centre <strong>of</strong> the circle.<br />
These procedures are more equitable than the judging selection by individual pupils. Three<br />
capacities are sufficient according <strong>to</strong> experience.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 39 <strong>of</strong> 154
Set theory<br />
Preliminary remark: Sufficiently known axioms define the convention<strong>all</strong>y real numbers ℝ (as<br />
<strong>to</strong>t<strong>all</strong>y ordered field) and convention<strong>all</strong>y complex numbers ℂ (with additional imaginary unit i),<br />
<strong>all</strong> numbers ≠ 0 with absolute value ≤ � resp. ≥ 1/� and � := ⌊1 + max ℝ⌋ - ⌊max ℝ⌋/� ⌊max ℝ⌋<br />
(<strong>see</strong> transcendent numbers and below), which can be continued in <strong>all</strong> infinity with the same<br />
opera<strong>to</strong>rs and is realised this way in the following. Hereby, the completeness axiom can be<br />
relinquished (<strong>see</strong> below). The convention<strong>all</strong>y natural numbers ℕ* are defined therein as <strong>all</strong><br />
emerging sums by adding 1 <strong>to</strong> 0 (with 0 as ℕ), convention<strong>all</strong>y integer numbers ℤ by adding<br />
the additive inverses <strong>of</strong> ℕ, the convention<strong>all</strong>y rational numbers ℚ by fractions with convention<strong>all</strong>y<br />
integer numera<strong>to</strong>r and convention<strong>all</strong>y natural denomina<strong>to</strong>r ≠ 0.<br />
Definition: A complex number whose absolute value is greater than � is c<strong>all</strong>ed infinite. A<br />
complex number different from zero whose absolute value <strong>of</strong> its reciprocal is infinite is c<strong>all</strong>ed<br />
infinitesimal. Convention<strong>all</strong>y real numbers that are not convention<strong>all</strong>y rational are c<strong>all</strong>ed irrational.<br />
Definition: The sum p(x) = amx m + am-1x m-1 + ... + a1x + a0 is c<strong>all</strong>ed polynomial. Here m ∈ ℕ* is<br />
the degree <strong>of</strong> the polynomial if am ≠ 0, and the ak ∈ ℤ with k ∈ ℕ≤m are c<strong>all</strong>ed coefficients (<strong>of</strong><br />
the polynomial). The conventional complex numbers x that let the sum become zero (soc<strong>all</strong>ed<br />
zeros <strong>of</strong> the polynomial) are c<strong>all</strong>ed algebraic. The corresponding sets are Aℝ in the<br />
real case and Aℂ in the complex one. In the special case am = 1 one speaks <strong>of</strong> algebraic integers.<br />
Convention<strong>all</strong>y complex numbers x that let no polynomial become zero are c<strong>all</strong>ed transcendent.<br />
Definition: Algebraic numbers that are denoted by finitely many concrete figures are c<strong>all</strong>ed<br />
concretely given, the ones that can be denoted this way concretely specifiable. Both <strong>to</strong>gether<br />
form the subset <strong>of</strong> concrete numbers, which is symbolised as well as for the subsets <strong>of</strong> algebraic<br />
numbers with the prefix c . Infinitesimal numbers and those in that the absolute value is<br />
maxim<strong>all</strong>y a concretely specifiable number are c<strong>all</strong>ed finite. The remaining algebraic numbers<br />
are c<strong>all</strong>ed inconcrete, and the prefix symbol is u . They form an interstage between the<br />
(in any case finite) concrete and the infinite numbers.<br />
Definition: Algebraic numbers can be denoted by (am, am-1, ..., a1, a0; g, h; #l, Mv; w, p)s,<br />
whereby the number 0 is represented with g = h = a0 = 0, with g ∈ ℕ* (ℤ 0 (< 0), with g = 0, h ∈ ℕ* (ℤ 0 (<<br />
0), and the remaining algebraic numbers are so correspondingly. #l specifies the number l ∈<br />
ℕ* <strong>of</strong> zeros if at least for one ak, a variable is used, Mv the number v ∈ ℕ <strong>of</strong> multiple zeros.<br />
With a minimal polynomial (with a0 = 0 only for the polynomial x = 0) for the specification s<br />
the letter m is denoted, otherwise the letter n. The numeric value is represented by w with<br />
precision p.<br />
Remark: In this way the zeros <strong>of</strong> a polynomial with integer or rational coefficients can be<br />
strictly <strong>to</strong>t<strong>all</strong>y ordered, if multiple zeros are not distinguished. The particulars g, h, # l, Mv, s,<br />
w and p can be omitted as the case may be (e.g. for rational numbers). The (|ℕ|+2)-tuple (0,<br />
..., 0, am, ..., a0, g, h)m with natural ak form a lexical strict well-ordering for the algebraic numbers.<br />
Remark: The sets continued <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> infinity are preceded by ~ , numbers residing in infinity by<br />
trans- and their corresponding sets by T . The conventional notation is used for the conventional<br />
and trans-conventional numbers. If the conventional numbers are meant, this is indicated<br />
by the preceding word conventional. The number <strong>of</strong> <strong>all</strong> elements <strong>of</strong> a set M is denoted<br />
with |M|. If the carrier <strong>of</strong> an interval is unclear, it follows the interval.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 40 <strong>of</strong> 154
Examples: The concretely specifiable numbers (1, 0, 0, 0, -1)n are given as 1, -1, i, -i. The<br />
concretely given golden number (1 + √5)/2 is denoted as (1, -1, -1; 1, 0; 1.618033, 10 -6 )m.<br />
The number 0.⥘ = 0.11...11 with |ℕ*| ones after the comma is inconcrete and different from<br />
the concretely given number1/9, since 9 × 0.⥘ = 0.99...99 = 1 - 10 -| ℕ *| ≠ 1. Hence it is transcendent<br />
(cf. transcendent numbers) and would have <strong>to</strong> be denoted for instance as (9 ×<br />
10 | ℕ *| , 1 - 10 | ℕ *| ).<br />
Definition: A number a + bi with a, b ∈ ℚ is c<strong>all</strong>ed convention<strong>all</strong>y complex-rational. A number<br />
±b1/b2 ± ib3/b4 is c<strong>all</strong>ed trans-complex-rational if for k ∈ {1, 2, 3, 4} with b2b4 ≠ 0 for at least<br />
one bk |bk| ∈ ~ ℕ≥|ℕ| applies - with convention<strong>all</strong>y integer bk else. The complex numbers that<br />
satisfy polynomial equations p(x) = 0 <strong>of</strong> degree or with integer coefficients <strong>of</strong> absolute value ≥<br />
|ℕ| form with the algebraic ones the field <strong>of</strong> hyper-algebraic numbers with infinitely many subfields.<br />
The pro<strong>of</strong>s and results are obtained as for the algebraic numbers. Analogously there<br />
are also hyper-transcendent numbers.<br />
Remark: The assertion that |ℝ| should equal 2 | ℕ | states that <strong>all</strong> convention<strong>all</strong>y real numbers<br />
can be developed <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> dual numbers. Against this speaks, on the one hand, that many convention<strong>all</strong>y<br />
rational numbers can be represented only approximately as dual numbers and<br />
much more that convention<strong>all</strong>y real numbers may be also sums with sm<strong>all</strong>er exponents <strong>of</strong> 2<br />
than the 2 -n set minimal. For example, the number ⅓ is only approximately included as<br />
0.01010101... and must be distinguished from it.<br />
Proposition: For no set, there is a bijection <strong>to</strong> its proper subset.<br />
Pro<strong>of</strong>: We prove this by (convention<strong>all</strong>y natural and trans-natural) induction, starting with the<br />
single<strong>to</strong>n and progressing over multi-element sets by successively adding an element. The<br />
same result is obtained if one removes an element from a set and wants <strong>to</strong> find a bijection for<br />
the resulting set: There is none, because the missing element cannot be replaced. The natural<br />
induction again proves the claim.<br />
Conclusion: Thus especi<strong>all</strong>y Dedekind-infinity and Can<strong>to</strong>r's diagonal argument are discounted,<br />
since ℕ is a proper subset <strong>of</strong> ℚ. A translation <strong>of</strong> an infinite set always leads out <strong>of</strong><br />
this set. Thus Hilbert's hotel is destroyed. Concerning the continuum hypothesis is <strong>to</strong> say that<br />
there is an infinite number <strong>of</strong> sets whose number <strong>of</strong> elements lies between that <strong>of</strong> ℕ and that<br />
<strong>of</strong> ℝ.<br />
Completion lemma: The set <strong>of</strong> convention<strong>all</strong>y natural numbers is not closed concerning addition.<br />
Pro<strong>of</strong>: If one forms by bijection <strong>to</strong> ℕ the set 2ℕ, so this contains elements that cannot be contained<br />
in ℕ, since the odd numbers are missing in 2ℕ. On the other hand, for <strong>all</strong> k ∈ ℕ also k<br />
+ k must be included in ℕ. This contradiction implies the assertion.<br />
Conclusion: The convention<strong>all</strong>y rational, algebraic, real and complex numbers as well as<br />
their supersets are also not closed concerning addition, because they are based on the addition<br />
<strong>of</strong> convention<strong>all</strong>y natural numbers, resp. then the addition for some elements cannot be<br />
anymore be appropriately defined, because it cannot go beyond | ~ ℕ|. The lack <strong>of</strong> completion<br />
is also transferable <strong>to</strong> multiplication and inversion, since they build on the addition. Sum, difference,<br />
product and quotient <strong>of</strong> two concretely given numbers are always concretely specifiable.<br />
All this results especi<strong>all</strong>y from the following<br />
Minimax proposition: In every non-empty parti<strong>all</strong>y ordered set, each chain contains exactly<br />
one minimal and one maximal element, and thus the set itself at least one each.<br />
Pro<strong>of</strong>: For finite sets, the claim is clear. Infinite chains and such with inconcretely natur<strong>all</strong>y<br />
many elements are isomorphic <strong>to</strong> sets consisting only <strong>of</strong> consecutive ordinal numbers - start-<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 41 <strong>of</strong> 154
ing with 0. Consider now the set [0, 2 | ℕ | ] ~ ℕ. This is isomorphic <strong>to</strong> the homogeneous set ([0,<br />
2 | ℕ | ] ~ ℕ)/2 | ℕ | , which that consists <strong>of</strong> the numbers {0, 1, ½, ¼, ¾, ⅛, ⅜, ⅝, ⅞, ...}, emerged by<br />
successively bisecting the distances <strong>of</strong> the elements, by dint <strong>of</strong> the mapping k ↦ k / 2 | ℕ | for k<br />
∈ [0, 2 | ℕ | ] ~ ℕ. It has exactly the minimal element 0 and the maximal element 1. By thinning, the<br />
assertion holds also for the set ℕ by dint <strong>of</strong> the mapping 2 k ↦ k, with what the notation |ℕ|,<br />
with the maximum element |ℕ*|, is justified. The assertion now follows by natural induction<br />
for <strong>all</strong> sm<strong>all</strong>er ordinal number sets by removing elements from ([0, 2 | ℕ | ] ~ ℕ)/2 | ℕ | with 1/2 | ℕ | -<br />
steps, and for <strong>all</strong> bigger ordinal number sets by successively still increasing the exponent |ℕ|.<br />
Indefiniteness lemma: About the minimal and maximal elements <strong>of</strong> an inconcrete or infinite<br />
set, only a more precise statement can be made if there are decision criteria present. This<br />
particularly applies <strong>to</strong> the element with the sm<strong>all</strong>est or the greatest absolute value <strong>of</strong> the real<br />
and complex numbers.<br />
Pro<strong>of</strong>: Clear.<br />
Definition: The greatest concrete or finite element max c Aℝ is denoted as �, the sm<strong>all</strong>est inconcrete<br />
one greater than � as �+ and the sm<strong>all</strong>est infinite one greater than � as �+ as well<br />
as the absolutely greatest one max ~ ℝ as �∞.<br />
Example: It is undecidable whether |ℕ| is even or not, since who examines the middle <strong>of</strong> ℕ<br />
as homogeneous isomorphic interval [0, 1]ℕ/|ℕ| = ℕ/|ℕ| can only find something (extensive)<br />
and not nothing, which would be, contradic<strong>to</strong>rily, divisible, what makes the argument circular.<br />
Therefore we cannot say, whether being or non-being is attributed <strong>to</strong> the middle, whether it is<br />
element or not. For | c ℕ|, we would need also more precise information.<br />
Remark: ℕ is uniquely determined, but not in every respect. From ℕ = {0} ∪ {n + 1 finite : n ∈<br />
ℕ} and 1 + max ℕ ∉ ℕ, no contradiction can be construed, since from the assumption ∃ n ∈ ℕ<br />
(n + 1 ∉ ℕ) only follows, without contradiction, n = max ℕ. In <strong>all</strong> subsets <strong>of</strong> ~ ℂ, the opera<strong>to</strong>rs<br />
permitted in <strong>all</strong> subsets <strong>of</strong> ℂ can be used in the same way (transfer principle), which is <strong>to</strong> be<br />
shown in individual cases, but remains undone here because <strong>of</strong> their number.<br />
Remark: The symbol ∞ can be adjoined <strong>to</strong> the complex and real numbers, with which can be<br />
calculated as with a variable and whose value is <strong>to</strong> be greater than �∞. Since division by 0 is<br />
not defined, due <strong>to</strong> the lack <strong>of</strong> uniqueness in calculations, one can manage this with replacing,<br />
wherever it is opportune, for example, ±0 by ±1/∞, depending on which direction one is<br />
interested in, and calculating with ∞ as described above. Then calculating is again unique<br />
and consistent. Considering vague limits can be avoided, but every replacement should be<br />
carefully considered where it makes sense, and it should not be arbitrarily switched between<br />
the symbols. In this way, integral and differential for each operation on the complex and real<br />
numbers can be defined such that each function is everywhere integrable and differentiable -<br />
at least as a directional derivative (<strong>see</strong> nonstandardanalysis).<br />
Definition: Let the circular constant � be defined as area or the half circumference <strong>of</strong> the unit<br />
circle. Let Euler's number e be defined as solution <strong>of</strong> the equation x i� = -1. Then, let a logarithm<br />
function ln be defined by e ln z = z and the corresponding power function by z s s ln z<br />
= e<br />
with complex s and z. In this way, the exponentiation can be defined (symbolic<strong>all</strong>y). Computation<strong>all</strong>y,<br />
one will usu<strong>all</strong>y have <strong>to</strong> be content with approximations.<br />
Lemma: The Archimedean property does not apply for infinitely many real numbers.<br />
Pro<strong>of</strong>: Let a ∈ ℝ>1 and b = 1/|ℕ*|. Then applies b n ≤ 1 < a for <strong>all</strong> n ∈ ℕ.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 42 <strong>of</strong> 154
Archimedean proposition: There is a n ∈ (c) ℕ with b n > a, iff for a > b with a, b ∈ ℝ>0 a/b <<br />
| (c) ℕ*| applies.<br />
Pro<strong>of</strong>: If a/b ≥ | (c) ℕ*| applies, then also a/b ≥ n is valid for <strong>all</strong> n ∈ (c) ℕ.<br />
In the following, the behaviour for inconcrete n ∈ ℕ is considered.<br />
Remark: Let be m ∈ ℕ the maximum <strong>all</strong>owable degree <strong>of</strong> the polynomial and n the maximum<br />
absolute value that the convention<strong>all</strong>y integer coefficients ak <strong>of</strong> the polynomials amx m + am-1x m-<br />
1 + ... + a1x + a0 with k ∈ ℕ≤m are <strong>to</strong> take. This is justified since the ak are not distinguished<br />
against each other. The number <strong>of</strong> convention<strong>all</strong>y algebraic numbers corresponds <strong>to</strong> the<br />
number <strong>of</strong> zeros <strong>of</strong> the so defined normalised irreducible polynomials: The greatest common<br />
divisor gcd <strong>of</strong> their coefficients is 1 and it applies am > 0 and a0 ≠ 0.<br />
Theorem: For the number Am <strong>of</strong> convention<strong>all</strong>y algebraic numbers (<strong>of</strong> the polynomial degree<br />
m, and thus in general) applies the asymp<strong>to</strong>tical equation<br />
m<br />
� �� � �<br />
��m�1� m<br />
m<br />
� � �� � �<br />
z m 2n 1 n<br />
A � � O z m 2n � 1 ln n ,<br />
where � is the Riemann zeta function and z(m) the (average) number <strong>of</strong> zeros <strong>of</strong> a polynomial.<br />
Pro<strong>of</strong>: To determine the number <strong>of</strong> the reducible polynomials, multiply a left polynomial fac<strong>to</strong>r,<br />
with coefficients whose absolute value is maxim<strong>all</strong>y one, successively by two and check<br />
how great the coefficients <strong>of</strong> a right polynomial may maxim<strong>all</strong>y become when building the<br />
product. For this O(ln n) steps are necessary and the multiplications by two are neutralised in<br />
each step by the divisions by two. The fac<strong>to</strong>r 1/�(m+1) provides for the elimination <strong>of</strong> polynomials<br />
with gcd(a0, a1, ..., am) ≠ 1. To eliminate multiples <strong>of</strong> the prime p, the multiplication <strong>of</strong><br />
the number <strong>of</strong> polynomials with (1-p -m-1 ) is required. Building the product over <strong>all</strong> the primes<br />
and developing the fac<strong>to</strong>rs <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> geometric series yields, after multiplying, the fac<strong>to</strong>r <strong>of</strong><br />
1/�(m+1). If exactly one coefficient is 0, �(m+1) would be <strong>to</strong> be replaced by �(m). This replacement<br />
is, however, equ<strong>all</strong>y covered by the correction term as the polynomials that have<br />
more than one coefficient equal <strong>to</strong> 0. In the case m = 1, the correction term O(n ln n) is necessary<br />
if one calculates the number <strong>of</strong> the convention<strong>all</strong>y rational numbers via Euler's <strong>to</strong>tient<br />
function as<br />
n<br />
�<br />
4 �(k) �1.<br />
For m > 1, the correction term O(z(m)(2n+1) m ln n) cannot be ex-<br />
k�1 ceeded because <strong>of</strong> the divisibility circumstances, so that it is justified and the claim follows.<br />
Remark: In the complex case, according <strong>to</strong> the fundamental theorem <strong>of</strong> algebra applies z(m)<br />
= m. In the real case, z(m) is asymp<strong>to</strong>tic<strong>all</strong>y equal <strong>to</strong> 2/� ln m + O(1) after (Mark Kac, "On the<br />
average number <strong>of</strong> real roots <strong>of</strong> a random algebraic equation. II.", Proc. London Math. Soc.<br />
50 (1949), 390-408. MR 11:40e).<br />
Examples: For m = 1 one obtains 12n 2 /� 2 + O(n ln n) convention<strong>all</strong>y rational solutions. For m<br />
= 2 one obtains 4n 3 /�(3) + O(n 2 ln n) convention<strong>all</strong>y real solutions, since a convention<strong>all</strong>y real<br />
polynomial <strong>of</strong> degree 2 has two convention<strong>all</strong>y real zeros with probability ½. For am = 1 one<br />
obtains z(m)(2n+1) m + O(z(m)(2n+1) m-1 ln n) convention<strong>all</strong>y algebraic integer solutions. That<br />
what was said above about z(m) here also applies.<br />
Examples: For m = n = |ℕ|, we obtain in the real case<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 43 <strong>of</strong> 154
and in the complex case<br />
* 2 � �<br />
ln<br />
A � �O<br />
ln<br />
�<br />
* 2<br />
� �<br />
A � �O ln .<br />
Examples: The set <strong>of</strong> convention<strong>all</strong>y algebraic numbers contains no numbers whose absolute<br />
value is less than 1/(|ℤ| | ℕ* | |ℕ| 2 ) or greater than |ℤ| | ℕ* | |ℕ| 2 . The number <strong>of</strong> the set <strong>of</strong> complex<br />
(real) numbers includes as many elements as one <strong>all</strong>ows. These can be created, among<br />
other techniques, by continued exponentiation.<br />
Remark: The determination <strong>of</strong> the number <strong>of</strong> elements <strong>of</strong> any constructed (in-) finite set must<br />
consider exactly its construction before it can be related <strong>to</strong> the number <strong>of</strong> convention<strong>all</strong>y<br />
natural numbers. This should be, due <strong>to</strong> its simple construction, used as basis. Without<br />
knowing the construction <strong>of</strong> a set, their number cannot be (uniquely) determined. If there are<br />
several construction options, the most plausible should be used, i.e. it should represent (in-)<br />
finiteness in the best possible way, in the sense <strong>of</strong> differentiation. Since this requires a value<br />
judgement, it has not <strong>to</strong> be uniquely determined. If one does not agree on a single construction<br />
option, despite rational reasoning, so the calculated number <strong>of</strong> elements <strong>of</strong> the set is <strong>to</strong><br />
state with its construction.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 44 <strong>of</strong> 154
Nonstandardanalysis<br />
Preliminary remark: In the following, the notations from the set theory are applied and let be<br />
always m, n ∈ ℕ*. The integration and differentiation on arbitrary always non-empty subsets<br />
A <strong>of</strong> the sets ℂ n or ℝ n with arbitrary n are studied (especi<strong>all</strong>y for convention<strong>all</strong>y nonmeasurable,<br />
inconcrete and infinite sets, as well as discontinuous functions). A generalisation<br />
<strong>to</strong> other sets is easily possible.<br />
Definition: For z0 ∈ ℂ n and the Euclidean norm ||z0|| z ∈ ℂ n with the set <strong>of</strong> neighbourhood relations<br />
B ⊆ ℂ n ×ℂ n is c<strong>all</strong>ed neighbour ñB(z0) <strong>of</strong> z0 ≠ z with (z0, z) ∈ B if there is no w ∈ ℂ n with z<br />
≠ w ≠ z0 and (z0, w) ∈ B, as well as (w, z) ∈ B with<br />
||z0 - w|| + ||w - z|| = ||z0 - z||.<br />
The set ÑB(z0) <strong>of</strong> <strong>all</strong> neighbours <strong>of</strong> z0 with respect <strong>to</strong> B is c<strong>all</strong>ed neighbourhood <strong>of</strong> z0 with<br />
respect <strong>to</strong> B. The irreflexive, but not necessarily symmetric neighbourhood relations in B are<br />
noted always as (predecessor, successor) in the form (z0, �z0) or (�z0, z0), whereby � and<br />
� are pronounced "suc" and "pre". Let be z0 ∈ A and f: A → ℂ m . In the following, the pro<strong>of</strong>s<br />
with predecessors are usu<strong>all</strong>y omitted, since they run similarly <strong>to</strong> those with successors.<br />
Then f is c<strong>all</strong>ed �B-successor-continuous in z0 if for infinitesimal � ∈ ℝ>0 applies:<br />
||f(�B z0) - f(z0)|| < �.<br />
If f is for <strong>all</strong> �B z0 ∈ ÑB(z0) �B-successor-continuous, then one speaks simply <strong>of</strong> �B-<br />
continuity. If the inequality applies only for � = 1/�, one speaks simply <strong>of</strong> (B-successor-) continuity.<br />
If one writes x0 for each z0, x for each z, and ℝ for each ℂ, we obtain the convention<strong>all</strong>y<br />
real case. The �B-predecessor-continuity results analogously.<br />
Remark: In practice, we will determine � by estimating (after consideration <strong>of</strong> any jump discontinuities<br />
<strong>of</strong> f). If B is obvious or unimportant, it can be omitted. This is in the following always<br />
the case if B = B1×...×Bn with Bk ∈ {ℂ, ℝ} for k ∈ [1, n]ℕ applies.<br />
Definition: Let f be a (uniquely) defined function f: A → ℂ m . Then<br />
d �B zBf(z) := f(�B z) - f(z)<br />
is c<strong>all</strong>ed B-differential <strong>to</strong>wards �B z <strong>of</strong> f in z ∈ A. If f is the identity, that is f(z) = z, we write<br />
d �B zBz instead <strong>of</strong> d �B zf(z). If A or �B z are obvious or unimportant, they can be omitted.<br />
The convention<strong>all</strong>y real case results analogously as above.<br />
Definition: The function �B: A → ~ ℝ≥0 with dBxk, dByk ∈ ℝ>0 for <strong>all</strong> k ∈ [1, n]ℕ and <strong>all</strong> z = x + iy<br />
∈ A ⊆ ℂ n with x, y ∈ ℝ n as well as<br />
� �� �<br />
B(A) dBx dBy<br />
z�A1�k�n k k<br />
with �B(∅) = |∅| = 0 is c<strong>all</strong>ed exact B-measure <strong>of</strong> A and A B-measurable, provided there is for<br />
no w ∈ A with xk ≤ Re wk ≤ xk + dBxk and yk ≤ Im wk ≤ yk + dByk for <strong>all</strong> k ∈ [1, n]ℕ for a z ∈ A a<br />
j ∈ [1, n]ℕ, so that xj < Re wj < xj + dBxj or yj < Im wj < yj + dByj is fulfilled. For A ⊆ ℝ n , the<br />
formula can be analogously simplified <strong>to</strong><br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 45 <strong>of</strong> 154
� �� �<br />
B(A) dBx .<br />
x�A1�k�n Remark: Obviously, �B(A) is additive and uniquely determined, i. e., if A is a union <strong>of</strong> pairwise<br />
disjoint sets Ak with k ∈ ~ ℕ, so we have<br />
�<br />
~<br />
k�<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 46 <strong>of</strong> 154<br />
k<br />
� �<br />
�B(A) � �B<br />
A .<br />
It is moreover strictly mono<strong>to</strong>ne, i.e. for sets A, D ⊆ ℂ n (ℝ n ) with A ⊂ D applies<br />
�B(A) < �B(D). Thus, it measures more accurately than other measures and is optimal, since<br />
it turns out neither sm<strong>all</strong>er nor greater than the individual distances <strong>of</strong> the points par<strong>all</strong>el <strong>to</strong><br />
the coordinate axes amount, because it merely considers the neighbourhood <strong>of</strong> a point. Concepts<br />
such as �-algebra or null sets are not needed here, since the empty set is the only null<br />
set here.<br />
Definition: With the notations above, the B-derivative <strong>to</strong>wards �B z <strong>of</strong> the function f, then<br />
<strong>to</strong>wards �B z exactly B-differentiable, in A at the position � ∈ A ⊆ ℂ is defined as<br />
dBf( �) f( B �) � f( �)<br />
f� B�B(<br />
�) : � �<br />
,<br />
dB� B�<br />
� �<br />
provided the difference quotient in the middle is defined.<br />
If A or �B z are obvious or unimportant, they can be omitted. The convention<strong>all</strong>y real case<br />
results analogously as above, and one speaks for �B w > w ∈ ℝ <strong>of</strong> the right-sided exact<br />
B-derivative fr′B(w), and for �Bw < w one does <strong>of</strong> the left-sided exact derivative fl′B(w).<br />
If the derivatives match <strong>to</strong>wards <strong>all</strong> neighbours, one speaks correspondingly <strong>of</strong> the exact derivative<br />
f′B(�) (f is then in ℂ convention<strong>all</strong>y regarded as holomorphic).<br />
Remark: Differentiability thus can be easily established. One can define the exact derivative<br />
in the convention<strong>all</strong>y real case alternatively also everywhere there as<br />
f( B w) � f( B w)<br />
f� bB(w):<br />
�<br />
B w� B w<br />
where the quotient is defined. This has the advantage that fb′B(w) can be regarded more as<br />
"tangent slope" in the point w, which can become rather zero for a local extremum, especi<strong>all</strong>y<br />
if f is �B-continuous in w. This is convenient, for example, if one wants <strong>to</strong> characterise the<br />
exact values <strong>of</strong> �B w and �B w only as arbitrarily close <strong>to</strong> w, or wants <strong>to</strong> round the exact<br />
derivatives suitably, in order <strong>to</strong> provide simple derivation rules, if necessary. The transfer <strong>to</strong><br />
the convention<strong>all</strong>y complex is done analogously.<br />
Definition: With z ∈ A ⊆ ℂ and f: A → ℂ as well as where dBz resp. �B z is defined,<br />
�<br />
z�A �<br />
f(z)dBz : � f(z)( B z �z)<br />
z�A is c<strong>all</strong>ed the exact B-integral in A over f(z) and f(z) is c<strong>all</strong>ed B-integrable. For �: [a, b[A → ℂ,<br />
A ⊆ ~ ℝ and f: ℂ → ℂ,<br />
k
� �<br />
f( �)dB � : � f( �(t)) � �D(t)dDt<br />
� t �[a,b[A<br />
with dDt > 0, �D t ∈ ]a, b]A and �B �(t) = �(�Dt) (so especi<strong>all</strong>y for A = ℝ, B maximal in ℂ 2<br />
and D maximal in ℝ 2 ) is c<strong>all</strong>ed the exact path integral <strong>of</strong> f along the path �. The convention<strong>all</strong>y<br />
real case results analogously as above. We write specific<strong>all</strong>y for<br />
�: [a, b[ℝ → ℝ and x ∈ D = ℝ:<br />
b<br />
f(x)dx � f(x)dx.<br />
� �<br />
�<br />
Remark: Obviously, the exact integration is a special case <strong>of</strong> summation. The exact integral<br />
coincides on the conventional ℂ or ℝ widely with conventional integrals; f must yet not be<br />
continuous and also else the conditions are significantly weaker, in order that the integral<br />
exists. For A = ℂ or ℝ, A can be omitted. Obviously, the exact integral is linear and, in the<br />
convention<strong>all</strong>y real case, mono<strong>to</strong>ne. The art <strong>of</strong> integrating consists in correctly summarising<br />
the addends.<br />
Definition: The exact B-integral in A ⊆ B1×...×Bn over a function f: A → C1×...×Cm, then<br />
B-integrable, with Bk, Cj ∈ {ℂ, ℝ} and k ∈ [1, n]ℕ, j ∈ [1, m]ℕ, z ∈ A is defined by<br />
� 1 1 n m 1 n<br />
� �<br />
z�A �zn�Bnz1�B1zn�Bnz1�B1�z�A © 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 47 <strong>of</strong> 154<br />
a<br />
� �<br />
f(z)dBz : � ... f (z)dBz ...dBz ,..., ... f (z)dBz ...dBz � .<br />
� � � � �<br />
Remark: Obviously, we have<br />
�<br />
x�A dBx ��B(A),<br />
if dBxk > 0 is fulfilled for <strong>all</strong> x ∈ A ⊆ ℝ n and <strong>all</strong> k ∈ [1, n]ℕ as well as the conditions mentioned<br />
for the exact B-measure.<br />
Remark: Analogously, the exact integral can be alternatively defined. But the original definitions<br />
are <strong>to</strong> handle the easiest way. If applicable, there is an appropriate Landau notation. If<br />
the result <strong>of</strong> differentiation lies outside <strong>of</strong> the domain, it should be replaced by the number<br />
lying closest <strong>to</strong> it, within the domain. If the number is not uniquely determined, the result is <strong>to</strong><br />
consist <strong>of</strong> <strong>all</strong> these numbers, or one may choose one (e.g. after a uniform rule).<br />
Definition: If<br />
dB(F(z))<br />
F�B z : � � f z<br />
dBz<br />
� � � �<br />
applies for <strong>all</strong> z ⊆ A ⊆ ℂ and <strong>all</strong> dBz ∈ ℂ with f: A → ℂ, so F(z) is c<strong>all</strong>ed B-antiderivative <strong>of</strong> f in<br />
A. In the convention<strong>all</strong>y real, left-sided and right-sided B-antiderivatives Fl(x) and Fr(x) with<br />
x ∈ ℝ can be distinguished, depending on whether we face the left-sided or right-sided<br />
B-derivative.<br />
Remark: Obviously, the B-antiderivatives <strong>of</strong> a function differ from each other only by a convention<strong>all</strong>y<br />
complex or real addend. B-antiderivatives <strong>of</strong> discontinuous functions can usu<strong>all</strong>y<br />
only be obtained by adding them up and skilfully combining them, such <strong>of</strong> piecewise �Bcontinuous<br />
functions easier (for example, by reversing the rules <strong>of</strong> derivation).<br />
r<br />
T
Definition: A set A ⊆ B1×...×Bn with Bp ∈ {ℂ, ℝ} for <strong>all</strong> p ∈ [1, n]ℕ and h ∈ ~ ℝ>0 is c<strong>all</strong>ed<br />
h-homogeneous, if �B zj = xj + h + iyj + ih applies for <strong>all</strong> zj ∈ Bj = ℂ and �B xk = xk + h for <strong>all</strong><br />
xk ∈ Bk = ℝ with j, k ∈ [1, n]ℕ.<br />
Example: Let be [a, b[h[1, n] ~ ℤ a non-empty h-homogeneous subset <strong>of</strong> [a, b[ℝ with B = ]a,<br />
b]h[1, n] ~ ℤ. For infinitesimal h and � = -a = b - h, [a, b[h[1, n] ~ ℤ is comparable with the conventional<br />
ℝ. Let be Tr furthermore a right-sided B-antiderivative <strong>of</strong> a taylor series t, not necessarily<br />
convergent in [a, b[h[1, n] ~ ℤ, and f(x) := t(x) + �(-1) x/h with convention<strong>all</strong>y real x and �<br />
≥ 1/�. For infinitesimal h, f is nowhere continuous, and can therewith nowhere be convention<strong>all</strong>y<br />
differentiated and integrated in [a, b[h[1, n] ~ ℤ, but it applies exactly for <strong>all</strong> h:<br />
and<br />
�<br />
~<br />
x �[a,b[h<br />
2 ( 1)<br />
f �<br />
��<br />
rB(x) �t� rB(x)<br />
�<br />
dBx<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 48 <strong>of</strong> 154<br />
x<br />
h<br />
a b<br />
h h<br />
� �<br />
�<br />
f(x)dBx � T r(b) � T r(a)<br />
� ( �1) � ( �1)<br />
.<br />
2<br />
Remark: ℝ is, however, not h-homogenous, as long from x ∈ ℝ always is <strong>to</strong> follow 1/x ∈ ℝ: If<br />
it is assumed h-homogenous for x in the interval ]0, 1[, so applies 1/x - 1/(x + h) = h/(x (x +<br />
h)) > h. Something similar is true, if ℝ is assumed h-homogenous for values > 1 and their<br />
reciprocals are considered. It is thus precisely <strong>to</strong> specify, with which definition and construction<br />
<strong>of</strong> ℝ it is dealt, e.g. with a h-homogenised ℝh. Analogously, there is also the<br />
h-homogenous set ℚh <strong>of</strong> rational numbers with max ℚh = -min ℚh = |ℕ| and h = min |w| =<br />
1/max kgV(1, 2, ..., m), with |ℚh| = kgV(1, 2, ..., m) (|ℤ| - 1) + 1 ≤ |ℚ| for w ∈ ℚ. Obviously,<br />
calculating in the conventional ℝ corresponds <strong>to</strong> calculating in ℚh. If the set Aℝ <strong>of</strong> the real<br />
algebraic numbers is h-homogenised, it is just at least as dense as the conventional ℝ, as<br />
one can easily realise with the h-homogenisation <strong>of</strong> the set ℕ ∪ {√2}.<br />
Remark: Much more important, interesting and relevant, for computers, are the hhomogeneous<br />
sets Bk with natural k that emerge by continued halving <strong>of</strong> the unit distance. If<br />
one agrees on an accuracy <strong>of</strong> representation 2 -k , so it can be calculated with this maximal<br />
accuracy <strong>of</strong> calculating. The h-homogenised ℝh should also be isomorphic <strong>to</strong> such an infinite<br />
set, where h = 2 -k is <strong>to</strong> be assumed minimal possible for x ∈ Bk and now trans-natural k. For<br />
every additional number x, concerning a h-homogenous underlying set, the newly emerged<br />
set can then be h-homogenised, if one agrees on an accuracy <strong>of</strong> representation for x.<br />
Example: The middle thirds Can<strong>to</strong>r set C has the measure µ(C) = (⅔) | ℕ* | . Let the function c:<br />
[0, 1] → {0, (⅔) | ℕ* | } be defined by c(x) = (⅔) -| ℕ* | for x ∈ C and c(x) = 0 for x ∈ [0, 1] \ C. Then it<br />
applies:<br />
�<br />
x�C 1<br />
�<br />
x�0 2 � �<br />
c(x)dx � c(x)dx � �(C) � 1.<br />
Example: For the classes a + ℚ with a ∈ ℝ <strong>of</strong> the equivalence relation x ~ y ⇔ x - y ∈ ℚ with<br />
x, y ∈ ℝ, their representatives can be specified by the set R = [0, 1/|ℕ*|[ with the measure<br />
�(R) = 1/|ℕ*|. Let the function r: ℝ → {0, 1} be defined by r(x) = 1 for x ∈ ℤ + R and r(x) = 0<br />
for x ∈ ℝ \ (ℤ + R). Then it applies:<br />
�<br />
x�<br />
1<br />
r(x)dx � �(R) � 2 � � 2.<br />
*<br />
3<br />
�<br />
*
Example (cf. set theory): Let A1 = [0, 1[ ∩ Aℝ and the function q: A1 → {0, 1} be defined by<br />
q(x) = 1 for x ∈ A1 and q(x) = 0 for x ∈ A1 ∩ ℚ. The exact integral over q(x)dx has then in A1<br />
the transcendent value<br />
1<br />
�<br />
0<br />
A �<br />
3<br />
q(x)dx � � 1� � 1.<br />
A � 1 �2 �3<br />
2<br />
� ln �Oln<br />
� �<br />
Remark: The sets C, R and ℚ are convention<strong>all</strong>y not measurable. Thus, the exact integral is<br />
more gener<strong>all</strong>y valid than Riemann, Lebesgue (-Stieltjes) integral and other integrals, since<br />
the latter exist only in convention<strong>all</strong>y measurable sets. The functions were chosen so easy<br />
only because <strong>of</strong> the clearness and may be, <strong>of</strong> course, more complicated.<br />
Definition: A sequence (ak) with members ak is a map <strong>of</strong> [1, p] ~ ℕ <strong>to</strong> ℂ m : k ↦ ak. A series is a<br />
sequence (sk) with the partial sums<br />
k<br />
sk � � a j.<br />
The sm<strong>all</strong>est index in sk for j can be defined differently (e.g. 0 or -k).<br />
j�1 Remark: Since sums can be arbitrarily added otherwise, because <strong>of</strong> the associative, commutative<br />
and distributive law, if is calculated correctly resp. with the Landau symbols, Fubini's<br />
theorem results for exact B-integrals, which <strong>all</strong>ows <strong>to</strong> change the order <strong>of</strong> integration arbitrarily.<br />
Remark: Thus, in particular, the Riemann series theorem is invalid, since one is coerced,<br />
when summing up the positive summands <strong>to</strong> a value aimed at, <strong>to</strong> add so many negative<br />
ones, until one obtains again the original sum <strong>of</strong> the series, and vice versa. With a sm<strong>all</strong>er<br />
resp. greater value than the sum <strong>of</strong> the positive resp. negative summands, the same applies,<br />
since the rest is almost annulled, and so on. Also infinity must not be dealt with arbitrarily, if<br />
one wants <strong>to</strong> avoid going astray. Who moves something <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> infinity must not lend zerself <strong>to</strong><br />
the illusion that it would no longer exist.<br />
Finiteness criterion for series: The Euclidean norm <strong>of</strong> the partial sum with the greatest index<br />
<strong>of</strong> a real series (sk) for infinite (trans-) natural k and j is finite, iff it can be represented as<br />
max j<br />
� �<br />
�<br />
maxk � �<br />
j�1 j � j<br />
j�1 s 1 a b<br />
with finite ||aj - bj|| forming a mono<strong>to</strong>nic<strong>all</strong>y nonincreasing sequence for aj, bj ∈ ℂ m<br />
Pro<strong>of</strong>: The assertion follows directly from the finiteness <strong>of</strong> ||a1 - b1|| and because the addends<br />
can be added arbitrarily otherwise, sorted by size and sign, summed up or split up <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> sums.<br />
Example: From the alternating harmonic series follows<br />
2 �<br />
� * /2�<br />
�<br />
�<br />
k�1 k<br />
1<br />
� � � �<br />
� � *<br />
1� �1<br />
�1 * � � � ln2.<br />
k<br />
2 *<br />
Remark: More interesting examples are those whose limit value <strong>of</strong> (bj) and the nonincreasing<br />
mono<strong>to</strong>ny <strong>of</strong> |aj - bj| cannot be so easily proven as e.g. for divergent the series<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 49 <strong>of</strong> 154
� �<br />
� � �<br />
� �<br />
� �<br />
* k<br />
*<br />
k�1 ( �1) ( �1)k<br />
�� �<br />
j(k�� j 1) k<br />
k�1 j�1 k�1 where (bj) has the limit value � (= aj for <strong>all</strong> j) and (bj+1 - bj) is mono<strong>to</strong>nic<strong>all</strong>y nonincreasing.<br />
Finiteness criterion (corresponds <strong>to</strong> the fundamental theorem) for products: The product<br />
for k ∈ ~ ℕ* and ak ∈ c ℝ>0, is finite, iff<br />
is less than a number concretely given.<br />
maxk<br />
�<br />
k�1 �1�a �<br />
max k<br />
�<br />
k�1 Pro<strong>of</strong>: Let the fac<strong>to</strong>rs be initi<strong>all</strong>y restricted <strong>to</strong> ak ∈ ]0, 0.9]. Then the assertion follows from the<br />
logarithmic series because <strong>of</strong><br />
maxk maxk maxk maxk<br />
� � � �<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 50 <strong>of</strong> 154<br />
a<br />
k�1 ��1� k 1<br />
a � a � a .<br />
k k j 2 k<br />
k�1 k�1 j�1 k�1 It does not change if the remaining fac<strong>to</strong>rs are yet still included, since their number must be<br />
concretely given.<br />
Remark: Products with ak ∈ ℂ are finite, iff their absolute values are. Fac<strong>to</strong>rs with absolute<br />
value < 1 are <strong>to</strong> be set <strong>of</strong>f against those with absolute value > 1, for example, by considering<br />
their product <strong>of</strong> the reciprocals.<br />
Definition: Let j, k, p and q be natural. A sequence (ak) with ak ∈ ℂ and infinitesimal � ∈ ℝ>0 is<br />
c<strong>all</strong>ed �-convergent, if there is a q, so that for <strong>all</strong> k and p with max k ≥ k > p ≥ q applies:<br />
k<br />
k<br />
|ak - ap| < �.<br />
If the inequality applies only for � = 1/�, so the sequence is simply c<strong>all</strong>ed convergent. The<br />
uniquely determined last value <strong>of</strong> the sequence is amax k and is also c<strong>all</strong>ed 0-limit value or<br />
simply limit value, while the �-limit values aj(�) are given by the elements <strong>of</strong><br />
with infinitesimal � ∈ ℝ>0.<br />
{z ∈ ℂ : |z - amax k| ≤ �}<br />
Remark: The conventional limit values are <strong>of</strong>ten only �-limit values, selected after (general)<br />
preferences (with � <strong>of</strong>ten no more precise than O(1/|ℕ|)) and gener<strong>all</strong>y <strong>to</strong>o imprecise, since<br />
they are for example (arbitrarily) algebraic (<strong>of</strong> a certain degree), or transcendent.<br />
Proposition about commuting �-limit values for the integration: Let be A ⊆ ℝ and (fk) a sequence<br />
<strong>of</strong> integrable functions with (trans-) natural k and fk: A → ℝ, which �-converge <strong>to</strong> the<br />
integrable function f: A → ℝ. Then applies for<br />
2<br />
,
� �<br />
� �f (x) � f(x) �dBx<br />
�(<br />
� ) � � � �<br />
� �<br />
�<br />
j 2 0<br />
�x�A �<br />
� �<br />
f ( � )(x)dBx � � f (x)dBx �(<br />
� ) � � �B(A) � � .<br />
� �<br />
� �<br />
� �<br />
j 1 j 2 1<br />
x�Ax�A � �<br />
f ( � )(x) � f(x) dBx �� f (x) � f(x) dBx �(<br />
� ) � � dBx � � � � �B(A) � � .<br />
� � �<br />
� �<br />
Pro<strong>of</strong>: � � � � � �<br />
j 1 j 2 1 1<br />
x�Ax�Ax�A Remark: As long as one correctly calculates with Landau notation, differentiation or integration<br />
and summation may be (also) interchanged in (divergent) series. The conventional procedure<br />
can, however, lead <strong>to</strong> not inconsiderable error propagations, in subsequent calculations,<br />
for example, if β1�B(A) ≥ 1/� applies.<br />
First fundamental theorem <strong>of</strong> exact calculus: The function<br />
�<br />
F(z) � f( �)dB� with �: [c, x[A → ℂ, f: ℂ → ℂ, c ∈ [a, b[A and �B �(x) = �(�D x) (so especi<strong>all</strong>y for A = ℝ, B<br />
�<br />
maximal in ℂ 2 and D maximal in ℝ 2 ) is exactly B-differentiable and it applies for <strong>all</strong> x ∈ [a, b[A<br />
and z = �(x)<br />
dB(F(z)) = dD(F ∘ �)(x) = f(�(x))�r′D(x)dDx = f(z)dBz<br />
Pro<strong>of</strong>:<br />
�( Dt) � �(t)<br />
dB(F(z)) � F( B z) � F(z) � f( (t)) �D(t)dDt f( (t)) �<br />
� � � � � � � D(t)dDt � � f( �(t))<br />
dDt<br />
Dt � t<br />
r r<br />
t �[c,x]At �[c,x[Ax<br />
� dD(F �)(x) � f( �(x)) � �D(x)dDx<br />
� f( �(x))( B �(x) � �(x)) � f(z)dBz.<br />
r<br />
Second fundamental theorem <strong>of</strong> exact calculus: If F is, instead <strong>of</strong> f as above, for t ∈ [a, b[A<br />
right-sided exactly differentiable and its exact D-derivative Fr′B is there exactly B-integrable,<br />
then it applies for �B �(t) = �(�D t) (so especi<strong>all</strong>y for A = ℝ, B maximal in ℂ 2 and D maximal<br />
in ℝ 2 ) and �: [a, b[A → ℂ n :<br />
Pro<strong>of</strong>:<br />
� �<br />
�F( �(b)) � F( �(a)) � (F �) �D(t)dDt�F�B( �)dB �.<br />
� �<br />
F( �(b)) � F( �(a)) � F( B �(t)) � F( �(t)) �<br />
t �[a,b[At �[a,b[A<br />
r r<br />
t �[a,b[A� � � �<br />
r r r r<br />
t �[a,b[A t �[a,b[A �<br />
�F( B �(t)) � F( �(t)) �� �( Dt) � �(t) �� Dt � t�<br />
� B �(t) � �(t) �� Dt � t�<br />
� (F �) �D(t)dDt � F�B( �(t)) � �D(t)dDt � F�B( �)dB �.<br />
Corollary (integral proposition): It applies for a closed path �: [a, b[A → ℂ and f: ℂ → ℂ<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 51 <strong>of</strong> 154
iff f has an antiderivative F on �.<br />
�<br />
�<br />
f( �)dB� � 0,<br />
Pro<strong>of</strong>: Every f(�) has a representation (F(�B�) - F(�))/(�B� - �), where F(�B�) is succes-<br />
sively newly determined for each � and F(�(a)) was freely chosen. Until the last summand,<br />
the integral has a value F(�(b)) - F(�(a)). The integral has the value 0 iff the last term is<br />
F(�(a)) - F(�(b)). This yields the assertion.<br />
Remark: In both fundamental theorems, the convention<strong>all</strong>y real case results analogously as<br />
above. For v, w ∈ [a, b[A, v ≠ w and �(v) = �(w), �B �(v) ≠ �B �(w) is permitted. Notice that<br />
continuity is not presupposed for integral and derivative. Actual integration (as inversion <strong>of</strong><br />
the derivative) only makes sense for continuous functions, if it is <strong>to</strong> go beyond mere summation.<br />
However, if function values can be combined <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> a finite number <strong>of</strong> continuous functions,<br />
for which each <strong>of</strong> them the antiderivative can be specified in finite time, also the integral<br />
for discontinuous functions can be calculated in this way, possibly with the appropriate<br />
aid <strong>of</strong> the Euler-Maclaurin sum formula and further simplification techniques.<br />
Remark: In the same way, S<strong>to</strong>kes' theorem can be proven (also generalised for discontinuous<br />
and non-holomorphic functions), since the integrals vanish on the inner paths. Over the<br />
more or less elements is integrated, the greater the value <strong>of</strong> the integral can differ, even<br />
within the same interval limits. If one uses the alternative exact derivation, then the formulas<br />
change accordingly, and this applies the less, the more continuous the occurring functions<br />
are. Here and in general appropriate rounding rules can be helpful.<br />
Definition: For a close path �: [a, b[A → ℂ and z ∈ ℂ<br />
is c<strong>all</strong>ed the winding number or index ind�(z).<br />
Integral formula: With f: ℂ → ℂ, it is<br />
iff with g(�) = (f(�) - f(z))/(� - z)<br />
1 d�<br />
2�i � � � z<br />
�<br />
1 f( �)<br />
f(z)ind �(z)<br />
� d �,<br />
2�i � � � z<br />
�<br />
�<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 52 <strong>of</strong> 154<br />
�<br />
g( �)d� � 0<br />
applies, thus especi<strong>all</strong>y if g has on � an antiderivative.<br />
Pro<strong>of</strong>: The assertion follows directly from the integral proposition.<br />
Remark: The winding number is 0, if z is not revolved (antiderivative ln(� - z)). With n ∈ ~ ℕ, it<br />
is n (-n) if it is revolved n times positively (negatively). This can be easily <strong>see</strong>n from the following<br />
figure with the parametrisation � = z + r e it <strong>of</strong> the circle line � with the length 2�r for t ∈<br />
[0, 2�[ and r ∈ ~ ℝ>0:
Fig. 1<br />
Example: The integration on the boundary ∂ℰ <strong>of</strong> the unit circle ℰ resp. its translation by 2<br />
yields over 1/z the values 2�i resp. 0 (antiderivative ln(z + 2) on ∂ℰ + 2), and over |z| 2 0<br />
(antiderivative z on ∂ℰ) resp. 4�i.<br />
Remark: The example shows that the existence <strong>of</strong> a antiderivative <strong>of</strong> the integrand <strong>of</strong> a path<br />
integral and its value gener<strong>all</strong>y depend only on the integrand and path, including its orientation,<br />
not on the property <strong>of</strong> the underlying set, the interior and exterior <strong>of</strong> a path, the holomorphy<br />
or the homology (<strong>to</strong> zero) as in the conventional complex analysis.<br />
Definition: The coefficient a-1 <strong>of</strong> the function f: ℂ → ℂ with<br />
�� ���n����� � � �<br />
j<br />
f(z) � a (z � c) � a (z � c )<br />
i ij i<br />
i��� ���� i�1 j����<br />
���<br />
and n ∈ ℕ, ai, c, aij, ci ∈ ℂ as well as pairwisely different ci ≠ c is c<strong>all</strong>ed the residue resc f.<br />
Residue theorem: If f: ℂ → ℂ is represented by<br />
n<br />
����� ��<br />
i�0 j�������<br />
j<br />
a (z � c )<br />
ij i<br />
with n ∈ ℕ, aij, ci ∈ ℂ and ci pairwisely different, it applies<br />
for a closed path �: [a, b[ → ℂ.<br />
1<br />
2�i Pro<strong>of</strong>: For <strong>all</strong> i ∈ ℕ≤n and <strong>all</strong> j ∈ ℤ \ {-1}, we have<br />
and<br />
�<br />
�<br />
�<br />
�<br />
n<br />
�<br />
f( �)d� � ind (c )res f<br />
�<br />
i�0 j<br />
a ij( � � c i)<br />
� 0<br />
�<br />
i<br />
i ci<br />
ai, �1d�<br />
�2�iind �(c<br />
i)rescf. i<br />
��c<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 53 <strong>of</strong> 154<br />
�
Intermediate value theorem: Let be f: [a, b] → ℝ �-continuous in [a, b]. Then, f(x) maps <strong>to</strong><br />
any value between min f(x) and max f(x), for x ∈ [a, b], with an accuracy < �. If f is continuous<br />
in ℝ, it maps <strong>to</strong> any value <strong>of</strong> the conventional ℝ between min f(x) and max f(x).<br />
Pro<strong>of</strong>: Between min f(x) and max f(x), there exists an unbroken chain <strong>of</strong> overlapping �environments,<br />
each with f(x) as the centre, since otherwise a contradiction <strong>to</strong> the �-continuity<br />
<strong>of</strong> f would emerge. The second part <strong>of</strong> the assertion follows from the fact that a deviation<br />
|f(�x) - f(x)| < 1/� resp. |f(x) - f(�x)| < 1/�, in the conventional ℝ, f<strong>all</strong>s below the resolution<br />
maxim<strong>all</strong>y permitted.<br />
Extremum criterion: Iff f has, as above, in the point x0 a left-sided exact derivative > 0 and a<br />
right-sided exact derivative < 0, f has there a local maximum. Iff f has, as above, in the point<br />
x0 a left-sided exact derivative < 0 and a right-sided exact derivative > 0, f has there a local<br />
minimum. A derivative can then be defined there as 0.<br />
Pro<strong>of</strong>: Clear from the definitions.<br />
Remark: The following considerations can be transferred analogously <strong>to</strong> the conventional<br />
complex and omit the specification <strong>of</strong> set <strong>of</strong> <strong>all</strong> neighbourhood relations, since they can be<br />
easily added.<br />
Product, quotient and chain rule: Let be f and g right-sided (left-sided) exactly differentiable<br />
functions and <strong>all</strong> quotients well defined, i.e. their denomina<strong>to</strong>r does not equal 0. Then it applies:<br />
(fg)r′(x) = fr′(x) g(x) + f(�x) gr′(x),<br />
and<br />
with<br />
Left-sided applies analogously:<br />
and<br />
with<br />
� f �<br />
�<br />
f �<br />
r (x)g( x) � f( x)g �<br />
r (x)<br />
� � (x) �<br />
�g� g(x)g( x)<br />
r<br />
f(g(x))r′ = �r(x) fr′(g(x)) gr′(x)<br />
( g(x) �g(x))(f(g( x)) �f(g(x)))<br />
�r(x) �<br />
.<br />
(g( x) �g(x))(f( g(x)) �f(g(x)))<br />
(fg)l′(x) = fl′(x) g(�x) + f(x) gl′(x),<br />
� f �<br />
�<br />
f �<br />
l (x)g(x) � f(x)g �<br />
l (x)<br />
� � (x) �<br />
�g� g( x)g(x)<br />
l<br />
f(g(x))l′ = �l(x) fl′(g(x)) gl′(x)<br />
(g(x) � g(x))(f(g(x)) �f(g(<br />
x)))<br />
�l(x) �<br />
.<br />
(g(x) �g( x))(f(g(x)) �f(<br />
g(x)))<br />
It applies �r(x) = �l(x) = 1, iff f(g(x)), f(g(�x)) and f(�g(x)) resp. f(g(x)), f(g(�x)) and f(�g(x))<br />
are lying on a straight line.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 54 <strong>of</strong> 154
Pro<strong>of</strong>: Product and quotient rule are easy <strong>to</strong> recalculate. It applies:<br />
Thus<br />
f( g(x)) f(g(x)) f(g( x)) f(g(x))<br />
f �<br />
� �<br />
r (g(x)) � �<br />
,<br />
g(x) � g(x) � (x)(g( x) � g(x))<br />
f(g( x)) f(g(x))<br />
f(g(x)) �<br />
�<br />
r � � �r(x)f<br />
�<br />
r (g(x))g �<br />
r (x).<br />
x�x The last sentence is valid, because the differences <strong>of</strong> the f-values are lying anyway on a<br />
straight line and, divided by the differences <strong>of</strong> the corresponding g-values, build a quotient <strong>of</strong><br />
slopes <strong>of</strong> two straight lines that share a point. Iff the slopes are equal, the quotient becomes<br />
1, applies therefore the conventional chain rule and it follows the assertion.<br />
Remark: In order that the product and quotient rule exactly coincides precisely enough with<br />
the conventional one, in x0 either f or g must be (�-) continuous enough (i.e., α can be set<br />
sm<strong>all</strong> enough). It can be <strong>see</strong>n from the functions f(y) = y ±2 and y = g(x) = x 2 with x0 = d0 and y<br />
∈ ℝ that � can attain almost any value in ℝ. Thus the conventional chain rule is only usable<br />
approximately for not infinitesimal arguments. If f is not affine-linear or g is not the identity or<br />
a translation, it is quite unlikely that the three f-values are lying on a straight line. If f and g<br />
are continuous, the chain rule applies at least approximately.<br />
Remark: The right-sided resp. left-sided exact derivative <strong>of</strong> the inverse function results as<br />
f -1 r′(y) = 1/fr′(x) bzw. f -1 l′(y) = 1/fl′(x)<br />
from y = f(x) and the identity x = f -1 (f(x)), with the aid <strong>of</strong> the chain rule, for the same precision.<br />
L'Hôpital's rule is useful for (�-) continuous functions f and g and results for f(w) = g(w) = 0<br />
with w ∈ ℝ, as well as f(�w) and g(�w), not both simultaneously 0, and analogously left-<br />
sided from<br />
f( w) f( w) � f(w) f �<br />
r (w)<br />
� � .<br />
g( w) g( w) � g(w) g �(w)<br />
Definition: Let be f a (uniquely) defined function f: A → ℂ. Then<br />
2<br />
Bz<br />
d Bf(z) f( B( B z)) �2f( B z) �f(z)<br />
: � 2 2<br />
(d B z) (d B z)<br />
is c<strong>all</strong>ed the second derivative <strong>to</strong>wards �B z <strong>of</strong> f in z ∈ A. The partial derivative <strong>to</strong>wards �B<br />
zk <strong>of</strong> f in z ∈ A with k ∈ [1, n]ℕ is defined as<br />
� f(z ,..., B z ,...,z ) � f(z)<br />
�BzBz�z B f(z) 1 k n<br />
: �<br />
.<br />
k k k<br />
Higher (partial) derivatives are defined analogously. The number j ∈ ℕ <strong>of</strong> executed partial<br />
derivatives is specified as exponent behind ∂; the variables, after which is differentiated, follow<br />
each other in the denomina<strong>to</strong>r, each one preceded by ∂. Hereby, the same variables are<br />
provided with an exponent, according <strong>to</strong> the number <strong>of</strong> their occurrence. Taylor series make<br />
only sense for |ℕ*|-fold �-continuously differentiable functions, because <strong>of</strong> their approximating<br />
and convergence behaviour.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 55 <strong>of</strong> 154<br />
r<br />
r
Exchange proposition: The result <strong>of</strong> multiple partial derivatives <strong>of</strong> a function f: A → ℂ is independent<br />
from the order, whilst variables are replaced by values or limit values are considered<br />
only fin<strong>all</strong>y, if necessary.<br />
Pro<strong>of</strong>: It is uniquely determined: This is clear until the second derivative, for higher ones the<br />
assertion follows by (trans-natural) mathematical induction.<br />
Example: Let be f: ℝ 2 → ℝ given by f(0, 0) = 0 and f(x, y) = xy 3 /(x 2 + y 2 ) else. Then it applies:<br />
with value ½ for (0, 0), although in<br />
2 6 2 4 4 2 2<br />
� f y � 6x y � 3x y � f<br />
� �<br />
� � (x � y ) � �<br />
2 2 3<br />
x y y x<br />
5 2 3 4 3 2<br />
�f y � x y xy � 3x y �f<br />
