S E N I O R A M B A S S A D O RDr. Chang TishengDr Biggs: Dr. Chang, our studies reveal an extremelyfull life in Plastic Surgery. You were born in June1916 and are currently a specialist in the fields ofPlastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Microsurgery,Craniofacial Surgery and Lymphology. Yougraduated from the School of Medicine, NationalCentral University (Nanjing) in 1941, and weresent officially by the Chinese government to theUniversity of Pennsylvania in 1946. In the 1960s,you invented the heating and bandage treatment forlymphedema, and in the 1970s, developed the onestagepenile reconstruction technique by use of theforearm flap. You also performed the first surgeriesto correct hyperterolism and sternum cleft-ectocopiain China.We found that you hold the titles of TenuredProfessor of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Schoolof Medicine and Hononary Director of ShanghaiInstitute of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery.You were awarded an Honorary Membership in theAmerican Society of Plastic and ReconstructiveSurgeons, the International Association ofCraniofacial Surgery, and International Societyof Lymphology. You hosted the 10th InternationalConference of Microsurgery (1989) and the 3rdAsia-Pacific Conference of Craniofacial Surgery(2007) as Chairperson and Organizer. You wereelected as a member of Chinese Academy ofEngineering in 1996. You received one NationalInvention Prize from the National Government and25 Science and Technology Progress Prizes from theMinistry of Education and Shanghai City, and youwere the winner of “HeLiang-HeLi Fund Award forAdvancement in Science and Technology” (2004),the 7th Guanghua Engineering Award (2008), andShanghai Medical Honorary Award (1999).Prof. Chang, we found you have edited 18monographs, in areas such as Plastic Surgery,Craniofacial Surgery, Practical Cosmetic Surgery,Chang Ti-sheng Plastic Surgery, Clinical Applicationof Microsurgery (English edition), Practice inLymphology, and Diagnosis and Review on Difficult-Complicated Cases: Plastic Surgery Fascicle. Youhave also contributed more than 150 papers indomestic and international journals.This is a very impressive set of contributions. Pleasetell us your personal view of your career and whatyou see for the future in plastic surgery.Dr. Chang: I was thrilled when I entered into theworld of Plastic Surgery. At that time, we mostlydid three things: skin grafting, flap transfer, and flaptubing. They may seem rough and out-dated today,but they helped save the lives of many soldiers intimes of war. For many years they have continuedto play a major role, being modified and refinedover time.Microsurgery is something really innovative, and hasstirred a