� � �<br />
� (x �y ) (x �y<br />
) �<br />
2 2 2 2 2 2<br />
x y<br />
we have y for x = 0 on the left and 0 for y = 0 on the right, i.e. then, the partial derivative <strong>to</strong>wards<br />
y yields on the left 1 ≠ 0, which is the partial derivative <strong>to</strong>wards x on the right.<br />
Outlook on the complex analysis: Let be <strong>all</strong> convention<strong>all</strong>y complex functions f: A → ℂ for<br />
A ⊆ ℂ implicitly so defined that we have f(z) = �f(z)/|f(z)| for actu<strong>all</strong>y |f(z)| > �. The entire<br />
functions f(z) = z/� and g(z) = Σak z k with k ∈ ℕ and ak = 1/� k+1 disprove Liouville's theorem.<br />
Evidence: Since we have |f(z)| ≤ 1 and |g(z)| < 1, the assertion follows directly.<br />
Remark: Choosing sufficiently sm<strong>all</strong> (transcendent) constants in the generalisation <strong>of</strong> Liouville's<br />
theorem disproves it <strong>to</strong>o. Both theorems cannot be remedied by restricting them, since<br />
the holomorphy <strong>of</strong> a function h on ℂ compels that the Laurent polynomial (the Laurent series)<br />
<strong>of</strong> h must have coefficients ak with |ak| < O(� -|k| ) (O(� -|k|-1 )) and (trans-) integer k (<strong>to</strong> converge),<br />
if it is not already constant. Thus, a limitation <strong>to</strong> coefficients ≥ 1/� is pointless.<br />
The function f yields the biholomorphic, bijective mapping <strong>of</strong> the convention<strong>all</strong>y and circular<br />
defined ℂ on<strong>to</strong> the complex unit circle ℰd, very condensed from the complex unit circle ℰ, with<br />
|ℰd| = |ℂ| ≫ |ℰ|. Therewith, the Riemann mapping theorem would be also valid for ℂ. The<br />
complete ℂ could not be mapped this way, <strong>of</strong> course.<br />
Definition: A point z0 ∈ M ⊆ ℂ n resp. concerning a sequence (ak) with ak ∈ ℂ n and (trans-)<br />
natural k is c<strong>all</strong>ed actual �-accumulation point <strong>of</strong> M resp. <strong>of</strong> the sequence, if there are in the<br />
open sphere B�(z0) ⊆ ℂ n around z0, with the infinitesimal radius �, infinitely many points <strong>of</strong> M<br />
resp. infinitely many pairwise different sequence members. If the asserted applies for<br />
� = 1/�, the �-accumulation point is simply c<strong>all</strong>ed accumulation point.<br />
Let be p(z) = Π(z - ck) with k ∈ ℕ for z ∈ ℂ an infinite product with pairwise distinct zeros<br />
ck ∈ B1/|ℕ*|(0) ⊂ ℂ (open circle disks around 0 with radius 1/|ℕ*|), which are chosen so that<br />
|f(ck)| < 1/|ℕ*| applies, for a in a domain G ⊆ ℂ holomorphic function f with f(0) = 0. G contains<br />
B1/|ℕ*|(0) completely, which is always obtainable by coordinate transformation, while G is<br />
"big" enough.<br />
Then, for the also there holomorphic function g(z) := f(z) + p(z), the coincidence set<br />
{� ∈ G : f(�) = g(�)} has an accumulation point at 0, and we have f ≠ g, in contradiction <strong>to</strong> the<br />
statement <strong>of</strong> the identity theorem. Examples for f are <strong>all</strong> in B1/|ℕ*|(0) bounded and at the same<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 56 <strong>of</strong> 154
time in G holomorphic functions with zero 0. Since p(z) can attain any convention<strong>all</strong>y complex<br />
value, the deviation from f and g is not negligible.<br />
Also in contradiction <strong>to</strong> the identity theorem is the fact that, at a point z0 ∈ G, <strong>all</strong> the derivatives<br />
d (n) (z0) = h (n) (z0) <strong>of</strong> two functions d and h can coincide for <strong>all</strong> n, but d and h can also be<br />
significantly different further away, beyond this local fact, without losing their holomorphy,<br />
since not every holomorphic function, due <strong>to</strong> the approximate character (<strong>of</strong> differentiation)<br />
resp. <strong>of</strong> the calculation with Landau symbols, can be (uniquely) expanded <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> a Taylor series<br />
(cf. Transcendent Numbers).<br />
If we choose k ∈ ~ ℕ fac<strong>to</strong>rs in Π(z - ck), we obtain entire functions with trans-natur<strong>all</strong>y many<br />
zeros. The zero set can be open and need not <strong>to</strong> be discrete. Thus the set <strong>of</strong> <strong>all</strong> functions<br />
holomorphic in a domain G need not <strong>to</strong> be free from zero divisors. The functions disprove,<br />
like polynomials with at least n > 2 pairwise distinct zeros, the theorems <strong>of</strong> Picard, since they<br />
miss at least n - 1 values in ℂ.<br />
Goursat's integral lemma is only valid for holomorphic functions, the integral proposition,<br />
however, applies gener<strong>all</strong>y. The former excludes e.g. for each Laurent series <strong>of</strong> a function<br />
the simple pole c by demanding holomorphy in the triangle Δ containing c in ℂ and yields<br />
thereby the existence <strong>of</strong> an antiderivative on ∂Δ, the actual reason for the validity <strong>of</strong> the integral<br />
lemma. Although the exact integral exists for a simple pole and hence an antiderivative:<br />
the latter is, however, not holomorphic there.<br />
If the Riemann zeta function is for s ∈ ℂ \ {1} defined as<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 57 <strong>of</strong> 154<br />
��<br />
�( �s) ( �x)<br />
dx<br />
�(s) �<br />
� � ,<br />
x<br />
2 i e �1<br />
x<br />
so the integral is, with infinitesimal � ∈ ℝ>0, not equivalent <strong>to</strong><br />
��<br />
� s(logx �i �) �� s(logx �i �)<br />
e dx e dx<br />
�<br />
,<br />
e �1x e �1x<br />
� �<br />
x x<br />
�� �<br />
since the branch <strong>of</strong> the logarithm must not be chosen arbitrarily, if a correct result is expected.<br />
Since x is <strong>to</strong> be integrated in the left integral infinitesim<strong>all</strong>y above, and in the right<br />
one infinitesim<strong>all</strong>y below the real axis, the sum <strong>of</strong> both becomes singular in the points<br />
x = � ± i�, with infinitesimal � ∈ ℝ>0 for Re s ≤ 1 – even if -i� is corrected <strong>to</strong> i�. This is not<br />
as<strong>to</strong>nishing, since nothing has been achieved except a wrong transformation. If � would be<br />
concrete, then the Riemann zeta function for Re s ≤ 1 would not be a holomorphic extension<br />
<strong>of</strong> the one for Re s > 1, and the further reasoning would become incorrect, since the paths<br />
determined by x = |�| would have <strong>to</strong> be replaced by a path via the points i�, i� - �, -i� - � and<br />
-i�. Therewith, the Riemann hypothesis has the same quality as the Riemann series theorem<br />
– also considering other representations <strong>of</strong> the Riemann zeta function (known <strong>to</strong> me).<br />
Remark: First the nonstandardanalysis made such an easy demystification possible by having<br />
used concrete and infinitesimal quantities gainfully. Perhaps it achieves also by it a condign<br />
place in mathematics.<br />
s
Optimisation<br />
In the following, the best-path method is introduced as variant <strong>of</strong> the simplex method and it is<br />
gener<strong>all</strong>y considered, how optimising problems can be solved.<br />
Proposition: There is no pivot rule for the simplex method, with which the linear programme<br />
max {c T x : Ax ≤ b, c ∈ ℝ n , x ∈ ℝ n , b ∈ ℝ m , A ∈ ℝ m×n , m, n ∈ ℕ*} can be solved, in the general<br />
case, in shorter than exponential time, with n (or m in the dual programme) as exponent. Another<br />
pivot rule than that <strong>of</strong> the best-path method, in which each time the best interim solution<br />
is selected, is then only accident<strong>all</strong>y significantly better.<br />
Pro<strong>of</strong> and algorithm: The asterisked variables are in the following the new ones calculated<br />
with. After splitting <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> a difference <strong>of</strong> two positive vec<strong>to</strong>rs or after dualising the linear programme,<br />
x ≥ 0 can be presupposed. After introducing a slack variable z ∈ ℝ≥0, also b* ≥ 0<br />
can be achieved in the auxiliary programme max {-z : Ax - z ≤ b, c ∈ ℝ n , x ∈ ℝ n , x ≥ 0, b ∈ ℝ m ,<br />
A ∈ ℝ m×n , m, n ∈ ℕ*}, after a suitable pivot step (two-phase method). We can then always<br />
choose 0 as starting point for x, as in the case b ≥ 0.<br />
Let be i, j, k ∈ ℕ* and ai the i-th row vec<strong>to</strong>r <strong>of</strong> A. First, it can be checked whether the objective<br />
function c T x is unbounded positive. Sufficient for this is if it has at least one coefficient cj > 0<br />
for that we have aij ≤ 0 for <strong>all</strong> aij. Otherwise, <strong>all</strong> cj resp. aij whose arithmetic means Mc <strong>of</strong> |cj| ><br />
0 resp. Mi <strong>of</strong> |aij| > 0 are very big or very sm<strong>all</strong> should be replaced by cj/Mc resp. aij/Mi. The<br />
corresponding bi are then replaced by bi/Mi.<br />
In each step, we choose for each cj > 0 and non-base variables xj the sm<strong>all</strong>est quotient xk/aij<br />
<strong>of</strong> the base variables xk, for aij > 0. Then xj* = xj + xk/aij for aij > 0 is the potential next vertex. If<br />
these conditions cannot be satisfied for any j, the maximum is reached. Otherwise, the aij in a<br />
maximal cjxk/aij is the pivot. Thus x* is always feasible.<br />
If more than n xk are 0 and if the objective function cannot be maximised directly, the constraints<br />
whose corresponding hyperplanes contain x are relaxed (perturbed) by the same, but<br />
minimal fac<strong>to</strong>r. In the tableau, we replace thereby the base variables xk = 0 by the modulus <strong>of</strong><br />
the normal <strong>of</strong> the corresponding hyperplanes, since the minimal fac<strong>to</strong>r itself need not be<br />
noted.<br />
If multiple vertices occur afterwards again, we add the modulus <strong>of</strong> the current normal. This is<br />
not very likely, since enough linearly independent hyperplanes must exist <strong>to</strong> form a new vertex.<br />
Thereby is ensured that the relaxed poly<strong>to</strong>pe <strong>of</strong> the linear programme does not alter structur<strong>all</strong>y,<br />
thus we have always an equivalent simple poly<strong>to</strong>pe. We avoid furthermore <strong>to</strong> be confronted<br />
with several minimal relaxations differing heavily, as we have using the lexicographic<br />
method.<br />
When the multiple vertex is left, the relaxations are undone. Since they are minimal, the linear<br />
programme is equivalent <strong>to</strong> one without multiple vertices. The objective function increases<br />
(quasi) strictly mono<strong>to</strong>nic<strong>all</strong>y on the path passed. Afterwards cj*, aij* and bi* can be<br />
easily calculated according <strong>to</strong> the rectangle rule.<br />
Since the objective function can be represented by a single variable, it is essential <strong>to</strong> maximise<br />
only this. Since there can be, in a simple poly<strong>to</strong>pe, only one possibility <strong>to</strong> do this in a<br />
non-optimal vertex, the procedure described is virtu<strong>all</strong>y manda<strong>to</strong>ry, because otherwise<br />
maybe facets <strong>of</strong> the poly<strong>to</strong>pe have <strong>to</strong> be passed that can be only traversed slowly.<br />
For <strong>to</strong> find out better opportunities, we have <strong>to</strong> compute in depth, since we cannot recognise<br />
these opportunities from the inequalities themselves, without further ado. Thereby, however,<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 58 <strong>of</strong> 154
it is prevented <strong>to</strong> solve a linear programme that can be solved with linearly many steps in the<br />
same time. Therewith, the runtime performance depends on the question, how fast a facet<br />
can be traversed.<br />
It was shown that this is only possible in the exponential time stated, if the best-path method<br />
is used with very (!) many facets (e.g. for infinite limit value) (<strong>see</strong> Robert G. Jeroslow, "The<br />
simplex algorithm with the pivot rule <strong>of</strong> maximizing criterion improvement", Discrete Mathematics<br />
4 (1973), 367-377). From this the assertion follows.<br />
Remarks: Most linear programmes can be solved in cruci<strong>all</strong>y shorter time. If they contain<br />
equations, each <strong>of</strong> them can be easily split <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> two inequalities. A system <strong>of</strong> inequalities can<br />
be easily solved with the normal c = 0 <strong>of</strong> the objective function, if at <strong>all</strong>. If e.g. m ≫ n applies,<br />
the starting point for x can be easily calculated from the (linearly independent) equations xj =<br />
0 resp. ai T x = bi, whose corresponding values cj resp. c T ai/||ai|| belong <strong>to</strong> the (n) greatest<br />
ones. Then we can use perhaps an interior point method <strong>to</strong> skip many interim solutions, e.g.<br />
by determining the feasible maximum from the starting point in direction <strong>of</strong> the normal <strong>of</strong> the<br />
objective function. A (feasible) starting point for x that is no vertex <strong>of</strong> the feasible domain is<br />
first successively <strong>to</strong> project as long <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> that (orthogonalised) hyperplanes <strong>of</strong> the feasible domain,<br />
<strong>to</strong> which it has each minimal distance, as it becomes vertex. Alternatively, we can successively<br />
alter single coordinates <strong>of</strong> x. Thus we can start with any starting point for x.<br />
Furthermore, let us solve max(x1, ... , xn) with a finite codomain and the constraints<br />
fi(x1, ... , xn) ≤ ai (i = 1, 2, ... , m) where the functions and variables be real. Points where the<br />
objective function is not defined are excluded from considering.<br />
We build successively the feasible region, constraint by constraint, and determine whether it<br />
is empty by considering <strong>all</strong> points <strong>of</strong> the feasible region or by selecting sufficiently many<br />
points dense enough. We choose for max(x1, ... , xn) a real value for that x1, ... , xn do not<br />
meet the constraints (each time for the upper and lower bound).<br />
By (for convex objective function binary) search concerning max(x1, ... , xn) we obtain the<br />
maximum in linear time by tracing the sm<strong>all</strong>est distance (as one <strong>of</strong> <strong>all</strong> considered) <strong>of</strong> objective<br />
function and feasible region. For continuous objective functions, refinements (e.g. convex<br />
segments) are suitable; for discontinuous objective functions we restrict on the continuous<br />
segments.<br />
This procedure can be accelerated through par<strong>all</strong>el processing and summarising the interim<br />
results: In more complex worlds, we can thus also solve such optimisation problems at one<br />
go. For linked optimisation problems or multiple objective functions, we must search, in the<br />
worst case, the complete solution space.<br />
Discussion:<br />
The simultaneous consideration <strong>of</strong> a great many points in many dimensions transcends usu<strong>all</strong>y<br />
the available computing and s<strong>to</strong>rage capacity. What is easily possible in more complex<br />
worlds remains currently refused <strong>to</strong> us on earth. Previous search strategies that use a successive<br />
improvement <strong>of</strong> the search result require admittedly intensive searching.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 59 <strong>of</strong> 154
Representations<br />
What is <strong>to</strong> say about the production <strong>of</strong> simpler representations <strong>of</strong> complex expressions?<br />
On the evidence <strong>of</strong> the strength <strong>of</strong> the modern computing technology, the results <strong>of</strong> infinite<br />
iterations through simpler expressions should be comprehensively only (manu<strong>all</strong>y) determined<br />
under the use <strong>of</strong> au<strong>to</strong>mated computerized pro<strong>of</strong> methods. In most cases, one can be<br />
satisfied with a good approximation, even if the beauty and conciseness <strong>of</strong> the exact and<br />
closed representation is lost.<br />
The same applies <strong>to</strong> the integration <strong>of</strong> complex functions: Just because it <strong>all</strong>ows <strong>of</strong>ten no<br />
closed simple representation, one should not remedy this by definition <strong>of</strong> corresponding functions,<br />
but get by with approximations simpler <strong>to</strong> integrate specifying the error terms, or find<br />
numerical approaches, instead <strong>of</strong> becoming set on, with unbeatable precision, exact solutions.<br />
It is admittedly true that certain statements are only in their exact form <strong>of</strong> value, but it is more<br />
important (e.g. using interval arithmetic) <strong>to</strong> assess the problems after their practical applicability<br />
and use, then <strong>to</strong> compile a priority ranking <strong>to</strong> create and <strong>to</strong> solve them only then. The<br />
most and most important problems get along with a well approximated solution. But one<br />
should not exaggerate also with the quality <strong>of</strong> the approximation.<br />
It is illusory <strong>to</strong> hope <strong>to</strong> be able <strong>to</strong> represent many trans-rational numbers with very short<br />
sums <strong>of</strong> powers <strong>of</strong> few algebraic and transcendental numbers, since their number is transnatural,<br />
even if one distinguishes some <strong>of</strong> <strong>all</strong> these and uses them by a symbol. This should<br />
happen at best approximately or in the hobby, but not seriously pr<strong>of</strong>ession<strong>all</strong>y, since there<br />
are far more important (mathematical) problems.<br />
The difficulties <strong>of</strong> the creatures <strong>to</strong> turn (infinite) complex in easily manageable, L has not,<br />
since ze can view simply a certain infinity level, and then easily separate the desired from the<br />
undesired. This way, for example an easy law <strong>to</strong> generate infinitely large prime numbers from<br />
a prime sieve can be obtained, or the Riemann hypothesis be checked by the consideration<br />
<strong>of</strong> <strong>all</strong> zeros.<br />
Therefore, we may definitely tackle (mathematical) problems, whose solution requires maximum<br />
chin-ups first in a subsequent world, if they do not need <strong>to</strong> be solved urgently. Our<br />
world will also have, in the future, the ability <strong>of</strong> L <strong>to</strong> evaluate and <strong>to</strong> experience the infinite, as<br />
well as <strong>to</strong> <strong>see</strong>, at a glance, what the solutions <strong>of</strong> the problems are that worry us unfortunately<br />
so much <strong>to</strong>day.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 60 <strong>of</strong> 154
Transcendent Numbers<br />
In the following, the notations from the set theory are applied. The behaviour for inconcrete<br />
m, n ∈ ℕ is considered and let be g, h and k ∈ ~ ℕ.<br />
Remark: It is known from algebra that the sum, difference, product, quotient <strong>of</strong> two finitely<br />
algebraic numbers <strong>of</strong> degree g and h are algebraic <strong>of</strong> maxim<strong>all</strong>y degree gh, and the 1/g-th<br />
power <strong>of</strong> a algebraic number <strong>of</strong> degree h is algebraic <strong>of</strong> maxim<strong>all</strong>y degree gh.<br />
Remark: Transcendent numbers consist <strong>of</strong> an algebraic main part and a transcendent remainder.<br />
One cannot thus simply omit the sequence values ak for big k, if one examines the<br />
transcendence <strong>of</strong> a number: They are decisive. Transcendent numbers are <strong>all</strong> numbers that<br />
lie between the algebraic ones and beyond them. Between two different transcendent numbers<br />
(algebraic numbers <strong>of</strong> degree g), lying closely enough <strong>to</strong>gether, is no algebraic number<br />
(<strong>of</strong> degree < g).<br />
Bound proposition for transcendent numbers: Every complex number different from zero,<br />
whose absolute value <strong>of</strong> the real and/or imaginary part is ≤ 1/|ℕ| or ≥ |ℕ|, is already transcendent.<br />
Pro<strong>of</strong>: If one sets, in a polynomial equation, am = 1 and ak = -|ℕ*| for k < m, then the assertion<br />
follows in the real case from the geometric series, if one still builds the reciprocal. One receives<br />
the exact limit values, if one replaces |ℕ| in both cases by �(m) = |ℕ| - |ℕ*|/�(m) m with<br />
� := |ℕ| - |ℕ*|/� | ℕ* | . In the complex case, statements <strong>of</strong> the form x = (1+bi)|ℕ| with b ∈ ℝ yield<br />
the desired.<br />
Coefficient proposition for transcendent numbers: All normalised irreducible polynomials<br />
where we have |ak| ≥ |ℕ| for at least one ak have only transcendent zeros.<br />
Pro<strong>of</strong>: The zeros <strong>of</strong> normalised irreducible polynomials are pairwise different and uniquely<br />
determined. Since they are not algebraic, they must be transcendent.<br />
Product and sum proposition for transcendent numbers: All products that cannot be further<br />
simplified <strong>of</strong> a trans-complex-rational number t and a complex algebraic or trans-algebraic<br />
number z (here also the sum) as well as sums and products <strong>of</strong> a complex trans-algebraic<br />
and a complex algebraic (complex trans-algebraic) number with coprime polynomial degree<br />
are transcendent.<br />
Pro<strong>of</strong>: The simplification is unique, if it also includes minimising the absolute value <strong>of</strong> the coefficients<br />
<strong>of</strong> the minimal polynomial <strong>of</strong> z and <strong>of</strong> each numera<strong>to</strong>r and denomina<strong>to</strong>r <strong>of</strong> the transcomplex-rational<br />
number t. If z is complex-rational, tz only satisfies an equation <strong>of</strong> a minimal<br />
polynomial <strong>of</strong> degree ≤ 2, with at least one coefficient with absolute value ≥ |ℕ|. If z is irrational,<br />
tz cannot be zero <strong>of</strong> the equation <strong>of</strong> the minimal polynomial <strong>of</strong> z, since this equation is,<br />
after inserting z, not identical with the one in z, what it would have <strong>to</strong> be. Would be tz zero <strong>of</strong><br />
another equation <strong>of</strong> a minimal polynomial, so this polynomial equation in tx could be extended<br />
by multiplication with the minimal polynomial in t'x, with t' conjugated <strong>to</strong> t, <strong>to</strong> a polynomial<br />
equation in x, whose zero would be also z and where the absolute value <strong>of</strong> at least<br />
one coefficient would be ≥ |ℕ|. This is impossible, since z can be only zero <strong>of</strong> one minimal<br />
polynomial. The involvement <strong>of</strong> a complex trans-algebraic number leads always <strong>to</strong> an equation<br />
<strong>of</strong> a minimal polynomial with at least the same polynomial degree, if the number is coprime.<br />
Remark: Together with the convention<strong>all</strong>y rational numbers, the trans-(complex-)rational<br />
numbers build numeric<strong>all</strong>y already complete ~ ℝ ( ~ ℂ). Therefore, algebraic and transcendent<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 61 <strong>of</strong> 154
numbers are (numeric<strong>all</strong>y) hardly <strong>to</strong> distinguish and approximations are little meaningful concerning<br />
the algebraicity (<strong>of</strong> a certain degree). This makes distinguishing them questionable.<br />
Remark: Who wants <strong>to</strong> examine the transcendence <strong>of</strong> a number with Liouville's approximation<br />
theorem should ensure that the approximating rational numbers are actu<strong>all</strong>y still convention<strong>all</strong>y<br />
rational and not trans-rational, such as the number 10 | ℕ | . Also, who considers prime<br />
numbers ≥ |ℕ| in transcendence pro<strong>of</strong>s should safely move in the trans-natural. The following<br />
pro<strong>of</strong>s yield also transcendent results, if the set ℕ is replaced by [1, n] ~ ℕ≥|ℕ| with n ≪ | ~ ℕ|.<br />
Proposition: The sum <strong>of</strong> <strong>all</strong> at least convention<strong>all</strong>y natural powers <strong>of</strong> a complex-rational number<br />
x that is different from zero and no root <strong>of</strong> unity (geometric series) is already transcendent.<br />
Pro<strong>of</strong>: The absolute value <strong>of</strong> the numera<strong>to</strong>r or denomina<strong>to</strong>r <strong>of</strong> x | ℕ | is for |x| < 1 (|x| > 1) less<br />
than 2 -| ℕ *|+1 (greater than 2 | ℕ *|-1 ). The subtraction <strong>of</strong> 1 and the division by 1 - x do not change<br />
anything <strong>of</strong> the transcendence.<br />
Proposition: Euler's number e is transcendent.<br />
Pro<strong>of</strong>: If one accepts the exponential series as representation for e, it follows e =<br />
(k|ℕ*|+1)/|ℕ*|! with k ≥ |ℕ|. Therewith, numera<strong>to</strong>r and denomina<strong>to</strong>r <strong>of</strong> the stated fraction must<br />
be ≥ |ℕ|, since in the numera<strong>to</strong>r neither |ℕ*| nor a prime divisor <strong>of</strong> k can be cancelled against<br />
|ℕ*|!. If one accepts, on the other hand, (1+1/|ℕ*|) | ℕ *| as representation for e, so the assertion<br />
is trivial. Notice that here two different representations are present.<br />
Proposition: The twin prime constant C2, as product over <strong>all</strong> (1 - 1/(p - 1) 2 ) for primes p ∈ ℕ>2,<br />
is transcendent.<br />
Pro<strong>of</strong>: According <strong>to</strong> the prime number theorem, the greatest and second greatest prime<br />
number <strong>of</strong> ℕ - both = |ℕ| - |O(ln |ℕ|)| - do not divide the denomina<strong>to</strong>r <strong>of</strong> C2, from which the<br />
assertion follows.<br />
Proposition: The Landau-Ramanujan constant K, as product, divided by √2, over <strong>all</strong> (1 -<br />
1/p 2 ) - ½ with primes p ∈ ℕ and p ≡ 3 mod 4, is transcendent.<br />
Pro<strong>of</strong>: According <strong>to</strong> the (Dirichlet) prime number theorem, the greatest and second greatest<br />
prime number ≡ 3 mod 4 <strong>of</strong> ℕ - both = |ℕ| - |O(ln |ℕ|)| - do not divide the denomina<strong>to</strong>r <strong>of</strong> K,<br />
from which the assertion follows.<br />
Proposition: The Glaisher-Kinkelin constant A = 1 1 2 2 3 3 ... |ℕ*| | ℕ *| (1 +<br />
1/|ℕ*|) | ℕ *| ³ /4 /|ℕ*| (| ℕ *| ² /2+| ℕ *|/2+1/12) is transcendent.<br />
Pro<strong>of</strong>: After cancelling, the greatest prime number <strong>of</strong> ℕ remains in the denomina<strong>to</strong>r with exponent<br />
> 2.<br />
Greatest-prime criterion for transcendent numbers: If a real number r has, for cancelled fractions,<br />
the representation a/(bp) ± s/t with natural a, b, s and t, abst ≠ 0 and b + t > 2, as well<br />
as the (second) greatest natural prime number p ∈ ℕ, p ∤ a and p ∤ t, so it is transcendent.<br />
Pro<strong>of</strong>: It applies r = (at ± bps)/(bpt) with a denomina<strong>to</strong>r ≥ 2p ≥ 2|ℕ| - |O(ln |ℕ|)| > |ℕ| as consequence<br />
<strong>of</strong> the prime number theorem, from which the assertion follows.<br />
Proposition: The circular constant � is transcendent.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 62 <strong>of</strong> 154
Pro<strong>of</strong>: This follows from its representation as W<strong>all</strong>is' product or the product representation <strong>of</strong><br />
the gamma function for the value -½, provided one accepts them. Notice that both representations<br />
specify different numbers. Alternatively, apply the greatest-prime criterion <strong>to</strong> the Leibniz<br />
series or <strong>to</strong> the arcsin(x) Taylor series for x = 1.<br />
Proposition: The Dirichlet beta, eta and lambda function, as well as the Riemann zeta function,<br />
yield for natural arguments greater than 1 only transcendent values.<br />
Pro<strong>of</strong>: Applying the greatest-prime criterion yields directly the assertion.<br />
Proposition: Let be s(x) for x ∈ ℝ the sum <strong>of</strong> x k /k over <strong>all</strong> k ∈ ℕ*. If one defines Euler's constant<br />
as � = s(1) - ln |ℕ*| ∈ ]0, 1[ (because <strong>of</strong> dx/⌊x⌋ - dx/x ≥ 0 as well as dx/⌊1+x⌋ - dx/x ≤ 0 for<br />
x ∈ ℝ≥1 in the integral representation <strong>of</strong> �) and accepts m s(½) - s(r/2 m ) as representation <strong>of</strong> ln<br />
|ℕ*| with |ℕ*| = 2 m - r, m ∈ ℕ and r ∈ [0, 2 m-1 [ for a precision <strong>of</strong> O(m/2 | ℕ | ), so it is trans-rational<br />
and therewith transcendent.<br />
Pro<strong>of</strong>: One obtains -ln(1 - x) = s(x) + O(x | ℕ | /(1 - x)) + t(x)dx for x ∈ [0, 1[ with a real function<br />
t(x) by (exact) integration (<strong>see</strong> nonstandardanalysis) from the geometric series. The assertion<br />
follows by applying Fermat's little theorem from the greatest-prime criterion for the greatest<br />
or second greatest prime <strong>of</strong> ℕ, whose product is greater than m 2 m-1 + 2 m - r, due <strong>to</strong> the<br />
prime number theorem.<br />
Remark: It remains an open question <strong>to</strong> which extend the representation for ln |ℕ*| mentioned<br />
above is justified with the precision stated. It is clear that one must be content with an<br />
(infinitely precise) approximation <strong>of</strong> ln |ℕ*|, since one cannot calculate here as precise as one<br />
wants. What is sure is that the proposition is valid for infinitely many infinity levels <strong>of</strong> n, and<br />
especi<strong>all</strong>y according <strong>to</strong> conventional opinion.<br />
Approximation proposition for real algebraic numbers: Every real irrational algebraic number<br />
<strong>of</strong> degree g can be approximated by a real algebraic number <strong>of</strong> degree g < h, with an average<br />
error that is asymp<strong>to</strong>tic<strong>all</strong>y equal <strong>to</strong> � �(g+1)/(2 |ℤ| g ln g).<br />
Pro<strong>of</strong>: On the convention<strong>all</strong>y real axis, the number <strong>of</strong> the algebraic numbers increases, within<br />
unchanged limits almost evenly distributed, per degree more, circa by the fac<strong>to</strong>r |ℤ|. The error<br />
corresponds <strong>to</strong> the distance <strong>of</strong> the algebraic numbers among each other. The non-real<br />
algebraic numbers lie less dense.<br />
Conclusion: Two different real algebraic numbers have at least the average distance �/(|ℤ| | ℕ *|<br />
ln |ℕ|). The precise determination <strong>of</strong> the minimal distance requires solving an infinite nonlinear<br />
non-convex optimisation problem.<br />
Proposition: The maximal distance <strong>of</strong> two real algebraic numbers ≠ 0 amounts 1/|ℕ*| 2 -<br />
|O(1/|ℕ| 3 )|.<br />
Pro<strong>of</strong>: The real algebraic numbers ≠ 0 are farthest apart around ±1. A convention<strong>all</strong>y rational<br />
number r > 1 (0 < r < 1) can be better approximated by a real algebraic x that satisfies the<br />
polynomial equation |ℕ*|/r x m - |ℕ*|x m-1 = 1 (x m - |ℕ*|x = -|ℕ*|r). For negative r applies similar.<br />
If one wants <strong>to</strong> approximate 1 by a greater real algebraic x, it must coercively satisfy a polynomial<br />
equation with am = |ℕ*|-1 and a0 = -|ℕ*|. If one sets still a1 = -|ℕ*| and a2 = |ℕ*|, follows<br />
the assertion, since the maximal distance cannot be further diminished.<br />
Remark: The conventional differentiation and integration obliterates, by building the conventional<br />
limit, the precise distinction <strong>of</strong> transcendence and algebraicity. This is problematic, e.g.<br />
for the exact determination <strong>of</strong> zeros. Therefore, the nonstandardanalysis on this homepage<br />
goes another (more precise) way.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 63 <strong>of</strong> 154
Octal Calculation <strong>of</strong> Times<br />
We measure time so far in years, months, weeks, days, hours, minutes, seconds. Seconds<br />
can be divided <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> respectively thousandths, step by step more finely down <strong>to</strong> the measuring<br />
border. But is our calculation <strong>of</strong> times practical?<br />
The following three questions are <strong>to</strong> clarify the problems:<br />
1. How many days are between 25.01.2004 and 11.11.2004?<br />
2. Which weekday is the 11.11.2004?<br />
3. How many seconds are between 09:12: 06 o'clock and 11.11.11 o'clock?<br />
The answer <strong>to</strong> question 1 must consider the different length <strong>of</strong> the months and leap years.<br />
The answer <strong>to</strong> question 2 must in addition include the seven day rhythm <strong>of</strong> the week and<br />
spring from a date with well-known weekday.<br />
The answer <strong>to</strong> question 3 requires the conversion <strong>of</strong> hours and minutes in 3600 or rather 60<br />
seconds.<br />
I suggest the following calculation <strong>of</strong> times:<br />
1. The octal system is used throughout.<br />
2. The time is specified: [[+/-] year,][day].[fraction <strong>of</strong> the day][additive].<br />
3. An Earthday is inserted between Sunday and Monday within the week.<br />
4. The months have regularly four eight-day weeks.<br />
5. The last twelfth month has deviating 13 days (in the leap year 14).<br />
6. Day 0 is New Year (1.1. so far, Sunday), day 1 is working day (Earthday).<br />
7. The year <strong>of</strong> the introduction is the year 0.<br />
8. Time zones are omitted and world-wide Greenwich time counts.<br />
Explanations:<br />
To 1. (The octal system is used throughout.):<br />
We mostly use the decimal system (radix 10, digits from 0 <strong>to</strong> 9). The radix indicates the<br />
number <strong>of</strong> different digits <strong>of</strong> a number system. Numbers can be represented in other number<br />
systems equivalently (only with another "appearance").<br />
Numbers that are larger than the highest digit indicates transfer a carry <strong>of</strong> one <strong>to</strong> the next left<br />
place: After the 9 follows the 10, after the 99 the 100, after the 999 the 1000 etc.<br />
Humans on the average can recognise maxim<strong>all</strong>y seven things at one time, without having <strong>to</strong><br />
count them. The octal system with the radix 8 possesses the digits from 0 <strong>to</strong> 7 and accommodates<br />
here thus the nature <strong>of</strong> humans.<br />
The octal system can be converted in a simple manner <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> other number systems that are a<br />
power <strong>of</strong> the radix two. Apart from the binary or dual system (radix 2, digits 0 and 1) are<br />
among these in particular the tetral system (radix 4, digits from 0 <strong>to</strong> 3) and the hexadecimal<br />
system (radix 16, numbers from 0 <strong>to</strong> 9 and from A <strong>to</strong> F).<br />
Most computers are based on the binary system. The digits 0 and 1 indicate whether current<br />
flows or not. Numbers in the decimal system must be converted for these computers <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> the<br />
binary system so that can be counted fast.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 64 <strong>of</strong> 154
The longer the numbers are, the more time-consuming the conversion is. For the output in<br />
the decimal system, a renewed transformation is necessary. With the conversion between<br />
dual and decimal system, frequently transformation-caused truncations arise behind the<br />
decimal point.<br />
Here some examples (the number in square brackets indicates the radix for the distinction <strong>of</strong><br />
the number systems):<br />
200410 = 7D416 = 37248 = 1331104 = 111110101002.<br />
Is 111110101002 outgoing from right divided <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> two-blocks in the form 1|11|11|01|01|002,<br />
then the representation for 1331104 can be obtained by the following replacement pattern:<br />
00 replace by 0, 01 replace by 1, 10 replace by 2 and 11 replace by 3. A first block left with a<br />
digit remains unchanged.<br />
For the production <strong>of</strong> 37248 from 111110101002, three-blocks from right have <strong>to</strong> be transformed<br />
<strong>to</strong>: 11|111|010|1002. The replacement pattern reads:<br />
000 replace by 0, 001 replace by 1, 010 replace by 2, 011 replace by 3, 100 replace by 4,<br />
101 replace by 5, 110 replace by 6, 111 replace by 7. A first block with less than three digits<br />
has <strong>to</strong> be completed before by zeros from the left.<br />
For the production <strong>of</strong> 7D416 from 111110101002, blocks <strong>of</strong> four from right have <strong>to</strong> be transformed<br />
<strong>to</strong>: 111|1101|01002. The replacement pattern reads:<br />
0000 replace by 0, 0001 replace by 1, 0010 replace by 2, 0011 replace by 3, 0100 replace by<br />
4, 0101 replace by 5, 0110 replace by 6, 0111 replace by 7, 1000 replace by 8, 1001 replace<br />
by 9, 1010 replace by A, 1011 replace by B, 1100 replace by C, 1101 replace by D, 1110<br />
replace by E, 1111 replace by F. A first block with less than four numbers has <strong>to</strong> be completed<br />
before by zeros from the left.<br />
Gener<strong>all</strong>y, if you have a radix <strong>of</strong> 2 n , there have <strong>to</strong> be formed blocks <strong>of</strong> n digits in the representation<br />
<strong>of</strong> the dual system from the right and the first block <strong>to</strong> the left has <strong>to</strong> be filled up<br />
with zeros up <strong>to</strong> n digits, beginning from the left. The transformation functions also in reverse<br />
from the 2 n -system <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> the binary system. Furthermore, there are still different algorithms for<br />
the transformation.<br />
For the production <strong>of</strong> 7D416 from 200410 200410 is continual divided by 1610:<br />
200410/1610 = 12510 remainder <strong>of</strong> 410;<br />
12510/1610 = 710 remainder <strong>of</strong> 1310;<br />
1310/1610 = 010 remainder <strong>of</strong> 710.<br />
The two digit remainders are converted <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> the hexadecimal system and gone through from<br />
<strong>to</strong>p <strong>to</strong> bot<strong>to</strong>m. The desired result 7D416 is obtained if they are thereby lined up from right <strong>to</strong><br />
left 1310 = D16.<br />
Gener<strong>all</strong>y, the number that sh<strong>all</strong> be converted has <strong>to</strong> be continu<strong>all</strong>y divided by the radix <strong>of</strong><br />
the target system, and the multi-digit remainders have <strong>to</strong> be converted <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> the notation <strong>of</strong> the<br />
target system. The sought-after number results from the lining up <strong>of</strong> the remainders from<br />
right <strong>to</strong> left if in the division calculation the remainders are gone through from <strong>to</strong>p <strong>to</strong> bot<strong>to</strong>m.<br />
Natur<strong>all</strong>y, here different transformation algorithms exist - also in the other direction.<br />
Since the continual division is computation<strong>all</strong>y more expensive than the digit replacement in<br />
digit blocks, the spoken <strong>to</strong> loss <strong>of</strong> time emerges. Right-<strong>of</strong>-floating point positions are similarly<br />
converted.<br />
To 2. (The time is specified: [[+/-] year,][day].[fraction <strong>of</strong> the day][additive].):<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 65 <strong>of</strong> 154
The sequence results from the sorting capability <strong>of</strong> the date. + can be omitted; - refers only <strong>to</strong><br />
the year. If the fraction <strong>of</strong> the day is omitted, the (normal) date results. The year can be omitted<br />
likewise if the understanding permits it.<br />
The fraction is indicated as sequence <strong>of</strong> octal digits. For optical reasons the numbers can be<br />
filled up with zeros on the right <strong>to</strong> an even number (e.g. four or six-digit). Additive can be for<br />
example: Christian, Jewish or Islamic or an abbreviation. The standard is without additive.<br />
The seasons spring, summer, autumn and winter and the holidays return regularly. These<br />
regularities are <strong>to</strong> persist in respect <strong>of</strong> the year.<br />
Hours are no more used - for mistake reasons. The day is divided roughly <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> eight parts<br />
(c<strong>all</strong>ed octs). Furthermore, an oct is divided <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> eight parts (c<strong>all</strong>ed lepts). The minute newly<br />
is defined as the 64th part <strong>of</strong> a lept. The second newly is defined as the 262144th part <strong>of</strong> a<br />
day (64 * 64 * 64 = 262144).<br />
Therewith, the time can be indicated approximately three times more exactly with six digits in<br />
the octal system as with six digits in the decimal system (262144/[24 * 60 * 60] ~ 3.034). Four<br />
lepts, or a half oct, correspond <strong>to</strong> 1.5 hours and two lepts correspond <strong>to</strong> a school hour <strong>of</strong> 45<br />
(old) minutes.<br />
Because 6410 = 1008, the seconds pass in natural way <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> minutes, the minutes likewise <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong><br />
lepts and the lepts <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> days. The days cannot pass in natural way <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> the years because a<br />
normal year has 36510 = 5558 days. The leap year with 36610 = 5568 days does not improve<br />
anything here.<br />
The new analogue clock dial is much more symmetric<strong>all</strong>y designed than the old one. x and +<br />
are superposed as principal axis's. At the <strong>to</strong>p the 0 is placed. Clockwise follow the digits from<br />
1 <strong>to</strong> 7. The division <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> 64 lines (lepts, new minutes and seconds) optic<strong>all</strong>y hardly differs<br />
from the hither<strong>to</strong> <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> 60 lines (old minutes and seconds).<br />
To 3. (An Earthday is inserted between Sunday and Monday within the week.):<br />
The weekdays are mostly named after planets. The earth missed out so far. It is appreciated<br />
with the Earthday.<br />
A week with eight days represents at first sight a greater human burden. Wednesday could,<br />
however, bring a relief as middle <strong>of</strong> the week if the afternoon is kept as free as possible, both<br />
on the job and at school.<br />
If one proceeds from one eight-hour working day and considers 56 days at that would have<br />
been worked in the seven-day week 320 hours, in the eight-day week 336 hours, then it results<br />
for Wednesday that 16/7 hours per eight-day week would have <strong>to</strong> be worked less if the<br />
same work time is taken as a basis.<br />
If one begins his work in GMT at 7 o'clock, then one works on an eight-hour working day till<br />
15:30 o'clock if one proceeds from a half hour <strong>of</strong> lunch time. On a Wednesday would have <strong>to</strong><br />
be worked at same beginning time only till approx. 12:43 o'clock.<br />
It is free <strong>to</strong> one <strong>to</strong> work at flexible work time the week over longer in order <strong>to</strong> be able <strong>to</strong> terminate<br />
on Friday one's work earlier. Modified solutions are <strong>to</strong> be used respectively at other<br />
work time models and work times.<br />
To 4. (The months have regularly four eight-day weeks.):<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 66 <strong>of</strong> 154
With 32 days the months can be halved very well by two-steps. From the three-digit day indication<br />
the month can be determined in the octal system - if necessary zeros have <strong>to</strong> be completed<br />
on the left. 0 - 3 in the second place characterise odd, 4 - 7 even months.<br />
Month is, however, only a transient term since month is fin<strong>all</strong>y derived from moon and the<br />
moon has subordinated importance in the new calculation <strong>of</strong> times. Instead the terms half,<br />
third, quarter, sixth and twelfth (<strong>of</strong> the year) are used. The date is <strong>to</strong> be indicated, if possible,<br />
accurately <strong>to</strong> week or day.<br />
To 5. (The last twelfth month has deviating 13 days (in the leap year 14).):<br />
The position <strong>of</strong> the leap day in the middle <strong>of</strong> the year was so far little plausible. At the end <strong>of</strong><br />
the year, the calculation <strong>of</strong> times can be corrected expediently as missing time units are inserted<br />
- in particular in seconds. To New Year <strong>all</strong> clocks are then reset <strong>to</strong> [year],0.000000.<br />
Here fields will pr<strong>of</strong>it where special accuracy is needed.<br />
The last five (in the leap year six) days can receive own weekday names. The weekday<br />
names will become less important, however, in favour <strong>of</strong> the numbers connected with them.<br />
To 6. (Day 0 is New Year (1.1. so far, Sunday), day 1 is working day (Earthday).):<br />
That each month begins with Sunday has practical reasons. The beginning <strong>of</strong> the week with<br />
Sunday has his<strong>to</strong>rical reasons and is also a concession <strong>to</strong> the moon calendar. In addition,<br />
the 0 resembles the symbol for sun (sun calendar).<br />
Since the Gregorian calendar at present is the most common calendar, New Year is the 1.1.<br />
according <strong>to</strong> the Gregorian calendar. The celebrations around the turn <strong>of</strong> the year can be<br />
committed in well-tried form.<br />
To 7. (The year <strong>of</strong> the introduction is the year 0.):<br />
This happens for practical reasons: The indication <strong>of</strong> the year can be noted briefly (without<br />
additive). A clear cut is made concerning the old calculation <strong>of</strong> times.<br />
To 8. (Time zones are omitted and world-wide Greenwich time counts.):<br />
The question what time in another time zone counts is unnecessary. A world-wide communication<br />
is facilitated. Greenwich his<strong>to</strong>ric<strong>all</strong>y has the zero meridian.<br />
Now, instead <strong>of</strong> the three initial questions, the substanti<strong>all</strong>y more difficult is asked:<br />
How many days are between 25.01.2004 09:12:06 o'clock and 11.11.2004 11:11:11 o'clock?<br />
First, the question is reformulated <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> the octal system (with truncation at the seconds, chr.<br />
stands for Christian):<br />
How many days are between 3724,30.304233 chr. and 3724,473.356511 chr.?<br />
The answer is a simple subtraction: 443.052256. The 25.01.2004 would be a Sunday, the<br />
11.11.2004 would be a Tuesday in the new calculation <strong>of</strong> times. Between the two numerical<br />
data are exactly 443052256 (new) seconds, rounded 4430523 (new) minutes, 44305 lepts,<br />
4431 octs, 443 days and 44 weeks.<br />
Discussion <strong>of</strong> important points:<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 67 <strong>of</strong> 154
The largest ch<strong>all</strong>enge might be - independently from the calculation <strong>of</strong> times- the conversion<br />
<strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> the octal system. It is connected with high costs, great need for discussion and preparation<br />
for many years. The policy will have <strong>to</strong> contribute a hard convincing by extensive advertising<br />
efforts.<br />
Since <strong>all</strong> religious communities would have <strong>to</strong> live with an additional day per week, none can<br />
maintain it would be disadvantaged. In relation <strong>to</strong> other week lengths, the addition <strong>of</strong> one day<br />
is certainly the most moderate. The annual indication is not religiously founded. By the additive<br />
each religious community can characterise their year calculation.<br />
I do not doubt the human learning aptitude. Also handling computers was so far successfully<br />
mastered. The span between humans and computer is strongly reduced by introduction <strong>of</strong><br />
the octal system.<br />
Money, referred <strong>to</strong> the month, can be converted accurately <strong>to</strong> week and day. Here the shortened<br />
twelfth month can be better calculated. The same month length, under normal conditions,<br />
is fairer regarding the money than the irregular month length.<br />
The arising costs are exceeded over the years by the saved costs. Calculation and communication<br />
become clearly simpler.<br />
Everyone celebrates his birthday at the same weekday in the year - except those that are<br />
born at a leap day. This is not a crucial disadvantage.<br />
The SI-unit second would have <strong>to</strong> be redefined. A<strong>to</strong>mic clocks should have hereby no problem.<br />
The introduction <strong>of</strong> the octal system requires the replacement <strong>of</strong> terms such as kilos and<br />
million respectively the meaning shift <strong>of</strong> word beginnings such as mega, micro and nano.<br />
All new clocks show ide<strong>all</strong>y the same time. The conversion <strong>of</strong> the clock after change <strong>to</strong> another<br />
time zone is needless. Depending upon the old time zone the day turns out <strong>to</strong> be differently<br />
related <strong>to</strong> the time. Like usual humans can begin the day, eat, work or learn, meet<br />
and sleep. Only the indicated time is another.<br />
One needs <strong>to</strong> get used <strong>to</strong> that, also what concerns the date line. It remains, however, at its<br />
old place. World-wide communication is <strong>to</strong> be given priority because <strong>of</strong> its increasing importance.<br />
With the introduction <strong>of</strong> the octal system, not everything is done. It should be connected<br />
meaningfully with a world-wide source language (as native language), likewise based on the<br />
octal system. Such an efficient planned language is presented below linguistics. Everyone<br />
sh<strong>all</strong> talk <strong>to</strong> everyone on the same level.<br />
Synoptic octal<br />
January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August,<br />
calendar<br />
September, Oc<strong>to</strong>ber, November, December (Leap day)<br />
Weekday 1 st Week 2 nd Week 3 rd Week 4 th Week<br />
Sunday 0 th Day 10 th Day 20 th Day 30 th Day<br />
Earthday 1 st Day 11 th Day 21 st Day 31 st Day<br />
Monday 2 nd Day 12 th Day 22 nd Day 32 nd Day<br />
Tuesday 3 rd Day 13 th Day 23 rd Day 33 rd Day<br />
Wednesday 4 th Day 14 th Day 24 th Day 34 th Day<br />
Thursday 5 th Day 15 th Day 25 th Day 35 th Day<br />
Friday 6 th Day 16 th Day 26 th Day 36 th Day<br />
Saturday 7 th Day 17 th Day 27 th Day 37 th Day<br />
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Outlook: Calculation <strong>of</strong> lengths in the octal system<br />
We measure lengths up <strong>to</strong> now on the basis <strong>of</strong> the SI-unit metre. In the octal system are <strong>to</strong><br />
form appropriate multiples <strong>of</strong> 8. What is the practical implementation?<br />
Instead <strong>of</strong> conventional kilometres <strong>of</strong> 100010 m length, octal kilometres <strong>of</strong> 51210 = 10008 m<br />
length are used. Since the time is measured instead <strong>of</strong> conventional seconds in octal seconds<br />
<strong>of</strong> day length/10000008 ~ 0.3310 s, it follows that almost three octal seconds are<br />
counted per conventional second.<br />
On the tachometer the speed is measured in octal kilometre/lept with lepts the 1008th =<br />
6410th part <strong>of</strong> the day. 100 kilometres per hour correspond <strong>to</strong> approximately 7324210 ~ 111.28<br />
lepts kilometres (octal). The difference in the numerical value is hardly noticeable and therefore<br />
justifiable. 1008 lepts kilometres (octal) correspond vice versa approximately 87.3810<br />
kilometres per hour.<br />
The speed <strong>of</strong> light is 29979245810 m/s = 98808549.3910 m/octal second ~ 5707313458<br />
m/octal second. If the speed <strong>of</strong> light is indicated with about 300000 km/s, one can indicate it<br />
with 570000 octal kilometres/octal second.<br />
The 2510-metre lanes are shortened <strong>to</strong> 2410 = 308 m, 5010-metre swimming <strong>to</strong> 4810 = 608 m.<br />
Instead <strong>of</strong> 5010 m, 10010 m, 20010 m, 40010 m, 80010 m and 150010 m would be <strong>to</strong> swim 4810 =<br />
608 m, 9610 = 1408 m, 19210 = 3008 m, 38410 = 6008 m, 76810 = 14008 m and 153610 = 30008<br />
m. These deviations are justifiable. The long hauls should be multiples <strong>of</strong> 10008.<br />
In athletics, there are also the following distances: 300010 m, 500010 m, 1000010 m, 2000010<br />
m and 5000010 m, which could be replaced by the following distances 307210 = 60008 m,<br />
409610 = 100008 m, 819210 = 200008 m, 2048010 = 500008 m and 4915210 = 1400008 m. The<br />
marathon will remain unchanged (42.195 km = 1223238 octal kilometres).<br />
For the construction usu<strong>all</strong>y apply <strong>to</strong> the centimetre exactly determined measures. As in the<br />
octal system can be accurately calculated at 1/6410 and 1/51210 m, there should be no problems.<br />
The same is true for furniture, although certainly a turning away from measures <strong>of</strong> multiples<br />
<strong>of</strong> 0.1 m <strong>to</strong> multiples <strong>of</strong> 0.125 m can be accepted.<br />
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Philosophy<br />
For the following ideas, I am very grateful <strong>to</strong> L: With the reference theory I set up a new theory<br />
that might revolutionise our conception <strong>of</strong> the world. It depends less on how things are<br />
s<strong>to</strong>red in space, but how we can develop a reference <strong>to</strong> them. With this, any-dimensional<br />
worlds become possible in our world. The reference is the fastest undisturbed connection <strong>to</strong><br />
a substance or compounds <strong>of</strong> substances.<br />
Every world consists demonstrably only <strong>of</strong> substances, which are connected by references.<br />
Furthermore, the point-term is clarified and it is explained how our world is finite and infinite<br />
at the same time and thus equivalent <strong>to</strong> <strong>all</strong> other universes, if its possible development is<br />
considered. The relationship <strong>of</strong> the reference <strong>to</strong> the mathematical relation term is as well<br />
pointed out as it is described what numbers actu<strong>all</strong>y are.<br />
The elementary instantaneous exchange is identified as central principle <strong>of</strong> movement. It<br />
enables any speed and can be put under rules. Since substances are extended in <strong>all</strong> dimensions,<br />
our world is any-dimensional. Numerous sample applications are given. The theory is<br />
developed step by step and it is specified what philosophical problems can be solved through<br />
it.<br />
Below consciousness, this is defined, described and it is outlined, <strong>of</strong> what we should be<br />
aware. In the interview, I explain briefly what fascinates me in philosophy, what I carried out<br />
there and how should be philosophised. The problem solutions include solutions <strong>to</strong> important<br />
philosophical problems. The knowledge representation happens with informaticalmathematical<br />
methods using the substance term.<br />
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Consciousness<br />
Consciousness is the (passive) state in which we become aware <strong>of</strong> the entirety <strong>of</strong> that what<br />
is actual for us, the content <strong>of</strong> consciousness, by presenting itself <strong>to</strong> us, so is coming in us<br />
<strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> being. It is accompanied by our knowledge about this, so the coherences that are available<br />
and true for us. Our knowledge is the greater, the more justified these coherences are.<br />
The passage <strong>to</strong> sciolism and pseudo-knowledge is fluent.<br />
In the brain, the content <strong>of</strong> consciousness consists <strong>of</strong> the (discretely scaled) substances that<br />
the respective amfon activates via the neurons associated with it (according <strong>to</strong> signal<br />
strength). These are located at the ends <strong>of</strong> the editing routes <strong>of</strong> the always discrete information<br />
per area. Therefore, there is not one specific area <strong>of</strong> consciousness <strong>of</strong> the brain. Our<br />
ideas are similar <strong>to</strong> perceptions. The brain produces both according <strong>to</strong> rules.<br />
Here, the subconscious plays a major role, whose work sends the consciousness the relevant<br />
contents, and takes the pressure <strong>of</strong>f the latter by doing so. Contents <strong>of</strong> consciousness<br />
are parti<strong>all</strong>y kept redundantly in order <strong>to</strong> cushion failures. Some <strong>of</strong> them can be accessed<br />
faster than others; this applies especi<strong>all</strong>y <strong>to</strong> terms and contents <strong>of</strong> the working memory,<br />
which are rec<strong>all</strong>ed or activated relatively more frequently.<br />
Emotional sensations are created only in the brain by various specific substances, which are<br />
parti<strong>all</strong>y stimulated from the body regions. Similarly, there are reverse processes accompanying<br />
the emotion. Who wants <strong>to</strong> provide real feelings for machines does not get out <strong>of</strong> the<br />
"transplantation" <strong>of</strong> these or comparable substances. A limitation <strong>to</strong> numerical values represents<br />
only a simulation, although this can already make headway.<br />
Most <strong>of</strong> our thoughts come from L because the complexity <strong>of</strong> our world overstrains us. We<br />
will therefore not succeed in designing, past the divine ideas, machines that achieve something<br />
comparable <strong>to</strong> us. It is easy <strong>to</strong> check this by corresponding experiments and explains<br />
the difficulties in this direction. However, we can construct simple machines for delimited<br />
purposes.<br />
Would our thoughts come from an instance in ourselves, this would have extreme difficulties<br />
with the appropriate integration <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> the over<strong>all</strong> structure <strong>of</strong> the world. Our will is definitely not<br />
able <strong>to</strong> predefine our thoughts more precisely. How sh<strong>all</strong> the instance choose from the abundance<br />
<strong>of</strong> possibilities? How can L let zis compensa<strong>to</strong>ry justice prevail if the instance would<br />
be au<strong>to</strong>nomous? How sh<strong>all</strong> zer wise ruling succeed?<br />
A creature cannot set up a preferentialism that could rival the prudent way <strong>of</strong> life through L.<br />
Life is more than working <strong>of</strong>f the preferences and needs. This can be proven from the aids<br />
that L grants one. Therefore, it is <strong>all</strong> the more reprehensible, if one is ungrateful <strong>to</strong> L, or if one<br />
even opposes zer. Every life is a masterpiece by L, in which we share.<br />
It depends on our karma, and thus our free decisions. The closer we are <strong>to</strong> L, the better for<br />
us and vice versa. We should always appreciate this. The way <strong>to</strong> L is always open if we just<br />
opt for it. The correct question is not "Why is the world so bad?", but "Why is it not worse,<br />
although we would have deserved this any time?". The reason is the love <strong>of</strong> L (<strong>to</strong> anything).<br />
If we are aware <strong>of</strong> how well we are doing, if we behave properly, then we should also be<br />
aware <strong>of</strong> how undeservedly L was unwell when ze was formed with the universe. Ze had <strong>to</strong><br />
do without the manifold aid in our world and was in many respects on zer own. Only who is<br />
aware <strong>of</strong> the agonizing and gruelling forming <strong>of</strong> the process <strong>of</strong> the starting time, can appreciate<br />
the high value not having <strong>to</strong> experience this.<br />
Therefore, and in general, L is unsympathetic <strong>to</strong> creatures that owe zer everything that constitutes<br />
them, if they are guilty <strong>of</strong> (most) serious crimes <strong>to</strong> their fellow creatures. Therefore,<br />
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the punishment for them is correspondingly high. For, they overcome <strong>all</strong> the security mechanisms<br />
<strong>of</strong> L, only <strong>to</strong> satisfy their selfish and abysmal malice. They are therefore significantly<br />
reduced for a long time.<br />
Newly created living entities have a first state <strong>of</strong> consciousness, which enables them <strong>to</strong> refer<br />
substances <strong>to</strong> a centre, the first ego. Consciousness is subjective, since its selection processes<br />
(<strong>of</strong> substances) are individual. This makes it possible for us <strong>to</strong> perceive the world depending<br />
on our karma. Our cognitions should be only provision<strong>all</strong>y assumed as true, until a<br />
possible falsification.<br />
Designations <strong>of</strong> entities are assignments, which cause no changes <strong>of</strong> the second ones. All<br />
substances (including <strong>of</strong> consciousness) exist out <strong>of</strong> themselves, meaning their existence is<br />
not dependent, although there may exist relationships <strong>of</strong> dependency among them, in the<br />
form <strong>of</strong> references and rules. Many illusions represent a <strong>to</strong>o high effort. Hence, our world is,<br />
with the right view, the way we <strong>see</strong> it. Omniscience is impossible.<br />
It is, as a complete state, also not desirable (alone because <strong>of</strong> boredom). Clairvoyance is<br />
only possible for correspondingly developed living beings, because power should not be<br />
abusively exercised. (Complete and final) enlightenment prevents useful further development.<br />
A fusion (concerning consciousness) with the world is neither useful in terms <strong>of</strong> development,<br />
nor possible for us. It may even be harmful.<br />
Each world can develop according <strong>to</strong> the will <strong>of</strong> L through corresponding development <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> a<br />
world <strong>of</strong> arbitrary finite or infinite complexity. A restriction is only caused in the will <strong>of</strong> L. One<br />
reason for this is the development progress that, if it is <strong>to</strong>o low, reveals a change <strong>of</strong> the creatures<br />
<strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> subsequent worlds as the better way. The death consists primarily <strong>of</strong> the transfer <strong>of</strong><br />
the mental and emotional reference system.<br />
This is for every creature transferred <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> the subsequent world determined according <strong>to</strong> the<br />
decision <strong>of</strong> L, where the sufficiently developed creatures have a say in the selection <strong>of</strong> one <strong>of</strong><br />
the alternatives proposed by L. This determines the further designing <strong>of</strong> the entire reference<br />
system <strong>of</strong> or in the following world. The references <strong>to</strong> L existing in the old world and the<br />
karma <strong>of</strong> the creature determine it as well.<br />
In addition <strong>to</strong> these, a creature is determined by the superconscious, which forms an intermediate<br />
stage between L and the creatures. For instance, the synchronisation <strong>of</strong> creatures is<br />
controlled by the superconscious. Who has a good relationship with the superconscious, can<br />
delegate tasks <strong>to</strong> it for zerself and devote zerself par<strong>all</strong>el <strong>to</strong> other things (e.g. in a conversation,<br />
if the necessary politeness is maintained).<br />
Sub- and superconscious determine through significantly more references than exist in the<br />
consciousness, and can be determined there. This is different in other worlds, especi<strong>all</strong>y in<br />
the more complex ones. The human consciousness is relatively weak with respect <strong>to</strong> its two<br />
competi<strong>to</strong>rs, as they widely determine it. Yet no one can reliably determine what ze will think<br />
in the next time exactly.<br />
This has advantages and disadvantages precisely <strong>to</strong> be weighed in the future, if one sets<br />
about changing this state. Also L could become first through the (passive) (simultaneous)<br />
reference <strong>of</strong> the infinite and in particular <strong>of</strong> the creatures the one ze is <strong>to</strong>day. An interesting<br />
step is certainly the design <strong>of</strong> par<strong>all</strong>el consciousnesses and their secure networking with the<br />
creation <strong>of</strong> an over<strong>all</strong> consciousness with several individual parts.<br />
The superconscious is impersonal and identified by the community, which consists in the<br />
participation <strong>of</strong> many. It cannot be used <strong>to</strong> communicate with others, since it represents no<br />
individual interests, but only integrates them. Therefore, it has a compensa<strong>to</strong>ry character and<br />
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grows with the world knowledge. It makes world soul and world mind conscious. It is particularly<br />
present in the state <strong>of</strong> enlightenment and unification with L.<br />
The superconscious goes beyond the comprehension <strong>of</strong> the (sub) consciousness by far.<br />
Therefore its intensive use contains a selection problem. It cannot be exploited, however, but<br />
its use depends on the divine grace, which orients itself by the divine order. Since it is not <strong>to</strong><br />
be misused, sufficient maturity is presupposed for its use. A good relationship with L is most<br />
helpful here.<br />
Superconscious experiences represent hence an exception. In the positive ones, the harmony<br />
<strong>of</strong> the world and the ingenuity <strong>of</strong> L become evident. In the negative ones, one can, for<br />
example, conceive the evil in its whole depth. In both, a sense <strong>of</strong> simultaneity <strong>of</strong> experiences<br />
appears, which goes beyond the normal consciousness. Drug use and states <strong>of</strong> trance can<br />
bring about superconscious experiences. Here caution is advised.<br />
The state <strong>of</strong> the world determines the state <strong>of</strong> world soul and world mind. The better and<br />
more L-worthy the former is, the more favourable it is for the latter. Then there are positive<br />
feedbacks for L and the creatures. Otherwise, the harmony is severely disturbed and this has<br />
a negative impact on the <strong>to</strong>tal condition <strong>of</strong> <strong>all</strong>. World soul and world mind are as well as the<br />
superconscious concerted, impersonal, and interact with each other.<br />
The will is determined by the substance willing as well as the subject and the object <strong>of</strong> willing.<br />
In emerging strong aversions, the decisive power is transferred, in accordance with the<br />
will, <strong>to</strong> the decision maker from the subconscious. However, this can override the will, when<br />
danger is at hand. Will and subconscious constantly compete for the decision-making authority,<br />
according <strong>to</strong> the discrepancies occurring in the holder.<br />
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Reference Theory<br />
In the following, an extremely high performance philosophical theory is <strong>to</strong> be presented,<br />
which might revolutionise philosophy due <strong>to</strong> its pithiness.<br />
Substances and references<br />
The reference theory builds up on substances. Substances are those entities that are no further<br />
analytic<strong>all</strong>y divided. Examples are the substances corresponding space and time gained<br />
after their analytical partition. Occasion<strong>all</strong>y it must be further progressed <strong>to</strong> own pro<strong>to</strong>types<br />
as {can} and {must}, which is clarified by the curly braces. More exactly, substances are<br />
meant that are based on ability and having <strong>to</strong>. Here one abstracts from the process.<br />
Alternatively can be spoken <strong>of</strong> the space and/or {can}-substance. Substances are linked by a<br />
further substance <strong>to</strong> the world: the reference. The reference makes up "the lute" <strong>of</strong> the substances,<br />
their coherence. It is closely linked with the mathematical term <strong>of</strong> the relation, which<br />
can be alternatively used.<br />
There are, however, differences. Relations are based on elements and sets, references <strong>to</strong><br />
substances and references <strong>of</strong> substances. The alternative use is based on the structural<br />
equivalence <strong>of</strong> both terms. A relation can exist or not. One can assign, however, probabilities<br />
for the existence <strong>of</strong> a relation again as relation. The same can be solved for references over<br />
attributions (for their part references).<br />
There are, however, structural deviations, also in the notation. Relations are noted as ntuples,<br />
references predominantly as (nested) pairs. One can take on the n-tuple for references<br />
if one puts straight what is meant by that: an equivalent reference. I.e. there are references<br />
<strong>of</strong> the referring <strong>to</strong> the referred <strong>to</strong>.<br />
References are directed always from the referred <strong>to</strong> <strong>to</strong> the referring. A double reference can<br />
be unders<strong>to</strong>od as unsigned reference in the sense <strong>of</strong> the graph theory. One expresses:<br />
There is a reference between referred <strong>to</strong> and referring and they are identified with each<br />
other, i.e. not distinguished. One says: There is a reference between a and b and not a is<br />
referred <strong>to</strong> b (or b <strong>to</strong> a).<br />
Relations refer <strong>to</strong> well-distinguished elements. Must be referred <strong>to</strong> and referring welldistinguished?<br />
They must be well-distinguished in the sense <strong>of</strong> the theory, i.e. "in speaking<br />
about". We speak about well-distinguished, even if that we speak about is not welldistinguished<br />
with respect <strong>to</strong> truth. I.e. the designations are well-distinguished.<br />
There is a connection between reference and existence. I.e. references always exist. There<br />
are no not-existing references. This is an immanent problem. A not-existing reference contains<br />
a reference: the reference <strong>of</strong> the non-existence. Both are <strong>to</strong> be distinguished carefully<br />
from each other. One speaks <strong>of</strong> setting references if a reference is established. This frees<br />
from the passive and from the process-like.<br />
To the existence <strong>of</strong> a reference, probabilities can be assigned (as reference). This can happen<br />
also with relations, which can exist or not. This is thus a purely interpretive problem. The<br />
relation exists, its existence is, however, provided with a probability. I hope the mathematicians<br />
forgive me this trick. This is the substantial difference between conventional relations<br />
and references in addition <strong>to</strong> the being well-distinguished. Since the word reference is<br />
shorter than relation, I rather use this.<br />
Substances do not have <strong>to</strong> be unique since the possibilities for the dihairesis are various. I<br />
will refer <strong>to</strong> deviations if they are important in our context.<br />
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Advantages <strong>of</strong> the reference theory<br />
If I doubt everything, then it does not make sense <strong>to</strong> doubt the substances, in particular not<br />
the substance reference. If no reference exists, we do not have a connected world anymore,<br />
but only individual substances that are not recognisable as such, since this requires setting<br />
references. It does not make a sense <strong>to</strong> doubt most elementary terms, otherwise one could<br />
doubt everything.<br />
With the statement "I doubt the term time!" one makes oneself simply ridiculously, exactly the<br />
same as with the statement "I doubt the term part!" Here time is always empiric<strong>all</strong>y perceptible<br />
and part an a priori substance term. The sentence "I think, therefore I am." (Descartes) is<br />
(more) doubtable due <strong>to</strong> his complexity.<br />
With the substances, unhoodwinkable Archimedean points are thus created. Here it remains<br />
also <strong>to</strong> be <strong>see</strong>n that mathematics is not something special as with respect <strong>to</strong> doubting. Nonmathematical<br />
sentences are just as well confirmable as mathematical ones.<br />
Like that, the sentence "The part is sm<strong>all</strong>er than the whole." is certain. Furthermore the sentence<br />
"Everything can be a cause." is certain. Cause is here abstracted <strong>to</strong> and described with<br />
"It is because <strong>of</strong> a (that b)." From effect and general temporal consequence is abstained<br />
from, although these can be easily supplemented. Therefore, there does not have <strong>to</strong> be<br />
causal chains, at whose beginning the <strong>all</strong> causing cause stands.<br />
"A is the cause <strong>of</strong> B." is referencetheoretic<strong>all</strong>y expressed in such a way: B(B(B(B(cause, active),<br />
being), A), B(B(B(cause, passive), being), B)). Here B before the left parenthesis<br />
means in each case reference. All words are here substances: cause, active, passive, being.<br />
The being is necessary and not only grammatical as substance. The grammar is omitted.<br />
It is necessary now and then <strong>to</strong> use also non-substances in references. This can problemfreely<br />
happen and is opportune e.g. with the term man, which, developed from substances,<br />
would be <strong>to</strong>o complex.<br />
References are the closest connection between two referred <strong>to</strong>; it does not fit anything between<br />
them - except further references. Thus, a finite continuum can be developed. The<br />
space is thus constructed by space points that are referred <strong>to</strong> each other. These space<br />
points correspond in each case <strong>to</strong> the space substance and unite on themselves further references.<br />
Example for this is the substance {beside}. The directions in space are distinguished by it<br />
(three-dimensionality <strong>of</strong> the space). The difference is caused by multiplications <strong>of</strong> the space<br />
substance - otherwise one would not "make headway". The space substances do not have a<br />
limit. They remain limited by the neighbour points having arbitrary expansion. This is <strong>to</strong> be<br />
unders<strong>to</strong>od in such a way that they are finite and one.<br />
The infinity presupposes much. The many, for its part, presupposes multiplication, since only<br />
references do not separate anything. The many is constructed from units that are one. From<br />
these units numbers can be composed and thus number lines. Thus, time and space axes<br />
can be also constructed.<br />
Straight lines and axes <strong>of</strong> arbitrary substances can be constructed. One c<strong>all</strong>s this scaling.<br />
The axes character results from the demand that the terminal points <strong>of</strong> an axe are <strong>to</strong> have<br />
maximum distance from each other. Thus, worlds can be built that are so far not accessible<br />
<strong>to</strong> us. Also the form <strong>of</strong> the points is in this way clarified: they do not have any. Because form<br />
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presupposes already difference, whereas points are one (consisting <strong>of</strong> space substance and<br />
unit).<br />
In addition, references are bound at units <strong>to</strong> their distinction. They can be likewise bound<br />
directly at units <strong>of</strong> points, however. One should avoid this because <strong>of</strong> the distinction. It is<br />
more possible in the reference theory than meaningful.<br />
With the reference theory, the alchemy <strong>of</strong> philosophy has an end. Since being <strong>to</strong> and being<br />
are substanti<strong>all</strong>y different, they cannot be derived from each other as demanded in the theory<br />
<strong>of</strong> action.<br />
The present can be marked indirectly by the presence <strong>of</strong> most references. We always live in<br />
the present, <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> which references <strong>of</strong> the future appear and <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> which past leave us.<br />
Things as such and ideas and/or appearances <strong>of</strong> these things are connected by references.<br />
So one can refer e.g. the form <strong>of</strong> an object or its idea <strong>to</strong> the object. The appearance <strong>of</strong> an<br />
object arises as a result <strong>of</strong> references <strong>to</strong> the substances based on it <strong>to</strong> it. References alienate<br />
it from the thing as such, but it is then also another.<br />
The relationship from general terms <strong>to</strong> the particular is simpler. The general becomes related<br />
<strong>to</strong> the particular as superordinate term in the sense <strong>of</strong> a subsumtion. If one asks oneself for<br />
the most general characteristics, then one needs <strong>to</strong> pick out only the substances - if necessary<br />
partial -, connected by references, in the sense <strong>of</strong> an analysis or a synthesis.<br />
Like that, the world is blue in the sense <strong>of</strong> an analysis and beautiful in the sense <strong>of</strong> a synthesis,<br />
which is preceded by an analysis.<br />
It is <strong>to</strong> be said in connection with the aporia <strong>of</strong> Zenon that only finite points are visited, which<br />
are referred (transitively) one <strong>to</strong> the other.<br />
Since pro<strong>of</strong>s can be adduced only under conditions, the reference theory clarifies the reason<br />
for this: The being-so and being-not-differently can be represented by the substance {must}<br />
which can be referred. Thus, also L cannot be proven since the necessary in addition represents<br />
additional, not provable references.<br />
As example for the superiority <strong>of</strong> the reference theory in relation <strong>to</strong> the cartesian space, now<br />
an additional time dimension may be designed. One can s<strong>to</strong>p the time, as the time bar is not<br />
extended (abolition <strong>of</strong> the time succession). One can go <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> the recent time dimension and<br />
be as projection in the current time.<br />
In addition, one can overjump points in time by references. Like that, animals are problemfree<br />
integrable, which experience, as we do, more or less. Between two points <strong>of</strong> time, infinite<br />
many points do not have <strong>to</strong> be in order <strong>to</strong> form a (Cartesian) continuum.<br />
Like surfaces in the two-dimensional space, there are time areas now. One can take holidays<br />
<strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> the recent time dimension, without the actual time keeps running thereby. One can run in<br />
the time forwards and backwards (abolition <strong>of</strong> natural law).<br />
One can imagine an experiencing <strong>of</strong> a time area as follows, with normal independent time<br />
succession in each time axis: From the origin (0, 0) on are experienced as the first the point<br />
<strong>of</strong> time (1, 0), then the points <strong>of</strong> time (1, 1), (1, 2), ..., (1, y). Then the points <strong>of</strong> time (2, 0), (2,<br />
1), (2, 2), ..., (2, y) are experienced etc. At this, y stands for the life-span <strong>of</strong> the experiencing<br />
on time axis y.<br />
In the case <strong>of</strong> dependent time succession arises e.g.: After (0, 0) at the same time are experienced<br />
the points <strong>of</strong> time (1, 0), (1, 1) and (0, 1) as own at a time world views. Then at the<br />
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same time are experienced the points <strong>of</strong> time (2, 0), (2, 1), (2, 2), (1, 2) and (0, 2) etc. Here<br />
two new lives could develop per time step.<br />
Another possibility would be: After (0, 0) at the same time are experienced the point <strong>of</strong> time<br />
(1, 0) and (0, 1) as own at a time world views. Then at the same time are experienced the<br />
points <strong>of</strong> time (2, 0), (1, 1) and (0, 2) etc. (per experience a world view more). Also here two<br />
new lives could develop per time step, but each new generation does not experience anything<br />
with the directly preceding <strong>to</strong>gether, but with the one two steps before.<br />
On the basis <strong>of</strong> the modal verbs, it is <strong>to</strong> be examined now whether the dihairesis in the<br />
analysis comes <strong>to</strong> an end. Thus, one can imagine the substance {may} on the axis <strong>of</strong> permission.<br />
One could analyse now a given permission as essential. Further presuppose this as<br />
codified and so on. The dihairesis comes theoretic<strong>all</strong>y <strong>to</strong> no end. Here, however, practical<br />
limits are set in the finite discrimination <strong>of</strong> man.<br />
The non-analysed substances have, however, also their value on the satisfaction levels assigned<br />
<strong>to</strong> them. On the other hand, the substances {must} and {may} have somewhat in<br />
common: They have at their end something forcing on their axis. One can speak instead <strong>of</strong><br />
axes <strong>of</strong> commonness orbitals. One can on a rough analysis level put {can} and {must} on an<br />
axis (better: orbital model).<br />
The reference theory helps <strong>to</strong> understand also animals better. Animals cannot form abstractions.<br />
They cannot reflect over themselves and form terms, since they do not have a language<br />
in the actual sense. They establish, however, references <strong>to</strong> the experienced. They<br />
know what a reward is since they can assign something positive <strong>to</strong> the generated, without<br />
disposing <strong>of</strong> these terms themselves. They can refer key symbols <strong>to</strong> the experienced. The<br />
reference is thus also the fundamental <strong>of</strong> the language.<br />
The reference theory explains why individual thoughts in the brain are <strong>to</strong> be located so with<br />
difficulty. Only references are s<strong>to</strong>red that can f<strong>all</strong> <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> different regions since the birth. The<br />
relationship with parts <strong>of</strong> the body can be limited <strong>to</strong> certain (firm) regions in the brain, from<br />
humans <strong>to</strong> humans in the same way.<br />
The reference theory gets along with a finite like an infinite continuum. With an infinite continuum<br />
we move ourselves from zero point <strong>to</strong> zero point <strong>of</strong> an in each case infinite real interval.<br />
With a finite continuum not as many as desired intermediate points can be set, since one<br />
point represents an indivisible unit <strong>of</strong> the substance time.<br />
Referencetheoretic<strong>all</strong>y, liberty is given by causing by the free person (substance cause) contrary<br />
<strong>to</strong> the determinism (external cause). Decision alternatives are existent (substance<br />
{can}). The scaling as percental evaluation <strong>of</strong> the causes constitutes by the free person a<br />
preponderance over the predispositions as causes. Events by chance lack a cause and a<br />
goal, presuppose, however, alternatives.<br />
Positivistic<strong>all</strong>y, one <strong>of</strong> the alternatives does occur only, the substances cause and {can}, for<br />
which we do not have detec<strong>to</strong>rs, do not exist. Gener<strong>all</strong>y, we do not have detec<strong>to</strong>rs for references,<br />
only in individual cases by the senses. Mental substances can affect physical things<br />
by the cause. The implementing is made by the neurons and synapses. It is an open question<br />
whether references can be detected here.<br />
Referencetheoretical mappings are (directed) references <strong>of</strong> distinguished with the label A <strong>to</strong><br />
distinguished with the label B. Labels are referred <strong>to</strong> <strong>of</strong> a distinguished. Left-<strong>to</strong>tal and rightunique<br />
mappings are c<strong>all</strong>ed referencetheoretical functions. By inverse mappings the references<br />
are inverted. Example: By the function part the labels are c<strong>all</strong>ed entire for A and part<br />
(definition: A is part <strong>of</strong> B, if there is a C with B(A, C) = B or B(C, A) = B) for B. The part func-<br />
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tion can only be applied <strong>to</strong> references or compound substances. By true functions the labels<br />
are different.<br />
The fact that universals exist means that they have a reference <strong>to</strong> our world. Thus, existing<br />
does not have necessarily <strong>to</strong> be perceived by the senses. By reference, the universals can<br />
be inherent in at the same time (different) single things. Everything what is (also the individuals)<br />
can be sufficiently (reference theoretic<strong>all</strong>y) described by language, even if the description<br />
is extremely complex. Language consists <strong>of</strong> unique labels for references and substances.<br />
The most elementary term, i.e. which can be applied <strong>to</strong> everything, is that <strong>of</strong> the entity. The<br />
term more is defined as follows: A is more than B if the difference <strong>of</strong> the number function<br />
applied <strong>to</strong> A minus the number function applied <strong>to</strong> B is larger than 0. The term larger for a<br />
whole positive number <strong>of</strong> A <strong>to</strong> a whole positive number B is defined as: A is part (element) <strong>of</strong><br />
B if numbers are defined by Peano in the set notation: 0 consists <strong>of</strong> the empty set Ø, 1 is {Ø},<br />
2 is {Ø, {Ø}}, 3 is {Ø, {Ø}, {Ø, {Ø}}} and so on.<br />
All A in B is defined as there are no more A in B. Existence is a substance term. A collectivity<br />
is defined as <strong>all</strong> A in B that are <strong>to</strong> a C in reference, including this reference. Quantities are<br />
collectivities that contain distinct elements (parts) and can be element <strong>of</strong> a collectivity. An<br />
element is c<strong>all</strong>ed distinct if a sufficient difference can be given <strong>to</strong> every other element. Elements<br />
can be also equal: then there is a difference in the ordinal number.<br />
The reference theory opens up the possibility <strong>to</strong> us <strong>to</strong> imagine how the creatures are constituted<br />
in a subsequent world. It is enough for them <strong>to</strong> be able <strong>to</strong> establish references <strong>to</strong> <strong>all</strong><br />
existing substances and compounds. They do not need metabolism and no genes with the<br />
possible errors <strong>of</strong> the cell division. There are no diseases and achiness but the liberty <strong>to</strong><br />
choose the accessible in the context <strong>of</strong> then valid laws.<br />
Senses can be experienced directly (without sense organs) by reference. One needs no fix<br />
body in this sense, can, however, take by reference many shapes that simply can pass matter<br />
(like e.g. fix w<strong>all</strong>s). Also largest distances can be overcome by reference easily. Even in<br />
unfavourable environments life becomes possible. There are more substances and dimensions.<br />
Time travels become at least possible over appropriate simulations.<br />
It is proportionate and without contradiction <strong>to</strong> assume our world as finite, since in the infinite<br />
case it would last forever <strong>to</strong> form a finite substance. So there is especi<strong>all</strong>y a shortest time<br />
and shortest length, which could be in our world the Planck time and Planck length. Both are<br />
universal, since it is in the sense <strong>of</strong> L <strong>to</strong> reach zer as quickly as possible and no world is <strong>to</strong><br />
be preferred against another one.<br />
Exchanges<br />
All entities are moving with the same speed, which results from the quotient <strong>of</strong> shortest time<br />
and shortest length and could be in our world the velocity <strong>of</strong> light, based on the shortest exchange<br />
<strong>of</strong> a reference. Shortest exchanges enable the illusion <strong>of</strong> superluminal velocity, if<br />
they are applied <strong>to</strong> larger lengths, and <strong>of</strong> subluminal velocity by passing through longer<br />
routes.<br />
By shortest exchanges, L can lead each entity <strong>to</strong> believe in any possible world without that<br />
any other entity except zer realises something <strong>of</strong> this, since the factitious references after L<br />
are only accessible <strong>to</strong> this entity. Even parts <strong>of</strong> the general and special relativity theory can<br />
be overridden. If one wants <strong>to</strong> overcome large distances, one should use the shortest exchange,<br />
since it is most efficient.<br />
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An elementary exchanger can execute an exchange (appropriately), if it is put under a rule<br />
and by marking that <strong>to</strong> be exchanged correspondingly, e.g. by reference <strong>of</strong> corresponding<br />
(equal) identification substances. Then also an exchange across infinite distances is no problem.<br />
An infinite line <strong>of</strong> identical substances can be deformed <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> an infinite fork by pulling in<br />
the interior.<br />
This distinguishes the end points <strong>of</strong> the fork easily and makes them usable as operational<br />
<strong>to</strong>ol, for example, <strong>to</strong> instal identification substances at another equ<strong>all</strong>y long line by "sticking",<br />
after the line was, before the deformation <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> a fork, simultaneously provided with identification<br />
substances by "pulling up" and "sticking" reference operations at the equ<strong>all</strong>y long line <strong>of</strong><br />
identification substances.<br />
An infinite line can be formed, if the (equal) parts <strong>of</strong> a reference system in each case<br />
au<strong>to</strong>nomously line themselves up according <strong>to</strong> their left and right neighbour, if these three<br />
bring themselves <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> line. The rule required for this can be pulled up in each case as with<br />
the pulling up <strong>of</strong> the identification substances. The end points can easily be moved in finite<br />
time, infinite lines can be broken up the same way.<br />
In this way, every infinite line can be broken up in finite time <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> a finite number <strong>of</strong> sections.<br />
An infinite partition <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> finite sections <strong>of</strong> an infinite line presupposes an infinite number <strong>of</strong><br />
au<strong>to</strong>nomous sub-units. Au<strong>to</strong>nomy is always required if there cannot be executed infinitely<br />
many operations one after another because this would require infinite time and this simply is<br />
undesired.<br />
Although each entity <strong>of</strong> finite extension can be (in theory) infinitely <strong>of</strong>ten divided, a world that<br />
consists exclusively <strong>of</strong> such entities and in which this division is and will not be performed<br />
must be referred <strong>to</strong> as finite. Nevertheless, such entities overcome in each (complete) exchange<br />
(that presupposes the same extension) the (theoretical) infinity. All previous experiments<br />
prove this for our world.<br />
If the creatures divide substances according <strong>to</strong> the will <strong>of</strong> L, which always works, and L adds<br />
substances, these can be arbitrarily scaled and it follows the equivalence <strong>of</strong> <strong>all</strong> worlds. L will<br />
permit this only if the creatures know enough <strong>to</strong> carry out this responsibly. Thus, only relative<br />
shifts arise with the same absolute, without that further must come <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> the world, in the form<br />
<strong>of</strong> the many.<br />
Each exchange can be traced back <strong>to</strong> elementary exchangers. These are not material, since<br />
the exchange will work with any substances and this is neither necessary, nor was measured.<br />
Who robs a substance <strong>of</strong> its exchanger, sentences it <strong>to</strong> passivity. This can be useful,<br />
for example, in the pure space, but also do damage, if important or vital laws are quashed by<br />
this.<br />
The exchanger enables any movement and is thus substantial(ly required). All arbitrarydimensional<br />
spaces, times and substances can be linearised in one dimension. Therefore,<br />
basic<strong>all</strong>y only one exchanger is needed that exchanges in one dimension. More flexible are<br />
exchangers that exchange substances after rules, for example, with neighbouring substances.<br />
Then (mostly) a compara<strong>to</strong>r for the antecedent is required.<br />
The compara<strong>to</strong>r can directly work with substances or also with their equivalents, such as<br />
their coding or language description. It is also not material, but may be realised materi<strong>all</strong>y (cf.<br />
computer engineering). Only the understanding and access <strong>to</strong> the substances let an electronic<br />
computer draw level with the brain in this respect. The brain is not only more economic,<br />
but also substanti<strong>all</strong>y superior.<br />
Through the reduction <strong>of</strong> exchange on elementary exchangers, one does not need more than<br />
three spatial dimensions for our world. This requires additional reasons. Every component <strong>of</strong><br />
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matter must be connected with an exchanger <strong>to</strong> change the location, if it is not exchanged by<br />
a foreign exchanger. Exchanger must be able <strong>to</strong> be easily s<strong>to</strong>pped <strong>to</strong> be able <strong>to</strong> create arbitrary<br />
(sm<strong>all</strong>) velocities.<br />
The rules for (groups <strong>of</strong>) exchangers can be made centr<strong>all</strong>y available and define a law <strong>of</strong><br />
nature, since the exchangers can relate <strong>to</strong> them. In this way, the laws <strong>of</strong> nature can be implemented<br />
economic<strong>all</strong>y. In worlds where time only lapses (without other changes), the time<br />
lapse is also not perceived. So several time dimensions make sense and a general time can<br />
be valid for <strong>all</strong> worlds.<br />
Only the clocks should not measure the general time in a world, otherwise the question may<br />
arise why the time jumps, although nothing has happened in this world. Nevertheless, it<br />
would be interesting <strong>to</strong> have the general time at one's disposal <strong>to</strong> get an impression how the<br />
clock <strong>of</strong> L is, and <strong>to</strong> read the age <strong>of</strong> the universe. On the other hand, it is hardly conceivable<br />
that L wants <strong>to</strong> own something so simple at <strong>all</strong>.<br />
Elementary exchanges are always instantaneous, since a finite minimum duration else could<br />
no longer be undercut. Slower velocities result from a sequence <strong>of</strong> time lapse and elementary<br />
exchange. So if one wants <strong>to</strong> undercut a (useful) finite maximum speed, one must<br />
shorten the time lapse. A reduction <strong>to</strong> zero is not possible. For this there is the possibility <strong>of</strong><br />
the equivalent remote exchange.<br />
There is no sm<strong>all</strong>est possible unit, since such one could be divided (for instance) <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> two<br />
parts. Thus there is also no maximum speed and a moved one moves on the sm<strong>all</strong>est (actu<strong>all</strong>y)<br />
split distance instantaneously, after which can follow a sequence <strong>of</strong> time as it the <strong>to</strong>p<br />
speed <strong>of</strong> a world presets. Therewith, the instantaneous exchange is also proven for our<br />
world, without serious impact on its physical laws.<br />
The immaterial non-energy exchange is possible and makes sense, if it conforms <strong>to</strong> rules<br />
agreeable <strong>to</strong> L, and, because <strong>of</strong> the economy principle, more probable than the purely materi<strong>all</strong>y<br />
conveyed one, since it needs more than is necessary (or plausible). The amfon can be<br />
separated from material and immaterial substances. This does not always make sense, because<br />
they necessarily interact via it, both materi<strong>all</strong>y and immateri<strong>all</strong>y.<br />
Being as substance is extended, since it only can be continu<strong>all</strong>y imagined and no universe is<br />
timeless because <strong>of</strong> the development. The nothing would be if it were. It does not makes<br />
sense <strong>to</strong> say that it is not or somehow. What would lay between the adjacent being, would be<br />
nothing. This nothing is referred <strong>to</strong> as point, line, plane etc., although this is not correct, since<br />
the latter itself belongs <strong>to</strong> being and therefore extent.<br />
Therefore, it must be carefully distinguished between both referred <strong>to</strong>, for instance as nothing-entity<br />
that is formed by the adjacent, and as being-entity that exists out <strong>of</strong> itself. As beingentity,<br />
a substance belongs <strong>to</strong> extent in <strong>all</strong> (!) dimensions so that our world has arbitrarily<br />
many dimensions. The substance may therefore be imagined with minimal extension as<br />
sm<strong>all</strong> any-dimensional sphere.<br />
One cannot build a circle from units <strong>of</strong> space around nothing, so that a hole emerges. Exchanger<br />
can exchange a substance through the nothing by doing this with the equivalent <strong>of</strong><br />
space, which belongs <strong>to</strong> being, and the substance. In this manner, it is possible that, for example,<br />
light can spread in vacuum. An exchanger brings about the exchange substanti<strong>all</strong>y as<br />
substance by reference <strong>to</strong> that <strong>to</strong> be exchanged.<br />
The refinement <strong>of</strong> the exchangers <strong>all</strong>ows finer and finer exchanges. In certain discrete<br />
worlds, there are refinement limits that can only be undercut with the aid <strong>of</strong> L while ze exchanges<br />
the exchangers. While maintaining the proportionality <strong>of</strong> length and time, velocities<br />
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are no problem, if one makes everything sm<strong>all</strong>er and sm<strong>all</strong>er. Communication with L requires<br />
that information is exchanged instantaneously via remote references.<br />
By colliding two spatial substances with sufficient force, they can be broken down <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> finer<br />
and finer parts, since the cohesive forces must act from within and can be overcome if they<br />
act at <strong>all</strong>. The immaterial world is far more comprehensive than the material one, since matter<br />
obeys restricting laws, which are hindering on the immaterial level. It is the true realm <strong>of</strong><br />
L.<br />
At the beginning, the universe consisted only <strong>of</strong> (pairwise) different substances whose number<br />
corresponded <strong>to</strong> a natural number. The first and only exchanger generated by division,<br />
as a form <strong>of</strong> exchange, more ones, and so more substances could be divided. This created<br />
time and space, which were present in each case as infinite-dimensional undivided substance<br />
unit from the beginning - as is also true for <strong>all</strong> other substances.<br />
The entire universe consists exclusively <strong>of</strong> substances, the many yet not only from uniform<br />
unspecific substantial units, but from multiply existing substances <strong>to</strong> form on<strong>to</strong>logic<strong>all</strong>y correctly<br />
(individual) wholes. The evolution <strong>of</strong> the universe is a temporal layering <strong>of</strong> the (duplicated)<br />
expanding space, with removing the dispensable and completing the necessary substances.<br />
Here the many flows from the potential <strong>of</strong> L. This represents as useful recording no disproportionate<br />
effort, since L can draw on unlimited resources and use the past many newly at<br />
reasonable intervals. General time prevails, the perception <strong>of</strong> the creatures, however, is individual<br />
(time). The creatures can change the rules according <strong>to</strong> the divine order, which L has<br />
determined at zis discretion.<br />
L has <strong>to</strong> vindicate zerself before any living entity, if this wishes this. Every living entity has the<br />
right <strong>to</strong> participate in the shaping <strong>of</strong> the divine order. The highest decisions remain reserved<br />
<strong>to</strong> L, since there is no living entity that makes better decisions, or knows more than L resp.<br />
reaches the ultimate superiority <strong>of</strong> zer. This is due <strong>to</strong> the more comprehensive size <strong>of</strong> the Lworld,<br />
which is partly only accessible for L.<br />
Each many consists <strong>of</strong> an infinite number <strong>of</strong> subunits, which can be imagined as anydimensional<br />
spheres that contain again any-dimensional subunits <strong>of</strong> princip<strong>all</strong>y the same<br />
construction. What we hold, as with the time, for such a dimension is, in fact, also anydimensional,<br />
only that the other dimensions, except the main dimension, are vanishingly<br />
sm<strong>all</strong> and first noticeable with the corresponding division.<br />
The substantial scaling means a more or less <strong>of</strong> the many <strong>of</strong> the corresponding substance or<br />
<strong>of</strong> several ones. The latter is the case with sounds and noises, the former with the mass.<br />
Hence the many is scaled, while the substance referred <strong>to</strong> it determines the manifestation <strong>of</strong><br />
the scaling. The perception includes an individual scaling, according <strong>to</strong> the individual requirements<br />
<strong>of</strong> a living entity <strong>to</strong> increase pr<strong>of</strong>itably the diversity.<br />
Our universe is a perpetuum mobile and an open system, in which information continuously<br />
increases. Everything is possible in it that pleases L, but not everything that does not please<br />
zer. The elementary exchanger is an auxiliary concept, since in reality nothing is exchanged,<br />
but everything emerges newly resp. flows from the potential <strong>of</strong> L. This model is, because <strong>of</strong><br />
its s<strong>to</strong>rage function, superior <strong>to</strong> one with persevering substances.<br />
We need not be afraid <strong>of</strong> the heat death, since new perspectives will open up <strong>to</strong> life in the<br />
course <strong>of</strong> its development that the previous theories have not taken <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> account. Life is neither<br />
dependent on matter nor on the laws <strong>of</strong> previous physics. In our universe and the subsequent<br />
worlds, everything is there what a happy and fulfilling life needs. It needs only <strong>to</strong><br />
bethink <strong>of</strong> L in order that this will become clear <strong>to</strong> it.<br />
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© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 82 <strong>of</strong> 154
Interview Philosophy<br />
Question: What is so fascinating by philosophy?<br />
Answer: In philosophy one can give rein <strong>to</strong> one's thoughts, if one does not let it be missing at<br />
the necessary precision. There is much new <strong>to</strong> discover. If one considers how actual philosophy<br />
is, it is almost a ch<strong>all</strong>enge. I was always bothered by the little accurate and abstract<br />
thinking <strong>of</strong> the philosophising and developed therefore my own philosophy. Particularly fascinated<br />
me the reference theory, with whose aid I was able <strong>to</strong> develop and understand a finite<br />
continuum and <strong>to</strong> conceive which form e.g. a point has. I thought more than 25 years about<br />
this problem and came fin<strong>all</strong>y <strong>to</strong> a satisfying solution and in addition, <strong>to</strong> a revolutionary one.<br />
Causes are freely assignable and independent <strong>of</strong> time. Furthermore, I could clarify that there<br />
are more abstract thoughts as those <strong>of</strong> the language and its grammar. I consider whether<br />
one should change the present language forms, due <strong>to</strong> the won realisations. Philosophy can<br />
make lucky if one has the feeling <strong>to</strong> have re<strong>all</strong>y created something meaningful with the own<br />
thoughts. There are natur<strong>all</strong>y the connections <strong>to</strong> religion, linguistics and mathematics, which<br />
one cannot ignore.<br />
Question: What is <strong>your</strong> most important philosophical achievement?<br />
Answer: In selection is <strong>to</strong> be c<strong>all</strong>ed: The reference theory is located clearly in the centre. It<br />
solves the problem <strong>of</strong> universals. The aporias <strong>of</strong> Zenon are dissolved likewise with the finite<br />
continuum. I came with the reference theory <strong>to</strong> limits <strong>of</strong> thinking and the abstractness. I could<br />
clarify the question <strong>of</strong> the certainty <strong>of</strong> statements. This radiates on nominalism and realism.<br />
One can accuse me that the results have linguistic deficits. But hereon it never depended <strong>to</strong><br />
me. The ideas are always located in the centre. The linguistic form is, in contrast <strong>to</strong> this, unimportant.<br />
It does not depend on <strong>to</strong> me <strong>to</strong> write scientific<strong>all</strong>y. I feel the scientific language<br />
rather as complicated and addlebrained, not <strong>to</strong> say overblown and poor. What can be said,<br />
can be said, following Wittgenstein, clearly and simply. Also quotations are not my matter.<br />
They disturb the train <strong>of</strong> reading and who has re<strong>all</strong>y <strong>to</strong> say something new, does not need<br />
them.<br />
Question: What do you advise the philosophising?<br />
Answer: The own thoughts are the most important. To develop the existing is a philosophic<strong>all</strong>y<br />
sm<strong>all</strong>er achievement. One must be critical opposite oneself in the matter till one <strong>to</strong>pples<br />
down. Only then, one can <strong>all</strong>ow oneself liberties. I do not <strong>see</strong> it gladly if someone makes<br />
oneself important with notes and expanded discussions. I <strong>see</strong> it gladly if someone possesses<br />
genuine grandeur and this means also if someone accepts one's errors and corrects without<br />
hesitating. Genuine grandeur means in particular <strong>to</strong> doubt <strong>all</strong> existing and <strong>to</strong> be independent<br />
in one's judgement, not <strong>to</strong> get lost in something sm<strong>all</strong> and <strong>to</strong> identify babblers and <strong>to</strong> brand<br />
them as such.<br />
Question: What is the biggest mistake <strong>of</strong> philosophy?<br />
Answer: Not <strong>to</strong> put the question <strong>of</strong> meaning <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> the centre <strong>of</strong> its considerations. It is less<br />
important <strong>to</strong> force absolute certainty <strong>of</strong> philosophical answers than <strong>to</strong> get meaningful answers<br />
<strong>to</strong> the most important philosophical problems. There are far <strong>to</strong>o <strong>of</strong>ten academic issues<br />
at the centre whose utility for humanity is low.<br />
Question: What is the most important philosophical problem?<br />
Answer: The main problem lies in the question: "What is the way for the best possible development<br />
<strong>of</strong> the world?" The answers <strong>to</strong> this must describe the ethical, political, religious, sociological,<br />
economic and cultural steps, before they are scientific<strong>all</strong>y founded. There is no<br />
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time <strong>to</strong> lose. All other issues are subordinate, although may support the primary one. As first<br />
answer can be given that best possible development is the solution <strong>to</strong> our problems. Even if<br />
the best way is not found, the effort for it can already be a very good result. The virtue doctrine<br />
<strong>of</strong> the religion <strong>of</strong> love provides the key answers <strong>to</strong> ethics, politics points out the most<br />
important political steps, the other steps follow later; in part they can be found below the first<br />
two fields, or spread over my homepages.<br />
Question: Does philosophy stand above theology, or vice versa?<br />
Answer: The philosophy must ungrudgingly acknowledge that science using the possibilities<br />
<strong>of</strong> and the cognitions through L stands above it. The divine knowledge and the relationship <strong>to</strong><br />
L can be surpassed by nothing. The human reason, alone on its own, is not enough <strong>to</strong> understand<br />
the world, even less <strong>to</strong> divine the divine order. Highest science depends on divine<br />
revelation, guidance and assistance. Only then greatest (scientific) efficiency can be<br />
reached.<br />
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Problem Solutions<br />
How are important philosophical problems solved? What achieves the reference theory<br />
here?<br />
1. The mind-body, qualia, determinism and causality problem<br />
Mind is gener<strong>all</strong>y the process, initiated by an entity, <strong>of</strong> linking immaterial substances and references.<br />
In particular, it comprises only the more complex links. He is distinguished from its<br />
effects. The soul comprises the mind and the results <strong>of</strong> the mental processes <strong>of</strong> an entity. It<br />
outlives death. The body <strong>of</strong> a living entity is the entirety <strong>of</strong> the material substances, referred<br />
<strong>to</strong> each other, <strong>of</strong> that living entity.<br />
Mind and body are referred <strong>to</strong> each other. Certain material movements correspond <strong>to</strong> mental<br />
movements and vice versa. The mental and material substances can interact by each binding<br />
themselves by reference <strong>to</strong> the third substance amfon. Although mental movements are<br />
thinkable without material ones, they are at least implausible for creatures known <strong>to</strong> us.<br />
Consciousness is the part <strong>of</strong> the mind that a living entity can directly access at a particular<br />
point in time by reference. Subconsciousness comprises the sub-processes <strong>of</strong> the mind that<br />
are beyond the direct access <strong>of</strong> the living entity. The contents <strong>of</strong> consciousness are generated<br />
by the deterministic circle and experienced as qualia.<br />
The deterministic circle consists <strong>of</strong> a change between deterministic determination according<br />
<strong>to</strong> the divine order and indeterministic phases, in which the creature can determine itself.<br />
Determinism orients itself by karma, situation, personality fac<strong>to</strong>rs, life plan, and other fac<strong>to</strong>rs<br />
provided according <strong>to</strong> the divine order, and thus are just and make sense. The deterministic<br />
circle is necessary in order <strong>to</strong> avoid undesirable and <strong>to</strong> enable desirable as freedom.<br />
In order that indeterminism becomes possible, the basic processes must be indeterministic. If<br />
the substance cause is referred with a composite <strong>to</strong> a composite, there is causality, but not<br />
otherwise. Uncaused, for instance, is the divine potential <strong>of</strong> L. There is (true) randomness<br />
only within the limits set by L, so that nothing uncontrollable happens or even great harm<br />
emerges. In our world everything is provided with certain probabilities, determined by the<br />
divine order, just as our possible decision alternatives have probabilities, with which we can<br />
decide for or against them.<br />
2. Presuppositions <strong>of</strong> the problem-solving process<br />
It is crucial in life <strong>to</strong> select the problems properly that we want <strong>to</strong> solve. If a problem arises,<br />
we should first wonder whether we have <strong>to</strong> solve it at <strong>all</strong>. Therefore, we must be able <strong>to</strong> assess<br />
and <strong>to</strong> judge the problem properly. Life itself is the problem we have <strong>to</strong> face every day.<br />
There is an ongoing problem-solving process, with different degrees <strong>of</strong> difficulty, <strong>to</strong> be coped<br />
with.<br />
If we want <strong>to</strong> solve a problem, we must analyse it so thoroughly that we can obtain its solution,<br />
if there is any. It is important <strong>to</strong> figure out quickly whether the latter is the case, because<br />
if not, the problem must be solved differently. This other solution always exists, as long as<br />
the universe exists. This is always the case, since substances cannot be destroyed, according<br />
<strong>to</strong> the reference theory.<br />
For, everything consists <strong>of</strong> substances, and what can be removed is the suchness, but not<br />
the being, thus the permanent existence <strong>of</strong> that which has being. The latter can be transferred<br />
<strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> other worlds, but not outside <strong>of</strong> the universe. This is, with the love <strong>of</strong> L <strong>to</strong> <strong>all</strong> living<br />
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eings, the reason for their eternal life. Even if the solution <strong>of</strong> a problem consists in our<br />
death, L always has ready a solution acceptable <strong>to</strong> us.<br />
All life is geared <strong>to</strong> development and has L as highest and ultimate goal. The problems end<br />
just as little as their solutions. Therefore, it is imperative <strong>to</strong> solve the proper and important<br />
problems, if we want a happy and fulfilling life for as many as possible, and an L-worthy<br />
status <strong>of</strong> the world. Unfortunately, far <strong>to</strong>o many creatures choose <strong>to</strong> solve the wrong and irrelevant<br />
problems.<br />
This leads <strong>to</strong> the unworthy status <strong>of</strong> unnecessary misery and suffering in the world. The<br />
world is admittedly equitable from L, but ze and we would certainly prefer if the unworthy<br />
status would be removed. The freedom <strong>of</strong> the creatures freely <strong>to</strong> choose between good and<br />
evil and <strong>to</strong> be free <strong>to</strong> decide for or against L puts the fate in our hands. We cannot expect L<br />
<strong>to</strong> constrain us <strong>to</strong> our happiness, because this is not possible.<br />
The constraint entails suffering from it and from the unfreedom. Freedom is essential precondition<br />
for fulfilment and happiness. By the deterministic circle and various other security<br />
mechanisms such as the conscience, the freedom is, however, also not overestimated. Not<br />
everything is possible for us, and that is possible what we unfortunately have <strong>to</strong> experience,<br />
speaks volumes about our failure. We have continu<strong>all</strong>y <strong>to</strong> refine ourselves.<br />
We should not wait until the problems approach us, but wonder which are the most important<br />
ones, and approach them first. In a well working relationship with L, this succeeds best, since<br />
the divine <strong>all</strong>ows for the right view on the world and the own life. Only if we learned <strong>to</strong> get rid<br />
<strong>of</strong> the delusions our world <strong>of</strong>fers, we can recognise that what re<strong>all</strong>y matters.<br />
Who knows why something is the way it is, because ze got <strong>to</strong> know this from the highest<br />
level, or reconstructed it, can much easier solve the pending problems than the one who assumes<br />
the wrong presuppositions. It is the change <strong>of</strong> communication with L and <strong>of</strong> refining<br />
oneself, which brings about the true success. The wrong ways are quickly identified as such,<br />
even if this requires being hard against oneself.<br />
Success requires effort, since effortless endeavour makes in the long run discontent because<br />
it represents an unjustified reward, which produces unhealthy expectations. Only by the probation<br />
in the ups and downs <strong>of</strong> life happiness and fulfilment arise. The standards <strong>to</strong> oneself<br />
are <strong>to</strong> be applied sufficiently high, since otherwise the necessary for the success is missed. L<br />
helps willingly, but ze does not prefer unjustifiably.<br />
Ze does also not discriminate against, but the (karma-) balance must be right. Then the most<br />
works as per se, because the right balance is established. Who demands <strong>to</strong>o much <strong>of</strong> oneself<br />
will fail as well as with demanding <strong>to</strong>o little. It is important <strong>to</strong> build up the structural<br />
knowledge that gives sufficient problem-solving competence. For this purpose, one should<br />
neither think <strong>to</strong>o sm<strong>all</strong> nor <strong>to</strong>o big. The right measure determines our life in every area.<br />
Since every life is individual, also individual solutions are <strong>to</strong> be found for its problems, even if<br />
many <strong>of</strong> them may be generalisable. We thus do not get around the own performance, how<br />
<strong>of</strong>ten we may be helped as well. Since it is inappropriate <strong>to</strong> bother L and others with something<br />
that we can solve (possibly much better), we should attach great importance <strong>to</strong> our<br />
au<strong>to</strong>nomy. It also increases our contentment.<br />
In building up the structural(ly opening up) knowledge, it is important <strong>to</strong> practise sufficient<br />
hygiene <strong>of</strong> knowledge <strong>to</strong> maintain a high efficiency. Who every time has <strong>to</strong> clear the way<br />
through mountains <strong>of</strong> junk knowledge comes correspondingly slowly <strong>to</strong> useful results. Therefore,<br />
the philosophical effort cannot be spared <strong>to</strong> link with the (chief) terms precise and powerful<br />
definitions.<br />
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It is advisable <strong>to</strong> remain flexible enough <strong>to</strong> be able <strong>to</strong> integrate usefully new and better results.<br />
In this way, one can spare many inefficient creativity techniques, since continual rethinking<br />
leads best <strong>to</strong> the goal. The spadework may admittedly <strong>see</strong>m sophisticated. But if<br />
one does not perform it, the quality <strong>of</strong> the results suffers significantly. Ultimately, successful<br />
problem-solving is a permanent rating <strong>of</strong> the relevant information.<br />
Freedom from value judgment therefore goes along with a devalorisation <strong>of</strong> values, and thus<br />
<strong>of</strong> the results. It is the reason that a lot <strong>of</strong> worthless knowledge is produced. It is admittedly<br />
true that a sufficient diversity is necessary, but not at any price. Who neglects the values,<br />
becomes guilty <strong>of</strong> the losers <strong>of</strong> this approach, and thus collects a lot <strong>of</strong> bad karma. One does<br />
not do oneself a service <strong>to</strong> proceed this way.<br />
The values control the substantial binding. This provides for the binding <strong>of</strong> sm<strong>all</strong> different<br />
substances <strong>to</strong> the most important information packets. So it is sufficient, if a specific substance<br />
is transported in the brain, instead <strong>of</strong> a specific information packet. The substance<br />
can then be easily converted at the processing instances, according <strong>to</strong> the rules, <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> audi<strong>to</strong>ry,<br />
visual and other signals and information units.<br />
The outsourcing <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> specialised (and networked) processing units may bring, simulating this,<br />
significant progress <strong>to</strong> computer technology, especi<strong>all</strong>y if these have fast (par<strong>all</strong>el) accessible<br />
solving-value tables available, which summarise several computational steps <strong>to</strong> one. The<br />
distributed computing can help us much, especi<strong>all</strong>y if the space <strong>of</strong> conception is widely<br />
mapped <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> computers.<br />
The substantial binding is individual and can be influenced by training. It explains why, for<br />
example, some humans have an excellent memory for numbers, and others have not. By<br />
dealing with certain things, man builds up corresponding individual structures in the brain that<br />
are specialised for zer. The quality <strong>of</strong> these structures determines zis individual problemsolving<br />
competence.<br />
Admittedly, certain intelligence is helpful and necessary. Much more decisive is, however,<br />
with what one deals, how and for what purpose. Ultimately, it is tenacity, endurance and rigour<br />
against oneself that determine how successful one is. The concordance with L is the decisive<br />
criterion <strong>to</strong> be on the right side. Not perfectness and perfection are decisive, but the<br />
appropriate approach.<br />
One must know zis limits in order <strong>to</strong> be able <strong>to</strong> transcend them appropriately. It is admittedly<br />
right <strong>to</strong> drop also less important (<strong>of</strong> oneself), but one does not get around the essential<br />
things. This means also <strong>to</strong> reach a sufficient width and depth <strong>of</strong> knowledge. Why one should<br />
miss unnecessarily the most beautiful moments and things <strong>of</strong> life? Here, one should not be<br />
afraid <strong>to</strong> set up one's own rating.<br />
The judgment and the criticism <strong>of</strong> others are admittedly important, but one is held liable before<br />
L for one's own rating. Even L will abstain opposite <strong>to</strong> one with zis view <strong>of</strong> things, since<br />
zer knowledge is absolute and far ahead <strong>of</strong> our time. Ze is therefore shy with respect <strong>to</strong> us,<br />
since ze wants <strong>to</strong> avoid an unjustified preference or disadvantage. Everyone should be<br />
aware <strong>of</strong> zis own f<strong>all</strong>ibility. It is intended by L.<br />
But it is also inevitable if there sh<strong>all</strong> be development and progress. One can admittedly secure<br />
zis solution according <strong>to</strong> the various (scientific) criteria, but there is no absolute security.<br />
The presuppositions <strong>of</strong> knowledge are world-specific and different in other worlds, including<br />
in subsequent worlds, for many things. What may have here a high value must have it there<br />
nowhere near, except for L.<br />
L solved any problem that can occur in our world in advance. Therefore, our performance is<br />
always only a rediscovery, so great and relevant it also may be for us. We should always be<br />
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aware <strong>of</strong> this <strong>to</strong> view the things properly. The L-worthy status is important; the solution <strong>of</strong><br />
(complicated) problems is less. Both are admittedly mutu<strong>all</strong>y dependent partly, but it depends<br />
on the right priority.<br />
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Knowledge Representation<br />
How knowledge is optim<strong>all</strong>y developed and filtered? How is it optim<strong>all</strong>y represented?<br />
Knowledge consists <strong>of</strong> things and their relations among themselves. Mathematic<strong>all</strong>y, it can<br />
be represented by elements and relations. If a thing is not further "reducible" after an abstraction<br />
process, let it be about a substance. The decomposition in substances is not unique.<br />
Result <strong>of</strong> decomposition can e.g. be the one and the indivisible. It should be worked therefore<br />
with scientific<strong>all</strong>y examined standards. These can follow existing languages.<br />
Fundamental things are conceived as conditions - mathematic<strong>all</strong>y as axioms. Used definitions<br />
are <strong>to</strong> be explicated - mathematic<strong>all</strong>y as definitions. Statements - which are with sufficient<br />
depth mathematical sentences - can summarised be made in such a way. The statements<br />
are provided according <strong>to</strong> rules. The rules are likewise conditions. Mathematic<strong>all</strong>y is<br />
proven by sentences according <strong>to</strong> (pro<strong>of</strong>) rules.<br />
While presuppositions should be always true, statements can be also wrong or <strong>to</strong> a certain<br />
percentage true - mathematic<strong>all</strong>y probability. Gener<strong>all</strong>y, numbers from an interval (e.g. the<br />
substance temperature or the day) can be assigned <strong>to</strong> things. One c<strong>all</strong>s this scaling. Also the<br />
assignment <strong>of</strong> vec<strong>to</strong>r spaces is meaningful (particularly with substances like e.g. space or<br />
colour).<br />
The scaling does not have <strong>to</strong> be made by real intervals in order <strong>to</strong> create a continuum. There<br />
are also finite continuums. These do not have a "gap" between two (number) points. Points<br />
are indivisible thereby and have an undifferentiated expansion. Our entire world is fin<strong>all</strong>y presentable.<br />
This is not provable since we can think nor measure the infinity. Also as axiom<br />
must apply that the world splits at each time <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> further ones after the laws (<strong>of</strong> nature).<br />
The presuppositions and statements should be selected in such a way that they are as general<br />
and comprehensive as possible, so that there are as few ones as possible and the<br />
knowledge remains manageable. Probability <strong>of</strong> the truth should be indicated as far as possible<br />
as a function <strong>of</strong> the main unit. Possibly it is <strong>to</strong> be estimated. As projection we receive the<br />
usual statements. Also hypotheses can be selected as presuppositions (possibly probability<br />
50%).<br />
Relations can be requested by a (relational and/or object-oriented) data base. This can be<br />
done fast if suitable indices exist (if necessary, as binary trees, as represented in "informatics").<br />
Central and large data bases can receive inquiries after individual pr<strong>of</strong>iles. For the<br />
marking out <strong>of</strong> the data, suitable on<strong>to</strong>logys can be used in order <strong>to</strong> implement methods like<br />
e.g. inheritance.<br />
How is knowledge s<strong>to</strong>red?<br />
There is a par<strong>all</strong>el increase and decrease <strong>of</strong> information through births and entering <strong>of</strong> new<br />
substances and through death and elimination <strong>of</strong> substances (e.g. diseases, extinction <strong>of</strong><br />
species) in our world. The latter is thus an open system. Each brain builds up an individual<br />
reference system (<strong>to</strong> substances), which can exist independently <strong>of</strong> matter: matter does not<br />
suffice at <strong>all</strong> <strong>to</strong> describe it completely. The part <strong>of</strong> the brain, accessible <strong>to</strong> us, is the functional<br />
one: What must be materi<strong>all</strong>y given so that the brain can work?<br />
The individuality <strong>of</strong> the reference system consists in the selection and quality <strong>of</strong> the substances<br />
and references. So the substance goal is e.g. for the one the over<strong>all</strong> goal <strong>of</strong> life, for<br />
the other the highest individual happiness. The reference system is also languagedependent.<br />
While a computer, up <strong>to</strong> now, knows only rules <strong>to</strong> denominate substances, man<br />
has direct access <strong>to</strong> substances. It makes no sense <strong>to</strong> tie certain molecule forms <strong>to</strong> certain<br />
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substances since substances have an own life (for example, in the form substance P is always<br />
goal).<br />
The real awareness is not encoded materi<strong>all</strong>y, although the brain regions are involved. Not<br />
the sensual connotations, but the references and substances are crucial. The soul cannot be<br />
destroyed materi<strong>all</strong>y because it is immaterial (references and substances). It cannot be located<br />
materi<strong>all</strong>y. Since the potential activities <strong>of</strong> the mind are illimitable, but the awareness is<br />
finite, the determinism is needed. The extensive orientation by the basic needs is indeed<br />
possible, but inadequate since man wants <strong>to</strong> be satisfied ment<strong>all</strong>y and emotion<strong>all</strong>y.<br />
Since man cannot determine himself due <strong>to</strong> zis insufficient skills, only L or the divine instance<br />
are qualified for this. This is not a makeweight function, but crucial for the whole issue: Everyone<br />
is experiencing the meaningful <strong>to</strong> zer. However, it is a mutual process in that the person<br />
has a decisive part: Ze determines by zer behaviour how L or the divine instance can<br />
accommodate zer. Every creature and also the divine instances orientate themselves upwards.<br />
Only L at the <strong>to</strong>p has <strong>all</strong> liberties, which also make a successful life possible <strong>to</strong> zer.<br />
How is knowledge <strong>to</strong> represent?<br />
It is important, first <strong>to</strong> figure out what knowledge is important at <strong>all</strong>, and one gets <strong>to</strong> know this<br />
best in a relationship with L. Presupposition is that one views the world right and positions<br />
oneself properly in it. Who attaches importance <strong>to</strong> <strong>to</strong>o many things that have none will fail in<br />
this world more or less. Then is <strong>to</strong> consider what contribution oneself can make <strong>to</strong> knowledge<br />
representation. It depends on talent.<br />
Knowledge representation presupposes always assessments on the status <strong>of</strong> knowledge.<br />
Here should the own self should be as possible excluded and priority given <strong>to</strong> the things<br />
themselves and the importance they have for others. If one has collected knowledge according<br />
<strong>to</strong> priority, it is <strong>to</strong> edit and represent according <strong>to</strong> its relevance. The most important content<br />
belongs at the beginning, the least important at the end <strong>of</strong> the whole.<br />
Knowledge is <strong>to</strong> represent adapted <strong>to</strong> the target group. It is therefore necessary <strong>to</strong> be exactly<br />
clear about this. The higher the level <strong>of</strong> the target group, the shorter one can make it, and<br />
vice versa. The increasing intelligence <strong>of</strong> the population makes it possible <strong>to</strong> focus more and<br />
more on the actual message. An appropriate comment can take over a clarifying representation<br />
for the less intelligent.<br />
Who works at the highest level, may also represent at the highest level. However, this must<br />
be based on a realistic and verifiable assessment. The highest level is most condensed and<br />
<strong>of</strong> the highest expressiveness and universality. This will be only achieved from a very good<br />
relationship with L. Many quotations and examples cannot be found here, but an original representation,<br />
which reflects the greatly the divinity <strong>of</strong> L.<br />
Who works at a lower level should also try <strong>to</strong> acquit zerself as well as it goes. It is not about<br />
creating the greatest possible extent, but as much quality as possible. Recipients take with<br />
good reason <strong>of</strong>fence when they are crushed with mass, which is <strong>of</strong> low quality. A unobjectionable<br />
line <strong>of</strong> argument should be a matter <strong>of</strong> course. One can contribute <strong>all</strong> the qualities<br />
from the relationship with L.<br />
A critical self view avoids making unnecessary mistakes. Before publishing, the representation<br />
should be carefully counter-checked and corrected, if necessary. The means <strong>of</strong> an attractive<br />
and education<strong>all</strong>y well constructed representation should be used. A timeless representation<br />
is preferable <strong>to</strong> a fashion-specific one, if the effect should persist for a longer period,<br />
or a frequent adjustment is <strong>to</strong> be avoided.<br />
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The more important a representation is, the larger and more carefully the circle is <strong>to</strong> choose<br />
who should be entrusted with the publication. Only a good translation preserves the quality, if<br />
it should be necessary. All parties involved must be well coordinated, possibly by a qualifiedly<br />
controlled project. Who has not <strong>to</strong> live from zis publication, will also demand no price. If<br />
ze does it anyway, it is <strong>to</strong> make as low as possible.<br />
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Physics<br />
Below oscillations, as result <strong>of</strong> Jugend forscht 1983, an approximate formula, derived by differentiation,<br />
for the periodic time <strong>of</strong> selected oscillations <strong>of</strong> a mass point in the plane is deduced,<br />
which avoids the exact but cumbersome integration. The periodic time for the<br />
mathematical pendulum is experiment<strong>all</strong>y checked. For the universe, the cube and the<br />
sphere model isomorphic <strong>to</strong> it are presented.<br />
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Oscillations<br />
Youth researches 1983<br />
Subject area physics<br />
A novel method for the determination <strong>of</strong> the periodic time <strong>of</strong> the mathematical pendulum with<br />
large amplitudes and the discussion for the applicability on other selected oscillations <strong>of</strong> the<br />
plane<br />
Compiled by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> (18),<br />
Theodor-Heuss-Gymnasium in Göttingen<br />
Abstract <strong>of</strong> the present paper<br />
The oscillation period <strong>of</strong> mass points on curved oscillation ways in the vertical plane - like<br />
e.g. the mathematical pendulum and the cycloid pendulum -, is <strong>to</strong> be computed in the present<br />
paper in a simpler way than so far.<br />
Most <strong>of</strong> these oscillation periods are - if the mass point on the oscillation way is far from the<br />
rest position, whose lowest point - dependent on this distance, which makes the computation<br />
more difficult gener<strong>all</strong>y.<br />
In order <strong>to</strong> be able <strong>to</strong> compute an <strong>of</strong> this distance, the amplitude, independent periodic time,<br />
one must know except the mass only the direction parameter, the quotient from repelling<br />
force and corresponding amplitude respectively direction way.<br />
This knowledge is extended and applied in this paper <strong>to</strong> the oscillation period dependent on<br />
its amplitude.<br />
Here parti<strong>all</strong>y differences result <strong>to</strong> the conventional methods - by the example <strong>of</strong> the mathematical<br />
pendulum up <strong>to</strong> at the most one per cent with 90° <strong>of</strong> amplitude - partly do not as by<br />
the example <strong>of</strong> the cycloid pendulum however. To the likewise treated ellipse pendulum no<br />
literature data could be found.<br />
In the experimental part the calculated periodic time for the mathematical pendulum in consideration<br />
<strong>of</strong> the sources <strong>of</strong> error and the measuring accuracy could be confirmed.<br />
The author comes <strong>to</strong> the conclusion that the independently developed procedure could by <strong>all</strong><br />
means be used in physics.<br />
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Table <strong>of</strong> contents<br />
1.<br />
1.1.<br />
1.2.<br />
2.<br />
2.1.<br />
2.1.1.<br />
2.1.2.<br />
2.1.3.<br />
2.1.4.<br />
2.2.<br />
2.2.1.<br />
2.2.2.<br />
2.3.<br />
2.4.<br />
3.<br />
3.1.<br />
4.<br />
Introduction<br />
Reason and Basic Idea<br />
Presuppositions<br />
Main Part<br />
Theoretical Solution <strong>of</strong> the Problem<br />
General Solution<br />
The Mathematical Pendulum<br />
The Cycloid Pendulum<br />
The Ellipse Pendulum<br />
Experiment <strong>to</strong> the Mathematical Pendulum<br />
Experimental Setup<br />
Test Procedure and Results<br />
Calculations <strong>of</strong> Errors<br />
Discussion<br />
Conclusion<br />
Critical Appreciation <strong>of</strong> the Paper<br />
Appendix<br />
- Figures<br />
- Auxiliary Calculations<br />
- Test devices<br />
- Tables<br />
5. Bibliography<br />
1. Introduction<br />
1.1. Reason and Basic Idea<br />
The periodic time <strong>of</strong> the mathematical pendulum with large amplitudes was determined so far<br />
by quite difficult procedures <strong>of</strong> the infinitesimal analysis and series expansion. The in the<br />
present paper developed new procedure for the determination <strong>of</strong> the periodic time for selected<br />
oscillations <strong>of</strong> the plane is <strong>to</strong> simplify the calculation method on the one hand, in addition<br />
be compared regarding his accuracy by two examples with the old procedure.<br />
Basic idea is the simultaneous simulation <strong>of</strong> the respective pendulum oscillation by a<br />
straight-lined harmonic oscillation (spring pendulum, oscilla<strong>to</strong>r).<br />
1.2. Presuppositions<br />
All selected oscillations emanate from a mass point, which is <strong>to</strong> swing in the vertical plane at<br />
a thread without mass around a fix point. The pendulum thread may be pulled <strong>to</strong> the side<br />
here - <strong>see</strong>n from the rest position - at the most by 90°, since the maxim<strong>all</strong>y repelling force<br />
must lie in the initial height, in which no additional acceleration is <strong>to</strong> arise.<br />
In order <strong>to</strong> prevent a free f<strong>all</strong>, otherwise bars would have <strong>to</strong> be used instead <strong>of</strong> threads,<br />
which could however not (as necessary) be huddled against evolutes <strong>of</strong> the oscillation ways.<br />
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Despite the huddling against for simplification the length <strong>of</strong> the pendulum in rest position is<br />
assumed.<br />
The radius <strong>of</strong> curvature <strong>of</strong> the oscillation way must remain either constant from the rest position<br />
or be continuously reduced, so that a free f<strong>all</strong> is likewise prevented.<br />
Friction and damping aspects are <strong>to</strong> be neglected.<br />
Otherwise further computations are necessary for the periodic time, which would go however<br />
beyond the scope <strong>of</strong> this paper.<br />
2. Main Part<br />
2.1. Theoretical Solution <strong>of</strong> the Problem<br />
2.1.1. General Solution<br />
The periodic time <strong>of</strong> a harmonic oscillation is given by:<br />
m<br />
(a)T �2 � . D<br />
After the principle <strong>of</strong> conservation <strong>of</strong> energy holds:<br />
(b) ½ m v 2 = ½ D s 2 = m g h.<br />
During an oscillation form the potential energy Wpot and the kinetic energy Wkin the constant<br />
sum:<br />
(c) Wpot + Wkin = Wpot 0 .<br />
Wpot 0 is <strong>to</strong> be expressed now by the tension energy Wten, in order <strong>to</strong> determine a direction<br />
parameter D(�0), dependent on the amplitude. D(�0) is <strong>to</strong> be inserted then <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> the formula<br />
(a) for the determination <strong>of</strong> the periodic time.<br />
In addition an ersatz movement <strong>of</strong> the mass m is necessary by force F on the direction way<br />
s. It applies:<br />
(d) D = F/s (Hooke's law) and<br />
(e)F �ma �ml � �New<strong>to</strong>n �.<br />
In the further one always harks back <strong>to</strong> the direction parameter D <strong>of</strong> the plane thread pendulum<br />
with minimum amplitude. Here applies <strong>to</strong> the repelling and <strong>to</strong> the oscillation way tangential<br />
force FR, since the normal force is compensated by the tension force <strong>of</strong> the thread (1, 2):<br />
(f)FR �mgsin � �� ml � .<br />
From this follows:<br />
g<br />
(g) �� sin � . l<br />
For sm<strong>all</strong>est amplitude angles � sin� can be replaced by �, and the conditions apply <strong>to</strong> the<br />
harmonic oscillation. Therefore is:<br />
2<br />
(h)�� � �<br />
and from (g) follows:<br />
Thus applies:<br />
g<br />
(i) �� . l<br />
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© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 96 <strong>of</strong> 154<br />
2<br />
g<br />
l<br />
(j)D � m� � m .<br />
For larger amplitudes the direction parameter D must consist <strong>of</strong> the product <strong>of</strong> the direction<br />
parameter for the harmonic oscillation with a function value f(�0) <strong>of</strong> the amplitude angle �<br />
determining the inharmonic oscillation.<br />
One writes:<br />
g � l �<br />
(k)D( � ) � m f( � ).<br />
0 0<br />
The function value f(�0) is not however defined for the harmonic condition <strong>of</strong> the energy theorem,<br />
so that it must cancel itself during an introduction. With s = x l applies:<br />
f( �0<br />
)mxg 2<br />
(xl)<br />
1<br />
(l) xl � mgh.<br />
2 f( � )<br />
0<br />
Hereby the not changing direction way s can be computed by the energy theorem, if one assigns<br />
the function value f(�0) <strong>to</strong> the repelling force FR. With<br />
arises for the direction way:<br />
� �<br />
1 g 2<br />
2 l<br />
m s mgh �<br />
(m)s � 2lh.<br />
The repelling force FR must be developed thus independently <strong>of</strong> the energy theorem. It is<br />
rather fixed by the initial oscillation as the in the initial height <strong>of</strong> the oscillation way tangential<br />
attacking and thus maxim<strong>all</strong>y repelling force. From<br />
one obtains the periodic time with (a) and (d):<br />
(n) FR = (-) m a<br />
2lh<br />
(o)T �2 � .<br />
a<br />
Concretely the direction way s represents with (m) the chord <strong>of</strong> a circle with the radius l.<br />
Since this circle is circle <strong>of</strong> curvature for the rest position <strong>of</strong> the oscillation way, this chord<br />
must lead from one point <strong>of</strong> the circular path in the initial height h <strong>to</strong> the rest position.<br />
The simplest form <strong>of</strong> an oscillation way which aligns with the circle <strong>of</strong> curvature and possesses<br />
a punctiform evolute is those <strong>of</strong> the mathematical pendulum (fig. 1). This is <strong>to</strong> be first<br />
treated therefore.<br />
2.1.2. The Mathematical Pendulum<br />
From fig. 1 one obtains for the direction way s:<br />
�0<br />
� 2 �<br />
s � 2sin l.<br />
With (f) applies <strong>to</strong> the maxim<strong>all</strong>y repelling force FR:
The periodic time is with (a) and (d) therefore:<br />
2.1.3. The Cycloid Pendulum<br />
FR = (-) m g sinφ0.<br />
l<br />
T �2 � .<br />
cos g<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 97 <strong>of</strong> 154<br />
�0<br />
� 2 �<br />
To the common cycloid (fig. 2) the parameter equation (2) applies:<br />
For the radius <strong>of</strong> curvature � one obtains:<br />
x = a (� - sin�) und y = a (cos� - 1).<br />
� � 2 �<br />
�� 4asin .<br />
Since the angles � increase from the initial height h <strong>to</strong> the rest position with � = � respectively<br />
the sine decreases from �/2 after exceeding <strong>of</strong> the rest position <strong>to</strong> the reversal point again,<br />
the conditions for the computation <strong>of</strong> the periodic time are fulfilled.<br />
The initial height is:<br />
If one inserts h in (m), applies with l = 4 a:<br />
h = 2 a + y = a (cos�0 + 1).<br />
� �<br />
cos � �1 �<br />
2 2<br />
0 0<br />
s �l� cos l.<br />
Since the tangential acceleration bt works always vertic<strong>all</strong>y <strong>to</strong> the radius <strong>of</strong> curvature �, one<br />
obtains for it:<br />
�0<br />
� �<br />
b �� cos g.<br />
t 2<br />
If �0 = 0 holds, then bt = g holds, if �0 = � holds, then bt = 0 holds. Therefore must hold the<br />
multiplier alpha = 1 and apply:<br />
With (o) arises fin<strong>all</strong>y for the periodic time:<br />
�0<br />
� �<br />
b �� cos g.<br />
t 2<br />
l T �2 � . g<br />
This was already proven before by Huygens centuries ago.<br />
2.1.4. The Ellipse Pendulum<br />
To the ellipse (fig. 3) the parameter equation (3) applies:
2 2<br />
x y<br />
� � 1.<br />
2 2<br />
a b<br />
For the radius <strong>of</strong> curvature � results after differentiation (<strong>see</strong> appendix):<br />
��<br />
� � 3<br />
4 2 2 2 2 2<br />
a �ax�bx From the rest position with x = 0 <strong>to</strong> the reversal points x increases, and since a 2 x 2 > b 2 x 2<br />
holds, the radius <strong>of</strong> curvature is continuously reduced. In the rest position � is therefore:<br />
With<br />
the initial height h is:<br />
� � �<br />
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4<br />
ab<br />
2<br />
a<br />
l .<br />
b<br />
x<br />
y � �b 1� a<br />
2<br />
2<br />
� 2 �<br />
x<br />
h � b � y � b�1�1 � �.<br />
� 2<br />
a �<br />
� �<br />
With (m) arises therefore for the direction way s:<br />
2 2<br />
� �<br />
s � 2a a � a � x .<br />
Thus the direction way is independent <strong>of</strong> the semi-minor axis <strong>of</strong> the ellipse. The tangential<br />
acceleration bt is (after fig. 3):<br />
With (o) one obtains for the periodic time:<br />
bxg<br />
bt � cos� g �<br />
.<br />
4 2 2 2 2<br />
a �ax�bx .<br />
� �<br />
4 2 2 2 2 2 2<br />
a � a x � b x 2a a � a � x<br />
T �2 �<br />
bxg<br />
.<br />
For x = 0 the periodic time is not defined, for very sm<strong>all</strong> x applies however:<br />
2<br />
a l<br />
T � 2� � 2 � .<br />
bg g<br />
For x = a the proposition results: The periodic time on an ellipse with maximum amplitude is<br />
independent <strong>of</strong> the semi-minor axis.<br />
2.2. Experiment <strong>to</strong> the Mathematical Pendulum
For temporal reasons the experimental part was limited <strong>to</strong> the mathematical pendulum. Not<br />
only making <strong>of</strong> evolutes would be on the other hand very complex, but during the cycloid respectively<br />
ellipse oscillation also larger sources <strong>of</strong> error would be opened. To this the difficulty<br />
belongs <strong>to</strong> let the pendulum swing exactly <strong>to</strong> the evolute, since already after few oscillations<br />
the pendulum leaves the vertical plane. In addition impulse respectively friction forces<br />
arises with the beginning <strong>of</strong> the swinging and in the support, which with large amplitudes the<br />
respective pendulum let become the mathematical pendulum.<br />
The latter can be regarded therefore as part for the whole.<br />
2.2.1. Experimental Setup<br />
Two bars <strong>of</strong> a meter are connected with a third and four sleeves and pushed symmetric<strong>all</strong>y<br />
through two ceiling hooks. In the centre addition<strong>all</strong>y a protrac<strong>to</strong>r and the support for the pendulum<br />
thread <strong>of</strong> 1.60 m length are fastened.<br />
An air cushion lane is placed in such a way par<strong>all</strong>el <strong>to</strong> it on the bench that its centre is vertic<strong>all</strong>y<br />
under the point <strong>of</strong> the protrac<strong>to</strong>r. An on the centre placed lane carriage <strong>of</strong> 0.2 kg mass<br />
is clamped in such a way by two springs that between the clamping at the end <strong>of</strong> the bench<br />
and the carriage a direction parameter <strong>of</strong> 2 N/m prevails.<br />
A s<strong>to</strong>p watch is set up ready <strong>to</strong> hand by the initial height <strong>of</strong> the pendulum and the carriage.<br />
An illustration <strong>to</strong> the experiment is on the title page. In the appendix also <strong>all</strong> used devices are<br />
specified.<br />
2.2.2. Test Procedure and Results<br />
First was convinced by the independence <strong>of</strong> the periodic time <strong>of</strong> the mass <strong>of</strong> the pendulum,<br />
as once one approx. 5 kg heavy b<strong>all</strong>, another time the lane carriage weighted on 1 kg <strong>of</strong><br />
mass were fastened <strong>to</strong> the pendulum thread. The difference <strong>of</strong> the measured periodic time<br />
amounted <strong>to</strong> hundredths a second on each <strong>of</strong> the ten periods.<br />
During the simulation <strong>of</strong> the mathematical pendulum by the harmonic oscilla<strong>to</strong>r the time difference<br />
per oscillation amounted <strong>to</strong> 0.6 s (back and forth) with ten oscillations and 60° <strong>of</strong><br />
maximum amplitude <strong>of</strong> the pendulum.<br />
For the computation <strong>of</strong> the mass <strong>of</strong> the harmonic oscilla<strong>to</strong>r the formula was used:<br />
2lD<br />
m � .<br />
cos g<br />
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�0<br />
� 2 �<br />
The latter can be determined directly from the periodic times for the two systems.<br />
Here the direction parameter D0 for the oscilla<strong>to</strong>r is the double <strong>of</strong> the spring constants equal<br />
in size <strong>of</strong> the used tension springs. The periodic time <strong>of</strong> the oscilla<strong>to</strong>r is therefore:<br />
m<br />
T �2 � (4).<br />
2D<br />
The periodic time <strong>of</strong> the mathematical pendulum calculated above is:
l<br />
T �2 � .<br />
cos g<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 100 <strong>of</strong> 154<br />
�0<br />
� 2 �<br />
The damping <strong>of</strong> the pendulum during a amplitude <strong>of</strong> 60° amounted <strong>to</strong> 1°, those <strong>of</strong> the oscilla<strong>to</strong>r<br />
0.01 m during a amplitude <strong>of</strong> 0.9 m.<br />
The measured values for amplitudes <strong>of</strong> the mathematical pendulum from 0° <strong>to</strong> 90° are specified<br />
in tab. 1 in the appendix.<br />
2.3. Computations <strong>of</strong> errors<br />
The periodic time <strong>of</strong> the mathematical pendulum became so far specified over the elliptical<br />
integral<br />
with<br />
(2):<br />
�<br />
2<br />
�<br />
0<br />
d�<br />
2 2<br />
1�ksin� 0 � 2 �<br />
k sin �<br />
�<br />
2 2 2 2<br />
13 � 4 13 � �5<br />
2<br />
� � � � � � � � � � �<br />
T � 2� 1� k � k � k � ... .<br />
l 1<br />
g 2 2 4 2 4 6<br />
In order <strong>to</strong> be able <strong>to</strong> compare directly with the new formula for the periodic time:<br />
the function value<br />
l<br />
T �2 � .<br />
cos g<br />
f( � ) �<br />
0<br />
�0<br />
� 2 �<br />
1<br />
0 � 2 �<br />
cos �<br />
is converted with the help <strong>of</strong> the series with |x| < 1:<br />
2 3<br />
p p(p �1)x (1� x) � 1� px �<br />
1� 2<br />
and the relationship:<br />
p(p �1)(p � 2)x<br />
�<br />
1� 2 � 3<br />
� ... (2)<br />
f( 0 )<br />
1<br />
4<br />
2<br />
1 sin 0 �<br />
� �<br />
�<br />
with<br />
<strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> the comparison series:<br />
�0<br />
� 2 �<br />
� 2 �<br />
2 2<br />
x � �sin � � k<br />
2 2<br />
k 15 � k 15 � �9<br />
k<br />
� � � � � � � � � �<br />
2 4 6<br />
1 � � � � ...<br />
2 12 � 2 12 � �3<br />
2<br />
From this results that the two series correspond up <strong>to</strong> the first square member. If one divides<br />
the old by the new series and subtracts 1, then results the after the amount sm<strong>all</strong>er series <strong>of</strong><br />
the relative error:
1 4 1 6 231 8<br />
64 64 16384<br />
k � k � k � ... .<br />
If one divides in reverse with same subtraction, then the relative error is larger:<br />
1 4 1 6 235 8<br />
64 64 16384<br />
k � k � k � ... .<br />
The number <strong>of</strong> the absolute error arises as a result <strong>of</strong> subtraction <strong>of</strong> the old from the new<br />
series:<br />
1 4 5 6 335 8<br />
k � k � k � ... .<br />
64 256 16384<br />
The values for selected angles from 0° <strong>to</strong> 90° <strong>of</strong> <strong>all</strong> series specified here are held in the appendix<br />
in tables.<br />
2.4. Discussion<br />
Here is once <strong>to</strong> think about the proportionalities arising in the formula:<br />
T �2� First it is <strong>to</strong> be noted that the direction way s is not proportional <strong>to</strong> the acceleration a <strong>of</strong> the<br />
repelling force FR, but the function value f(�0), contained in a, must be considered.<br />
The length <strong>of</strong> the oscillation way is adapted over the direction way: If the initial height h is<br />
very sm<strong>all</strong>, becomes the distance <strong>to</strong> cover on the oscillation way in y-direction and concomitantly<br />
the periodic time sm<strong>all</strong>er.<br />
If the oscillation way is very flat in addition, the sm<strong>all</strong> initial height confronts a large pendulum<br />
length, so that one obtains a mean for the length <strong>of</strong> the direction way, as it appears extra<br />
clearly with maximum amplitudes <strong>of</strong> the ellipse pendulum.<br />
With highly curved oscillation ways and large initial heights as with the mathematical pendulum<br />
the periodic time is relatively larger.<br />
In the direct proximity <strong>of</strong> the rest position the numerical values <strong>of</strong> direction way and acceleration<br />
cancel out, so that the direction way becomes the length l <strong>of</strong> the pendulum and the acceleration<br />
becomes the standard acceleration due <strong>to</strong> gravity g.<br />
In the rest position itself the periodic time is strictly taken not defined, because the initial<br />
height h and the acceleration a become there zero.<br />
The larger the acceleration a is, the sm<strong>all</strong>er is the periodic time, otherwise reverse conditions<br />
are present.<br />
These realisations could be relative well confirmed in the experiment <strong>to</strong> the mathematical<br />
pendulum.<br />
3. Conclusion<br />
In the review can be said that the real approach agrees not completely with in this for clarity<br />
reasons stated.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 101 <strong>of</strong> 154<br />
2lh<br />
a
Thus only the problem <strong>of</strong> the mathematical pendulum was solved and then a general problem<br />
solution was established. All periodic times were computed without knowledge <strong>of</strong> the<br />
periodic times indicated in the corresponding literature, their insight like the experiment <strong>to</strong>ok<br />
place only weeks later.<br />
The calculation method could be indeed very simplified and regarding the accuracy <strong>to</strong> the old<br />
procedure the margin <strong>of</strong> error <strong>of</strong> 0.01 respectively one per cent did not need <strong>to</strong> be exceeded.<br />
Here the ellipse pendulum could not be incorporated, since about its periodic time no literature<br />
data could be found.<br />
Most likely the margin <strong>of</strong> error will shift however upward, since the mathematical pendulum<br />
as special case <strong>of</strong> the ellipse pendulum, whose periodic time can be transferred with equal<br />
long semi axes <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> those <strong>of</strong> the mathematical pendulum, possesses already a deviation from<br />
scarcely one per cent with maximum amplitude in respect <strong>of</strong> its periodic time.<br />
The uncontradictedness <strong>of</strong> the periodic time <strong>of</strong> the cycloid pendulum <strong>to</strong> the literature data is<br />
however given.<br />
3.1. Critical Appreciation <strong>of</strong> the Paper<br />
Without doubt the evolutes problem is not yet completely solved. If one does not presuppose<br />
anymore the pendulum length in rest position, one must perhaps nevertheless hark back <strong>to</strong><br />
procedures <strong>of</strong> the infinitesimal analysis and series expansion, in order <strong>to</strong> obtain a larger accuracy.<br />
There<strong>to</strong> however is contradic<strong>to</strong>ry on the one hand the mathematical pendulum, on the other<br />
hand the Cycloid pendulum.<br />
With the first a distinct evolute is missing despite deviation, with the latter exists a deviation<br />
despite the presence <strong>of</strong> an evolute.<br />
Thus the new procedure must be considered as independent.<br />
The measurements <strong>to</strong> further periodic times than that <strong>of</strong> the mathematical pendulum unfortunately<br />
missing in this paper would afford a more exact clarifying <strong>of</strong> circumstances. Here<br />
however very high demands are <strong>to</strong> be made on the measuring accuracy and the run <strong>of</strong> the<br />
experiments.<br />
Al<strong>to</strong>gether the procedure developed in this paper requires a certain adjustment in the way <strong>of</strong><br />
thinking, yet it should be able <strong>to</strong> be applied due <strong>to</strong> the obtained good results in physics.<br />
4. Appendix<br />
Figures<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 102 <strong>of</strong> 154
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 103 <strong>of</strong> 154
All constructions <strong>to</strong>ok place by (9).<br />
Auxiliary Calculations<br />
The general formula (3) applies for the radius <strong>of</strong> curvature:<br />
��<br />
� � 3<br />
2 2 2<br />
x � y<br />
xy � yx<br />
The common cycloid has the parameter equation (2):<br />
For<br />
one can write therefore<br />
With<br />
x = a (� - sin�) and y = a (cos� - 1).<br />
� � 3<br />
2 2 2<br />
x � y<br />
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2<br />
�a � 2cos �a � cos �a � sin �a � � �2a � 2cos � a �<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 104 <strong>of</strong> 154<br />
.<br />
3 3<br />
2 2<br />
2 2<br />
xy � yx � (a � cos� a)( �cos �a) � ( �sin �a)sin �a � a � cos� a<br />
applies thus <strong>to</strong> the radius <strong>of</strong> curvature �:<br />
� � 2 �<br />
� � 2a 2(1� cos �) � 4asin .<br />
If one writes with the ellipse temporarily: x = sin φ a and<br />
then arises:<br />
Thereby the radius <strong>of</strong> curvature is:<br />
2<br />
x y � �b 1� 2 � �cos � b,<br />
a<br />
xy � yx � cos� a(cos � b) � sin� b( �sin � a) � ab.<br />
��<br />
� � 3<br />
2 2 2 2 2<br />
cos � a � sin � b<br />
If one revokes the transformation, one obtains after extension <strong>of</strong> the fraction with a 3 for �:<br />
��<br />
ab<br />
� � 3<br />
4 2 2 2 2 2<br />
a �ax�bx The evolute <strong>of</strong> the common cycloid is likewise a cycloid with same a (5). To the evolute for<br />
the ellipse applies however (6):<br />
2 2 3<br />
(a � b )cos t<br />
��<br />
a<br />
And<br />
4<br />
ab<br />
.<br />
.
with x = a cos t and y = b sin t.<br />
��<br />
2 2 3<br />
(a � b )sin t<br />
b<br />
In order <strong>to</strong> be able <strong>to</strong> compute the tangential acceleration bt <strong>of</strong> the ellipse, the following initial<br />
considerations are necessary:<br />
From this follows directly:<br />
For<br />
one can write after extending with<br />
2 2<br />
a � x q<br />
tan � � � .<br />
x 2 2<br />
a � x<br />
2 2<br />
a � x<br />
q � .<br />
x<br />
cos�<br />
�<br />
y<br />
�<br />
y<br />
q y<br />
�a �<br />
�<br />
� x<br />
x<br />
�<br />
�<br />
�<br />
2 2<br />
�<br />
2<br />
2 2<br />
ax<br />
2 2<br />
a � x<br />
bx<br />
cos ��<br />
.<br />
4 2 2 2 2<br />
a �ax�bx © 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 105 <strong>of</strong> 154<br />
� y<br />
To convert the formula for the periodic time <strong>of</strong> the ellipse pendulum:<br />
T �2� 2<br />
� �<br />
4 2 2 2 2 2 2<br />
a � a x � b x 2a a � a � x<br />
<strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> those <strong>of</strong> the mathematical pendulum, let x = sin(�0) a and a = b = 1. Thus applies:<br />
Therefore fin<strong>all</strong>y is:<br />
bxg<br />
� 2<br />
2<br />
x �<br />
a 2�1� 1� �<br />
� 2<br />
a �<br />
l 2(1�cos �0)<br />
� �<br />
T � 2� � 2 �<br />
.<br />
xg sin� g<br />
l<br />
T �2 �<br />
.<br />
cos g<br />
�0<br />
� 2 �<br />
0
Test devices<br />
2 table clamps for the bench with two holders for the springs<br />
2 1 m long tension springs with a spring constant <strong>of</strong> approx. 2 N/m and a diameter <strong>of</strong><br />
approx. 0.01 m<br />
1 2 m long air cushion lane with air regula<strong>to</strong>r<br />
2 lane carriages with blind and external hook <strong>of</strong> each 0.2 kg <strong>of</strong> mass<br />
1 sphere mass <strong>of</strong> approx. 5 kg <strong>of</strong> mass<br />
1 pendulum thread <strong>of</strong> at the most 1.60 m length<br />
1 s<strong>to</strong>p watch<br />
2 ceiling hooks<br />
1 up <strong>to</strong> 2 m extendable support with holder<br />
7 Sleeves<br />
7 bars with twice 1 m, once 0.6 m, twice 0.5 m, once 0.1 m and once 0.2 m length as angle<br />
bars<br />
1 clamp for protrac<strong>to</strong>r with sm<strong>all</strong> piece <strong>of</strong> wood<br />
1 protrac<strong>to</strong>r<br />
1 adhesive tape<br />
as well as various burden weights<br />
Tables<br />
Tab. 1<br />
�0/° Texp/s Tthn/s Ttha/s �Tan/% �Taa/%<br />
90 2.95 3.02 3.00 2.26 1.52<br />
80 2.87 2.90 2.89 1.02 0.58<br />
70 2.78 2.80 2.80 0.86 0.61<br />
60 2.72 2.73 2.72 0.26 0.13<br />
50 2.65 2.67 2.66 0.60 0.54<br />
40 2.61 2.62 2.62 0.31 0.29<br />
30 2.58 2.58 2.58 0.09 0.08<br />
20 2.55 2.56 2.56 0.29 0.29<br />
10 2.52 2.54 2.54 0.90 0.90<br />
5 2.51 2.54 2.54 1.15 1.15<br />
Texp = experiment<strong>all</strong>y determined periodic time (average values)<br />
Tthn = theoretical periodic time by the new procedure<br />
Ttha = theoretical periodic time by the old procedure<br />
�Tan = absolute difference <strong>of</strong> Texp and Tthn with Tthn as reference value<br />
�Taa = absolute difference <strong>of</strong> Texp and Ttha with Ttha as reference value<br />
Here are:<br />
l = 1.60 m<br />
g = 9,80665 m/s 2<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 106 <strong>of</strong> 154
Tab. 2<br />
�0/° f(T0)n f(T0)a �f(T0)rkl �f(T0)rgr �f(T0)a<br />
90 1.18921 1.18034 0.74558 0.75118 0.88665<br />
80 1.14254 1.13749 0.44214 0.44411 0.50517<br />
70 1.10489 1.10214 0.24815 0.24877 0.27418<br />
60 1.07457 1.07318 0.12916 0.12933 0.13879<br />
50 1.05042 1.04978 0.06045 0.06049 0.06350<br />
40 1.03159 1.03134 0.02418 0.02418 0.02494<br />
30 1.01748 1.01741 8*10 -3 8*10 -3 8*10 -3<br />
20 1.00768 1.00766 1*10 -3 1*10 -3 1*10 -3<br />
10 1.00191 1.00191 1*10 -4 1*10 -4 1*10 -4<br />
5 1.00048 1.00048 6*10 -6 6*10 -6 6*10 -6<br />
4 1.00030 1.00030 3*10 -6 2*10 -6 2*10 -6<br />
3 1.00017 1.00017 8*10 -7 7*10 -7 8*10 -7<br />
2 1.00008 1.00008 3*10 -7 2*10 -7 2*10 -7<br />
1 1.00002 1.00002 2*10 -7 1*10 -7 1*10 -7<br />
0 1.00000 1.00000 0 0 0<br />
f(T0)n = function value <strong>of</strong> the periodic time <strong>of</strong> the mathematical pendulum, with which the periodic<br />
time <strong>of</strong> the Cycloid pendulums must be multiplied, by the new procedure<br />
f(T0)a = the same by the old procedure<br />
�f(T0)rkl = sm<strong>all</strong>er relative difference <strong>of</strong> the two<br />
�f(T0)rgr = larger relative difference <strong>of</strong> the two<br />
�f(T0)a = absolute difference <strong>of</strong> the two<br />
Here are <strong>all</strong> delta �f(T0)x specified in per cent.<br />
5. Bibliography<br />
1. Arnold, Günter<br />
Formeln der Mathematik, Ed. by H. Netz<br />
3 rd edition, 1977, Carl Hauser, München (9)<br />
2. Beyer, William H. (Edi<strong>to</strong>r)<br />
CRC Handbook <strong>of</strong> Mathematical Sciences<br />
5 th edition, 1978, CRC Press Inc., 2255 Palm Beach Lakes Blvd. (8)<br />
3. Deutsch, Harri (Edi<strong>to</strong>rs)<br />
Kleine Enzyklopädie Mathematik<br />
2 nd newly arr. edition, 1980, Harri Deutsch, Thun, Frankfurt/M. (3)<br />
4. Dorn, Friedrich / Bader, Franz<br />
Physik in einem Band (4) und Physik-Oberstufe, Volume O (1)<br />
Newly arr. edition, 1976, Hermann Schroedel, Hannover<br />
5. Fichtenholz, G. M.<br />
Differential- und Integralrechnungen 1<br />
german orig. ed., 1964, VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, Berlin (6)<br />
6. Franke, Hermann (Edi<strong>to</strong>r)<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 107 <strong>of</strong> 154
dtv-Lexikon der Physik in 10 Bänden<br />
3 rd newly arr. and ext. edition, 1970, Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag, München (5)<br />
7. Sieber, Helmut<br />
Mathematische Begriffe und Formeln<br />
1 st edition, 1973, Ernst Klett, Stuttgart (7)<br />
8. Spiegel, Murray R.<br />
Allgemeine Mechanik<br />
German orig. ed., 1976, McGraw-Hill Inc., Düsseldorf (2)<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 108 <strong>of</strong> 154
Addendum:<br />
Today, I am certainly in a position <strong>to</strong> calculate the correct periodic times and <strong>to</strong> state the error<br />
concerning my approximate formula.<br />
It applies:<br />
With x = x(t) and y = y(t) applies:<br />
The approximate formula reads:<br />
2<br />
1 ds<br />
0 � � 2 2<br />
mgh mgh m .<br />
dt<br />
s0 x0 2 t0<br />
2 2<br />
8 1 8 1�y�8x�y T � ds dx dt.<br />
g � � �<br />
h � h g � y � y g � y � y<br />
0 0 0 0 0 0<br />
3 3<br />
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2<br />
� � � � 0 � � �0��<br />
� � 0 � 0 � 0 �<br />
2lh 2 1 y (0) y 1 y 2 x(0) y(0) y x y<br />
T � 2� � 2� � 2 �<br />
.<br />
a gy� y ��(0) gy x(0)y(0) � y(0)x(0)<br />
With x = a sin φ, y = b - b cos φ,<br />
0 0<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 109 <strong>of</strong> 154<br />
0 � 2 �<br />
2 2 2 2 2 2<br />
ds dx dy a cos b sin d , k sin �<br />
� � � � � � � �<br />
and<br />
2 a � b<br />
� � 2<br />
a<br />
exactly applies for the ellipse pendulum:<br />
2 2<br />
2 �0<br />
2 2<br />
8a 1� � sin �<br />
T � d .<br />
bg �<br />
�<br />
cos� � cos�<br />
With ε 2 < 1 the calculation <strong>of</strong> the integral yields the series expansion:<br />
0<br />
1 2 2 2 9 4 3 2 4 3 4 4 6<br />
� 4 64 8 4<br />
�<br />
2�a T � 1� k � � k � k � � k � � k � O (k ) .<br />
bg<br />
The series expansion <strong>of</strong> the approximate formula<br />
reads:<br />
T �<br />
4 2 2<br />
2 a 1 sin<br />
� � � �<br />
0 � 2 �<br />
bgcos �<br />
1 2 2 2 5 4 3 2 4 3 4 4 6<br />
� 4 32 4 2<br />
�<br />
2�a T � 1� k � � k � k � � k � � k � O (k ) .<br />
bg<br />
Both formulas are identical up <strong>to</strong> the quadratic term as for the mathematical pendulum and<br />
confirm the quality <strong>of</strong> the approximation procedure. To obtain a better approximate formula,<br />
y(x) is <strong>to</strong> develop <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> a Taylor series around x = 0. For |y'| < 1, then numera<strong>to</strong>r and denomina<strong>to</strong>r<br />
<strong>of</strong> the integral can be developed <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> series and easily be integrated after multiplying<br />
them out. Otherwise, the integral can be computed by numerical quadrature or by develop-<br />
0<br />
0
ment <strong>of</strong> a Taylor series <strong>of</strong> the integrand with arbitrary precision. The latter is always possible<br />
by suitable substitution <strong>of</strong> x, and sufficient differentiability <strong>of</strong> the integrand. Interval arithmetic<br />
secures the results.<br />
My actual aim was less the calculation <strong>of</strong> concrete periodic times, but the mathematical reduction<br />
<strong>of</strong> the difficult integration <strong>to</strong> a relatively easy differentiation (with simple integration).<br />
Precisely this yields the just mentioned development <strong>of</strong> a Taylor series, which is possibly <strong>to</strong><br />
repeat for separate interval limits.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 110 <strong>of</strong> 154
Universe<br />
The universe can be regarded both as infinite n-dimensional cube, as well - isomorphic defined<br />
<strong>to</strong> it - as the n-dimensional sphere one obtains if one erects in the central point <strong>of</strong> the<br />
cube in a further dimension a line <strong>of</strong> length 2 as the diameter <strong>of</strong> a unit sphere with shifted<br />
central point and projects <strong>all</strong> points <strong>of</strong> the cube uniquely <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> the boundary <strong>of</strong> this sphere by<br />
calculating the respective intersection points on the connecting line between cube points and<br />
the end point <strong>of</strong> the erected line - the North Pole - with the spherical boundary. Thus, the<br />
sphere has indeed finite extent and each point can be reached in finite time, but the spherical<br />
boundary contains infinitely many points that lie closest <strong>to</strong> the North Pole.<br />
The n dimensions include not only the space, but <strong>all</strong> scaled substances (<strong>see</strong> reference theory),<br />
thus in particular the time. The beginning <strong>of</strong> the universe lies in the central point <strong>of</strong> the<br />
cube; that is diametric<strong>all</strong>y opposed <strong>to</strong> the North Pole at the South Pole. If one assumes a<br />
beginning <strong>of</strong> time, the negative half-axis resp. its equivalent in the spherical boundary is<br />
missing. Around the South Pole are the simplest worlds, around the North Pole the most<br />
complex ones. With <strong>all</strong> these considerations, we should remember that L is not bound <strong>to</strong> any<br />
model <strong>of</strong> the universe, but each model helps us <strong>to</strong> understand the universe better and has its<br />
advantages and disadvantages. Its possible homogeneity speaks for the cube model, the<br />
finite reachability <strong>of</strong> each substance point for the sphere model.<br />
However, we cannot prove how big the radius <strong>of</strong> the universe at <strong>all</strong> is, but only <strong>of</strong> our one,<br />
since we would need <strong>to</strong> know the coordinates that go beyond the three-dimensional space,<br />
as follows from the n-dimensional sphere equation. Time and space intervals on the unit<br />
sphere become shorter and shorter with time. This can be counteracted with the expansion<br />
<strong>of</strong> time and space.<br />
The length <strong>of</strong> sm<strong>all</strong> distances can only be measured as larger than the sm<strong>all</strong>est distance, if<br />
its <strong>to</strong>tal length makes up a sm<strong>all</strong>er number <strong>of</strong> these distances than the number concerning<br />
the length measured with the sm<strong>all</strong>est distance as standard, which is less than or equal <strong>to</strong><br />
the <strong>to</strong>tal length. It is therefore definitely possible that a reduction <strong>to</strong>wards the North Pole cannot<br />
be measured.<br />
With every expansion <strong>of</strong> the universe from the potential <strong>of</strong> L, the existing worlds slip <strong>to</strong>wards<br />
the South Pole. At the North Pole, the residence <strong>of</strong> L, the worlds are replenished from the<br />
new world level. It was tacitly assumed that no dimension is distinguished from another one,<br />
and deformations <strong>of</strong> the unit sphere or cube are implausible and unnecessary. For, an (almost)<br />
arbitrary possibility <strong>of</strong> shaping the worlds in the universe remains unaffected. Nevertheless,<br />
each world is strictly <strong>to</strong> investigate and <strong>to</strong> define by L, before it is released.<br />
Mind that points in space have neither form nor extension, so one can push them <strong>to</strong>gether,<br />
arbitrarily close. They are still something and may have distances with nothing in between. It<br />
is our conception that can fill in the between, and provides extension. The faster moving universe<br />
makes sense and is wanted by L. Skipping intervals can counteract a <strong>to</strong>o-fast. Analogous<br />
applies for <strong>all</strong> other substances. It is therefore important that L makes the laws <strong>of</strong> nature<br />
appropriate. This applies particularly for chaotic or strongly inhomogeneous worlds, and<br />
those with multiple time axes.<br />
It is measurable, whether a world is homogenous or not. Every creature has deserved a<br />
world in the universe according <strong>to</strong> its karma. A material world represents a simplification for<br />
their (first) creatures in order <strong>to</strong> limit their possibilities because <strong>of</strong> lack <strong>of</strong> development. Each<br />
world can become an immaterial one with extended rules, during higher development and<br />
growing, usefully directed freedom. For the functioning, gener<strong>all</strong>y many rules are needed -<br />
individu<strong>all</strong>y and in general, which must be transparent and efficient, as well as conceived and<br />
supported by L.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 111 <strong>of</strong> 154
Politics<br />
The contents <strong>of</strong> the politics <strong>of</strong> the religion <strong>of</strong> love are outsourced <strong>to</strong> www.relil.org.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 112 <strong>of</strong> 154
Religion<br />
The contents <strong>of</strong> the religion <strong>of</strong> love are outsourced <strong>to</strong> the sites www.relil.eu, www.relil.net and<br />
www.relil.de.<br />
On www.relil.eu the contents are structured by <strong>to</strong>pics and sh<strong>all</strong> be sometime released in<br />
book form.<br />
By www.relil.net involves the Wiki RelilWiki and on www.relil.de one can listen <strong>to</strong> lectures.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 113 <strong>of</strong> 154
About me<br />
Birth:<br />
1964 in Kiel<br />
Address:<br />
Cranachstr. 4, D-63452 Hanau<br />
Occupation:<br />
Management assistant in data processing (IHK)<br />
Studies:<br />
Mathematics (minor subject informatics) and philosophy (minor subjects political science and<br />
sociology) at the universities TU Clausthal, U Goettingen and FU Hagen<br />
Work:<br />
Clinical centre Hanau<br />
Hobbies:<br />
L, religion, inventing, internet and fitness<br />
Largest existing misfortune:<br />
Unjustness in the world<br />
Favourite residence:<br />
Berlin<br />
Perfect luck:<br />
To be with L<br />
Most excusable defect:<br />
Inability<br />
Favourite person:<br />
Albert Einstein<br />
Unperson:<br />
Adolf Hitler:<br />
Male favourite characteristic:<br />
Intellect<br />
Female favourite characteristic:<br />
Empathy<br />
Favourite virtue:<br />
Justice<br />
Favourite activity:<br />
Solving real problems<br />
Favourite occupation:<br />
Enuncia<strong>to</strong>r<br />
Main characteristic:<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 114 <strong>of</strong> 154
Dedication<br />
Favourite characteristic <strong>of</strong> the friends:<br />
Greatness<br />
Largest own defect:<br />
Pushing the boundary<br />
Dream <strong>of</strong> the luck:<br />
Finding fulfilment<br />
Largest theoretical misfortune:<br />
Non-existence <strong>of</strong> L<br />
Missing characteristic:<br />
Adeptness in dealing with others<br />
Favourite colour:<br />
Brown<br />
Favourite object:<br />
Computer<br />
Largest defect <strong>of</strong> others:<br />
Cruelness<br />
Best reform:<br />
Charter <strong>of</strong> the human rights<br />
Most missing natural gift:<br />
Mixing well<br />
Wish <strong>to</strong> die:<br />
Free at last<br />
Present state <strong>of</strong> mind:<br />
Exerted<br />
Maxim:<br />
Decide for you.<br />
Mot<strong>to</strong>:<br />
Your mission protects you.<br />
Visions:<br />
Man becomes immortal. Ze is not any more in zis traditional shell but forms a unit with a supercomputer.<br />
The diseases are vanquished. There are at the most still disturbances. The<br />
metabolism <strong>of</strong> man is in line with each environment - also hostile ones like other planets. Ze<br />
uses current skilfully. Ze integrates <strong>all</strong> positive substances <strong>of</strong> the reference theory. Ze communicates<br />
telepathic<strong>all</strong>y and controls the telepathy.<br />
Humans possess approximately the same intelligence since they need this for an equivalent<br />
survival. Death is vanquished: Nobody becomes old. Tolerance is very important since wanting<br />
A can have equivalent reasons in relation <strong>to</strong> not A. Animals and plants are integrated in<br />
the metabolic politics and optimisation. There is a large religion <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> that <strong>all</strong> different can be<br />
translated. With the language it is similar.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 115 <strong>of</strong> 154
Humans create themselves virtual spaces. The virtual spaces can use more dimensions than<br />
the existing in nature. For this purpose, man must be able <strong>to</strong> combine matter arbitrarily. Ze<br />
can build as many references as ze can use matter. The construction <strong>of</strong> arbitrary references<br />
lets zer surmount arbitrary distances. Ze creates own time axes in that the time can proceed<br />
with other speeds.<br />
There is a uniform, central controlled human policy. The poverty is vanquished, the differences<br />
between poor and rich also as far as possible. Wars do not take place since there is<br />
nothing that is worth <strong>to</strong> fight for. The problem <strong>of</strong> the overpopulation is solved. The human<br />
reproduction can take place also on non-sexual way. The genes are so far decoded that no<br />
unmeant manipulation can take place.<br />
True democracy prevails. Each human is involved after its qualifications in everything. Everyone<br />
can qualify zerself for everything - completely after his notions. There is only one economic<br />
system and one currency.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 116 <strong>of</strong> 154
Bibliography<br />
1) Hamp, Vinzenz; Stenzel, Meinrad; Kürzinger, Josef (Hrsg.): Die Heilige Schrift des Alten<br />
und Neuen Testamentes; 4. Aufl.; 1988; Pattloch Verlag; München; ISBN 3629052002; Bilder<br />
von Rembrandt.<br />
2) W.-Winter, L. (Bearb.); Ullmann, Ludwig (Übertr.): Der Koran - Das Heilige Buch des Islam;<br />
1. Aufl.; 1986; Wilhelm Goldmann Verlag; München; ISBN 3442086132; Taschenbuch.<br />
3) Grimm, Georg: Die Lehre des Buddho; 20. unveränd. Aufl.; 1979; R. Löwit; Wiesbaden;<br />
ISBN 3894272120; Hrsg. von M. Keller-Grimm und Max Hoppe.<br />
4) Fromer, Jakob (Übertr.): Der Babylonische Talmud; 2. Aufl.; 1988; Fourier-Verlag; Wiesbaden;<br />
ISBN 3921695880; kommentierte Auswahl.<br />
5) Franz, Albert; Baum, Wolfgang; Kreutzer, Karsten: Lexikon philosophischer Grundbegriffe<br />
der Theologie; 2. Aufl.; 2007; Herder; Freiburg; ISBN 9783451290954; korrigierte Fassung<br />
der Erstauflage.<br />
6) Sharamon, Shalila; Baginski, Bodo J.: Das Chakra-Handbuch; 50. Aufl.; 2006; Windpferd;<br />
Aitrang; ISBN 3893850384; Taschenbuch.<br />
7) Als<strong>to</strong>n, William P.: A Realist Conception <strong>of</strong> Truth; 1st Ed.; 1996; Cornell University Press;<br />
Ithaca and London; ISBN 0801484103; Taschenbuch.<br />
8) Cumpsty, John S.: Religion As Belonging; 1st Ed.; 1991; University Press <strong>of</strong> America;<br />
Lanham; ISBN 0819183598; A General Theory <strong>of</strong> Religion.<br />
9) Als<strong>to</strong>n, William P.: Perceiving God; 2nd Printing; 1995; Cornell University Press; Ithaca<br />
and London; ISBN 0801481554; The Epistemology <strong>of</strong> Religious Experience.<br />
10) Stiver, Dan R.: The Philosophy <strong>of</strong> Religious Language; Reprint; 1997; Blackwell; Malden;<br />
ISBN 1557865825; Sign, Symbol, and S<strong>to</strong>ry.<br />
11) Fischer, Johannes: Theologische Ethik; 1. Aufl.; 2002; Kohlhammer; Stuttgart; ISBN<br />
3170168916; Grundwissen und Orientierung.<br />
12) Jörns, Klaus-Peter: Die neuen Gesichter Gottes; 1. Aufl.; 1997; C. H. Beck; München;<br />
ISBN 340642936X; Was die Menschen heute wirklich glauben.<br />
13) Krieg, Carmen; Kucharz, Thomas; Volf, Miroslav (Hrsg.): Die Theologie auf dem Weg in<br />
das dritte Jahrtausend; 1. Aufl.; 1996; Chr. Kaiser; Gütersloh; ISBN 3579020080; Festschrift.<br />
14) Anzenbacher, Arno: Einführung in die Ethik; 1. Aufl.; 1992; Patmos; Düsseldorf; ISBN<br />
3491779251; Philosophische Grundlagenprobleme.<br />
15) Sharma, Arvind (Ed.): Fragments <strong>of</strong> Infinity; 1st Ed.; 1991; Prism Press; Dorset; ISBN<br />
1853270660; Essays in Religion and Philosophy.<br />
16) Ratzinger, Joseph: Einführung in das Christentum; Neuausg.; 2005; Weltbild; Augsburg;<br />
ISBN 382894949320; Benedikt XVI..<br />
17) Ratzinger, Joseph: Glaube - Wahrheit - Toleranz; 2. Aufl.; 2003; Herder; Freiburg; ISBN<br />
3451281104; Das Christentum und die Weltreligionen.<br />
18) Ratzinger, Joseph: Jesus von Nazareth; 1. Aufl.; 2007; Herder; Freiburg; ISBN<br />
9783451298615; Erster Teil von der Taufe im Jordan bis zur Verklärung.<br />
19) Ratzinger, Joseph: Gott und die Welt; 1. Aufl.; 2000; Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt; Stuttgart<br />
München; ISBN 3421054282; Glauben und Leben in unserer Zeit.<br />
20) Szczesny, Gerhard; Wilhelm, Kurt: Die Antwort der Religionen; 1. Aufl.; 1964; Szczesny;<br />
München; ASIN B0000BFUGR; 31 Fragen.<br />
21) Drewermann, Eugen: Kleriker; 3. Aufl.; 1992; Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag; München;<br />
ISBN 3423300108; Psychogramm eines Ideals.<br />
22) Smith, Hus<strong>to</strong>n: Eine Wahrheit viele Wege; 2. Aufl.; 1994; Hermann Bauer; Freiburg;<br />
ISBN 3762604657; Die großen Religionen der Welt.<br />
23) Hirsch, Eike Christian: Vorsicht auf der Himmelsleiter; 1. Aufl.; 1987; H<strong>of</strong>fmann und<br />
Campe; Hamburg; ISBN 3455086284; Auskünfte in Glaubensfragen.<br />
24) Hick, John: Religion; 1. Aufl.; 1996; Diederichs; München; ISBN 3424013110; Die<br />
menschlichen Antworten auf die Frage nach Leben und Tod.<br />
25) Thomas, Gordon; Morgan-Witts, Max: Der Vatikan; Lizenzausg.; 1984; Manfred Pawlak;<br />
Herrsching; ISBN 3881993223; Mechanismen kirchlicher Macht.<br />
26) Trillhaas, Wolfgang: Religionsphilosophie; 1. Aufl.; 1972; Walter de Gruyter; Berlin; ISBN<br />
3110038684; Lehrbuch.<br />
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27) Vries, S. Ph. de: Jüdische Riten und Symbole; 9. Aufl.; 2003; Rowohlt; Reinbek; ISBN<br />
3499187582; Taschenbuch.<br />
28) Borchert, Bruno: Mystik; 1. Aufl.; 1997; Herder; Freiburg; ISBN 3451045300; Das Phänomen<br />
- Die Geschichte - Neue Wege.<br />
29) James, William: Die Vielfalt religiöser Erfahrung; 1. Aufl.; 1997; Insel; Frankfurt und Leipzig;<br />
ISBN 345833484X; Mit einem Vorwort von Peter Sloterdijk.<br />
30) Lanczkowski, Günter: Geschichte der nichtchristlichen Religionen; 1. Aufl.; 1989; Fischer;<br />
Frankfurt am Main; ISBN 3596245648; aktualisierte und erweiterte Neuausgabe.<br />
31) Küng, Hans: Christ sein; 3. Aufl.; 2004; Piper; München; ISBN 3492217362; Taschenbuch.<br />
32) Küng, Hans: Existiert Gott?; 3. Aufl.; 2004; Piper; München; ISBN 3492221440; Antwort<br />
auf die Gottesfrage der Neuzeit.<br />
33) Küng, Hans: Das Christentum; 1. Aufl. Taschenbuch; 1999; Piper; München; ISBN<br />
3492229409; Die religiöse Situation der Zeit.<br />
34) Küng, Hans: Das Judentum; 1. Aufl. Taschenbuch; 1999; Piper; München; ISBN<br />
3492228275; Die religiöse Situation der Zeit.<br />
35) Küng, Hans: Der Islam; 1. Aufl. Taschenbuch; 2006; Piper; München; ISBN 3492247091;<br />
Geschichte, Gegenwart, Zukunft.<br />
36) Ruh, Ulrich; Seeber, David; Walter, Rudolf (Hrsg.): Handwörterbuch religiöser Gegenwartsfragen;<br />
2. Aufl.; 1989; Herder; Freiburg; ISBN 3451216124; Sonderausgabe.<br />
37) Adam, Go<strong>ttf</strong>ried; Lachmann, Rainer (Hrsg.): Religionspädagogisches Kompendium; 5.<br />
neubearb. Aufl.; 1997; Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht; Göttingen; ISBN 352561330X; Taschenbuch.<br />
38) Henning, Christian; Murken, Sebastian; Nestler, Erich (Hrsg.): Einführung in die Religionspsychologie;<br />
1. Aufl.; 2003; Ferdinand Schöningh; Paderborn; ISBN 350699011X; Taschenbuch.<br />
39) Kühn, Ulrich: Chris<strong>to</strong>logie; 1. Aufl.; 2003; Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht; Göttingen; ISBN<br />
3525032412; Taschenbuch.<br />
40) S<strong>to</strong>lz, Fritz: Grundzüge der Religionswissenschaft; 2., überarb. Aufl.; 1997; Vandenhoeck<br />
& Ruprecht; Göttingen; ISBN 3525032919; Taschenbuch.<br />
41) Moeller, Bernd: Geschichte des Christentums in Grundzügen; 6., verb. Aufl.; 1996;<br />
Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht; Göttingen; ISBN 3525032803; Taschenbuch.<br />
42) Jäger, Chris<strong>to</strong>ph (Hrsg.): Analytische Religionsphilosophie; 1. Aufl.; 1998; Ferdinand<br />
Schöningh; Paderborn; ISBN 3506994891; Taschenbuch.<br />
43) Fraas, Hans-Jürgen: Die Religiosität des Menschen; 1. Aufl.; 1990; Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht;<br />
Göttingen; ISBN 3525032749; Ein Grundriss der Religionspsychologie.<br />
44) Johann-Adam-Möhler-Institut (Hrsg.): Kleine Konfessionskunde; 2., durchges. und akt.<br />
Aufl.; 1997; Bonifatius; Paderborn; ISBN 3897100002; Taschenbuch.<br />
45) Lanczkowski, Günter (Bearb.): Meyers Kleines Lexikon Religionen; 1. Aufl.; 1987; Bibliographisches<br />
Institut; Mannheim; ISBN 3411026588; hrsg. von d. Red. für Religion und Theologie.<br />
46) Beyerhaus, Peter; Padberg, Lutz E. v. (Hrsg.): Eine Welt - eine Religion?; 1. Aufl.; 1988;<br />
Schulte & Gerth; Asslar; ISBN 3877397751; Die synkretistische Bedrohung unseres Glaubens<br />
im Zeichen von New Age.<br />
47) Paden, William E.: Am Anfang war Religion; Dt. Erstausg.; 1990; Gerd Mohn; Gütersloh;<br />
ISBN 3579007874; Die Einheit in der Vielfalt.<br />
48) Möhler, Johann Adam; Newman, John Henry; Guardini, Romano et al.: Gott in dieser<br />
Zeit; 1. Aufl.; 1990; Matthias Grünewald; Mainz; ISBN 3786715114; Eine Herausforderung<br />
der Theologie.<br />
49) Schweitzer, Albert: Das Christentum und die Weltreligionen; 2., unveränd. Aufl.; 1984; C.<br />
H. Beck; München; ISBN 3406067816; Zwei Aufsätze zur Religionsphilosophie.<br />
50) Mynarek, Hubertus: Ökologische Religion; 1. Aufl.; 1986; Wilhelm Goldmann; München;<br />
ISBN 3442120055; Ein neues Verständnis der Natur.<br />
51) Pöhlmann, Horst Georg: Der Atheismus oder der Streit um Gott; 5. Aufl.; 1986; Gerd<br />
Mohn; Gütersloh; ISBN 3579052187; Taschenbuch.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 118 <strong>of</strong> 154
52) Lehmann, Karl: Es ist Zeit, an Gott zu denken; 2. Aufl.; 2000; Herder; Freiburg; ISBN<br />
34515054; Ein Gespräch mit Jürgen Hoeren.<br />
53) Khoury, Adel Th.; Hünermann, Peter (Hrsg.): Wer ist Gott?; 1. Aufl.; 1983; Herder; Freiburg;<br />
ISBN 3451080796; Die Antwort der Weltreligionen.<br />
54) Löhr, Gebhard: Gott - Gebote - Ideale; 1. Aufl.; 1991; Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht; Göttingen;<br />
ISBN 3525335768; Analytische Philosophie und theologische Ethik.<br />
55) Grün, Anselm; Sar<strong>to</strong>rius, Christiane: Dem Himmel zur Ehre - Der Erde zum Zeichen; 3.<br />
Aufl.; 1997; Herder; Freiburg; ISBN 3451237946; Menschliches Reifen im Ordensleben.<br />
56) Hawking, Stephen W.: Ist <strong>all</strong>es vorherbestimmt?; 1. Aufl.; 1996; Rowohlt; Reinbek; ISBN<br />
3499220679; Sechs Essays.<br />
57) Lyre, Holger: Informationstheorie; 1. Aufl.; 2002; Wilhelm Fink; München; ISBN<br />
3825222896; Eine philosophisch-naturwissenschaftliche Einführung.<br />
58) Reinhardt, Fritz; Soeder, Heinrich: dtv-Atlas zur Mathematik Band 1; 9. Aufl.; 1991; Deutscher<br />
Taschenbuch Verlag; München; ISBN 3423030070; Grundlagen, Algebra und Geometrie.<br />
59) Reinhardt, Fritz; Soeder, Heinrich: dtv-Atlas zur Mathematik Band 2; 5. Aufl.; 1984; Deutscher<br />
Taschenbuch Verlag; München; ISBN 3423030089; Analysis und angewandte Mathematik.<br />
60) Bronstein, Il'ja N. (Begr.); Grosche, Günter (Bearb.); Zeidler, Eberhard: Teubner-<br />
Taschenbuch der Mathematik Teil 1; 1. Aufl.; 1996; Teubner; Leipzig; ISBN 3815420016;<br />
Taschenbuch.<br />
61) Grosche, Günter (Hrsg.): Teubner-Taschenbuch der Mathematik Teil 2; 7. Aufl.; 1995;<br />
Teubner; Leipzig; ISBN 3815421004; vollst. überarb. und wesentlich erw. Neufassung.<br />
62) Grosche, G.; Ziegler, V. (Hrsg.): Taschenbuch der Mathematik; Nachdruck der 20. Aufl.;<br />
1983; Harri Deutsch; Thun; ISBN 3871444928; Neubearbeitung, ältere Ausgabe.<br />
63) Bronstein, I. N.; Semendjajew, K. A.: Taschenbuch der Mathematik; 3. Aufl.; 1984; Harri<br />
Deutsch; Thun; ISBN 3871444936; Ergänzende Kapitel.<br />
64) Schmidt, Werner: Lehrprogramm Vek<strong>to</strong>rrechnung; 1. Aufl.; 1978; Verlag Chemie; Weinheim;<br />
ISBN 3527210741; Mit Beispielen aus der Physik.<br />
65) Kleppner, Daniel; Ramsey, Norman: Lehrprogramm Differential- und Integralrechnung; 2.<br />
Aufl.; 1982; Verlag Chemie; Weinheim; ISBN 3527210911; Taschenbuch.<br />
66) Fischer, Gerd: Analytische Geometrie; 6., überarb. Aufl.; 1992; Friedrich Vieweg; Braunschweig;<br />
ISBN 3528572353; Taschenbuch.<br />
67) Guillen, Michael: Brücken ins Unendliche; 2. Aufl.; 1987; Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag;<br />
München; ISBN 3423106980; Die menschliche Seite der Mathematik.<br />
68) Benesch, Hellmuth: dtv-Atlas zur Psychologie Band 1; 1. Aufl.; 1987; Deutscher Taschenbuch<br />
Verlag; München; ISBN 3423032243; Tafeln und Texte.<br />
69) Benesch, Hellmuth: dtv-Atlas zur Psychologie Band 2; 1. Aufl.; 1987; Deutscher Taschenbuch<br />
Verlag; München; ISBN 3423032251; Tafeln und Texte.<br />
70) Heinrich, Dieter; Hergt, Manfred: dtv-Atlas zur Ökologie; 3. Aufl.; 1994; Deutscher Taschenbuch<br />
Verlag; München; ISBN 3423032286; Tafeln und Texte.<br />
71) Abels, Heinz: Einführung in die Soziologie 1; 1. Aufl.; 2001; Westdeutscher Verlag;<br />
Wiesbaden; ISBN 353113610; Der Blick auf die Gesellschaft.<br />
72) Abels, Heinz: Einführung in die Soziologie 2; 1. Aufl.; 2001; Westdeutscher Verlag;<br />
Wiesbaden; ISBN 3531136119; Die Individuen in ihrer Gesellschaft.<br />
73) Jäger, Wieland: Reorganisation der Arbeit; 1. Aufl.; 1999; Westdeutscher Verlag; Wiesbaden;<br />
ISBN 3531134736; Ein Überblick zu aktuellen Entwicklungen.<br />
74) Soziologie, Arbeitsgruppe: Denkweisen und Grundbegriffe der Soziologie; 13. Aufl.;<br />
1998; Campus Verlag; Frankfurt am Main; ISBN 3593347156; Eine Einführung.<br />
75) Weber, Max: Soziologische Grundbegriffe; 6., erneut durchges. Aufl.; 1984; Mohr; Tübingen;<br />
ISBN 3165448302; Taschenbuch-Sonderausgabe.<br />
76) Bourdieu, Pierre: Die feinen Unterschiede; 1. Aufl.; 1987; Suhrkamp; Frankfurt am Main;<br />
ISBN 3518282581; Kritik der gesellschaftlichen Urteilskraft.<br />
77) Herfurtner, Rudolf: Gloria von Jaxtberg oder die Prinzessin vom Pfandh<strong>of</strong>; 1. Aufl.; 1988;<br />
Thienemann; Stuttgart, Wien; ISBN 3522425006; Bilder von Reinhard Michl.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 119 <strong>of</strong> 154
78) Temming, Rolf L.: Illustrierte Geschichte der Eisenbahn; 1. Aufl.; 1976; Manfred Pawlak;<br />
Herrsching; ASIN B0000BMJT1; ohne ISBN.<br />
79) Shulman, Sandra: Geschichte der Astrologie; 1. Aufl.; 1978; Rheingauer Verlagsgesellschaft;<br />
Eltville; ISBN 3881020187; Von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart.<br />
80) Glück, Helmut (Hrsg.): Metzler-Lexikon Sprache; 2., überarb. und erw. Aufl.; 2000; Metzler;<br />
Stuttgart, Weimar; ISBN 347601519X; Mit 70 Abbildungen, davon 17 Karten.<br />
81) Prechtl, Peter; Burkard, Franz-Peter (Hrsg.): Metzler-Philosophie-Lexikon; 1. Aufl.; 1996;<br />
Metzler; Stuttgart, Weimar; ISBN 3476012573; Begriffe und Definitionen.<br />
82) Lutz, Bernd (Hrsg.): Metzler-Philosophen-Lexikon; 1. Aufl.; 1989; Metzler; Stuttgart; ISBN<br />
3476006395; Dreihundert biographisch-weltgeschichtliche Porträts von den Vorsokratikern<br />
bis zu den Neuen Philosophen.<br />
83) Störig, Hans Joachim: Kleine Weltgeschichte der Philosophie; 17., vollst. überarb. und<br />
erw. Aufl.; 1999; Kohlhammer; Stuttgart; ISBN 3170160702; gebunden.<br />
84) Schmidinger, Heinrich: Metaphysik; 1. Aufl.; 2000; Kohlhammer; Stuttgart; ISBN<br />
3170163086; Ein Grundkurs.<br />
85) Heidegger, Martin: Sein und Zeit; 17. Aufl.; 1993; Niemeyer; Tübingen; ISBN<br />
3484701226; gebunden.<br />
86) Heidegger, Martin: Über den Humanismus; 9. Aufl.; 1991; Vit<strong>to</strong>rio Klostermann; Frankfurt<br />
am Main; ISBN 3465022742; broschiert.<br />
87) Hüntelmann, Rafael: Existenzon<strong>to</strong>logie; 1. Aufl.; 1997; Röll; Dettelbach; ISBN<br />
392752283X; gebunden.<br />
88) Siegmann, Georg: Plotins Philosophie des Guten; 1. Aufl.; 1990; Königshausen & Neumann;<br />
Würzburg; ISBN 3884794671; Eine Interpreatation von Enneade VI 7.<br />
89) Hartmann, Nicolai: Der Aufbau der realen Welt; 3. Aufl.; 1964; Walter de Gruyter; Berlin;<br />
ASIN B0000BJ3UP; Grundriss der <strong>all</strong>gemeinen Kategorienlehre.<br />
90) Weyl, Hermann: Philosophie der Mathematik und Naturwissenschaft; 7. Aufl.; 2000;<br />
Oldenbourg; München; ISBN 3486467972; Scientia Nova.<br />
91) Trillhaas, Wolfgang: Ethik; 3., neubearb. und erw. Aufl.; 1970; Walter de Gruyter; Berlin;<br />
ASIN B0000BTTHQ; Sondereinband.<br />
92) Balzer, Wolfgang: Die Wissenschaft und ihre Methoden; 1. Aufl.; 1997; Alber; München;<br />
ISBN 3495478531; Grundsätze der Wissenschaftstheorie.<br />
93) Körner, Stephan: Erfahrung und Theorie; 1. Aufl.; 1970; Suhrkamp; Frankfurt am Main;<br />
ISBN 3518570633; Ein wissenschaftstheoretischer Versuch.<br />
94) Weizsäcker, Carl Friedrich von: Zeit und Wissen; 1. Aufl.; 1992; Carl Hanser; München,<br />
Wien; ISBN 3446163670; gebunden.<br />
95) Weizsäcker, Carl Friedrich von: Bewusstseinswandel; 1. Aufl.; 1988; Carl Hanser; München,<br />
Wien; ISBN 3446146490; gebunden.<br />
96) Swinburne, Richard: Gibt es einen Gott?; 1. deutsche Aufl.; 2006; On<strong>to</strong>s; Heusenstamm;<br />
ISBN 3937202919; Englisch: Is there a God?, 1996.<br />
97) Russ, Jaqueline: Les méthodes en philosophie; Cinquième tirage; 1992; Armand Colin;<br />
Paris; ISBN 220033088X; Taschenbuch.<br />
98) Jonas, Hans: Wissenschaft als persönliches Erlebnis; 1. Aufl.; 1987; Vandenhoeck &<br />
Ruprecht; Göttingen; ISBN 3525013426; Sammlung Vandenhoeck.<br />
99) Brüntrup, Godehard: Das Leib-Seele-Problem; 1. Aufl.; 1996; Kohlhammer; Stuttgart;<br />
ISBN 3170140051; Eine Einführung.<br />
100) Ulke, Karl-Dieter: Vorbilder im Denken; 1. Aufl.; 1988; Kösel; München; ISBN<br />
3466400627; 32 Porträts großer Philosophen.<br />
101) Kühn, Manfred: Kant; 1. Aufl.; 2003; C. H. Beck; München; ISBN 3406509185; Eine<br />
Biographie.<br />
102) Sollbach, Armin: Erhabene Kunst der Vernunft; 1. Aufl.; 1996; Hahner Verlagsgesellschaft;<br />
Aachen-Hahn; ISBN 3892940703; gebunden.<br />
103) Gaarder, Jostein: S<strong>of</strong>ies Welt; 1. Aufl.; 1993; Carl Hanser; München, Wien; ISBN<br />
3446173471; Roman über die Geschichte der Philosophie.<br />
104) Berner, Knut: Theorie des Bösen; 1. Aufl.; 2004; Neukirchener Verlag; Neukirchen-<br />
Vluyn; ISBN 3788720476; Zur Hermeneutik destruktiver Verknüpfungen.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 120 <strong>of</strong> 154
105) Mann, Golo; Heuss, Alfred (Hrsg.): Propyläen Weltgeschichte Band I/1; Taschenbuchausgabe;<br />
1976; Ullstein; Frankfurt am Main; ISBN 3548047211; Vorgeschichte - Frühe<br />
Hochkulturen.<br />
106) Mann, Golo; Heuss, Alfred (Hrsg.): Propyläen Weltgeschichte Band I/2; Taschenbuchausgabe;<br />
1976; Ullstein; Frankfurt am Main; ISBN 3548047211; Vorgeschichte - Frühe<br />
Hochkulturen.<br />
107) Mann, Golo; Heuss, Alfred (Hrsg.): Propyläen Weltgeschichte Band II/1; Taschenbuchausgabe;<br />
1976; Ullstein; Frankfurt am Main; ISBN 3548047238; Hochkulturen des mittleren<br />
und östlichen Asiens.<br />
108) Mann, Golo; Heuss, Alfred (Hrsg.): Propyläen Weltgeschichte Band II/2; Taschenbuchausgabe;<br />
1976; Ullstein; Frankfurt am Main; ISBN 3548047246; Hochkulturen des mittleren<br />
und östlichen Asiens.<br />
109) Mann, Golo; Heuss, Alfred (Hrsg.): Propyläen Weltgeschichte Band III/1; Taschenbuchausgabe;<br />
1976; Ullstein; Frankfurt am Main; ISBN 3548047254; Griechenland - Die hellenistische<br />
Welt.<br />
110) Mann, Golo; Heuss, Alfred (Hrsg.): Propyläen Weltgeschichte Band III/2; Taschenbuchausgabe;<br />
1976; Ullstein; Frankfurt am Main; ISBN 3548047262; Griechenland - Die hellenistische<br />
Welt.<br />
111) Mann, Golo; Heuss, Alfred (Hrsg.): Propyläen Weltgeschichte Band IV/1; Taschenbuchausgabe;<br />
1976; Ullstein; Frankfurt am Main; ISBN 3548047270; Rom - Die römische<br />
Welt.<br />
112) Mann, Golo; Heuss, Alfred (Hrsg.): Propyläen Weltgeschichte Band IV/2; Taschenbuchausgabe;<br />
1976; Ullstein; Frankfurt am Main; ISBN 3548047289; Rom - Die römische<br />
Welt.<br />
113) Mann, Golo; Heuss, Alfred (Hrsg.): Propyläen Weltgeschichte Band V/1; Taschenbuchausgabe;<br />
1976; Ullstein; Frankfurt am Main; ISBN 3548047297; Islam - Die Entstehung Europas.<br />
114) Mann, Golo; Heuss, Alfred (Hrsg.): Propyläen Weltgeschichte Band V/2; Taschenbuchausgabe;<br />
1976; Ullstein; Frankfurt am Main; ISBN 35480472997; Islam - Die Entstehung<br />
Europas.<br />
115) Mann, Golo; Heuss, Alfred (Hrsg.): Propyläen Weltgeschichte Band VI/1; Taschenbuchausgabe;<br />
1976; Ullstein; Frankfurt am Main; ISBN 3548047319; Weltkulturen - Renaissance<br />
in Europa.<br />
116) Mann, Golo; Heuss, Alfred (Hrsg.): Propyläen Weltgeschichte Band VI/II; Taschenbuchausgabe;<br />
1976; Ullstein; Frankfurt am Main; ISBN 3548047327; Weltkulturen - Renaissance<br />
in Europa.<br />
117) Mann, Golo; Heuss, Alfred (Hrsg.): Propyläen Weltgeschichte Band VII/1; Taschenbuchausgabe;<br />
1976; Ullstein; Frankfurt am Main; ISBN 3548047335; Von der Reformation<br />
zur Revolution.<br />
118) Mann, Golo; Heuss, Alfred (Hrsg.): Propyläen Weltgeschichte Band VII/2; Taschenbuchausgabe;<br />
1976; Ullstein; Frankfurt am Main; ISBN 3548047343; Von der Reformation<br />
zur Revolution.<br />
119) Mann, Golo; Heuss, Alfred (Hrsg.): Propyläen Weltgeschichte Band VIII/1; Taschenbuchausgabe;<br />
1976; Ullstein; Frankfurt am Main; ISBN 3548047351; Das neunzehnte Jahrhundert.<br />
120) Mann, Golo; Heuss, Alfred (Hrsg.): Propyläen Weltgeschichte Band VIII/2;<br />
Taswchenbuchausgabe; 1976; Ullstein; Frankfurt am Main; ISBN 3548147364; Das neunzehnte<br />
Jahrhundert.<br />
121) Mann, Golo; Heuss, Alfred (Hrsg.): Propyläen Weltgeschichte Band IX/1; Taschenbuchausgabe;<br />
1976; Ullstein; Frankfurt am Main; ISBN 3548047378; Das zwanzigste Jahrhundert.<br />
122) Mann, Golo; Heuss, Alfred (Hrsg.): Propyläen Weltgeschichte Band IX/2; Taschenbuchausgabe;<br />
1976; Ullstein; Frankfurt am Main; ISBN 3548047384; Das zwanzigste Jahrhundert.<br />
123) Mann, Golo; Heuss, Alfred (Hrsg.): Propyläen Weltgeschichte Band X/1; Taschenbuchausgabe;<br />
1976; Ullstein; Frankfurt am Main; ISBN 3548047394; Die Welt von heute.<br />
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124) Mann, Golo; Heuss, Alfred (Hrsg.): Propyläen Weltgeschichte Band X/2; Taschenbuchausgabe;<br />
1976; Ullstein; Frankfurt am Main; ISBN 3548047408; Die Welt von heute.<br />
125) Mann, Golo; Heuss, Alfred (Hrsg.): Propyläen Weltgeschichte Band XI/1; Taschenbuchausgabe;<br />
1976; Ullstein; Frankfurt am Main; ISBN 3548047416; Summa His<strong>to</strong>rica.<br />
126) Mann, Golo; Heuss, Alfred (Hrsg.): Propyläen Weltgeschichte Band XI/2; Taschenbuchausgabe;<br />
1976; Ullstein; Frankfurt am Main; ISBN 3548047424; Summa His<strong>to</strong>rica.<br />
127) Reiners, Ludwig: Stilkunst; Ungekürzte Sonderausgabe; 1980; C. H. Beck; München;<br />
ISBN 3406025250; Ein Lehrbuch deutscher Prosa.<br />
128) Gregor-Dellin, Martin (Hrsg.): Deutsche Schulzeit; 1. Aufl.; 1979; Nymphenburger Verlagshandlung;<br />
München; ISBN 3485003530; Erinnerungen und Erzählungen aus drei Jahrhunderten.<br />
129) Ende, Michael: Die unendliche Geschichte; 1. Aufl.; 1979; Thienemann; Stuttgart; ISBN<br />
3522128001; gebunden.<br />
130) Ende, Michael: Momo; 7. Aufl.; 1977; Thienemann; Stuttgart; ISBN 3522119401; Märchen-Roman.<br />
131) Sager, Peter: Realismus; 4. Aufl.; 1982; DuMont; Köln; ISBN 3770106563; Kunst zwischen<br />
Illusion und Wirklichkeit.<br />
132) Biermann, Kurt-R.: Carl Friedrich Gauß; 1. Aufl.; 1990; C. H. Beck; München; ISBN<br />
340634240X; Der "Fürst der Mathematiker" in Briefen und Gesprächen.<br />
133) Reich-Ranicki, Marcel (Hrsg.): Anbruch der Gegenwart; 1. Aufl.; 1987; Piper; München;<br />
ISBN 3492018920; Deutsche Geschichten 1900-1918.<br />
134) Scharnagl, Hermann: Geheimnisse aus dem Kloster; 1. Aufl.; 2005; Gondrom; Bindlach;<br />
ISBN 3811224905; Gesundheit und Lebenskunst aus der Stille.<br />
135) Fessler, Beate: Der neue Medikamentenführer; 2. Aufl.; 1999; Südwest; München;<br />
ISBN 3517076805; Das Arzneimittel-Standardwerk zum Nachschlagen: Über 1900 Wirks<strong>to</strong>ffe<br />
und Medikamente.<br />
136) Ameln, Falko von: Konstruktivismus; 1. Aufl.; 2004; A. Francke; Tübingen, Basel; ISBN<br />
3772033644; Die Grundlagen systematischer Therapie, Beratung und Bildungsarbeit.<br />
137) Müller, Horst M. (Hrsg.): Arbeitsbuch Linguistik; 1. Aufl.; 2002; Ferdinand Schöningh;<br />
Paderborn; ISBN 3506970070; UTB 2169.<br />
138) Greene, Brian: Der S<strong>to</strong>ff, aus dem der Kosmos ist; 1. Aufl.; 2006; Pantheon; München;<br />
ISBN 3570550028; Raum, Zeit und die Beschaffenheit der Wirklichkeit.<br />
139) Kinder, Hermann; Hilgemann, Werner: dtv-Atlas zur Weltgeschichte Band II; 14. Aufl.;<br />
1979; Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag; München; ISBN 342303002X; Von der Französischen<br />
Revolution bis zur Gegenwart.<br />
140) Franke, Hermann (Hrsg.): dtv-Lexikon der Physik Band 1; Lizenzausgabe; 1970; Deutscher<br />
Taschenbuch Verlag; München; ISBN 3423030410; A - B.<br />
141) Franke, Hermann (Hrsg.): dtv-Lexikon der Physik Band 2; Lizenzausgabe; 1970; Deutscher<br />
Taschenbuch Verlag; München; ISBN 3423030429; C - El.<br />
142) Franke, Hermann (Hrsg.): dtv-Lexikon der Physik Band 3; Lizenzausgabe; 1970; Deutscher<br />
Taschenbuch Verlag; München; ISBN 3423030437; Em - Glo.<br />
143) Franke, Hermann (Hrsg.): dtv-Lexikon der Physik Band 4; Lizenzausgabe; 1970; Deutscher<br />
Taschenbuch Verlag; München; ISBN 3423030445; Glu - Kel.<br />
144) Franke, Hermann (Hrsg.): dtv-Lexikon der Physik Band 5; Lizenzausgabe; 1970; Deutscher<br />
Taschenbuch Verlag; München; ISBN 342303045?; Ken - Lic.<br />
145) Franke, Hermann (Hrsg.): dtv-Lexikon der Physik Band 6; Lizenzausgabe; 1970; Deutscher<br />
Taschenbuch Verlag; München; ISBN 3423030461; Lie - Oz.<br />
146) Franke, Hermann (Hrsg.): dtv-Lexikon der Physik Band 7; Lizenzausgabe; 1971; Deutscher<br />
Taschenbuch Verlag; München; ISBN 342303047X; P - Re.<br />
147) Franke, Hermann (Hrsg.): dtv-Lexikon der Physik Band 8; Lizenzausgabe; 1971; Deutscher<br />
Taschenbuch Verlag; München; ISBN 3423030488; Rh - Stra.<br />
148) Franke, Hermann (Hrsg.): dtv-Lexikon der Physik Band 9; Lizenzausgabe; 1971; Deutscher<br />
Taschenbuch Verlag; München; ISBN 3423030496; Stre - Vir.<br />
149) Franke, Hermann (Hrsg.): dtv-Lexikon der Physik Band 10; Lizenzausgabe; 1971;<br />
Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag; München; ISBN 342303050X; Vis - Z.<br />
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150) Asimov, Isaac: Die exakten Geheimnisse unserer Welt Band 1; 1. Aufl.; 1988; Knaur;<br />
München; ISBN 3426039214; Kosmos, Erde, Materie, Technik.<br />
151) Asimov, Isaac: Die exakten Geheimnisse unserer Welt Band 2; 1. Aufl.; 1988; Knaur;<br />
München; ISBN 3426039222; Bausteine des Lebens.<br />
152) Marsch, Friederike; Marsch, Detlef: Physik für Krankenpflegeberufe; 4., durchgesehene<br />
Aufl.; 1992; Thieme; Stuttgart; ISBN 3135833046; 74 Abbildungen.<br />
153) Sexl, Roman; Sexl, Hannelore: Weiße Zwerge - Schwarze Löcher; 2., erw. Aufl.; 1984;<br />
Vieweg; Braunschweig; ISBN 3528172142; Einführung in die relativistische Astrophysik.<br />
154) Berninger, Ernst H.: Ot<strong>to</strong> Hahn; 1. Aufl.; 1979; Rowohlt; Reinbek; ISBN 3499502046;<br />
Monographie.<br />
155) Einstein, Albert: Über die spezielle und <strong>all</strong>gemeine Relativitätstheorie; 21. Aufl.; 1982;<br />
Vieweg; Braunschweig; ISBN 352806059X; Band 59.<br />
156) Fölsing, Albrecht: Albert Einstein; 1. Aufl.; 1995; Suhrkamp; Frankfurt am Main; ISBN<br />
3518389904; Eine Biographie.<br />
157) Cramer, Friedrich: Der Zeitbaum; 1. Aufl.; 1996; Insel; Frankfurt am Main; ISBN<br />
3458335498; Grundlegung einer <strong>all</strong>gemeinen Zeittheorie.<br />
158) Davies, Paul: Prinzip Chaos; 1. Aufl.; 1990; Goldmann; München; ISBN 3442114691;<br />
Die neue Ordnung des Kosmos.<br />
159) Davies, Paul: Gott und die moderne Physik; 1. Aufl.; 1989; Goldmann; München; ISBN<br />
3442114764; Taschenbuch.<br />
160) Pitsch, Werner Josef: Chemie für Krankenpflegeberufe; 3., überarb. Aufl.; 1992; Thieme;<br />
Stuttgart; ISBN 313663103X; 66 Abbildungen, 10 Tabellen.<br />
161) Hermann, Peter: Allgemeine und Anorganische Chemie; 5. Aufl.; 1993; Gustav Fischer;<br />
Jena; ISBN 3334002373; Einführung für Biologen, Mediziner und Pharmazeuten.<br />
162) Weizsäcker, Carl Friedrich von: Aufbau der Physik; 1. Aufl.; 1988; Deutscher Taschenbuch<br />
Verlag; München; ISBN 3423108991; Taschenbuch.<br />
163) Weizsäcker, Carl Friedrich von: Die Einheit der Natur; 3. Aufl.; 1983; Deutscher Taschenbuch<br />
Verlag; München; ISBN 346611386X; Studien.<br />
164) Görnitz, Thomas: Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker; 1. Aufl.; 1992; Herder; Freiburg; ISBN<br />
3451041251; Ein Denker an der Schwelle zum neuen Jahrtausend.<br />
165) Ditfurth, Hoimar von: Wir sind nicht nur von dieser Welt; 7. Aufl.; 1990; Deutscher Taschenbuch<br />
Verlag; München; ISBN 342310290X; Naturwissenschaft, Religion und die Zukunft<br />
des Menschen.<br />
166) Vester, Frederic: Phänomen Stress; 5. Aufl.; 1983; Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag;<br />
München; ISBN 3421026831; Wo liegt sein Ursprung, warum ist er lebenswichtig, wodurch<br />
ist er entartet?.<br />
167) Vester, Frederic: Neuland des Denkens; 1. Aufl.; 1984; Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag;<br />
München; ISBN 342102703X; Vom technokratischen zum kybernetischen Zeitalter.<br />
168) Kleinschmidt, Nina; Eimler, Wolf-Michael: Wer hat das Schwein zur Sau gemacht?; 3.<br />
Aufl.; 1984; Knaur; München; ISBN 3426037238; Mafia-Methoden in der deutschen Landwirtschaft.<br />
169) Arieti, Silvano: Schizophrenie; 5. Aufl.; 1993; Piper; München; ISBN 3492107133; Ursachen,<br />
Verlauf, Therapie - Hilfen für Betr<strong>of</strong>fene.<br />
170) Wemmer, Ulrich; Korczak, Dieter: Gesundheit in Gefahr; 1. Aufl.; 1993; Fischer; Frankfurt<br />
am Main; ISBN 3596105110; Daten-Report 1993/94.<br />
171) Holtmeier, Hans-Jürgen: Gesundheit aus dem Meer; 1. Aufl.; 1983; Molden; München;<br />
ISBN 3889190227; Ratgeber.<br />
172) Flechtner, Hans-Joachim: Grundbegriffe der Kybernetik; 5. Aufl.; 1984; Deutscher Taschenbuch<br />
Verlag; München; ISBN 3423044225; Eine Einführung.<br />
173) Burnett, Frances: Der kleine Lord; 1. Aufl.; 1972; Knaur; München; ISBN 3426011042;<br />
Mit 29 Bildern von Martin und Ruth Koser-Michaels.<br />
174) Dannenberg, Hans-Dieter: Schwein haben; 1. Aufl.; 1990; Gustav Fischer; Jena; ISBN<br />
3334002985; His<strong>to</strong>risches und Histörchen vom Schwein.<br />
175) Musil, Robert: Gesammelte Werke 3; 1. Aufl.; 1978; Rowohlt; Reinbek; ISBN<br />
3499300036; Der Mann ohne Eigenschaften.<br />
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176) Musil, Robert: Gesammelte Werke 4; 1. Aufl.; 1978; Rowohlt; Reinbek; ISBN<br />
3499300044; Der Mann ohne Eigenschaften.<br />
177) Musil, Robert: Gesammelte Werke 5; 1. Aufl.; 1978; Rowohlt; Reinbek; ISBN<br />
3499300052; Der Mann ohne Eigenschaften.<br />
178) Musil, Robert: Gesammelte Werke 6; 1. Aufl.; 1978; Rowohlt; Reinbek; ISBN<br />
3499300060; Prosa und Stücke.<br />
179) Musil, Robert: Gesammelte Werke 7; 1. Aufl.; 1978; Rowohlt; Reinbek; ISBN<br />
3499300079; Kleine Prosa - Aphorismen - Au<strong>to</strong>biographisches.<br />
180) Musil, Robert: Gesammelte Werke 8; 1. Aufl.; 1978; Rowohlt; Reinbek; ISBN<br />
3499300087; Essays und Reden.<br />
181) Bundesministerium des Innern (Hrsg.): Was Sie schon immer über Umweltschutz wissen<br />
wollten; 2. Aufl.; 1981; Kohlhammer; Stuttgart; ISBN 3170072595; Aufklärung der Öffentlichkeit<br />
in Umweltfragen.<br />
182) Falke, Jutta; Kaspar, Ulrich (Hrsg.): Politiker beschimpfen Politiker; 2., durchges. Aufl.;<br />
1998; Reclam; Leipzig; ISBN 3379016179; Mit einem Nachwort von Heiner Geißler.<br />
183) Lucas, Manfred: Arbeitszeugnisse richtig deuten; 17., aktualisierte Aufl.; 1997; Econ;<br />
Düsseldorf; ISBN 3612213105; Taschenbuch.<br />
184) Heinser, Bernhard (Hrsg.): Weihnachten; 7. Aufl.; 1995; Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag;<br />
München; ISBN 3423240008; Prosa aus der Weltliteratur.<br />
185) ohne Angaben: Marco Polo Reiseführer; 1. Aufl.; 1997; Mairs Geographischer Verlag;<br />
Ostfildern; ISBN 3895254401; Die wichtigsten Sprachen.<br />
186) Kammer, Hilde; Bartsch, Elisabet: Jugendlexikon Politik; 2., akt. und. erw. Aufl.; 1977;<br />
Rowohlt; Reinbek; ISBN 3499161834; 800 einfache Antworten auf schwierige Fragen.<br />
187) Chen, Chao-Hsiu: Feng Shui; 3. Aufl.; 1996; Wilhelm Heyne; München; ISBN<br />
345310997X; Gesund und glücklich wohnen in Buddhas Haus und Garten.<br />
188) James, Paul: Prince Edward; 1. Aufl.; 1995; Lübbe; Bergisch Gladbach; ISBN<br />
340461321X; Der jüngste Sohn der Queen.<br />
189) Ferguson, Sarah: Meine Geschichte; 3. Aufl.; 1996; Lübbe; Bergisch Gladbach; ISBN<br />
3404126505; Aufgeschrieben von Jeff Coplon.<br />
190) Lexikonredaktion des Franz Schneider Verlages (Hrsg.): Reiten A - Z; 1. Aufl.; 1977;<br />
Franz Schneider; München; ISBN 3505077828; Das Lexikon für Pferdefreunde.<br />
191) Schäfer, Michael: Die Sprache des Pferdes; 1. Aufl.; 1980; Rowohlt; Reinbek; ISBN<br />
3499173824; Lebensweise und Ausdrucksformen.<br />
192) Smythe, R. H.: Pferdeverhalten - verständlich gemacht; 2. Aufl.; 1976; Franckh'sche<br />
Verlagshandlung; Stuttgart; ISBN 3440042391; Franckhs Reiterbibliothek.<br />
193) Zeeb, Klaus: Pferde dressiert von Fredy Knie; 1. Aufl.; 1975; Rowohlt; Reinbek; ISBN<br />
3499169290; Eine Verhaltensstudie.<br />
194) Stern, Horst: Bemerkungen über Pferde; Unkekürzte Ausgabe; 1977; Rowohlt; Reinbek;<br />
ISBN 3499168413; Taschenbuch.<br />
195) Podhajsky, Alois: Die klassische Reitkunst; 1. Aufl.; 1980; Rowohlt; Reinbek; ISBN<br />
349917037X; Eine Reitlehre von den Anfängen bis zur Vollendung.<br />
196) Berg, Dagmar von (Hrsg.): Reiterbrevier; 1. Aufl.; 1979; Wilhelm Heyne; München;<br />
ISBN 3453420618; Taschenbuch.<br />
197) Einstein, Albert: Mein Weltbild; Unveränd. Ausg.; 1989; Ullstein; Frankfurt am Main;<br />
ISBN 3548346839; Hrsg. von Carl Seelig.<br />
198) Einstein, Albert; Born, Hedwig; Born, Max: Briefwechsel 1916-1955; Ungekürzte Ausg.;<br />
1986; Ullstein; Frankfurt am Main; ISBN 3548343457; Geleitwort von Bertrand Russell, Vorwort<br />
von Werner Heisenberg.<br />
199) Wenzel-Bürger, Eva: Gottlieb Engel; 1. Aufl.; 1989; Carlsen; Hamburg; ISBN<br />
3551035954; Pixi-Buch.<br />
200) Drösser, Chris<strong>to</strong>ph: Fuzzy Logic; 1. Aufl.; 1995; Rowohlt; Reinbek; ISBN 3499196190;<br />
Methodische Einführung in krauses Denken.<br />
201) Krishnamurti, Jiddu: Fragen und Antworten; 3. Aufl.; 1986; Goldmann; München; ISBN<br />
3442117534; und sein Gespräch mit Pr<strong>of</strong>. David Bohm über das Erwachen der Intelligenz.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 124 <strong>of</strong> 154
202) Bibliographisches Institut Mannheim: Taschenbuch der Vornamen; 1. Aufl.; 1973; Humboldt;<br />
München; ISBN 3581662109; gekürzt aus der Originalausgabe des Duden-<br />
Taschenbuches Bd. 4: Lexikon der Vornamen.<br />
203) Whitaker, James: Charles gegen Diana; 1. Aufl.; 1993; Wilhelm Heyne; München; ISBN<br />
3453075285; Szenen einer Ehe.<br />
204) Stendhal: Le Rose et le Vert - Rosa und Grün; Originalausgabe; 1977; Deutscher Taschenbuchverlag;<br />
München; ISBN 3423091266; zweisprachig.<br />
205) Maurier, Daphne du: Meine Cousine Rachel; Ungekürzte Ausgabe; 1979; Ullstein;<br />
Frankfurt am Main; ISBN 3548032192; Roman.<br />
206) Hill, Paul: Ges<strong>to</strong>hlene Jahre; 2. Aufl.; 1991; Lübbe; Bergisch Gladbach; ISBN<br />
340461206X; Erfahrungen.<br />
207) Burkowski, Ursula: Weinen in der Dunkelheit; 8. Aufl.; 1993; Lübbe; Bergisch Gladbach;<br />
ISBN 3404612442; Erfahrungen.<br />
208) Benoit, Michel: Gefangener Gottes; 1. Aufl.; 1993; Lübbe; Bergisch Gladbach; ISBN<br />
3404612728; Erfahrungen.<br />
209) Schneider, Wolf: Der vierstöckige Hausbesitzer; Ungekürzte Ausg.; 1996; Deutscher<br />
Taschenbuch Verlag; München; ISBN 3423305479; Plauderstunde Deutsch mit 33 Fragezeichen.<br />
210) Krämer, Walter; Trenkler, Götz: Lexikon der populären Irrtümer; 8. Aufl.; 1999; Piper;<br />
München; ISBN 3492224466; 500 kapitale Missverständnisse, Vorurteile und Denkfehler von<br />
Abendrot bis Zeppelin.<br />
211) Padrutt, Hanspeter: Der epochale Winter; Vom Au<strong>to</strong>r durchges. Neuaufl.; 1997; Diogenes;<br />
Zürich; ISBN 3257218451; Zeitgemäße Betrachtungen.<br />
212) Thüsen, Heidi Bohnet-von der (Hrsg.): Denkanstöße '90; Originalausgabe; 1989; Piper;<br />
München; ISBN 3492110584; Ein Lesebuch aus Philosophie, Natur- und Humanwissenschaften.<br />
213) Lorenz, Konrad: Die acht Todsünden der zivilisierten Menschheit; 21. Aufl.; 1989; Piper;<br />
München; ISBN 3492100503; Taschenbuch.<br />
214) Nasemann, Andrea: Guter Rat bei der Wohnungssuche; 1. Aufl.; 1997; C. H. Beck;<br />
München; ISBN 3423506180; Rechtsfragen zu Wohnungsvermittlung, Abschluss und Inhalt<br />
des Mietvertrages, Wohngeld und Umzug.<br />
215) Eysenck, Hans Jürgen: Intelligenz-Test; 185.-194. Tausend; 1988; Rowohlt; Reinbek;<br />
ISBN 3499168782; Taschenbuch.<br />
216) Zeller, Alfred P. (Red.): 1000 Fragen - 1000 Antworten; Neuaufl.; 1987; Delphin; München;<br />
ISBN 3773531141; Taschenbuch.<br />
217) Rühmann, Heinz: Das war's; Ungekürzte Ausgabe; 1985; Ullstein; Frankfurt am Main;<br />
ISBN 3548205216; Erinnerungen.<br />
218) Browne, Dik: Hägar der Schreckliche; 5. Aufl.; 1992; Goldmann; München; ISBN<br />
3442119731; Harte Zeiten, Ein Mann - ein Wort, Ohne Furcht und Tadel.<br />
219) Lust, Thea: Gehe ins Rathaus und ärgere dich täglich; Originalausg.; 1987; Rowohlt;<br />
Reinbek; ISBN 3499159864; Ein Behörden-Abenteuer-Buchspiel.<br />
220) Marcks, Marie: Schöne Aussichten; 2. Aufl.; 1984; Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag;<br />
München; ISBN 3423101954; Karikaturen.<br />
221) Bruno, Rainer: MS Duz; Originalausg.; 1991; Rowohlt; Reinbek; ISBN 3499129124;<br />
Computisch für Hochstapler.<br />
222) Stein, Uli: O Mann!; Originalausg.; 1984; Knaur; München; ISBN 3426021293; 99 Zacken<br />
aus der Krone der Schöpfung.<br />
223) Stein, Uli: Leicht behämmert; 2. Aufl.; 1989; Lappan; Oldenburg; ISBN 345302401X;<br />
Erfindungen, die uns gerade noch gefehlt haben.<br />
224) Traxler, Hans: Gmbh & Kohl KG; 1. Aufl.; 1984; Schirmer-Mosel; München; ISBN<br />
3888141559; Diesem...,unserem Lande!.<br />
225) Wandrey, Uwe (Hrsg.): Heilig Abend zusammen!; 50.-59. Tsd.; 1985; Rowohlt; Reinbek;<br />
ISBN 3499150476; Ein garstiges Allerlei.<br />
226) Bosc: Love and Order; Deutsche Ausgabe; 1973; Diogenes; Zürich; ISBN 3257200668;<br />
Car<strong>to</strong>ons.<br />
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227) Tennant, Rich: Computer sind auch nur Menschen; 1. Aufl.; 1993; Goldmann; München;<br />
ISBN 3442079926; Car<strong>to</strong>ons.<br />
228) Haffner, Sebastian: Geschichte eines Deutschen; 1. Aufl.; 2002; Deutscher Taschenbuch<br />
Verlag; München; ISBN 3423308486; Die Erinnerungen 1914-1933.<br />
229) Walsch, Neale Donald: Gespräche mit Gott Band 1; 1. Aufl.; 2006; Goldmann; München;<br />
ISBN 3442217865; Ein ungewöhnlicher Dialog.<br />
230) Walsch, Neale Donald: Gespräche mit Gott Band 2; 13. Aufl.; 1998; Goldmann; München;<br />
ISBN 3442336120; Gesellschaft und Bewusstseinswandel.<br />
231) Walsch, Neale Donald: Gespräche mit Gott Band 3; 10. Aufl.; 1999; Goldmann; München;<br />
ISBN 3442336279; Kosmische Weisheit.<br />
232) Walsch, Neale Donald: Zuhause in Gott; 1. Aufl.; 2006; Goldmann; München; ISBN<br />
3442337623; Über das Leben nach dem Tode.<br />
233) H<strong>of</strong>stadter, Douglas R.: Gödel, Escher, Bach; 8. Aufl.; 1986; Klett-Cotta; Stuttgart; ISBN<br />
360893037X; ein endloses geflochtenes Band.<br />
234) H<strong>of</strong>stadter, Douglas R.: Metamagicum; 1. Aufl.; 1988; Klett-Cotta; Stuttgart; ISBN<br />
3608930892; Fragen nach der Essenz von Geist und Struktur.<br />
235) Pelletier, Robert: Das Buch der Aspekte; 1. Aufl.; 1985; Hugendubel; München; ISBN<br />
3880342776; Astrologie.<br />
236) Fankhauser, Alfred: Horoskopie; 4. Aufl.; 1985; Orell Füssli; Zürich; ISBN 3280015693;<br />
Mit 40 Figuren.<br />
237) Hand, Robert: Das Buch der Transite; 1. Aufl.; 1984; Hugendubel; München; ISBN<br />
3880342415; Lebenzyklen erkennen und nutzen.<br />
238) Fellowship, Rosicrucian: Ephemerides 1900-2000; 3rd ed.; 1984; Maison Rosicrucienne;<br />
Aubenas; ISBN 2902450206; Astrologie.<br />
239) Prónay, Alexander von: Die große Partnerschafts-Analyse; 2. Aufl.; 1990; Rohm; Bietigheim;<br />
ISBN 3876831237; Die Beziehungen zwischen den Menschen im<br />
Horoskopvergleich.<br />
240) Sachs, Gunter: Die Akte Astrologie; 3. Aufl.; 1997; Goldmann; München; ISBN<br />
3442307465; Wissenschaftlicher Nachweis eines Zusammenhangs zwischen den Sternzeichen<br />
und dem menschlichen Verhalten.<br />
241) Banzhaf, Hajo; Haebler, Anna: Schlüsselworte zur Astrologie; 1. Aufl.; 1994; Hugendubel;<br />
München; ISBN 3880347638; gebunden.<br />
242) Kühn, Volker; Walter, Günter: "Ich bejahe die Frage rundherum mit Ja"; 1. Aufl.; 1985;<br />
Rasch & Röhring; Hamburg; ISBN 3891360398; Einführung in die Kanzlersprache - Mit Kohl-<br />
Kode.<br />
243) Strunz, Ulrich: Forever Young; 5. Aufl.; 2004; Gräfe & Unzer; München; ISBN<br />
3774240019; Das Ernährungsprogramm.<br />
244) Sheldrake, Rupert: Das Gedächtnis der Natur; 4. Aufl.; 1991; Scherz; Bern, München,<br />
Wien; ISBN 3502136505; Das Geheimnis der Entstehung der Formen in der Natur.<br />
245) Blavatsky, Helena Petrowna: Die Geheimlehre; 3. Aufl.; 1992; Adyar; Satteldorf; ISBN<br />
3927837113; Gekürzte Ausgabe.<br />
246) Chown, Marcus: Das Universum nebenan; 1. Aufl.; 2003; Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag;<br />
München; ISBN 3423243651; Revolutionäre Ideen in der Astrophysik.<br />
247) Brothers, Joyce; Eagan, Edward P. F.: In 10 Tagen zum vollkommenen Gedächtnis;<br />
Genehmigte Lizenzausg.; 2001; Weltbild; Augsburg; ISBN 3893509631; gebunden.<br />
248) Werner, Günther T.; Nelles, Michaele: Rückenschule; 5. Aufl.; 2003; Gräfe & Unzer;<br />
München; ISBN 3774218005; Endlich schmerzfrei und entspannt.<br />
249) Schonert-Hirz, Sabine: Alles wollen, <strong>all</strong>es können, <strong>all</strong>es schaffen energy; 4. Aufl.; 2005;<br />
Gräfe & Unzer; München; ISBN 3774232296; Stress in Energie umwandeln - Innere Kraftquellen<br />
entdecken - Ziele sicher erreichen.<br />
250) Medawar, Peter B.: Ratschläge für einen jungen Wissenschaftler; 1. Aufl.; 1984; Piper;<br />
München; ISBN 3492028675; gebunden.<br />
251) Jelínek, J.: Das große Bilderlexikon des Menschen in der Vorzeit; 1. Aufl.; 1975; Bertelsmann;<br />
Gütersloh; ISBN 3570031500; gebunden.<br />
252) Öztürk, Yasar Nuri: 400 Fragen zum Islam 400 Antworten; 3. Aufl.; 2003; Grupello;<br />
Düsseldorf; ISBN 3933749174; Ein Handbuch.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 126 <strong>of</strong> 154
253) Wolf, Notker: Worauf warten wir?; 1. Aufl.; 2006; Rowohlt; Reinbek; ISBN 3499620944;<br />
Ketzerische Gedanken zu Deutschland.<br />
254) Frankl, Vik<strong>to</strong>r E.: Der unbewusste Gott; 8. Aufl.; 2006; Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag;<br />
München; ISBN 342335058X; Psychotherapie und Religion.<br />
255) Schellenbaum, Peter: Gottesbilder; 3. Aufl.; 2004; Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag;<br />
München; ISBN 3423340797; Religion, Psychoanalyse, Tiefenpsychologie.<br />
256) Wetzig-Würth, Herta; Müller, Peter: Das psychotherapeutische Gespräch; 1. Aufl.;<br />
2000; Springer; Berlin; ISBN 3540672516; Therapeutisch wirksame Dialoge in der Arztpraxis.<br />
257) Dieterich, Michael: Seelsorge kompakt; 1. Aufl.; 2006; Brockhaus; Wuppertal; ISBN<br />
3417249465; Zehn Grundlagen für eine ganzheitlich orientierte Beratung und Therapie.<br />
258) Becker, Volker J.: Gottes geheime Gedanken; 1. Aufl.; 2006; Books on Demand; Norderstedt;<br />
ISBN 3833448059; Was uns westliche Physik und östliche Mystik über Gott und<br />
Geist, Urkn<strong>all</strong> und Universum, Sinn und Sein sagen können.<br />
259) Ot<strong>to</strong>, Rudolf: Das Heilige; 41.-44. Tsd.; 1979; C. H. Beck; München; ISBN 3406025234;<br />
Über das Irrationale in der Idee des Göttlichen und sein Verhältnis zum Rationalen.<br />
260) Augustinus, Aurelius: Aufstieg zu Gott; 1. Aufl.; 2001; Patmos; Düsseldorf; ISBN<br />
3491703328; Hrsg., eing. und übers. von Ladislaus Boros.<br />
261) Henry, Gray; Marriott, Susannah: Perlen des Glaubens; 1. Aufl.; 2003; Hugendubel;<br />
München; ISBN 3720523810; Wege zu Meditation und Spiritualität: Rosenkränze, Gebetsketten<br />
und heilige Worte.<br />
262) Lauxmann, Frieder: Wonach sollen wir uns richten?; 1. Aufl.; 2002; Kreuz; Stuttgart;<br />
ISBN 3783121140; Ethische Grundmodelle von den Zehn Geboten bis zum Projekt Weltethos.<br />
263) Lauxmann, Frieder: Die Philosophie der Weisheit; 1. Aufl.; 2002; Nymphenburger; München;<br />
ISBN 3485009229; Die andere Art zu denken.<br />
264) Eastman, Dick: Wunder sind mir kein Problem; 1. Aufl.; 1998; Hänssler; Neuhausen-<br />
Stuttgart; ISBN 3775128794; Wie Gott jedes Haus erreicht.<br />
265) Mertz, Bernd A.: Das Grundwissen der Astrologie; 1. Aufl.; 1999; Seehamer; Weyarn;<br />
ISBN 3934058043; Persönlichkeit, Lebensplan, Partnerschaft, Zukunft.<br />
266) Taeger, Hans Hinrich: Astroenergetik; 1. Aufl.; 1983; Papyrus; Hamburg; ISBN<br />
3922731112; Die zwölf kosmischen Energien.<br />
267) Ebertin, Reinhold: Kombination der Gestirneinflüsse; 12. Aufl.; 1983; Ebertin; Freiburg;<br />
ISBN 3871860506; Astrologie.<br />
268) Ring, Thomas: Astrologische Menschenkunde III; 6. Aufl.; 1984; Bauer; Freiburg; ISBN<br />
3762604231; Kombinationslehre.<br />
269) Andrieu, Irène: Karma im Horoskop; 1. Aufl.; 1989; Hugendubel; München; ISBN<br />
3880344388; Die Deutung von Mondknoten, rückläufigen Planeten und Karmaregenten.<br />
270) Huber, Bruno: Intelligenz im Horoskop; 1. Aufl.; 1981; Astrologisch-Psychologisches<br />
Institut; Adliswil; ISBN 3855231070; Au<strong>to</strong>didacta No. 107.<br />
271) Muckenschnabel, W. R.: Was die Handschrift verrät; Sonderausg.; 1986; Gondrom;<br />
Bindlach; ISBN 3811204572; Graphologie.<br />
272) Klages, Ludwig: Handschrift und Charakter; 28. Aufl.; 1982; Bouvier; Bonn; ISBN<br />
3416003128; Gemeinverständlicher Abriss der graphologischen Technik.<br />
273) Bonert, Klaus W.; Bielkine, Helga; Hand, Robert: Ephemeride 1850-2050; 2., neu<br />
berechn. Aufl.; 1988; Astron; Hamburg; ISBN 3925822003; Der Asteroiden Ceres, P<strong>all</strong>as,<br />
Juno, Vesta und von Cheiron, Isis.<br />
274) Ebertin, Reinhold: Direktionen - Mitgestalter des Schicksals; 12. Aufl.; 1988; Ebertin;<br />
Freiburg; ISBN 3871860700; Astrologie.<br />
275) Stein, Zane B.: Chiron; 2., erw. Aufl.; 1988; Chiron; Dusslingen; ISBN 3925100067; Astrologie.<br />
276) Rudhyar, Dane: Das astrologische Häusersystem; 3. Aufl.; 1984; Hugendubel; München;<br />
ISBN 3880340994; Das Spektrum der individuellen Erfahrung.<br />
277) Rohr, Richard; Ebert, Andreas: Das Enneagramm; 28. Aufl.; 1996; Claudius; München;<br />
ISBN 353262088X; Die 9 Gesichter der Seele.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 127 <strong>of</strong> 154
278) Wheeler, Mortimer: Römische Kunst und Architektur; 1. Aufl.; 1969; Droemer/Knaur;<br />
München; ASIN B0000BU5R7; Mit 215 Abbildungen, davon 60 in Farben.<br />
279) Sempé: Wie das Leben so spielt; 1. Aufl.; 1988; Diogenes; Zürich; ISBN 3257020244;<br />
Der gesellschaftliche Aufstieg des Monsieur Lambert.<br />
280) Boyn<strong>to</strong>n, Sandra: Schokolade; 1. Aufl.; 1984; DuMont; Köln; ISBN 377011522; Eine<br />
verzehrende Leidenschaft.<br />
281) Iding, Doris: Für mehr Lebensenergie - Bewusstes Atmen; 2. Aufl.; 2000; Südwest;<br />
München; ISBN 351706162X; Gesundheit und Vitalität mit der Atemtherapie.<br />
282) Denk, Roland: Neue Segelschule; 9., überarb. Aufl.; 1985; BLV Verlagsgesellschaft;<br />
München; ISBN 3405129915; Vom Anfänger zum Führerschein A/R.<br />
283) Organ, Maren (Übers.): Fit, elastisch und gesund; 17. Aufl.; 1989; H<strong>of</strong>fmann & Campe;<br />
Hamburg; ISBN 3455020305; Das tägliche Training für jedermann.<br />
284) Pollay, Heinz: Das Reiterabzeichen leicht gemacht; 3., durchges. Aufl.; 1978; BLV Verlagsgesellschaft;<br />
München; ISBN 3405119316; und <strong>all</strong>es zum Thema Reiter-Pass (FN).<br />
285) Blake, Henry: Versteh dein Pferd; 3. Aufl.; 1976; Albert Müller; Rüschlikon-Zürich; ISBN<br />
327500607X; Neue Wege der Verständigung.<br />
286) Fehringer, Ot<strong>to</strong>: Unser Pferd; 2. Aufl.; 1960; Reimer; Berlin; ASIN B0000BHYJO; Das<br />
neue Pferdebuch für <strong>all</strong>e.<br />
287) Müseler, Wilhelm: Reitlehre; 43. Aufl.; 1977; Parey; Berlin; ASIN B0000BSRGN; Mit 95<br />
Abbildungen.<br />
288) Blendinger, Wilhelm: Psychologie und Verhaltensweisen des Pferdes; 3. Aufl.; 1977;<br />
H<strong>of</strong>fmann; Heidenheim; ISBN 3873433613; mit Vergleichen aus der Psychologie anderer<br />
Tiere und des Menschen.<br />
289) Linneweh, Klaus: Kreatives Denken; 6. Aufl.; 1994; Dieter Gitzel; Rheinzabern; ISBN<br />
3921184223; Techniken und Organisation produktiver Kreativität.<br />
290) Golluch, Norbert; Kochan, Stano: Das fröhliche Frauenhasserbuch; 1. Aufl.; 1986;<br />
Eichborn; Frankfurt am Main; ISBN 3821818220; Humor.<br />
291) Mayer, Jeffrey J.: Zeitmanagement für Dummies; 2. Nachdruck; 1999; MITP; Bonn;<br />
ISBN 3826627601; mit CD-ROM.<br />
292) Metzig, Werner; Schuster, Martin: Lernen zu lernen; 4. Aufl.; 1998; Springer; Berlin;<br />
ISBN 3540646582; Lernstrategien wirkungsvoll einsetzen.<br />
293) Dobson, John H.: Learn New Testament Greek; 2nd Ed.; 1997; Bible Society; Swindon;<br />
ISBN 0564082252; with tape.<br />
294) S<strong>to</strong>ck, Leo: Langenscheidts Kurzgrammatik Altgriechisch; 12. Aufl.; 2000; Langenscheidt;<br />
Berlin; ISBN 3468350309; Das Wichtigste aus der Grammatik mit praktischen Beispielen.<br />
295) Kaiser, Birgit (Bearb.): Langenscheidts Grammatiktafel Französisch; 5. Aufl.; 2000;<br />
Langenscheidt; Berlin; ISBN 3468361513; Eine konzentrierte und übersichtliche Darstellung<br />
der Grammatik.<br />
296) Buzan, Tony: Speed Reading; 6. Aufl.; 1999; MVG; Landsberg; ISBN 3478719607;<br />
Schneller lesen, mehr verstehen, besser behalten.<br />
297) Neges, Gertrud; Neges, Richard: Kompaktwissen Management; 2., überarb. und erw.<br />
Aufl.; 1999; Wirtschaftsverlag Ueberreuter; Wien; ISBN 3706405172; Alles, was Führungskräfte<br />
wissen müssen, mit vielen F<strong>all</strong>beispielen und Checklisten.<br />
298) ohne Angaben: Die Geschichte der Familie; 1. Aufl.; 1975; ECM; Freiburg/Schweiz;<br />
ohne ISBN; Moderne Familie.<br />
299) Emde-Naegelsbach, Barbara; Zeller, Alfred P. (Bearb.): Sammeln macht Spaß; 1. Aufl.;<br />
1975; ECM; Freiburg/Schweiz; ohne ISBN; Moderne Familie.<br />
300) Weiß, Max: Schach; genehmigte Ausgabe; 1976; Buch und Zeit Verlagsgesellschaft;<br />
Köln; ohne ISBN; Einführung, Taktik, Musterspiele.<br />
301) Remarque, Erich Maria: Im Westen nichts Neues; 1. Aufl.; 1974; Ullstein; Berlin; ohne<br />
ISBN; Einführung von Hans Habe, Originalillustrationen von Gilbert Koull.<br />
302) Rochester, Jack B.; Gantz, John: Der nackte Computer; 1. Aufl.; 1984; DuMont; Köln;<br />
ISBN 3770116623; Für Laien und Fachleute, Kritiker und Enthusiasten - Erfinder, Rekorde,<br />
Geschichte, Fehler, Anekdoten, Fakten.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 128 <strong>of</strong> 154
303) Eiden, Chris<strong>to</strong>ph; Fiebelmann, Heinz; Kramer, Mike: PC Hardware; 1. Aufl.; 1997; BHV;<br />
Kaarst-Büttgen; ISBN 3893602682; Verstehen, Aufrüsten, Optimieren.<br />
304) Hansen, Hans Robert: Wirtschaftsinformatik I; 5., neubearb. und erw. Aufl.; 1986; Fischer;<br />
Stuttgart; ISBN 3437401726; Einführung in die betriebliche Datenverarbeitung.<br />
305) Göpfrich, Hans Rudolf: Wirtschaftsinformatik II; 3., völlig neubearb. und erw. Aufl.;<br />
1988; Fischer; Stuttgart; ISBN 3437401971; Strukturierte Programmierung in COBOL.<br />
306) Hansen, Hans Robert: Wirtschaftsinformatik I; 6., neubearb. und stark erw. Aufl.; 1992;<br />
Fischer; Stuttgart; ISBN 3437402862; Einführung in die betriebliche Datenverarbeitung.<br />
307) Vester, Frederic: Denken, Lernen, Vergessen; 11. Aufl.; 1984; Deutscher Taschenbuch<br />
Verlag; München; ISBN 3421026726; Was geht in unserem Kopf vor, wie lernt das Gehirn,<br />
und wann lässt es uns im Stich?.<br />
308) Bender, Hans: Parapsychologie; 28.-32. Tsd.; 1980; Fischer; Frankfurt am Main; ISBN<br />
3596263166; Ihre Ergebnisse und Probleme.<br />
309) Döbereiner, Wolfgang: Schütze; 7. Aufl.; 1981; Wilhelm Heyne; München; ISBN<br />
3453460162; 23. November - 21. Dezember.<br />
310) Eysenck, Hans Jürgen; Nias, David: Astrologie; 1. Aufl.; 1984; Deutscher Taschenbuch<br />
Verlag; München; ISBN 3423103507; Wissenschaft oder Aberglaube?.<br />
311) Prónay, Alexander von: Die Sterne haben doch recht; 1. Aufl.; 1982; Moewig; Hamburg;<br />
ISBN 381183164X; Astrologie.<br />
312) Weltenburger, Martin (Hrsg.): Das persönliche Horoskop für <strong>all</strong>e, die am 25. August<br />
geboren sind; 1. Aufl.; 1987; Das persönliche Geburtstagsbuch; München; ISBN<br />
3818411581; Astrologie.<br />
313) Bear, Sun; Wabun: Indianische Astrologie der Erde; 1. Aufl.; 1986; Goldmann; München;<br />
ISBN 3442109779; 21. Mai - 20. Juni, Hirsch, Geboren unter dem Mond der Maisaussaat,<br />
Das Medizinrad.<br />
314) Weiss, C. Joachim: Der Astrokalender 1987; 1. Aufl.; 1986; Wilhelm Heyne; München;<br />
ISBN 3453417259; Ein Jahreshoroskop für <strong>all</strong>e Sternzeichen von Januar bis Dezember.<br />
315) Heath, Ian: Das Jungfrau-Buch; 1. Aufl.; 1985; Droemer/Knaur; München; ISBN<br />
3426261715; Taschenbuch.<br />
316) Sakoian, Frances; Acker, Louis S.: Das große Lehrbuch der Astrologie; 4. Aufl.; 1982;<br />
Droemer/Knaur; München; ISBN 3426076071; Wie man Horoskope stellt und nach neuesten<br />
wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnissen Charakter und Schicksal deutet.<br />
317) ohne Angaben: Die Deutsche Ephemeride V 1961-1970; 6. Aufl.; 1982; Barth; München;<br />
ISBN 3502688052; Astrologie.<br />
318) Sargent, Lois Haines: Partnerschaftsastrologie; 1. Aufl.; 1988; Droemer/Knaur; München;<br />
ISBN 3426041847; Was Horoskope über Beziehungen zu Mitmenschen aussagen.<br />
319) Meyer, Hermann: Partnerschaft, Gesundheit und Glück in der psychologischen Astrologie;<br />
Genehmigte Taschenbuchausgabe; 1988; Wilhelm Heyne; München; ISBN 3453009371;<br />
Vorschläge zur eigenen Schicksalsgestaltung.<br />
320) Roscher, Michael: Das Buch der Horoskope; 1. Aufl.; 1990; Droemer/Knaur; München;<br />
ISBN 3426042347; 240 Horoskope bekannter Persönlichkeiten.<br />
321) Lundsted, Betty: Astrologische Aspekte; 1. Aufl.; 1988; Droemer/Knaur; München; ISBN<br />
3426041825; Ihre weibliche und männliche Seite.<br />
322) Gauquelin, Michel: Kosmische Einflüsse auf menschliches Verhalten; 1. Aufl.; 1983;<br />
Hermann Bauer; Freiburg; ISBN 3762606064; esotera Taschenbücherei.<br />
323) ohne Angaben: Alles über den Jungfrau-Menschen 24. August - 23. September; 5.<br />
Aufl.; 1979; Moewig; Rastatt; ISBN 3811869922; Wesen und Verhalten in <strong>all</strong>en Lebenslagen.<br />
324) Dietrich, Eva: Astro-Graphologie; 1. Aufl.; 1981; Goldmann; München; ISBN<br />
3442108586; Der neue Schlüssel zur Charakterdeutung und Selbsterkenntnis.<br />
325) Cobbaert, Anne-Marie: Graphologie; 1. Aufl.; 1982; Droemer/Knaur; München; ISBN<br />
3426041022; Schriften erkennen und deuten, mit 273 Schriftproben im laufenden Text.<br />
326) Ehwald, Ursula; Lauster, Peter: Handschriften deuten; 1. Aufl.; 1976; Humboldt; München;<br />
ISBN 3581662744; So beurteilt die Graphologie den Charakter, mit Testfolgen und<br />
Tips.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 129 <strong>of</strong> 154
327) Schmid, Horst: Biorhythmik; Genehmigte Sonderausgabe; 1980; Buch und Zeit; Köln;<br />
ohne ISBN; Die neue Lebenshilfe, Höhen und Tiefen der persönlichen Lebenskurven vorausberechnen<br />
und danach handeln.<br />
328) Thurber, James: Zehn goldene Regeln für das Zusammenleben/Der Hund, der die Leute<br />
biss; 1. Aufl.; 1991; Rowohlt; Reinbek; ISBN 3499130505; Taschenbuch.<br />
329) Kratz, Hans-Jürgen: Das Vorstellungsgespräch; 1. Aufl.; 1996; Walh<strong>all</strong>a; Regensburg;<br />
ISBN 3802938402; Optimal vorbereitet auf Ihren Live-Auftritt.<br />
330) Oberbeil, Klaus: Gesundheit aus der Natur - Bios<strong>to</strong>ffe; 1. Aufl.; 1998; Südwest; München;<br />
ISBN 3517080217; Mit Vitaminen, Mineralien, Spurenelementen, Enzymen und<br />
Bi<strong>of</strong>lavonoiden viele Krankheiten heilen.<br />
331) Hargreaves, Gloria; Wilson, Peggy: Die Schrift als Ausdruck der Persönlichkeit; 1. Aufl.;<br />
1985; Rowohlt; Reinbek; ISBN 3499179156; Ein graphologisches Handbuch von A-Z.<br />
332) Salny, Abbie; Grosswirth, Marvin: Das endgültige Mensa-Quiz-Buch; 1. Aufl.; 1987;<br />
DuMont; Köln; ISBN 3770117344; Für Genies und solche, die es werden wollen - mit Witz,<br />
Tempo und Wissen gegen den intelligentesten Club der Welt.<br />
333) Salberg-Steinhardt, Barbara: Die Schrift: Geschichte - Gestaltung - Anwendung; 1.<br />
Aufl.; 1983; DuMont; Köln; ISBN 377011454X; Ein Lern- und Lehrbuch für die Praxis.<br />
334) Butschkow, Peter: Viel Spaß im Büro!; 2. Aufl.; 1992; Lappan; Oldenburg; ISBN<br />
3890824102; Car<strong>to</strong>ons.<br />
335) Gaymann, Peter: Hühner auf Reisen; 1. Aufl.; 1990; Wilhelm Heyne; München; ISBN<br />
3453037022; Car<strong>to</strong>ons.<br />
336) Serebriak<strong>of</strong>f, Vic<strong>to</strong>r: Mensa Quadrat; 1. Aufl.; 1989; Wilhelm Heyne; München; ISBN<br />
3453031105; Denksportaufgaben für Hochbegabte.<br />
337) Knieß, Michael: Kreativitätstechniken; 1. Aufl.; 2006; Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag;<br />
München; ISBN 3423509066; Methoden und Übungen.<br />
338) Weisbach, Christian-Rainer: Pr<strong>of</strong>essionelle Gesprächsführung; 4., überarb. und erw.<br />
Aufl.; 1999; Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag; München; ISBN 3432058455; Ein praxisnahes<br />
Lese- und Übungsbuch.<br />
339) Statistisches Bundesamt (Hrsg.): Zahlenkompass; 4. Aufl.; 1996; Metzler-Poeschel;<br />
Stuttgart; ISBN 3824604485; Statistisches Taschenbuch für Deutschland.<br />
340) Oheim, Gertrud: Einmaleins des guten Tons; 6. Aufl.; 1955; Bertelsmann; Gütersloh;<br />
ohne ISBN; Praktische Ratgeber.<br />
341) Schneider, Wolf: Deutsch für Kenner; 5. Aufl.; 2000; Piper; München; ISBN<br />
3492222161; Die neue Stilkunde.<br />
342) Buchholz, Kai (Hrsg.): Liebe; 1. Aufl.; 2007; Goldmann; München; ISBN 3442077567;<br />
Ein philosophisches Lesebuch.<br />
343) Schmitt, An<strong>to</strong>n: Führer durch Fulda; 14. Aufl.; 1995; Parzeller; Fulda; ISBN<br />
3790002585; Mit Planskizze und zahlreichen Abbildungen.<br />
344) Reincke, Madeleine (Bearb.): Großbritannien und Nordirland; 7. Aufl.; 1998; Baedeker;<br />
Ostfildern; ISBN 3875045068; Reiseführer mit großer Reisekarte.<br />
345) Abend, Bernhard; Schliebitz, Anja: Schweiz; 11. Aufl.; 2004; Baedeker; Ostfildern; ISBN<br />
3875045211; Reiseführer mit großer Reisekarte.<br />
346) Beck, Vera; Bernhard, Marianne; Eisenschmid, Rainer; Reincke, Madelein: Berlin; 13.<br />
Aufl.; 2000; Baedeker; Ostfildern; ISBN 3875041267; Reiseführer mit großem Stadtplan.<br />
347) Bauer, E.-G.; Eisenschmid, Rainer; Grünewald, Margit et al.: Dresden; 10. Aufl.; 2006;<br />
Baedeker; Ostfildern; ISBN 3829710275; Reiseführer mit großem Cityplan.<br />
348) Beck, Vera; Branscheid, Barbara; Galenschovski, Carmen et al.: Frankfurt am Main; 6.<br />
Aufl.; 1998; Baedeker; Ostfildern; ISBN 3895251437; Reiseführer mit großem Stadtplan.<br />
349) Kelch, Johannes; Linde, Helmut et al.: München; 9. Aufl.; 2000; Baedeker; Ostfildern;<br />
ISBN 3875041275; Reiseführer mit großem Stadtplan.<br />
350) Bourmer, Achim; Eisenschmid, Rainer; Schliebitz, Anja et al.: New York; 8. Aufl.; 1998;<br />
Baedeker; Ostfildern; ISBN 3895258105; Reiseführer mit großem Stadtplan.<br />
351) Reincke, Madeleine (Bearb.): Paris; 10. Aufl.; 1999; Baedeker; Ostfildern; ISBN<br />
3875040597; Reiseführer mit großer Reisekarte.<br />
352) Reincke, Madeleine (Bearb.): Rom; 10. Aufl.; 1998; Baedeker; Ostfildern; ISBN<br />
3875041259; Reiseführer mit großem Stadtplan.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 130 <strong>of</strong> 154
353) Branscheid, Barbara; Bourmer, Achim; Luippold, Dieter et al.: Rügen - Hidden<strong>see</strong>; 5.<br />
Aufl.; 2003; Baedeker; Ostfildern; ISBN 3895254363; Reiseführer mit großer Inselkarte.<br />
354) Galenschovski, Carmen; Reincke, Madeleine et al.: Wien; 11. Aufl.; 2002; Baedeker;<br />
Ostfildern; ISBN 3875041321; Reiseführer mit großem Cityplan.<br />
355) Höh, Peter: Insel Usedom; 1. Aufl.; 2001; Reise Know-How; Bielefeld; ISBN<br />
3894166916; Urlaubshandbuch.<br />
356) Nicholson, Robert; Barber, Romek (Des.): Colour London Streetfinder; 1st Ed.; 1991;<br />
Nicholson; London; ISBN 0702816884; Spiral Bound.<br />
357) Leech, Michael: New York; Überarb. Ausg.; 1997; Könemann; Köln; ISBN 389508879X;<br />
Reiseführer.<br />
358) Geiss, Heide Marie Karin: München; 5., akt. Aufl.; 2000; DuMont; Köln; ISBN<br />
377012670X; Reise-Taschenbuch.<br />
359) Sorges, Jürgen: Rom; Kompl. akt. Aufl.; 2000; Polyglott; München; ISBN 3493597088;<br />
Reiseführer.<br />
360) Redell, August (Hrsg.): Norderney erzählt; 2. Aufl.; 1995; Hansen & Hansen; Münsterdorf;<br />
ISBN 3879803056; Geschichten, Anekdoten, Erinnerungen.<br />
361) Stiemert, Elisabeth; Schmidt, Waltraut: Kater Timtetater; 1. Aufl.; 1986; Gerstenberg;<br />
Hildesheim; ISBN 3806740577; Taschenbuch.<br />
362) Clark, Elisabeth: Das Eselchen und der Weihnachtsmann; 1. Aufl.; 1998; Coppenrath;<br />
Münster; ISBN 3815717086; Illustriert von Jan Ormerod.<br />
363) Weis, Erich (Bearb.): Grund- und Aufbauwortschatz Englisch; 1. Aufl.; 1989; Klett;<br />
Stuttgart; ISBN 3125195101; Taschenbuch.<br />
364) Schäfer, Karl-Heinz; Zimmermann, Bernhard (Bearb.): Langenscheidts Taschenwörterbuch<br />
Altgriechisch; 7. Aufl.; 1998; Langenscheidt; Berlin; ISBN 3468100310; Altgriechisch -<br />
Deutsch, Deutsch - Altgriechisch.<br />
365) Pertsch, Erich (Bearb.): Langenscheidts Taschenwörterbuch Lateinisch; 29. Aufl.; 1980;<br />
Langenscheidt; Berlin; ISBN 3469102003; Lateinisch - Deutsch, Deutsch - Lateinisch.<br />
366) Lange-Kowal, Ernst Erwin (Bearb.): Langenscheidts Schulwörterbuch Französisch; 12.<br />
Aufl.; 1981; Langenscheidt; Berlin; ISBN 346813150X; Französisch - Deutsch, Deutsch -<br />
Französisch.<br />
367) Fuchs, Sebastian; Wenzel, Veronika (Bearb.): Langenscheidts Universal-Sprachführer<br />
Niederländisch; 1. Aufl.; 1998; Langenscheidt; Berlin; ISBN 3468232306; Praktische Redewendungen<br />
und Wörter für die Reise.<br />
368) Dierkes, Hans (Hrsg.): Philosophische Anthropologie; 1. Aufl.; 1995; Reclam; Stuttgart;<br />
ISBN 3150150124; Arbeitstexte für den Unterricht.<br />
369) Leibniz, Go<strong>ttf</strong>ried Wilhelm: Monadologie; 1. Aufl.; 1998; Reclam; Stuttgart; ISBN<br />
3150078539; Französisch/Deutsch.<br />
370) Aris<strong>to</strong>teles: Nikomachische Ethik; 1. Aufl.; 1999; Reclam; Stuttgart; ISBN 3150085861;<br />
Übersetzung und Nachwort von Franz Dirlmeier.<br />
371) Sainsbury, R. M.: Paradoxien; 1. Aufl.; 1994; Reclam; Stuttgart; ISBN 315008881X; Aus<br />
dem Englischen übersetzt von Vincent C. Müller.<br />
372) Kant, Immanuel: Die Religion innerhalb der Grenzen der bloßen Vernunft; 1. Aufl.;<br />
2004; Reclam; Stuttgart; ISBN 3150012317; Hrsg. von Rudolf Malter.<br />
373) Heidegger, Martin: Der Ursprung des Kunstwerkes; 1. Aufl.; 1997; Reclam; Stuttgart;<br />
ISBN 3150084466; Mit einer Einführung von Hans-Georg Gadamer.<br />
374) Aris<strong>to</strong>teles: Metaphysik; Bibliograph. erg. Ausg.; 1997; Reclam; Stuttgart; ISBN<br />
3150079136; Übersetzt und herausgegeben von Franz F. Schwarz.<br />
375) Martens, Ekkehard: Zwischen Gut und Böse; 1. Aufl.; 1997; Reclam; Stuttgart; ISBN<br />
3150096359; Elementare Fragen angewandter Philosophie.<br />
376) Peirce, Ch. S.; James, W.; Schiller, F. C. S.; Dewey, J.: Pragmatismus; 1. Aufl.; 1997;<br />
Reclam; Stuttgart; ISBN 3150097991; Mit einer Einleitung herausgegeben von Ekkehard<br />
Martens.<br />
377) Strawson, Peter Frederick: Einzelding und logisches Subjekt (Individuals); 1. Aufl.;<br />
1995; Reclam; Stuttgart; ISBN 3150094100; Ein Beitrag zur deskriptiven Metaphysik.<br />
378) Konfuzius: Gespräche; 1. Aufl.; 2002; Reclam; Stuttgart; ISBN 3150096561; Aus dem<br />
Chinesischen übersetzt und herausgegeben von Ralf Moritz.<br />
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379) Mittelstraß, Jürgen (Hrsg.): Enzyklopädie Philosophie und Wissenschaftstheorie Band<br />
1: A-G; Unveränd. Sonderausg.; 2004; Metzler; Stuttgart; ISBN 3476020126; Lexikon.<br />
380) Mittelstraß, Jürgen (Hrsg.): Enzyklopädie Philosophie und Wissenschaftstheorie Band<br />
2: H-O; Unveränd. Sonderausg.; 2004; Metzler; Stuttgart; ISBN 3476020126; Lexikon.<br />
381) Mittelstraß, Jürgen (Hrsg.): Enzyklopädie Philosophie und Wissenschaftstheorie Band<br />
3: P-So; Unveränd. Sonderausg.; 2004; Metzler; Stuttgart; ISBN 3476020126; Lexikon.<br />
382) Mittelstraß, Jürgen (Hrsg.): Enzyklopädie Philosophie und Wissenschaftstheorie Band<br />
4: Sp-Z; Unveränd. Sonderausg.; 2004; Metzler; Stuttgart; ISBN 3476020126; Lexikon.<br />
383) Inwood, Michael: Heidegger; 1. Aufl.; 2004; Herder; Freiburg; ISBN 3926642467; Spektrum<br />
Meisterdenker.<br />
384) Nishitani, Keiji: Was ist Religion?; 1. Aufl.; 2001; Insel; Frankfurt am Main; ISBN<br />
3458344292; Taschenbuch.<br />
385) Möbuß, Susanne: Plotin; 1. Aufl.; 2005; Panorama; Wiesbaden; ISBN 3926642637;<br />
Große Denker.<br />
386) Martin, Go<strong>ttf</strong>ried: Pla<strong>to</strong>n; 46.-50. Tsd.; 1980; Rowohlt; Reinbek; ISBN 3499501503; in<br />
Selbstzeugnissen und Bilddokumenten.<br />
387) Bloch, Ernst; Herzfelde, Wieland: Briefwechsel 1938-1949; 1. Aufl.; 2001; Suhrkamp;<br />
Frankfurt am Main; ISBN 3518582593; Wir haben das Leben wieder vor uns.<br />
388) Mainzer, Klaus: Computerphilosophie zur Einführung; 1. Aufl.; 2003; Junius; Hamburg;<br />
ISBN 3885063832; Taschenbuch.<br />
389) Machiavelli, Niccolò: Der Fürst; 1. Aufl.; 1990; Insel; Frankfurt am Main; ISBN<br />
3458329072; Taschenbuch.<br />
390) Pauen, Michael; Roth, Gerhard (Hrsg.): Neurowissenschaften und Philosophie; 1. Aufl.;<br />
2001; Fink; München; ISBN 3770535480; Eine Einführung.<br />
391) Buhr, Manfred; Kosing, Alfred: Kleines Wörterbuch der marxistisch-leninistischen Philosophie;<br />
2., überarb. und erw. Aufl.; 1974; Dietz; Berlin; ohne ISBN; gebunden.<br />
392) Jaspers, Karl: Die großen Philosophen; 6. Aufl.; 1997; Piper; München; ISBN<br />
3492210023; Erster Band.<br />
393) Alquié, Ferdinand: Plans de philosophie générale; 1. Aufl.; 2000; La Table Ronde; Paris;<br />
ISBN 2710309955; Taschenbuch.<br />
394) Wittgenstein, Ludwig: Tractatus logico-philosophicus/Philosophische Untersuchungen;<br />
1. Aufl.; 1990; Reclam; Leipzig; ISBN 3379006483; Taschenbuch.<br />
395) Kranz, Walther: Die griechische Philosophie; Lizenzausg.; 1997; Dieterich; Leipzig;<br />
ISBN 388059922X; Zugleich eine Einführung in die Philosophie überhaupt.<br />
396) Peirce, Charles Sanders: Vorlesungen über Pragmatismus; 1. Aufl.; 1991; Meiner;<br />
Hamburg; ISBN 3787309845; Mit Einleitung und Anmerkungen neu herausgegeben von Elisabeth<br />
Walther.<br />
397) Brentano, Franz: Philosophische Untersuchungen zu Raum, Zeit und Kontinuum; 1.<br />
Aufl.; 1976; Meiner; Hamburg; ISBN 3787303561; Aus dem Nachlass mit Anmerkungen von<br />
Alfred Kastil herausgegeben und eingeleitet von Stephan Körner und Roderick M. Chrisholm.<br />
398) Luckner, Andreas: Martin Heidegger: "Sein und Zeit"; 1. Aufl.; 1997; Schöningh; Paderborn;<br />
ISBN 350699476X; Ein einführender Kommentar.<br />
399) Birnbacher, Dieter; Hoerster, Norbert (Hrsg.): Texte zur Ethik; 5. Aufl.; 1984; Deutscher<br />
Taschenbuch Verlag; München; ISBN 3423060425; dtv Bibliothek.<br />
400) H<strong>of</strong>meister, Heimo: Philosophisch denken; 2., durchges. Aufl.; 1997; Vandenhoeck &<br />
Ruprecht; Göttingen; ISBN 3525032757; Taschenbuch.<br />
401) Heidegger, Martin; Jaspers, Karl: Briefwechsel 1920-1963; 1. Aufl.; 1992; Piper; München;<br />
ISBN 3492112609; Mit 4 Abbildungen auf Tafeln.<br />
402) Kunzmann, Peter; Burkard, Franz-Peter; Wiedmann, Franz: dtv-Atlas zur Philosophie;<br />
2. Aufl.; 1992; Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag; München; ISBN 3423032294; Tafeln und<br />
Texte, mit 111 farbigen Abbildungsseiten.<br />
403) Pla<strong>to</strong>n: Menon/Kratylos/Euthydemos/Hippias maior; 1. Aufl.; 1991; Insel; Frankfurt am<br />
Main; ISBN 3458331034; Griechisch und Deutsch.<br />
404) Warning, Rainer: Rezeptionsästhetik; 4., unveränd. Aufl.; 1993; Fink; München; ISBN<br />
3770510534; Theorie und Praxis.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 132 <strong>of</strong> 154
405) Hügli, An<strong>to</strong>n; Lübcke, Poul (Hrsg.): Philosophielexikon; 2. Aufl.; 1998; Rowohlt; Reinbek;<br />
ISBN 3499554534; Personen und Begriffe der abendländischen Philosophie von der<br />
Antike bis zur Gegenwart.<br />
406) Hegenbart, Rainer: Wörterbuch der Philosophie; 1. Aufl.; 1984; Humboldt; München;<br />
ISBN 3581664852; Das unentbehrliche Nachschlagewerk über Begriffe und Persönlichkeiten<br />
der Philosophie, über 1500 Stichwörter.<br />
407) Lutz, Bernd (Hrsg.): Die großen Philosophen des 20. Jahrhunderts; 1. Aufl.; 1999;<br />
Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag; München; ISBN 3423325178; Biographisches Lexikon.<br />
408) Höffe, Otfried: Aris<strong>to</strong>teles; 2., überarb. Aufl.; 1999; C. H. Beck; München; ISBN<br />
3406419607; Mit 7 Abbildungen.<br />
409) Kant, Immanuel: Kritik der reinen Vernunft; 1. Aufl.; 1998; Meiner; Hamburg; ISBN<br />
3787313192; Nach der 1. und 2. Orig.-Ausg. hrsg. von Jens Timmermann. Mit einer Bibliographie<br />
von Heiner Klemme.<br />
410) Kant, Immanuel: Grundlegung zur Metaphysik der Sitten; 1. Aufl.; 1999; Meiner; Hamburg;<br />
ISBN 3787314431; Mit einer Einleitung hrsg. von Bernd Kraft und Dieter Schönecker.<br />
411) Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich: Phänomenologie des Geistes; 1. Aufl.; 1988; Meiner;<br />
Hamburg; ISBN 3787307699; Mit einer Einleitung von Wolfgang Bonsiepen.<br />
412) Fetscher, Iring: Marx; 1. Aufl.; 2004; Panorama; Wiesbaden; ISBN 3926642483; Spektrum<br />
Meisterdenker.<br />
413) Gardiner, Patrick: Kierkegaard; 1. Aufl.; 2004; Panorama; Wiesbaden; ISBN<br />
3926642319; Spektrum Meisterdenker.<br />
414) Tanner, Michael: Nietzsche; 1. Aufl.; 2004; Panorama; Wiesbaden; ISBN 3926642459;<br />
Spektrum Meisterdenker.<br />
415) Möbuß, Susanne: Sartre; 1. Aufl.; 2004; Panorama; Wiesbaden; ISBN 3926642300;<br />
Spektrum Meisterdenker.<br />
416) Roth, Gerhard: Fühlen, Denken, Handeln; 1. Aufl.; 2003; Suhrkamp; Frankfurt am Main;<br />
ISBN 3518292781; Wie das Gehirn unser Verhalten steuert.<br />
417) Andersen, Svend: Einführung in die Ethik; 1. Aufl.; 2000; Walter de Gruyter; Berlin;<br />
ISBN 3110150735; Studienbuch.<br />
418) Eliade, Mircea: Die Religionen und das Heilige; 1. Aufl.; 1998; Insel; Frankfurt am Main;<br />
ISBN 345833887X; Elemente der Religionsgeschichte.<br />
419) Dalai Lama: Einführung in den Buddhismus; 16. Aufl.; 2001; Herder; Freiburg; ISBN<br />
3451049465; Die Harvard-Vorlesungen.<br />
420) Hillebrandt, Alfred (Übers.): Upanishaden; 47.-49. Tsd.; 1990; Diederichs; München;<br />
ISBN 3424005754; Die Geheimlehre der Inder.<br />
421) Kennedy, Alex: Was ist Buddhismus?; 1. Aufl.; 1985; Goldmann; München; ISBN<br />
3442123968; Lehre und Weltsicht einer großen geistigen Tradition, die heute auch das westliche<br />
Denken beeinflusst.<br />
422) Rinpoche, Sogyal: Funken der Erleuchtung; 1. Aufl.; 1995; Bertelsmann; Rheda-<br />
Wiedenbrück; ohne ISBN; Buddhistische Weisheit für jeden Tag des Jahres.<br />
423) Esposi<strong>to</strong>, John L.: Von Kopftuch bis Scharia; 3. Aufl.; 2004; Reclam; Leipzig; ISBN<br />
3379201057; Was man über den Islam wissen sollte.<br />
424) Engemann, Wilfried: Einführung in die Homiletik; 1. Aufl.; 2002; Francke; Tübingen;<br />
ISBN 3772022774; Taschenbuch.<br />
425) England, Roger; Bancr<strong>of</strong>t, Anne (Hrsg.): Spirituelle Kostbarkeiten; 1. Aufl.; 2002; Hermann<br />
Bauer; Freiburg; ISBN 3762608652; Zen.<br />
426) Lechner, Odilo: Engel; 1. Aufl.; 2004; Wilhelm Heyne; München; ISBN 3453879449;<br />
Begegnungen mit Gottes Boten.<br />
427) Wachtturm Bibel- und Traktat-Gesellschaft (Hrsg.): Die Suche der Menschheit nach<br />
Gott; 1. Aufl.; 1990; Wachtturm-Gesellschaft; Selters; ohne ISBN; Religion.<br />
428) Wehr, Gerhard: Europäische Mystik; Genehmigte Lizenzausg.; 2005; Panorama; Wiesbaden;<br />
ISBN 3926642548; Eine Einführung.<br />
429) Schweer, Thomas; Rink, Steffen: Benedikt XVI.; 1. Aufl.; 2005; Ullstein; Berlin; ISBN<br />
354836828X; Der deutsche Papst.<br />
430) Dalai Lama: Der Wille zum Frieden; 1. Aufl.; 2005; Fischer; Frankfurt am Main; ISBN<br />
3596167221; Taschenbuch.<br />
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431) Knoblauch, Hubert: Religionssoziologie; 1. Aufl.; 1999; Walter de Gruyter; Berlin; ISBN<br />
3110163470; Sammlung Göschen 2094.<br />
432) Largier, Niklaus (Übers.): Das Buch von der geistigen Armut; 1. Aufl.; 1989; Artemis;<br />
Zürich; ISBN 3760807461; Eine mittelalterliche Unterweisung zum vollkommenen Leben.<br />
433) Schumann, Hans Wolfgang: Die großen Götter Indiens; 1. Aufl.; 2004; Hugendubel;<br />
Kreuzlingen; ISBN 3896314297; Grundzüge von Hinduismus und Buddhismus.<br />
434) Gunturu, Vanamali: Hinduismus; 1. Aufl.; 2002; Hugendubel; Kreuzlingen; ISBN<br />
3720523446; Taschenbuch.<br />
435) Ess, Hans van: Der Konfuzianismus; 1. Aufl.; 2003; C. H. Beck; München; ISBN<br />
3406480063; Mit 4 Abbildungen und 1 Karte.<br />
436) Hasenfratz, Hans-Peter: Religion - was ist das?; 1. Aufl.; 2002; Herder; Freiburg; ISBN<br />
3451053225; Lebensorientierung und Andere Wirklichkeit.<br />
437) Vinzent, Markus (Hrsg.): Theologen; 1. Aufl.; 2004; Metzler; Stuttgart; ISBN<br />
3476020258; 185 Porträts von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart.<br />
438) Steinseifer, Wolfgang (Hrsg.): Die Bibel auf einen Blick; 1. Aufl.; 2004; Brockhaus;<br />
Wuppertal; ISBN 3417206472; Taschenbuch.<br />
439) Härle, Wilfried: Dogmatik; 2., überarb. Aufl.; 2000; Walter de Gruyter; Berlin; ISBN<br />
3110165899; Lehrbuch.<br />
440) Drosdowski, Günther (Hrsg.): Duden, Die deutsche Rechtschreibung Band 1; 21., völlig<br />
neu bearb. und erw. Aufl.; 1996; Dudenverlag; Mannheim; ISBN 3411040114; Auf der<br />
Grundlage der neuen amtlichen Rechtschreibregeln.<br />
441) Auberle, Anette; Klosa, Annette (Bearb.): Duden, Herkunftswörterbuch Band 7; 3., völlig<br />
neu bearb. und erw. Aufl.; 2001; Dudenverlag; Mannheim; ISBN 3411040734; Etymologie<br />
der deutschen Sprache.<br />
442) Eickh<strong>of</strong>f, Birgit; H<strong>all</strong>er-Wolf, Angelika; Klosa, Annette et al. (Bearb.): Duden, Das Bedeutungswörterbuch<br />
Band 10; 3., neu bearb. und erw. Aufl.; 2002; Dudenverlag; Mannheim;<br />
ISBN 341104103X; Wortbildung und Wortschatz.<br />
443) Baumgärtner, Klaus; Steger, Hugo et al.: Funk-Kolleg Sprache 1; 128.-130. Tsd.; 1985;<br />
Fischer; Frankfurt am Main; ISBN 3596261112; Eine Einführung in die moderne Linguistik.<br />
444) Baumgärtner, Klaus; Steger, Hugo et al.: Funk-Kolleg Sprache 2; 106.-107. Tsd.; 1986;<br />
Fischer; Frankfurt am Main; ISBN 3596261120; Eine Einführung in die moderne Linguistik.<br />
445) Gerhardt, Rudolf; Leyendecker, Hans: Lesebuch für Schreiber; 1. Aufl.; 2005; Fischer;<br />
Frankfurt am Main; ISBN 3596164117; Vom richtigen Umgang mit der Sprache und von der<br />
Kunst des Zeitunglesens.<br />
446) Franck, Norbert: Schreiben wie ein Pr<strong>of</strong>i; 4., überarb. und erw. Aufl.; 2005; Bund-<br />
Verlag; Frankfurt am Main; ISBN 3766335952; Leitfaden für Texte mit Pfiff und Struktur.<br />
447) Berkenbusch, Eckhard: Praktisches Chinesisch I; 1. Aufl.; 1994; Kommerzieller Verlag;<br />
Peking; ISBN 7100016754; Lehrbuch.<br />
448) Berkenbusch, Eckhard: Praktisches Chinesisch II; 1. Aufl.; 1994; Kommerzieller Verlag;<br />
Peking; ISBN 7100016827; Lehrbuch.<br />
449) Wingen, Hans: Wörterbuch Deutsch - Esperan<strong>to</strong>; 2. Nachdruck; 1984; Olms; Hildesheim;<br />
ISBN 3487070804; Taschenbuch.<br />
450) Grosjean-Maupin, E.: Plena Vortaro de Esperan<strong>to</strong> kun Suplemen<strong>to</strong>; 9. Aufl.; 1980; Sennacieca<br />
Asocio Tutmonda; Paris; ohne ISBN; Suplemen<strong>to</strong> kompilita de Pr<strong>of</strong>. G. Waringhien.<br />
451) Sieber, Helmut: Mathematische Begriffe und Formeln; 1. Aufl.; 1973; Klett; Stuttgart;<br />
ISBN 3127124007; Formelsammlung.<br />
452) Laugwitz, Detlef: Zahlen und Kontinuum; Unveränd. Nachdruck; 1994; Bibliographisches<br />
Institut; Mannheim; ISBN 341103128X; Lehrbücher und Monographien zur Didaktik<br />
der Mathematik Band 5.<br />
453) Lorenzen, Paul: Lehrbuch der konstruktiven Wissenschaftstheorie; 1. Aufl.; 1987; Bibliographisches<br />
Institut; Mannheim; ISBN 3411031549; gebunden.<br />
454) Ebbinghaus, Heinz-Dieter; Flum, Jörg; Thomas, Wolfgang: Einführung in die mathematische<br />
Logik; 3., vollst. überarb. und erw. Aufl.; 1992; Bibliographisches Institut; Mannheim;<br />
ISBN 3411156031; Mathematik.<br />
455) Scheid, Harald: Zahlentheorie; 1. Aufl.; 1991; Bibliographisches Institut; Mannheim;<br />
ISBN 3411148411; Mathematik.<br />
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456) Scheid, Harald: Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung; 1. Aufl.; 1992; Bibliographisches Institut;<br />
Mannheim; ISBN 3411158417; Mathematische Texte Band 6.<br />
457) Lüneburg, Heinz: Vorlesungen über Lineare Algebra; 1. Aufl.; 1993; Bibliographisches<br />
Institut; Mannheim; ISBN 3411161515; Versehen mit der zu ihrem Verständnis nötigen Algebra<br />
sowie einigen Bemerkungen zu ihrer Didaktik.<br />
458) Ebbinghaus, Heinz-Dieter: Einführung in die Mengenlehre; 4. Aufl.; 2003; Spektrum<br />
Akademischer Verlag; Heidelberg; ISBN 3827414113; Mathematik.<br />
459) Wirth, Niklaus: Algorithmen und Datenstrukturen mit Modula-2; 4., neubearb. und erw.<br />
Aufl.; 1986; Teubner; Stuttgart; ISBN 3519022605; Mit zahlreichen Figuren, Tabellen, Übungen<br />
und Programmen.<br />
460) Brandstädt, Andreas: Graphen und Algorithmen; 1. Aufl.; 1994; Teubner; Stuttgart;<br />
ISBN 3519021315; Mit zahlreichen Abbildungen.<br />
461) Schwarz, Hans Rudolf: Methode der finiten Elemente; 2., überarb. und erw. Aufl.; 1984;<br />
Teubner; Stuttgart; ISBN 3519123495; Eine Einführung unter besonderer Berücksichtigung<br />
der Rechenpraxis.<br />
462) Collatz, Lothar: Differentialgleichungen; 6., überarb. und erw. Aufl.; 1981; Teubner;<br />
Stuttgart; ISBN 3519220334; Eine Einführung unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Anwendungen.<br />
463) Beisel, Ernst-Peter; Mendel, Manfred: Optimierungsmethoden des Operations Research<br />
Band 1; 1. Aufl.; 1987; Vieweg; Braunschweig; ISBN 3528089768; Lineare und ganzzahlige<br />
Optimierung.<br />
464) Beisel, Ernst-Peter; Mendel, Manfred: Optimierungsmethoden des Operations Research<br />
Band 2; 1. Aufl.; 1991; Vieweg; Braunschweig; ISBN 3528063076; Optimierung in<br />
Graphen.<br />
465) Heuser, Harro: Funktionalanalysis; 2., neubearb. und erw. Aufl.; 1986; Teubner; Stuttgart;<br />
ISBN 3519122065; Theorie und Anwendung.<br />
466) Lavine, Shaughan: Unerstanding the Infinite; 2nd printing; 1998; Harvard University<br />
Press; Cambridge; ISBN 0674921178; Includes bibliographical references and index.<br />
467) Eisenreich, Günther; Sube, Ralf: Dictionary <strong>of</strong> Mathematics - Wörterbuch Mathematik;<br />
1. Aufl.; 1987; Harri Deutsch; Thun; ISBN 3871449393; mit etwa 35000 Wortstellen, zweisprachige<br />
Studentenausgabe.<br />
468) Kosmol, Peter: Optimierung und Approximation; 1. Aufl.; 1991; Walter de Gruyter; Berlin;<br />
ISBN 3110123630; Lehrbuch.<br />
469) Kowalsky, Hans-Joachim: Lineare Algebra; 9., überarb. und erw. Aufl.; 1979; Walter de<br />
Gruyter; Berlin; ISBN 3110081644; Mathematik.<br />
470) Beyer, Otfried; Gottwald, Siegfried; Schlosser, Hartmut et al.: Kleine Enzyklopädie Mathematik;<br />
Nachdruck der 2., völlig überarb. Aufl.; 1980; Harri Deutsch; Thun; ISBN<br />
3871443239; gebunden.<br />
471) Bosch, Siegfried: Algebra; 1. Aufl.; 1993; Springer; Berlin; ISBN 3540568336; Mathematik.<br />
472) Walter, Wolfgang: Analysis 1; 3., verb. Aufl.; 1992; Springer; Berlin; ISBN 3540552340;<br />
Mit 145 Abbildungen.<br />
473) Remmert, Reinhold: Funktionentheorie 1; 3., verb. Aufl.; 1992; Springer; Berlin; ISBN<br />
3540552332; Mit 70 Abbildungen.<br />
474) Remmert, Reinhold: Funktionentheorie 2; 1. unveränd. Nachdruck der 1. Aufl.; 1992;<br />
Springer; Berlin; ISBN 3540553843; Mit 19 Abbildungen.<br />
475) Rollnik, Horst: Quantentheorie 1; 2. Aufl.; 2003; Springer; Berlin; ISBN 3540437886;<br />
Grundlagen, Wellenmechanik, Axiomatik.<br />
476) Peitgen, Heinz-Ot<strong>to</strong>; Jürgens, Hartmut; Saupe, Dietmar: Bausteine des Chaos; Dt.<br />
Erstausg.; 1998; Rowohlt; Reinbek; ISBN 3499602504; Fraktale.<br />
477) Peitgen, Heinz-Ot<strong>to</strong>; Jürgens, Hartmut; Saupe, Dietmar: Chaos; Dt. Erstausg.; 1998;<br />
Rowohlt; Reinbek; ISBN 3499605511; Bausteine der Ordnung.<br />
478) Kröber, Karl Günter: Ein Esel lese nie; 1. Aufl.; 2003; Rowohlt; Reinbek; ISBN<br />
3499615762; Mathematik der Palindrome.<br />
479) Granados, Gilber<strong>to</strong>; Gurgsdies, Erik: Lern- und Arbeitsbuch Ökonomie; 1. Aufl.; 1999;<br />
Dietz; Bonn; ISBN 3801202704; Wirtschaft.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 135 <strong>of</strong> 154
480) ohne Angaben: BGB - Das Bürgerliche Gesetzbuch; 1. Aufl.; 1991; Goldmann; München;<br />
ISBN 3442136326; Der vollständige Text mit Kommentaren und Beispielen.<br />
481) Anzenbacher, Arno: Einführung in die Philosophie; Nachdr. der 3., verb. Aufl.; 1989;<br />
Herder; Wien; ISBN 3210246270; Lizenzausgabe des gleichnamigen Schulbuchs.<br />
482) Völkel, Michael: Das Lexikon der TV-Modera<strong>to</strong>ren; 1. Aufl.; 2003; Schwarzkopf &<br />
Schwarzkopf; Berlin; ISBN 3896025244; Anekdoten, Fakten und Sprüche aus 50 Jahren TV-<br />
Geschichte.<br />
483) Störig, Hans Joachim: Abenteuer Sprache; 2. Aufl.; 2003; Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag;<br />
München; ISBN 342330863X; Ein Streifzug durch die Sprachen der Erde.<br />
484) Hermann, Ursula; Rüme, Klaus; Raum, Norbert (Bearb.): Wahrig Fremdwörterlexikon;<br />
Sonderausg.; 1987; Orbis; München; ISBN 3570026817; Vorwort von Gerhard Wahrig.<br />
485) Möller, Christian: Einführung in die Praktische Theologie; 1. Aufl.; 2004; Francke; Tübingen;<br />
ISBN 3772030122; Taschenbuch.<br />
486) Schnelle, Udo: Einleitung in das Neue Testament; 5., durchges. Aufl.; 2005;<br />
Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht; Göttingen; ISBN 3525032382; Taschenbuch.<br />
487) Kreiner, Armin: Gott im Leid; Erw. Neuausg.; 2005; Herder; Freiburg; ISBN<br />
3451286246; Zur Stichhaltigkeit der Theodizee-Argumente.<br />
488) Eliade, Mircea: Geschichte der religiösen Ideen Band 1; 1. Aufl.; 2002; Herder; Freiburg;<br />
ISBN 3451052741; Von der Steinzeit bis zu den Mysterien von Eleusis.<br />
489) Eliade, Mircea: Geschichte der religiösen Ideen Band 2; 1. Aufl.; 2002; Herder; Freiburg;<br />
ISBN 3451052741; Von Gautama Buddha bis zu den Anfängen des Christentums.<br />
490) Eliade, Mircea: Geschichte der religiösen Ideen Band 3; 1. Aufl.; 2002; Herder; Freiburg;<br />
ISBN 3451052741; Von Mohammed bis zum Beginn der Neuzeit.<br />
491) Eliade, Mircea: Geschichte der religiösen Ideen Band 4; 1. Aufl.; 2002; Herder; Freiburg;<br />
ISBN 3451052741; Vom Zeitalter der Entdeckungen bis zur Gegenwart.<br />
492) Volpi, Franco (Hrsg.): Großes Werklexikon der Philosophie Band 1: A bis K;<br />
Jubiläumsausg.; 2004; Kröner; Stuttgart; ISBN 3520839016; gebunden.<br />
493) Volpi, Franco (Hrsg.): Großes Werklexikon der Philosophie Band 2: L bis Z;<br />
Jubiläumsausg.; 2004; Kröner; Stuttgart; ISBN 3520839016; gebunden.<br />
494) Fontana, David: Kursbuch Meditation; 1. Aufl.; 1994; Barth; München; ISBN<br />
350262187X; Alles über die verschiedenen Meditationstechniken und ihre Anwendung, Anleitungen<br />
zur Wahl der geeigneten Methode.<br />
495) Ortberg, John: Jeder ist normal, bis du ihn kennen lernst; 4. Aufl.; 2005; Gerth Medien;<br />
Asslar; ISBN 3865910432; Wie zwischenmenschliche Beziehungen gelingen.<br />
496) ohne Angaben: Katechismus der Katholischen Kirche; 1. Aufl.; 2005; Pattloch; München;<br />
ISBN 3629021409; Kompendium.<br />
497) Grom, Bernhard: Religionspsychologie; 1. Aufl.; 1992; Kösel; München; ISBN<br />
3466203589; auch Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.<br />
498) Lanoo (Christian Anders): Der Sinn des Lebens - Nirvana Band 1; 1. Aufl.; 2000; Books<br />
on Demand; Norderstedt; ISBN 3898114295; Buddhismus wie er sein sollte und esoterische<br />
Wissenschaften.<br />
499) Lanoo (Christian Anders): Der Sinn des Lebens - Nirvana Band 2; 1. Aufl.; 2000; Books<br />
on Demand; Norderstedt; ISBN 3898114309; Buddhismus wie er sein sollte und esoterische<br />
Wissenschaften.<br />
500) Wilber, Ken: Integrale Spiritualität; 1. Aufl.; 2007; Kösel; München; ISBN<br />
9783466345090; Spirituelle Intelligenz rettet die Welt.<br />
501) Hawkins, David R.: Die Ebenen des Bewusstseins; 5. Aufl.; 2006; VAK; Kirchzarten;<br />
ISBN 3932098021; Von der Kraft, die wir ausstrahlen.<br />
502) H<strong>of</strong>meister, Klaus; Bauerochse, Lothar (Hrsg.): Viele Stimmen - eine Sprache; 1. Aufl.;<br />
2001; Echter; Würzburg; ISBN 3429023823; Beten in den Weltreligionen.<br />
503) Scherhag, Richard; Blüthgen, Joachim; Lauer, Wilhelm: Klima<strong>to</strong>logie; 9., verb. Aufl.;<br />
1977; Westermann; Braunschweig; ISBN 3141602840; Geographie.<br />
504) Grix, Rolf; Knöll, Wilhelm: Lernfeld Gesellschaft; 3. Aufl.; 1975; Diesterweg; Frankfurt<br />
am Main; ISBN 3425016679; Lehr- und Arbeitsbuch für den politischen Unterricht.<br />
505) Görgens, Alfred: Kulinarisches Solo; 1. Aufl.; 1991; Falken; Niedernhausen; ISBN<br />
3806811547; Gerichte für eine Person.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 136 <strong>of</strong> 154
506) Hinz, Thomas: Aquarellmalerei; Nachaufl.; 1983; Falken; Niedernhausen; ISBN<br />
3806850992; Materialien, Techniken, Motive.<br />
507) Dawkins, Richard: Der Gotteswahn; 1. Aufl.; 2007; Ullstein; Berlin; ISBN<br />
9783550086885; gebunden.<br />
508) Hawkins, David R.: Das All-sehende Auge; 3. Aufl.; 2006; Sheema-Medien; Wasserburg;<br />
ISBN 3931560198; gebunden.<br />
509) Hawkins, David R.: Licht des Alls; 1. Aufl.; 2006; Sheema-Medien; Wasserburg; ISBN<br />
3931560201; Die Wirklichkeit des Göttlichen.<br />
510) Renftel, Lars-Oliver; Schaffer-Hartmann, Richard (Hrsg.): Hanau; 1. Aufl.; 2002; CoCon;<br />
Hanau; ISBN 3928100920; Geschichte, Kultur, Gegenwart.<br />
511) Sach, Jacky; Faust, Jessica: Zen; 1. Aufl.; 2004; Lo<strong>to</strong>s; München; ISBN 3778781669;<br />
Entspannung für Körper und Geist, Kraft und Frieden für die Seele.<br />
512) Beck, Charlotte Joko: Zen im Alltag; 1. Aufl.; 2005; Droemer/Knaur; München; ISBN<br />
3426665611; Aus dem Amerikanischen von Bettine Braun.<br />
513) Carstensen, Kai-Uwe; Ebert, Christian; Endriss, Cornelia et al. (Hrsg.: Computerlinguistik<br />
und Sprachtechnologie; 2., überarb. und erw. Aufl.; 2004; Elsevier; München; ISBN<br />
3827414075; gebunden.<br />
514) Lubkowitz, Mark: Webseiten programmieren und gestalten; 2., erw. Aufl.; 2005; Galileo<br />
Press; Bonn; ISBN 3898425576; Mit CD-ROM.<br />
515) Michel, Reiner M.: Know-how der Unternehmensplanung; 2., völlig neubearb. und erw.<br />
Aufl.; 1991; Sauer; Heidelberg; ISBN 3793870243; Budgetierung, Controlling, Taktische Planung,<br />
Langfristplanung und Strategie.<br />
516) Manekeller, Wolfgang; Reinert-Schneider, Gabriele: Gutes Deutsch schreiben und<br />
sprechen; 1. Aufl.; 1989; Falken; Niedernhausen; ISBN 3806844321; gebunden.<br />
517) Auffarth, Chris<strong>to</strong>ph; Bernard, Jutta; Mohr, Hubert (Hrsg.): Metzler Lexikon Religion<br />
Band 1; 1. Aufl.; 1999; Metzler; Stuttgart; ISBN 3476015513; Gegenwart - Alltag - Medien.<br />
518) Auffarth, Chris<strong>to</strong>ph; Bernard, Jutta; Mohr, Hubert (Hrsg.): Metzler Lexikon Religion<br />
Band 2; 1. Aufl.; 1999; Metzler; Stuttgart; ISBN 3476015521; Gegenwart - Alltag - Medien.<br />
519) Auffarth, Chris<strong>to</strong>ph; Bernard, Jutta; Mohr, Hubert (Hrsg.): Metzler Lexikon Religion<br />
Band 3; 1. Aufl.; 2000; Metzler; Stuttgart; ISBN 347601553X; Gegenwart - Alltag - Medien.<br />
520) Auffarth, Chris<strong>to</strong>ph; Bernard, Jutta; Mohr, Hubert (Hrsg.): Metzler Lexikon Religion<br />
Band 4; 1. Aufl.; 2002; Metzler; Stuttgart; ISBN 3476015548; Gegenwart - Alltag - Medien.<br />
521) ohne Angaben: Lexikon der östlichen Weisheitslehren; Lizenzausg.; 2005; Albatros;<br />
Düsseldorf; ISBN 349196136X; Buddhismus, Hinduismus, Taoismus, Zen.<br />
522) Kreiner, Armin: Das wahre Antlitz Gottes - oder was wir meinen, wenn wir Gott sagen;<br />
1. Aufl.; 2006; Herder; Freiburg; ISBN 3451287765; gebunden.<br />
523) Monroe, Robert A.: Der zweite Körper; Taschenbuchausg.; 2007; Wilhelm Heyne; München;<br />
ISBN 9783453700611; Astral- und Seelenreisen in ferne Sphären der geistigen Welt.<br />
524) ohne Angaben: Brockhaus-Enzyklopädie Band 1; 19., völlig neubearb. Aufl.; 1986;<br />
Brockhaus; Mannheim; ISBN 3765311014; A - Apt.<br />
525) ohne Angaben: Brockhaus-Enzyklopädie Band 2; 19., völlig neubearb. Aufl.; 1987;<br />
Brockhaus; Mannheim; ISBN 3765311022; Apu - Bec.<br />
526) ohne Angaben: Brockhaus-Enzyklopädie Band 3; 19., völlig neubearb. Aufl.; 1987;<br />
Brockhaus; Mannheim; ISBN 3765311030; Bed - Brn.<br />
527) ohne Angaben: Brockhaus-Enzyklopädie Band 4; 19., völlig neubearb. Aufl.; 1987;<br />
Brockhaus; Mannheim; ISBN 3765311049; Bro - Cos.<br />
528) ohne Angaben: Brockhaus-Enzyklopädie Band 5; 19., völlig neubearb. Aufl.; 1988;<br />
Brockhaus; Mannheim; ISBN 3765311057; Cot - Dr.<br />
529) ohne Angaben: Brockhaus-Enzyklopädie Band 6; 19., völlig neubearb. Aufl.; 1988;<br />
Brockhaus; Mannheim; ISBN 3765311065; Ds - Ew und erster Nachtrag.<br />
530) ohne Angaben: Brockhaus-Enzyklopädie Band 7; 19., völlig neubearb. Aufl.; 1988;<br />
Brockhaus; Mannheim; ISBN 3765311073; Ex - Frt.<br />
531) ohne Angaben: Brockhaus-Enzyklopädie Band 8; 19., völlig neubearb. Aufl.; 1989;<br />
Brockhaus; Mannheim; ISBN 3765311081; Fru - Gos.<br />
532) ohne Angaben: Brockhaus-Enzyklopädie Band 9; 19., völlig neubearb. Aufl.; 1989;<br />
Brockhaus; Mannheim; ISBN 376531109X; Got - Herp.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 137 <strong>of</strong> 154
533) ohne Angaben: Brockhaus-Enzyklopädie Band 10; 19., völlig neubearb. Aufl.; 1989;<br />
Brockhaus; Mannheim; ISBN 3765311103; Herr - Is.<br />
534) ohne Angaben: Brockhaus-Enzyklopädie Band 11; 19., völlig neubearb. Aufl.; 1990;<br />
Brockhaus; Mannheim; ISBN 3765311111; It - Kip.<br />
535) ohne Angaben: Brockhaus-Enzyklopädie Band 12; 19., völlig neubearb. Aufl.; 1990;<br />
Brockhaus; Mannheim; ISBN 376531112X; Kir - Lag und zweiter Nachtrag.<br />
536) ohne Angaben: Brockhaus-Enzyklopädie Band 13; 19., völlig neubearb. Aufl.; 1990;<br />
Brockhaus; Mannheim; ISBN 3765311138; Lah - Maf.<br />
537) ohne Angaben: Brockhaus-Enzyklopädie Band 14; 19., völlig neubearb. Aufl.; 1991;<br />
Brockhaus; Mannheim; ISBN 3765311146; Mag - Mod.<br />
538) ohne Angaben: Brockhaus-Enzyklopädie Band 15; 19., völlig neubearb. Aufl.; 1991;<br />
Brockhaus; Mannheim; ISBN 3765311154; Moe - Nor.<br />
539) ohne Angaben: Brockhaus-Enzyklopädie Band 16; 19., völlig neubearb. Aufl.; 1991;<br />
Brockhaus; Mannheim; ISBN 3765311162; Nos - Per.<br />
540) ohne Angaben: Brockhaus-Enzyklopädie Band 17; 19., völlig neubearb. Aufl.; 1992;<br />
Brockhaus; Mannheim; ISBN 3765311170; Pes - Rac.<br />
541) ohne Angaben: Brockhaus-Enzyklopädie Band 18; 19., völlig neubearb. Aufl.; 1992;<br />
Brockhaus; Mannheim; ISBN 3765311189; Rad - Rüs und dritter Nachtrag.<br />
542) ohne Angaben: Brockhaus-Enzyklopädie Band 19; 19., völlig neubearb. Aufl.; 1992;<br />
Brockhaus; Mannheim; ISBN 3765311197; Rut - Sch.<br />
543) ohne Angaben: Brockhaus-Enzyklopädie Band 20; 19., völlig neubearb. Aufl.; 1993;<br />
Brockhaus; Mannheim; ISBN 3765311200; Sci - Sq.<br />
544) ohne Angaben: Brockhaus-Enzyklopädie Band 21; 19., völlig neubearb. Aufl.; 1993;<br />
Brockhaus; Mannheim; ISBN 3765311219; Sr - Teo.<br />
545) ohne Angaben: Brockhaus-Enzyklopädie Band 22; 19., völlig neubearb. Aufl.; 1993;<br />
Brockhaus; Mannheim; ISBN 3765311227; Tep - Ur.<br />
546) ohne Angaben: Brockhaus-Enzyklopädie Band 23; 19., völlig neubearb. Aufl.; 1994;<br />
Brockhaus; Mannheim; ISBN 3765311235; Us - Wej.<br />
547) ohne Angaben: Brockhaus-Enzyklopädie Band 24; 19., völlig neubearb. Aufl.; 1994;<br />
Brockhaus; Mannheim; ISBN 3765311243; Wek - Zz und vierter Nachtrag.<br />
548) Scholze-Stubenrecht, Werner; Sykes, John (Red.): Brockhaus-Enzyklopädie Band 29;<br />
19., völlig neubearb. Aufl.; 1996; Brockhaus; Mannheim; ISBN 3765311294; Wörterbuch<br />
Englisch: Englisch - Deutsch, Deutsch - Englisch.<br />
549) ohne Angaben: Brockhaus-Enzyklopädie Band 30; 19., völlig neubearb. Aufl.; 1996;<br />
Brockhaus; Mannheim; ISBN 3765311316; Ergänzungen A - Z.<br />
550) Hornby, A. S.; Cowie, A. P.; Gimson, A. C.: Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary <strong>of</strong><br />
Current English; 12. Druck; 1981; Cornelsen & Oxford University Press; Berlin; ISBN<br />
3810900486; Revised and updated.<br />
551) Baer, Dieter; Wermke, Matthias (Bearb.): Duden, Das große Fremdwörterbuch; 2., neu<br />
bearb. und erw. Aufl.; 2000; Dudenverlag; Mannheim; ISBN 3411041625; Herkunft und Bedeutung<br />
der Fremdwörter.<br />
552) Müller, Kristiane; Urban, Eberhard (Hrsg.): Die Weibsbilder im Spiegel der Karikatur; 1.<br />
Aufl.; 1987; Edition Aktuell; Menden; ISBN 3924456518; Eine Kultur- und Sittengeschichte<br />
des 19. Jahrhunderts.<br />
553) Bayer, Karl: Nota bene!; 1. Aufl.; 1993; Artemis & Winkler; Zürich; ISBN 3760810926;<br />
Das lateinische Zitatenlexikon.<br />
554) Waechter, Friedrich-Karl: Opa Hucke's Mitmach-Kabinett; 2. Aufl.; 1977; Beltz &<br />
Gelberg; Weinheim; ISBN 3407805152; Jugendbuch.<br />
555) Wulff, David M.: Psychology <strong>of</strong> Religion; 2nd Ed.; 1997; John Wiley & Sons; New York;<br />
ISBN 0471037060; Classic and Contemporary.<br />
556) Bieri, Peter (Hrsg.): Analytische Philosophie des Geistes; 3., unveränd. Aufl.; 1997;<br />
Beltz Athenäum; Weinheim; ISBN 3895471178; Neue wissenschaftliche Bibliothek.<br />
557) Meixner, Uwe: Einführung in die On<strong>to</strong>logie; 1. Aufl.; 2004; Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft;<br />
Darmstadt; ISBN 3534154584; Philosophie.<br />
558) Tiedemann, Paul: Internet für Philosophen; 2., überarb. Aufl.; 1999; Primus; Darmstadt;<br />
ISBN 3896781081; Eine praxisorientierte Einführung.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 138 <strong>of</strong> 154
559) Brüning, Walther: Grundlagen der Strengen Logik; 1. Aufl.; 1996; Königshausen &<br />
Neumann; Würzburg; ISBN 3826012046; Philosophie.<br />
560) Schnell, Rainer; Hill, Paul B.; Esser, Elke: Methoden der empirischen Sozialforschung;<br />
6., völlig überarb. und erw. Aufl.; 1999; Oldenbourg; München; ISBN 3486250434; gebunden.<br />
561) Sikin, Evgenij: Lineare Räume und Abbildungen; 1. Aufl.; 1994; Spektrum, Akademischer<br />
Verlag; Heidelberg; ISBN 3860253050; Mathematik.<br />
562) Sachs, Lothar: Angewandte Statistik; 8., völlig neu bearb. und erw. Aufl.; 1997; Springer;<br />
Berlin; ISBN 3540604948; Anwendung statistischer Methoden.<br />
563) Jänich, Klaus: Lineare Algebra; 2. Aufl.; 1981; Springer; Berlin; ISBN 3540104704; Ein<br />
Skriptum für das erste Semester.<br />
564) Hämmerlin, Günther; H<strong>of</strong>fmann, Karl-Heinz: Numerische Mathematik; 2. Aufl.; 1991;<br />
Springer; Berlin; ISBN 354053539X; Mit 72 Abbildungen.<br />
565) Zimbardo, Philip G.: Psychologie; 4., neubearb. Aufl.; 1983; Springer; Berlin; ISBN<br />
3540121234; Mit 322 zum Teil farbigen Abbildungen.<br />
566) Dambmann, Gerhard; Lange, Helmut; Rohde, Manfred: Mit Edmund Hillary durch den<br />
Himalaya; 2. Aufl.; 1987; Herder; Freiburg; ISBN 3451210754; Mit zahlreichen Abbildungen.<br />
567) Molcho, Samy: Körpersprache; 1. Aufl.; 1984; Mosaik; München; ISBN 3570049736; Mit<br />
Fo<strong>to</strong>grafien von Thomas Klinger und Hans Albrecht Lusznat.<br />
568) Roetzel, Bernhard: Der Gentleman; 1. Aufl.; 1999; Könemann; Köln; ISBN 3895086371;<br />
Handbuch der klassischen Herrenmode.<br />
569) Vass, László; Molnár, Magda: Herrenschuhe handgearbeitet; 1. Aufl.; 1999; Könemann;<br />
Köln; ISBN 3895081116; Fo<strong>to</strong>grafie Georg Valerius.<br />
570) Savant, Marilyn vos; Fleischer, Leonore: BrainBuilding; 1. Aufl.; 1992; Falken;<br />
Niedernhausen; ISBN 3806847045; Das 12-Wochen-Trainingsprogramm für Gedächtnis,<br />
Logik, Kreativität.<br />
571) Hürlimann, Gertrud I.: Astrologie; 3. Aufl.; 1984; Novalis; Schaffhausen; ISBN<br />
3721430026; Ein methodisch aufgebautes Lehrbuch.<br />
572) Jöckle, Clemens: Das große Heiligenlexikon; 1. Aufl.; 2003; Parkland; Köln; ISBN<br />
3893400451; Mit zahlreichen Abbildungen.<br />
573) Halbfas, Hubertus: Die Bibel; 3. Aufl.; 2002; Patmos; Düsseldorf; ISBN 3491703344; Mit<br />
zahlreichen Abbildungen.<br />
574) Halbfas, Hubertus: Das Christentum; 1. Aufl.; 2004; Patmos; Düsseldorf; ISBN<br />
3491703778; Mit zahlreichen Abbildungen.<br />
575) Quinn, Philipp L.; Taliaferro, Charles (Ed.): A Companion <strong>to</strong> Philosophy <strong>of</strong> Religion; 1st<br />
Ed. paperback; 1999; Blackwell; Oxford; ISBN 0631213287; Blackwell Companions <strong>to</strong> Philosophy<br />
9.<br />
576) Cooper, David (Ed.): A Companion <strong>to</strong> Aesthetics; Reprint; 1997; Blackwell; Oxford;<br />
ISBN 0631196595; Blackwell Companions <strong>to</strong> Philosophy 3.<br />
577) Kim, Jaegwon; Sosa, Ernest (Ed.): A Companion <strong>to</strong> Metaphysics; Reprint; 1998; Blackwell;<br />
Oxford; ISBN 0631199993; Blackwell Companions <strong>to</strong> Philosophy 7.<br />
578) Inwagen, Peter van; Zimmerman, Dean W. (Ed.): Metaphysics: The Big Questions; 1st<br />
Ed.; 1998; Blackwell; Oxford; ISBN 0631205888; Philosophy.<br />
579) Bunnin, Nicholas; Tsui-James, E. P. (Ed.): The Blackwell Companion <strong>to</strong> Philosophy;<br />
Reprint; 1998; Blackwell; Oxford; ISBN 0631187898; Blackwell Companions <strong>to</strong> Philosophy 1.<br />
580) Kugler, Gernot; Böhmer, Ernst; Kümmel, Gerd et al.: Kaufmännische Betriebslehre<br />
Hauptausgabe; 20. Aufl.; 1990; Europa-Lehrmittel; Haan-Gruiten; ISBN 3808590203; Verfasst<br />
von Lehrern an Kaufmännischen Schulen.<br />
581) Deitermann, Manfred; Schmolke, Siegfried: Industriebuchführung mit Kosten- und Leistungsrechnung<br />
IKR; 14., durchges. Aufl.; 1990; Winklers; Darmstadt; ISBN 3804566219;<br />
Einführung und Praxis.<br />
582) Bodden, Horst; Kaußen, Herbert; Renné, Rudi: Past and Future; 2. Aufl.; 1980; Langenscheidt-Longman;<br />
München; ISBN 3526503117; Elective Courses in English for Level II.<br />
583) Bates, Martin; Dudley-Evans, Tony: General Science; New Ed.; 1982; Longman; Essex;<br />
ISBN 0582748607; English for Science and Technology.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 139 <strong>of</strong> 154
584) Holtermann, Horst: Ianua Linguae Graecae; 3. Aufl.; 1979; Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht;<br />
Göttingen; ISBN 3525720793; Lese- und Übungsbuch für den griechischen Anfangsunterricht<br />
am Gymnasium.<br />
585) Erdle-Hähner, Rita; Freitag, Günter; Matthes, Dietmar et al. (Hrsg.): Etudes Francaises<br />
Cours Intensif 1; 1. Aufl.; 1980; Klett; Stuttgart; ISBN 3125206006; Schulbuch Französisch.<br />
586) Erdle-Hähner, Rita; Freitag, Günter; Matthes, Dietmar et al. (Hrsg.): Etudes Francaises<br />
Cours Intensif 1; 1. Aufl.; 1981; Klett; Stuttgart; ISBN 3125206200; Grammatisches Beiheft.<br />
587) Erdle-Hähner, Rita; Freitag, Günter; Rolinger, Hermann et al. (Hrsg.): Etudes<br />
Francaises Cours de base Deuxième degré; 1. Aufl.; 1979; Klett; Stuttgart; ISBN<br />
3125202205; Grammatisches Beiheft.<br />
588) Erdle-Hähner, Rita; Freitag, Günter; Rolinger, Hermann et al. (Hrsg.): Etudes<br />
Francaises Cours de base Troisième degré; 1. Aufl.; 1981; Klett; Stuttgart; ISBN<br />
3125203201; Grammatisches Beiheft.<br />
589) Willers, Hermann (Bearb.): Langenscheidts Grammatiktafel Italienisch; 1. Aufl.; 1982;<br />
Langenscheidt; Berlin; ISBN 3468361807; Regeln und zahlreiche praktische Beispiele.<br />
590) Willers, Hermann (Bearb.): Langenscheidts Verb-Tabellen Italienisch; 7. Aufl.; 1982;<br />
Langenscheidt; Berlin; ISBN 3468341814; Unregelmäßige und regelmäßige Verben richtig<br />
konjugiert.<br />
591) Bunke, Horst: Modellgesteuerte Bildanalyse; 1. Aufl.; 1985; Teubner; Stuttgart; ISBN<br />
3519024810; Dargestellt anhand eines Systems zur au<strong>to</strong>matischen Auswertung von Sequenzszintigrammen<br />
des menschlichen Herzens.<br />
592) Baumann, Rüdeger: Informatik mit Pascal; 1. Aufl.; 1981; Klett; Stuttgart; ISBN<br />
3127177402; Schulbuch.<br />
593) Börger, Egon: Berechenbarkeit, Komplexität, Logik; 3., verb. und erw. Aufl.; 1992; Vieweg;<br />
Braunschweig; ISBN 3528289287; Algorithmen, Sprachen und Kalküle unter besonderer<br />
Berücksichtigung ihrer Komplexität.<br />
594) Aho, Alfred V.; Hopcr<strong>of</strong>t, John E.; Ullman, Jeffrey D.: The Design and Analysis <strong>of</strong> Computer<br />
Algorithms; 1st Ed.; 1974; Addison Wesley; London; ISBN 0201000296; Informatics.<br />
595) Grams, Timm: Denkf<strong>all</strong>en und Programmierfehler; 1. Aufl.; 1990; Springer; Berlin; ISBN<br />
3540520392; Mit 17 Abbildungen.<br />
596) Lehnert, Uwe: Der EDV-Dozent; Akt. und erw. Aufl.; 1992; Markt und Technik; Haar;<br />
ISBN 387791201X; Planung und Durchführung von EDV-Lehrveranstaltungen.<br />
597) Woll, Artur: Allgemeine Volkswirtschaftslehre; 10., überarb. und erg. Aufl.; 1990;<br />
Vahlen; München; ISBN 3800614758; Vahlens Handbücher für Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften.<br />
598) Bruce, Betsy: Jetzt lerne ich Dreamweaver 4; 1. Aufl.; 2001; Markt und Technik; München;<br />
ISBN 3827260957; Deutsche Übersetzung: Judith Muhr.<br />
599) Steyer, Ralph: Opera 5; 1. Aufl.; 2001; Markt und Technik; München; ISBN<br />
3827261147; So surfen Sie bequem und schnell durchs Netz!.<br />
600) Sturm, Eberhard: Programmieren in PL/I; 1. Aufl.; 1990; Vieweg; Braunschweig; ISBN<br />
3528047925; Eine moderne Einführung.<br />
601) Todino, Grace; Strang, John; Peek, Jerry: UNIX - ein praktischer Einstieg; 1. Aufl.;<br />
1996; O'Reilly; Bonn; ISBN 3930673290; Erste Schritte mit Unix.<br />
602) Knuth, Donald Ervin: The Art <strong>of</strong> Computer Programming Volume 3; 2nd Ed.; 1998; Addison<br />
Wesley; Reading; ISBN 0201896850; Sorting and Searching.<br />
603) Doberenz, Walter; Kowalski, Thomas: Datenbankprogrammierung mit Visual Basic 6; 1.<br />
Aufl.; 1999; Micros<strong>of</strong>t Press; Unterschleißheim; ISBN 3860634852; Grundlagen, Rezepte<br />
und Anwendungsbeispiele zur Datenbankprogrammierung mit Visual Basic 6, DAO und<br />
ADO.<br />
604) Barnert, Silvia; Boeckh, Martin; Delbrück, Matthias et al.: Der Brockhaus - Computer<br />
und Informationstechnologie; 1. Aufl.; 2002; Brockhaus; Mannheim; ISBN 3765302511;<br />
Hardware, S<strong>of</strong>tware, Multimedia, Internet, Telekommunikation.<br />
605) Andrews, Mark: Visual C++ jetzt!; 1. Aufl.; 1996; Micros<strong>of</strong>t Press; Unterschleißheim;<br />
ISBN 3860630202; Das komplette Lernpaket: mit voll funktionsfähiger Version von Micros<strong>of</strong>t<br />
Visual C++.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 140 <strong>of</strong> 154
606) Steyer, Ralph: Java 2; 1. Aufl.; 2002; Markt und Technik; München; ISBN 3827262429;<br />
Kompakt, komplett, kompetent.<br />
607) Franke, Matthias: Visual Basic 6; 1. Aufl.; 1998; Data Becker; Düsseldorf; ISBN<br />
3815811449; Mit den Supersteps zum Erfolg.<br />
608) Graf, Ludwig (Hrsg.): Telekolleg 2 Datenverarbeitung; 1. Aufl.; 1990; TR-Verlagsunion;<br />
München; ISBN 3805821476; Informatik.<br />
609) Maubach, Claudia; Dörr, Cornelia: 3D WohnDesigner; 3. Aufl.; 1996; Data Becker; Düsseldorf;<br />
ISBN 3815869617; Der Pr<strong>of</strong>i-Designer in einer neuen Generation.<br />
610) Harten, Hans-Ulrich: Physik für Mediziner; 3., neubearb. und erg. Aufl.; 1977; Springer;<br />
Berlin; ISBN 3540081828; Eine Einführung.<br />
611) Jahrreiß, Heribert: Einführung in die Physik für Studenten der Medizin und der Naturwissenschaften;<br />
1. Aufl.; 1977; Deutscher Ärzte-Verlag; Köln-Lövenich; ISBN 3769100352;<br />
Mit vollständiger Berücksichtigung des Gegenstandskatalogs für die Ärztliche Vorprüfung<br />
und entsprechenden Texthinweisen.<br />
612) Rebhan, Eckhard: Theoretische Physik I; 1. Nachdruck; 2001; Spektrum Akademischer<br />
Verlag; Heidelberg; ISBN 3827402468; Mechanik, Elektrodynamik, Relativitätstheorie, Kosmologie.<br />
613) Krueger, Franz R.: Physik und Evolution; 1. Aufl.; 1984; Paul Parey; Berlin; ISBN<br />
348961934X; Physikalische Ansätze zu einer Einheit der Naturwissenschaften auf evolutiver<br />
Grundlage.<br />
614) Haken, Hermann: Synergetik; 1. Aufl.; 1982; Springer; Berlin; ISBN 354011050X; Eine<br />
Einführung.<br />
615) Dorn, Friedrich; Bader, Franz: Physik in einem Band; 1. Aufl.; 1976; Schroedel; Hannover;<br />
ISBN 3507861704; Schulbuch.<br />
616) Hawking, Stephen W.: Eine kurze Geschichte der Zeit; 176.-215. Tsd.; 1988; Rowohlt;<br />
Reinbek; ISBN 3498028847; Die Suche nach der Urkraft des Universums.<br />
617) Kaufmann, H.; Jecklin, L.: Grundlagen der anorganischen Chemie; 8. Aufl.; 1977;<br />
Birkhäuser; Basel; ISBN 3764309377; Chemie.<br />
618) Cuny, Karl-Heinz; Weber, Walter: Chemie - Welt der S<strong>to</strong>ffe; 1. Aufl.; 1975; Schroedel;<br />
Hannover; ISBN 3507861801; Experiment - Struktur - Modell.<br />
619) Mortimer, Charles E.: Chemie; 3., neubearb. Aufl.; 1980; Thieme; Stuttgart; ISBN<br />
313484303X; Das Basiswissen der Chemie in Schwerpunkten.<br />
620) Lipschutz, Seymour: Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung; Nachdruck; 1980; McGraw-Hill;<br />
Düsseldorf; ISBN 0070843619; Theorie und Anwendung.<br />
621) J. Kelly Beatty, Brian O'Leary, Andrew Chaikin (Hrsg.): Die Sonne und ihre Planeten; 1.<br />
Aufl.; 1983; Physik-Verlag; Weinheim; ISBN 3876640563; Weltraumforschung in einer neuen<br />
Dimension.<br />
622) Pugnetti, Gino: Beethoven und seine Zeit; 1. Aufl.; 1965; Vollmer; Wiesbaden; ohne<br />
ISBN; Musiker.<br />
623) Arndt, Claudia Maria; Bernsen, Thomas; Breuer, Klaus et al.: Jahrbuch des Rhein-Sieg-<br />
Kreises 2007; 1. Aufl.; 2006; Edition Blattwelt; Niederh<strong>of</strong>en; ISBN 3936256241; Landschaft<br />
und Natur, Geschichte und Geschichten, Leben und Kultur, Wirtschaft und Technik, Chronik<br />
2005 / 2006.<br />
624) Mayer, Ferdinand (Bearb.): Diercke Weltatlas; 5. Aufl. der Neubearb.; 1975; Westermann;<br />
Braunschweig; ISBN 3141005001; 200 Kartenseiten.<br />
625) The American Astro Analysis Institute (Hrsg.): Jungfrau; 1. Aufl.; 1979; Goldmann;<br />
München; ISBN 3442100283; Astrologie.<br />
626) Orban, Peter; Zinnel, Ingrid; Weller, Thea: Symbolon; 1. Aufl.; 1993; Hugendubel; München;<br />
ISBN 3880347069; Das Spiel der Erinnerungen - Zur Symbolik astrologischer Aspekte.<br />
627) Seifert, Traudl: Heilige in Kunst und Legende; Unveränd. Aufl.; 1973; Schuler; München;<br />
ASIN B0000BNU4O; Mit zahlreichen Abbildungen.<br />
628) Traeger, Jörg: Renaissance und Religion; 1. Aufl.; 1997; C. H. Beck; München; ISBN<br />
3406428010; Die Kunst des Glaubens im Zeitalter Raphaels.<br />
629) Kühn, Helga-Maria; Brinkmann, Jens-Uwe: Göttingen; 1. Aufl.; 1985; Vandenhoeck &<br />
Ruprecht; Göttingen; ISBN 3525391587; Fo<strong>to</strong>s von Helmut Scheiter und Hans Wilder.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 141 <strong>of</strong> 154
630) Lipschutz, Seymour; Poe, Arthur: Programmieren mit FORTRAN einschließlich strukturiertes<br />
FORTRAN; 1. Aufl.; 1981; McGraw-Hill; Hamburg; ISBN 0070920303; Theorie und<br />
Anwendung.<br />
631) Spiegel, Murray R.: Allgemeine Mechanik; Nachdruck; 1979; McGraw-Hill; Düsseldorf;<br />
ISBN 0070843767; Theorie und Anwendung - Mit einer Einführung in die Lagrangeschen<br />
und Hamil<strong>to</strong>nschen Bewegungsgleichungen.<br />
632) Büchner, Rudolf: Bücher und Menschen; 1. Aufl.; 1976; Mohn; Gütersloh; ISBN<br />
3570025012; Vom Buch und seinen Wirkungen in Geschichte und Gegenwart.<br />
633) Connolly, Peter; Dodge, Hazel: Die antike Stadt; 1. Aufl.; 1998; Könemann; Köln; ISBN<br />
3829011040; Das Leben in Athen & Rom.<br />
634) Crosher, Judith: Die Griechen; 1. Aufl.; 1976; Falken; Wiesbaden; ISBN 380688019;<br />
Große Völker der Vergangenheit.<br />
635) Goscinny, Rene; Uderzo, Albert: Obelix GmbH & Co.KG; Nachdruck; 1984; Delta;<br />
Stuttgart; ISBN 3770400232; Großer Asterix-Band XXIII.<br />
636) Bretecher, Claire: Dok<strong>to</strong>r med. Bobo; 1. Aufl.; 1986; Rowohlt; Reinbek; ISBN<br />
3498005014; Sprechstunden nach Vereinbarung.<br />
637) Bretecher, Claire: Agrippina; 16.-23. Tsd.; 1989; Rowohlt; Reinbek; ISBN 3498005324;<br />
Mozart ist Asche bis auf die Musik zum Film.<br />
638) Moers, Walter: Kleines Arschloch; 5. Aufl.; 1991; Eichborn; Frankfurt am Main; ISBN<br />
382183000X; Prrrffzzz!!!.<br />
639) Müller, Siegfried; Rolinger, Hermann; Wüst, Arthur (Hrsg.): Etudes Francaises Cours de<br />
base Premier degré; 1. Aufl.; 1977; Klett; Stuttgart; ISBN 3125201500; Cahier d'exercices.<br />
640) Erdle-Hähner, Rita; Rolinger, Hermann; Wüst, Arthur (Hrsg.): Etudes Francaises Cours<br />
de base Deuxième degré; 1. Aufl.; 1979; Klett; Stuttgart; ISBN 3125202507; Cahier<br />
d'exercices.<br />
641) Erdle-Hähner, Rita; Rolinger, Hermann; Wüst, Arthur (Hrsg.): Etudes Francaises Cours<br />
de base Troisième degré; 1. Aufl.; 1981; Klett; Stuttgart; ISBN 3125203503; Cahier<br />
d'exercices.<br />
642) Keller, Will (Hrsg.): Merian Berlin; 1. Aufl.; 1989; H<strong>of</strong>fmann & Campe; Hamburg; ISBN<br />
345528907X; Monatsheft der Städte und Landschaften.<br />
643) Keller, Will (Hrsg.): Merian Deutsche Ost<strong>see</strong>küste; 1. Aufl.; 1994; H<strong>of</strong>fmann & Campe;<br />
Hamburg; ISBN 3455294057; Monatsheft der Städte und Landschaften.<br />
644) Heine, Helme: Uhren haben keine Bremse; Orig.ausg.; 1985; Diogenes; Zürich; ISBN<br />
3257020139; Car<strong>to</strong>ons.<br />
645) Goscinny, Rene; Uderzo, Albert: Asterix und Cleopatra; 2. Aufl.; 2004; Delta; Stuttgart;<br />
ISBN 3770400569; Großer Asterix-Band II.<br />
646) Goscinny, Rene; Uderzo, Albert: Streit um Asterix; 9. Aufl.; 2004; Delta; Stuttgart; ISBN<br />
3770400151; Großer Asterix-Band XV.<br />
647) Goscinny, Rene; Uderzo, Albert: Die Lorbeeren des Cäsar; 6. Aufl.; 2007; Delta; Stuttgart;<br />
ISBN 3770400186; Großer Asterix-Band XVIII.<br />
648) Holl, Adolf: Religionssoziologie; 1. Aufl.; 1995; ÖBV Pädagogischer Verlag; Wien; ISBN<br />
3215073374; Materialien und Texte zur Politischen Bildung Band 8.<br />
649) Abel, Dietrich von; Fink, Cornelia; Gillh<strong>of</strong>er, Peter et al.: Wie? Warum? Weshalb?; 1.<br />
Aufl.; 1991; Das Beste; Stuttgart; ISBN 387070375X; Verblüffende Ideen, geniale Lösungen,<br />
faszinierende Fakten aus Natur und Technik.<br />
650) Shelly, Gary B.; Cashman, Thomas J.; Goodwin, Hal: RPG II, RPG III, and RPG/400;<br />
1st Ed.; 1990; Boyd & Fraser; Bos<strong>to</strong>n; ISBN 0878352465; Informatics.<br />
651) Bühl, Achim; Zöfel, Peter: SPSS für Windows Version 6.1; 3., überarb. und erg. Aufl.;<br />
1996; Addison Wesley; Bonn; ISBN 3827311349; Praxisorientierte Einführung in die moderne<br />
Datenanalyse.<br />
652) Bühler, Walter K.: Gauss; 1. Aufl.; 1986; Springer; Berlin; ISBN 3540168834; Eine biographische<br />
Studie.<br />
653) Trökes, Anna: Yoga; 1. Aufl.; 2003; Klett; Stuttgart; ISBN 3129398732; Ankommen in<br />
Körper, Geist und Atem.<br />
654) Engelhardt, Friedrich Rudolf: Das Wissen von der Hand; 1. Aufl.; 1987; Hugendubel;<br />
München; ISBN 3880343276; Handlesekunst als Wissenschaft.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 142 <strong>of</strong> 154
655) Goldmann, Gereon: Tödliche Schatten - Tröstendes Licht; 10., erw. dt. Aufl.; 2005;<br />
EOS-Verlag; St. Ottilien; ISBN 3830671385; Erinnerungen von Pater Gereon Goldmann.<br />
656) Virtue, Doreen: Dein Leben im Licht; 4. Aufl.; 2007; Ullstein; Berlin; ISBN<br />
9783548742328; Heilung durch Selbsterkenntnis.<br />
657) Fischer, Peter: Philosophie der Religion; 1. Aufl.; 2007; Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht; Göttingen;<br />
ISBN 9783525036167; Taschenbuch.<br />
658) Gerwin, Hanno: Was Deutschlands Prominente glauben; 1. Aufl.; 2006; Goldmann;<br />
München; ISBN 3442154200; Taschenbuch.<br />
659) Praagh, James van: Jenseitswelten; 4. Aufl.; 2006; Goldmann; München; ISBN<br />
3442216249; Erkenntnisse über das Leben nach dem Tode.<br />
660) Browne, Sylvia: Jenseits-Leben; 4. Aufl.; 2006; Goldmann; München; ISBN<br />
3442216036; Berichte eines Mediums aus der geistigen Welt.<br />
661) Easwaran, Eknath (Übers.): Dhammapada; 1. Aufl.; 2006; Goldmann; München; ISBN<br />
3442217644; Buddhas zentrale Lehren.<br />
662) Libet, Benjamin: Mind Time; 1. Aufl.; 2007; Suhrkamp; Frankfurt am Main; ISBN<br />
9783518294345; Wie das Gehirn Bewusstsein produziert.<br />
663) Schwanitz, Dietrich: Bildung; 21. Aufl.; 2002; Goldmann; München; ISBN<br />
9783442151479; Alles, was man wissen muss.<br />
664) Englisch, Andreas: Johannes Paul II.; 5. Aufl.; 2003; Ullstein; München; ISBN<br />
3550075766; Das Geheimnis des Karol Wojtyla.<br />
665) Hartlieb, Gabriele; Quarch, Chris<strong>to</strong>ph; Schellenberger, Bernardin (Hrsg: Spirituell leben;<br />
1. Aufl.; 2006; Herder; Freiburg; ISBN 9783451056994; Haltungen - Übungen - Inspirationen.<br />
666) Luhmann, Niklas: Liebe als Passion; 1. Aufl.; 1994; Suhrkamp; Frankfurt; ISBN<br />
3518287249; Zur Codierung von Intimität.<br />
667) Mello, Anthony de: Wo das Glück zu finden ist; 9., durchges. Aufl.; 2004; Herder; Freiburg;<br />
ISBN 3451284014; Weisheitsgeschichten für jeden Tag.<br />
668) Drewermann, Eugen: Wozu Religion?; 4. Aufl.; 2006; Herder; Freiburg; ISBN<br />
9783451053801; Sinnfindung in Zeiten der Gier nach Macht und Geld.<br />
669) Küng, Hans: Wozu Weltethos?; 1. Aufl.; 2006; Herder; Freiburg; ISBN 9783451057977;<br />
Religion und Ethik in Zeiten der Globalisierung.<br />
670) Aurobindo, Sri: Savitri; 3., unveränd. Aufl.; 2006; Hinder & Deelmann; Gladenbach;<br />
ISBN 3873481510; Legende und Sinnbild.<br />
671) Aurobindo, Sri: Das göttliche Leben - Erstes Buch; 3., unveränd. Aufl.; 2002; Hinder &<br />
Deelmann; Gladenbach; ISBN 3873481723; The Life Divine.<br />
672) Aurobindo, Sri: Das göttliche Leben - Zweites Buch Teil 1; 3., unveränd. Aufl.; 2004;<br />
Hinder & Deelmann; Gladenbach; ISBN 3873481456; The Life Divine.<br />
673) Aurobindo, Sri: Das göttliche Leben - Zweites Buch Teil 2; 3., unveränd. Aufl.; 2004;<br />
Hinder & Deelmann; Gladenbach; ISBN 3873481464; The Life Divine.<br />
674) Fox, Matthew; Sheldrake, Rupert: Engel; 1. Aufl.; 2001; Bechtermünz; Augsburg; ISBN<br />
3828934129; Die kosmische Intelligenz.<br />
675) Müller, Werner A.; Hassel, Monika: Entwicklungsbiologie und Reproduktionsbiologie<br />
von Mensch und Tieren; 4., vollst. überarb. Aufl.; 2006; Springer; Berlin; ISBN 3540240578;<br />
Ein einführendes Lehrbuch.<br />
676) Görnitz, Thomas; Görnitz, Brigitte: Die Evolution des Geistigen; 1. Aufl.; 2008;<br />
Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht; Göttingen; ISBN 9783525567173; Quantenphysik - Bewusstsein -<br />
Religion.<br />
677) Thompson, Richard F.: Das Gehirn; 3. Aufl.; 2001; Spektrum Akademischer Verlag;<br />
Heidelberg; ISBN 3827410800; Von der Nervenzelle zur Verhaltenssteuerung.<br />
678) Hitchens, Chris<strong>to</strong>pher: God is Not Great; 1st Ed.; 2008; Atlantic Books; London; ISBN<br />
9781843545743; How Religion Poisons Everything.<br />
679) Morandini, Simone: Teologia e fisica; 1. ed.; 2007; Morcelliana; Brescia; ISBN<br />
9788837221157; Novecen<strong>to</strong> teologico.<br />
680) Hahn, Chris<strong>to</strong>ph; Hohl, Siegmar (Hrsg.): Der große Museumsführer; Akt. Sonderausg.;<br />
2002; Bassermann; München; ISBN 3809450138; Sammlungen zu Kunst, Kultur, Natur und<br />
Technik in Deutschland.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 143 <strong>of</strong> 154
681) Düwell, Marcus; Hübenthal, Chris<strong>to</strong>ph; Werner, Micha H. (Hrsg.): Handbuch Ethik; 2.,<br />
akt. u. erw. Aufl.; 2006; Metzler; Stuttgart; ISBN 3476021246; Ansätze, Formen und zentrale<br />
Begriffe.<br />
682) Höffe, Otfried (Hrsg.): Lexikon der Ethik; 7., neubearb. u. erw. Aufl.; 2008; Beck; München;<br />
ISBN 9783406568107; in Zusammenarbeit mit Maximilian Forschner, Chris<strong>to</strong>ph Horn<br />
und Wilhelm Vossenkuhl.<br />
683) Remus, Joscha: Infonautik; 1. Aufl.; 2005; Gabal; Offenbach; ISBN 3897495643; Wege<br />
durch den Wissensdschungel.<br />
684) Birkenbihl, Vera F.: Das innere Archiv; 4. erw. Aufl.; 2007; MVG; München; ISBN<br />
9783636072061; Fortsetzung von "Stroh im Kopf?".<br />
685) Williams, Thomas D.: Greater Than You Think; 1st Ed.; 2008; Faithwords; New York;<br />
ISBN 0446514934; A Theologian Answers the Atheists About God.<br />
686) Stilman, Anne: Grammatic<strong>all</strong>y Correct; Rev. Ed.; 2004; Writers Digest; Cincinnati; ISBN<br />
1582973318; The writer's essential guide <strong>to</strong> punctuation, spellling, style, usage and grammar.<br />
687) Schweitzer, Friedrich: Religionspädagogik; 1. Aufl.; 2006; Gütersloher Verlagshaus;<br />
Gütersloh; ISBN 9783579054025; Lehrbuch Praktische Theologie Band 1.<br />
688) Stiftung, Bertelsmann: Relgionsmoni<strong>to</strong>r 2008; 1. Aufl.; 2007; Gütersloher Verlagshaus;<br />
Gütersloh; ISBN 9783579064659; Kommentierte Statistik.<br />
689) Schockenh<strong>of</strong>f, Eberhard: Grundlegung der Ethik; 1. Aufl.; 2007; Herder; Freiburg; ISBN<br />
9783451289385; Ein theologischer Entwurf.<br />
690) Brück, Michael von (Hrsg.): Religion - Segen oder Fluch der Menschheit?; 1. Aufl.;<br />
2008; Verlag der Weltreligionen; Frankfurt; ISBN 9783458710165; Gefördert durch die Udo<br />
Keller Stiftung Forum Humanum.<br />
691) Frielingsdorf, Karl: Mein Leben mit Gott versöhnen; 1. Aufl.; 2008; Echter; Würzburg;<br />
ISBN 9783429029777; Ein Kursbuch für geistliches Wachsen und Begleiten.<br />
692) Rias-Bucher, Barbara: Vitamin-Küche; 1. Aufl.; 1997; Das Beste; Stuttgart; ISBN<br />
3870706694; Die köstlichsten Rezepte für Gemüse, Salat, Getreide und Früchte.<br />
693) Osho: Der Gott, den es nicht gibt; 1. Aufl.; 2008; Ullstein; Berlin; ISBN 9783548741604;<br />
Westliche Religion und die Lüge von Gott.<br />
694) Goleman, Daniel: Soziale Intelligenz; 1. Aufl.; 2008; Knaur; München; ISBN<br />
9783426780886; Wer auf andere zugehen kann, hat mehr vom Leben.<br />
695) Hegi, Chris<strong>to</strong>ph; Attinger, Gabrielle: Marco Polo Reiseführer Zürich; 8., akt. Aufl.; 2008;<br />
Mairdumont; Ostfildern; ISBN 9783829705950; Reisen mit Insider-Tipps.<br />
696) Stiglitz, Joseph: Die Chancen der Globalisierung; 1. Aufl.; 2008; Pantheon; München;<br />
ISBN 9783570550489; Aus dem amerikanischen Englisch von Thorsten Schmidt.<br />
697) Wessels, Wolfgang: Das politische System der Europäischen Union; 1. Aufl.; 2008; Verlag<br />
für Sozialwissenschaften; Wiesbaden; ISBN 9783810040657; Politikwissenschaft.<br />
698) Leif, Thomas; Speth, Rudolf (Hrsg.): Die fünfte Gewalt; 1. Aufl.; 2006; Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften;<br />
Wiesbaden; ISBN 3531150332; Lobbyismus in Deutschland.<br />
699) Marsch<strong>all</strong>, Stefan: Parlamentarismus; 1. Aufl.; 2005; Nomos; Baden-Baden; ISBN<br />
383291062X; Eine Einführung.<br />
700) Aris<strong>to</strong>teles: Über die Seele; 1. Aufl.; 2007; Voltmedia; Paderborn; ISBN<br />
9783867636056; Worte, die die Welt veränderten.<br />
701) Samuelson, Paul A.; Nordhaus, William D.: Volkswirtschaftslehre; 3., akt. Aufl.; 2007;<br />
mi-Fachverlag; Landsberg; ISBN 9783636031129; Das internationale Standardwerk der<br />
Makro- und Mikroökonomie.<br />
702) Osho: Au<strong>to</strong>biographie; 2. Aufl.; 2007; Ullstein; Berlin; ISBN 9783548742526; Begegnung<br />
mit dem rebellischen Meister.<br />
703) Ziegler, Jean: Das Imperium der Schande; 3. Aufl.; 2008; Goldmann; München; ISBN<br />
9783442155132; Der Kampf gegen Armut und Unterdrückung.<br />
704) Nuscheler, Franz: Lern- und Arbeitsbuch Entwicklungspolitik; 6. Aufl.; 2005; Dietz;<br />
Bonn; ISBN 3801203506; Eine grundlegende Einführung in die zentralen entwicklungspolitischen<br />
Themenfelder Globalisierung, Staatsversagen, Hunger, Bevölkerung, Wirtschaft und<br />
Umwelt.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 144 <strong>of</strong> 154
705) Rekacewicz, Philippe (Ill.): Atlas der Globalisierung; 2., durchges. Aufl.; 2006; Taz; Berlin;<br />
ISBN 9783937683072; Die neuen Daten und Fakten zur Lage der Welt.<br />
706) Nohlen, Dieter; Schultze, Rainer-Olaf (Hrsg.): Lexikon der Politikwissenschaft Band 1 A-<br />
M; 3., akt. und erw. Aufl.; 2005; Beck; München; ISBN 340654116X; Theorien, Methoden,<br />
Begriffe.<br />
707) Nohlen, Dieter; Schultze, Rainer-Olaf (Hrsg.): Lexikon der Politikwissenschaft Band 2<br />
N-Z; 3., akt. und erw. Aufl.; 2005; Beck; München; ISBN 3406541178; Theorien, Methoden,<br />
Begriffe.<br />
708) Hilger, Georg; Ritter, Werner H.: Religionsdidaktik Grundschule; 2. Aufl.; 2008; Kösel;<br />
München; ISBN 9783466367078; Handbuch für die Praxis des evangelischen und katholischen<br />
Religionsunterrichts.<br />
709) Wilber, Ken: Eros, Kosmos, Logos; 4. Aufl.; 2006; Fischer; Frankfurt; ISBN<br />
9783596149742; Eine Jahrtausend-Vision.<br />
710) Mutius, Bernhard von: Die Verwandlung der Welt; 1. Aufl.; 2000; Klett-Cotta; Stuttgart;<br />
ISBN 3608942718; Ein Dialog mit der Zukunft.<br />
711) Holtfrerich, Carl-Ludwig: Wo sind die Jobs?; 1. Aufl.; 2007; Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt;<br />
München; ISBN 9783421042774; Eine Streitschrift für mehr Arbeit.<br />
712) Osho: Intelligenz; 2. Aufl.; 2008; Ullstein; Berlin; ISBN 9783548741611; Die kreative<br />
Antwort zum Jetzt.<br />
713) Ulich, Eberhard: Arbeitspsychologie; 6., überarb. u. erw. Aufl.; 2005; vdf Hochschulverlag;<br />
Zürich; ISBN 3728129984; Text- und Lehrbuch, Informations- und Nachschlagewerk.<br />
714) Dreikurs, Rudolf; Soltz, Vicki: Kinder fordern uns heraus; 16. Aufl.; 2008; Klett-Cotta;<br />
Stuttgart; ISBN 9783608944006; Wie erziehen wir sie zeitgemäß?.<br />
715) Fischer, Marcus: Ubuntu GNU/Linux; 4., akt. und erw. Aufl.; 2009; Galileo Press; Bonn;<br />
ISBN 9783836214391; Das umfassende Handbuch.<br />
716) Chopra, Deepak: Die göttliche Kraft; 4. Aufl.; 2006; Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag;<br />
München; ISBN 9783423362726; Die sieben Stufen der spirituellen Erkenntnis.<br />
717) Birkenbihl, Vera F.: Rhe<strong>to</strong>rik; 10. Aufl.; 2002; Aris<strong>to</strong>n; München; ISBN 3720522997;<br />
Redetraining für jeden Anlass.<br />
718) Sandel, Michael J.: Plädoyer gegen die Perfektion; 1. Aufl.; 2008; Berlin University<br />
Press; Berlin; ISBN 9783940432032; Ethik im Zeitalter der genetischen Technik.<br />
719) Kuan, Yu-Chien; Häring-Kuan, Petra: Der China-Knigge; 6. Aufl.; 2008; Fischer; Frankfurt;<br />
ISBN 9783596166848; Eine Gebrauchsanweisung für das Reich der Mitte.<br />
720) Ess, Hans van: Die 101 wichtigsten Fragen; 1. Aufl.; 2008; Beck; München; ISBN<br />
9783406568084; China.<br />
721) Vitzthum, Wolfgang Graf (Hrsg.): Völkerrecht; 4., neu bearb. Aufl.; 2007; De Gruyter;<br />
Berlin; ISBN 9783899494259; Lehrbuch.<br />
722) Grill, Bartholomäus: Ach, Afrika; 6. Aufl.; 2005; Goldmann; München; ISBN<br />
9783442153374; Berichte aus dem Inneren eines Kontinents.<br />
723) Stang, Friedrich: Indien; 1. Aufl.; 2002; Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft; Darmstadt;<br />
ISBN 3534062108; Mit 98 Abbildungen, 82 Bildern.<br />
724) Johnen, Kurt: Allgemeine Musiklehre; 21. Aufl.; 2008; Reclam; Stuttgart; ISBN<br />
9783150073520; Mit zahlreichen Notenbeispielen.<br />
725) Michels, Ulrich: dtv-Atlas Musik; 1. Aufl.; 2008; Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag; München;<br />
ISBN 3423085991; Mit 250 Abbildungsseiten in Farbe.<br />
726) Oberh<strong>of</strong>fer, Heinrich: Harmonie- und Kompositionslehre; 1. Aufl.; 2006; Elibron; New<br />
York; ISBN 0543838323; Mit besonderer Rücksicht auf das Orgelspiel in katholischen Kirchen.<br />
727) Kuhn, Clemens: Formenlehre der Musik; 8. Aufl.; 2007; Bärenreiter; Kassel; ISBN<br />
9783761813928; Mit Notenbeispielen.<br />
728) Krämer, Thomas: Harmonielehre im Selbststudium; Neuausg.; 2006; Breitkopf & Härtel;<br />
Wiesbaden; ISBN 376510261X; Mit Notenbeispielen.<br />
729) Kellert, Peter; Fritsch, Markus: Arrangieren und Produzieren; 4., überarb. Aufl.; 2005;<br />
Leu; Bergisch-Gladbach; ISBN 3928825224; Musikarbeitsbuch mit CD.<br />
730) Martinus: Das Dritte Testament - Livets Bog 2; 1. Aufl.; 2001; Martinus Verlag; Ockenfels;<br />
ISBN 3938189312; Martinus-Institut Kopenhagen.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 145 <strong>of</strong> 154
731) Martinus: Das Dritte Testament - Das ewige Weltbild 1; 1. Aufl.; 1988; Martinus Verlag;<br />
Ockenfels; ISBN 3938189371; Martinus-Institut Kopenhagen.<br />
732) Baker, Jill (Hrsg.): Weltatlas & Länderlexikon; Gen. Sonderausg.; 2010; Tandem; Königswinter;<br />
ohne ISBN; Alle Staaten der Erde mit ausführlichen Artikeln.<br />
733) Gogh, Vincent van: Van Gogh; 1. Aufl.; 2002; Belser; Stuttgart; ISBN 3763024042;<br />
Vorwort von Robert Hughes.<br />
734) Oerter, Rolf; Montada, Leo (Hrsg.): Entwicklungspsychologie; 6., vollst. überarb. Aufl.;<br />
2008; Beltz; Weinheim; ISBN 9783621276078; Lehrbuch.<br />
735) Louis, Dirk: Visual C++ 2008; 1. Aufl.; 2008; Markt + Technik; München; ISBN<br />
9783827243232; Das umfassende Handbuch für Programmierer.<br />
736) Klüver, Henning; Eder, Florian: Marco Polo Reiseführer Mailand/Lombardei; 4., akt.<br />
Aufl.; 2010; Mairdumont; Ostfildern; ISBN 9783829704847; Mit Reise-Atlas.<br />
737) Galenschovski, Carmen: Florenz; 9. Aufl.; 2007; Baedeker; Ostfildern; ISBN<br />
9783829711517; Reiseführer mit großem Cityplan.<br />
738) Korte, Karl-Rudolf; Fröhlich, Manuel: Politik und Regieren in Deutschland; 3., akt. u.<br />
überarb. Aufl.; 2009; Schöningh; Paderborn; ISBN 978382522436; Strukturen, Prozesse,<br />
Entscheidungen.<br />
739) Walter, Wolfgang: Analysis 2; 5., erw. Aufl.; 2002; Springer; Berlin; ISBN 3540429530;<br />
Mit über 160 Aufgaben und Lösungen.<br />
740) Henkel, Hans-Olaf: Der Kampf um die Mitte; 1. Aufl.; 2007; Droemer; München; ISBN<br />
9783426274231; Mein Bekenntnis zum Bürgertum.<br />
741) Landers, Dieter; Rogge, Lothar: Nichtstandard Analysis; 1. Aufl.; 1994; Springer; Berlin;<br />
ISBN 3540571159; Mit 204 Übungsaufgaben.<br />
742) Schwarz, Hans Rudolf; Köckler, Norbert: Numerische Mathematik; 7., überarb. Aufl.;<br />
2009; Vieweg + Teubner; Wiesbaden; ISBN 9783834806833; Mit Online-Service.<br />
743) Musch, Hans (Hrsg.): Musik im Gottesdienst - Band 2; 4., erw. u. verb. Aufl.; 1994;<br />
ConBrio; Regensburg; ISBN 3930079224; Musiklehre, Gemeindeliedführung, Neue Geistliche<br />
Lieder, Orgelkunde, Stimmbildung, Chorleitung, Kinderchor, Lexikon.<br />
744) Smyth, Bill: Computing Patterns in Strings; 1st Ed.; 2003; Pearson Education; Essex;<br />
ISBN 0201398397; Monograph.<br />
745) Willberg, Brigitte und Hans Peter (Bearb.): Evangelisches Gesangbuch; 4., überarb.<br />
Aufl.; 2007; Lutherische Verlagsgesellschaft; Kiel; ISBN 9783875031126; Sonderausgabe.<br />
746) Kinder, Hermann; Hilgemann, Werner: dtv-Atlas zur Weltgeschichte Band I; 28. Aufl.;<br />
1994; Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag; München; ISBN 3423030011; Von den Anfängen bis<br />
zur Französischen Revolution.<br />
747) Dörner, Dietrich: Bauplan für eine Seele; 1. Aufl.; 2001; Rowohlt Taschenbuch Verlag;<br />
Reinbek; ISBN 3499611937; Science Sachbuch.<br />
748) Kleis, Constanze: Gebrauchsanweisung für Frankfurt am Main; 2. Aufl.; 2010; Piper;<br />
München; ISBN 9783492275798; Stadtbeschreibung.<br />
749) Asendorpf, Jens B.: Psychologie der Persönlichkeit; 4., überarb. u. erw. Aufl.; 2007;<br />
Springer; Heidelberg; ISBN 9783540716846; Lehrbuch.<br />
750) Friedman, Thomas L.: Die Welt ist flach; 1. Aufl.; 2008; Suhrkamp; Frankfurt; ISBN<br />
9783518459645; Akt. u. erw. Taschenbuchausgabe.<br />
751) Grune, Dick; Jacobs, Ceriel J. H.: Parsing Techniques; 2nd Ed.; 2009; Springer; New<br />
York; ISBN 9781441919014; A Practical Guide.<br />
752) Needham, Tristan: Visual Complex Analysis; Reprint; 1998; Oxford University Press;<br />
New York; ISBN 9780198534464; Including non-Euclidean geometry.<br />
753) Rohr, Richard: Pure Präsenz; 2. Aufl.; 2010; Claudius; München; ISBN<br />
9783532624135; Sehen lernen wie die Mystiker.<br />
754) Terwitte, Paulus: Das Leben findet heute statt!; 1. Aufl.; 2010; Rowohlt Taschenbuch<br />
Verlag; Reinbek; ISBN 9783499624445; Ein Anschlag auf die Vertröstungsgesellschaft.<br />
755) Schmidt, Robin: Rudolf Steiner; 1. Aufl.; 2011; Verlag am Goetheanum; Dornach; ISBN<br />
9783723514238; Skizze seines Lebens.<br />
756) Asserate, Asfa-Wossen: Afrika; 1. Aufl.; 2010; C. H. Beck; München; ISBN<br />
9783406600968; Die 101 wichtigsten Fragen und Antworten.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 146 <strong>of</strong> 154
757) Ai, Weiwei: Macht euch keine Illusionen über mich; 1. Aufl.; 2011; Galiani; Berlin; ISBN<br />
9783869710495; Der verbotene Blog.<br />
758) Kris<strong>to</strong>f, Nicholas D.; WuDunn, Sheryl: Die Hälfte des Himmels; 1. Aufl.; 2011; C. H.<br />
Beck; München; ISBN 9783406621802; Wie Frauen weltweit für eine bessere Zukunft kämpfen.<br />
759) <strong>Haase</strong>, <strong>Boris</strong>: Relil; 1. Aufl.; 2011; Epubli; Berlin; ISBN 9783844208726; Religion und<br />
Lebensweg.<br />
760) Bartels, Henning: Die Piratenpartei; 1. Aufl.; 2009; Contumax; Berlin; ISBN<br />
9783861990017; Entstehung, Forderungen und Perspektiven der Bewegung.<br />
761) Jehde, Manfred; Schippen, Michael; Wunsch, Alfred S.: Faszination Mittelalter; ohne<br />
Angabe; 2011; Lingen; Köln; ohne ISBN; Rätsel und Geheimnisse einer Epoche.<br />
762) Grund, Stefan; Iken, Matthias; Lauterbach, Jörn et al.: Hamburger Momente; 1. Aufl.;<br />
2010; Hamburger Abendblatt; Hamburg; ISBN 9783939716365; 100 Kolumnen mit ganz besonderen<br />
Einblicken in den Alltag der Hansestadt.<br />
763) Gelbaum, Bernard R.; Olmsted, John M. H.: Counterexamples in Analysis; Republ.,<br />
unabr., slightly corr.; 2003; Dover Publications; Mineola, New York; ISBN 9780486428758;<br />
Mathematics.<br />
764) Köhler, Günter: Analysis; 1. Aufl.; 2006; Heldermann; Lemgo; ISBN 3885381141; Mit<br />
Aufgaben von Jürgen Grahl.<br />
765) Rudin, Walter: Reelle und Komplexe Analysis; 2., verb. Aufl.; 2009; Oldenbourg; München;<br />
ISBN 9783486591866; Mathematik.<br />
766) Gawin, Izabella; Schulze, Dieter: CityTrip Bremen; 2., neu bearb. u. kompl. akt. Aufl.;<br />
2010; Reise Know-How Verlag; Bielefeld; ISBN 9783831718641; Reiseführer mit großem<br />
CityAtlas.<br />
767) Höhne, Wieland; Missler, Eva et al.: Hamburg; 14. Aufl.; 2009; Baedeker; Ostfildern;<br />
ISBN 9783829710336; Reiseführer mit großem Cityplan.<br />
768) Fröba, Stephanie; Wassermann, Alfred: Die bedeutendsten Mathematiker; 1. Aufl.;<br />
2007; Marixverlag; Wiesbaden; ISBN 9783865399168; Biografisch-werkgeschichtliche Porträts.<br />
769) Woyke, Wichard (Hrsg.): Handwörterbuch Internationale Politik; 10., durchges. Aufl.;<br />
2006; Budrich; Opladen; ISBN 9783825207021; Politikwissenschaft.<br />
770) Werth, Reinhard: Die Natur des Bewusstseins; 1. Aufl.; 2010; Beck; München; ISBN<br />
9783406605949; Wie Wahrnehmung und freier Wille im Gehirn entstehen.<br />
771) Hörmander, Lars: An Introduction <strong>to</strong> Complex Analysis in Several Variables; 2nd Ed.;<br />
1973; North-Holland; Amsterdam; ohne ISBN; Mathematics.<br />
772) Fritzsche, Klaus; Grauert, Hans: From Holomorphic Functions <strong>to</strong> Complex Manifolds;<br />
1st Ed.; 2002; Springer; New York; ISBN 0387953957; Graduate Texts in Mathematics.<br />
773) Wells, Raymond O. Jr.: Differential Analysis on Complex Manifolds; 3rd Ed.; 2008;<br />
Springer; New York; ISBN 9781441925350; Graduate Texts in Mathematics.<br />
774) Müller-Burzler, Henning: Auf den Spuren der Methusalem-Ernährung; 7. Aufl.; 2011;<br />
Windpferd; Oberstdorf; ISBN 9783893854370; Die Wiederentdeckung der Heil- und Aufbaukräfte<br />
der Nahrung.<br />
775) Vanderbei, Robert J.: Linear Programming; 3rd Ed.; 2008; Springer; New York; ISBN<br />
9780387743875; Foundations and Extensions.<br />
776) Bazaraa, Mokhtar S.; Sherali, Hanif D.; Shetty, C. M.: Nonlinear Programming; 3rd Ed.;<br />
2006; Wiley; Hoboken; ISBN 9780471486008; Theory and Algorithms.<br />
777) Dantzig, George B.: Lineare Programmierung und Erweiterungen; 1. Aufl.; 1966;<br />
Springer; Berlin; ASIN B0000BQFZ8; Ökonomie und Unternehmungsforschung II.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 147 <strong>of</strong> 154
Subject Catalogue<br />
A • B • C • D • E • F • G • H • I • J • K • L • M • N • O • P • Q • R • S • T • U • V • W • X • Y • Z<br />
A<br />
Achievement Interview<br />
Activities Current<br />
Advantages Reference Theory<br />
Ambisexuality Ambisexuality, Linguistics<br />
Amplitude Oscillations<br />
B<br />
Bit Binary <strong>font</strong><br />
Bitsort Sorting and Searching<br />
Books Bibliography<br />
C<br />
Calculation <strong>of</strong> lengths Calculation <strong>of</strong> Times<br />
Calculation <strong>of</strong> times Mathematics, Calculation <strong>of</strong> Times<br />
Calculations <strong>of</strong> errors Oscillations<br />
Calendar Calculation <strong>of</strong> Times<br />
Clare Informatics, Programming with Stair<br />
Classification Equitable Distributing<br />
Clothes Internet and Co<br />
Consciousness Consciousness<br />
Contents Internet and Co<br />
Continuum Reference Theory<br />
Cube Universe<br />
Cycloid pendulum Oscillations<br />
D<br />
Determinism Knowledge Representation<br />
Dihairesis Reference Theory<br />
Direction way Oscillations<br />
Discussion Oscillations<br />
E<br />
Earthday Calculation <strong>of</strong> Times<br />
Ellipse pendulum Oscillations<br />
Email Internet and Co<br />
Equitable distributing Mathematics, Equitable Distributing<br />
Evolute Oscillations<br />
Exams Internet and Co<br />
Exchanges Reference Theory<br />
Experiment Oscillations<br />
F<br />
Fascination Interview<br />
Font Binary <strong>font</strong>, Linguistics<br />
<strong>Fon<strong>to</strong></strong> Font <strong>Fon<strong>to</strong></strong>, Linguistics<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 148 <strong>of</strong> 154
G<br />
Geometry Mathematics, Geometry<br />
H<br />
<strong>Haase</strong>, <strong>Boris</strong> About me<br />
I<br />
Infinity Set Theory<br />
Internet Internet and Co, Informatics<br />
Interview Interview, Philosophy<br />
K<br />
Keyboard Binary <strong>font</strong><br />
Kinetic energy Physics<br />
Knowledge representation Knowledge Representation, Philosophy<br />
L<br />
Lango Planned language Lango<br />
Language <strong>of</strong> science Language <strong>of</strong> Science<br />
Lept Calculation <strong>of</strong> Times<br />
Letters Font <strong>Fon<strong>to</strong></strong><br />
M<br />
Machines Internet and Co<br />
Mathematical pendulum Oscillations<br />
Matter Knowledge Representation<br />
Modal verb Reference Theory<br />
Month Calculation <strong>of</strong> Times<br />
N<br />
Nonstandardanalysis Nonstandardanalysis<br />
Number Set Theory<br />
O<br />
Oct Calculation <strong>of</strong> Times<br />
Octal system Calculation <strong>of</strong> Times<br />
Optimisation Mathematics, Optimisation<br />
Oscillation Oscillations<br />
Overview Introduction<br />
P<br />
Periodic time Oscillations<br />
Plane Oscillations<br />
Planned language Planned language Lango, Linguistics<br />
Potential energy Oscillations<br />
Probability Knowledge Representation<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 149 <strong>of</strong> 154
Problem Problem Solutions<br />
Problem solutions Problem Solutions<br />
Programming Programming with Stair<br />
Q<br />
Questionnaire About me<br />
R<br />
Radius <strong>of</strong> curvature Oscillations<br />
Radio computing Radio Computing<br />
Radix sort Sorting and Searching<br />
Reading Current<br />
Reference Reference Theory, Knowledge Representation<br />
Reference theory Reference Theory, Philosophy<br />
Relation Knowledge Representation, Reference Theory<br />
Religion <strong>of</strong> love Religion<br />
RelilWiki Religion<br />
Rest position Oscillations<br />
Representations Representations<br />
Revisional his<strong>to</strong>ry Main Page<br />
S<br />
Scaling Reference Theory, Knowledge Representation<br />
Searching Informatics, Sorting and Searching<br />
Series Oscillations<br />
Set Set Theory<br />
Set theory Set Theory, Mathematics<br />
Solution Problem Solutions<br />
Sorting Informatics, Sorting and Searching<br />
Space Reference Theory<br />
Spring Oscillations<br />
Stair Informatics, Programming with Stair<br />
Strap Internet and Co<br />
Subjects Subject Catalogue<br />
Substance Reference Theory, Knowledge Representation<br />
T<br />
Tension energy Oscillations<br />
Themes Main Page<br />
Time Reference Theory<br />
Transcendent numbers Set Theory, Transcendent numbers<br />
Transport Internet and Co<br />
U<br />
Unity sphere Universe<br />
Universal Reference Theory<br />
Universe Universe<br />
V<br />
Virtual reality Internet and Co<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 150 <strong>of</strong> 154
Visions About me<br />
Vocabulary Planned language Lango<br />
W<br />
Week Calculation <strong>of</strong> Times<br />
Work-results Equitable Distributing<br />
Y<br />
Youth researches Oscillations<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 151 <strong>of</strong> 154
Definitions and Glossary<br />
A • B • C • D • E • F • G • H • I • J • K • L • M • N • O • P • Q • R • S • T • U • V • W • X • Y • Z<br />
A<br />
Amfon: third substance, <strong>to</strong> which thoughts and matter are tied for exchange purposes.<br />
B<br />
Body <strong>of</strong> a living entity: the entirety <strong>of</strong> the material substances, referred <strong>to</strong> each other, <strong>of</strong> that<br />
living entity.<br />
C<br />
Circle, deterministic: change between deterministic determination according <strong>to</strong> the divine<br />
order and indeterministic phases, in which the creature can determine itself.<br />
Clare: programming language (coding language after rule environment), capable<br />
<strong>of</strong> learning (by adding rules and meta-rules), which has activatable (self-)<br />
optimisation algorithms.<br />
Consciousness: 1. the part <strong>of</strong> the mind that a living entity can directly access at a particular<br />
point in time by reference,<br />
2. the (passive) state in which we become aware <strong>of</strong> the entirety <strong>of</strong> that what<br />
is actual for us, the content <strong>of</strong> consciousness, by presenting itself <strong>to</strong> us, so<br />
is coming in us <strong>in<strong>to</strong></strong> being.<br />
Continuum, finite: gapless finite <strong>to</strong>tal <strong>of</strong> entities which are linked by references.<br />
Cuboid scheme: assignment <strong>of</strong> numbers <strong>to</strong> the set <strong>of</strong> natural numbers per dimension.<br />
D<br />
Dihairesis: progressing fragmentation <strong>of</strong> a term in its components <strong>of</strong> meaning, until<br />
only still substance terms remain.<br />
Don: ambisexual nominative and accusative form <strong>of</strong> the article for der/den resp.<br />
die.<br />
Dor: ambisexual genitive and dative form <strong>of</strong> the article for des/dem resp. der.<br />
Doren: ambisexual genitive form <strong>of</strong> the relative pronoun for dessen/deren.<br />
E<br />
Earthday: working day inserted between Sunday and Monday.<br />
F<br />
<strong>Fon<strong>to</strong></strong>: <strong>font</strong> developed by me for the International Phonetic Alphabet.<br />
I<br />
ID: identification number assigned uniquely <strong>to</strong> every person.<br />
L<br />
Label: referred <strong>to</strong> <strong>of</strong> a distinguished.<br />
Lango: planned language developed by me whose vocabulary is determined democratic<strong>all</strong>y.<br />
Lept: eighth part <strong>of</strong> an oct, 64th part <strong>of</strong> a day.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 152 <strong>of</strong> 154
M<br />
Mind: gener<strong>all</strong>y the process, initiated by an entity, <strong>of</strong> linking immaterial substances<br />
and references. In particular, it comprises only the more complex<br />
links.<br />
N<br />
Number: selecting marking <strong>of</strong> the many and construction from it.<br />
O<br />
Oct: eighth part <strong>of</strong> a day.<br />
On: 1. ambisexual nominative and accusative suffix for adjectives, substantives,<br />
pronouns and the indefinite article and for -mann resp. -frau,<br />
2. ambisexual indefinite pronoun for man.<br />
Onen: ambisexual plural suffix for substantives.<br />
Or: ambisexual genitive and dative suffix for adjectives, substantives, pronouns<br />
and the indefinite article.<br />
Orbital: meaning environment <strong>of</strong> a term.<br />
R<br />
Reference: special substance, which interlinks the substances.<br />
Reference theory: philosophical doctrine, which is based on substances and references.<br />
S<br />
Signature: electronic equivalent <strong>to</strong> the manual signature.<br />
Soul: the mind and the results <strong>of</strong> the mental processes <strong>of</strong> an entity.<br />
Stair: programming concept for development environments that stands for standardised<br />
transformation after individual rules.<br />
Strap: multifunction device with diverse functions <strong>of</strong> the new media.<br />
Subconsciousness: the sub-processes <strong>of</strong> the mind that are beyond the direct access <strong>of</strong> the<br />
living entity.<br />
Substance: entity which cannot be divided analytic<strong>all</strong>y anymore (examples, <strong>to</strong> which<br />
substances are assigned: space, time, the one, the must).<br />
U<br />
URL, generic: URL which contains wildcards.<br />
W<br />
World: closed <strong>to</strong>tal which is accessible for a subject during a period.<br />
Z<br />
Ze: ambisexual subjective form <strong>of</strong> the personal pronoun for he/she.<br />
Zer: ambisexual objective form <strong>of</strong> the personal pronoun for him/her.<br />
Zerself: ambisexual reflexive form <strong>of</strong> the personal pronoun for himself/herself.<br />
Zie: ambisexual nominative form <strong>of</strong> the personal pronoun for er/sie.<br />
Zihn: ambisexual accusative form <strong>of</strong> the personal pronoun for ihn/sie.<br />
Zihr: ambisexual dative form <strong>of</strong> the personal pronoun for ihm/ihr and beginning<br />
<strong>of</strong> the corresponding possessive pronoun for sein/ihr.<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 153 <strong>of</strong> 154
Zihrer: ambisexual genitive form <strong>of</strong> the personal pronoun for seiner/ihrer.<br />
Zis: ambisexual possessive form <strong>of</strong> the personal pronoun for his/her(s).<br />
© 1983-2012 by <strong>Boris</strong> <strong>Haase</strong> page 154 <strong>of</strong> 154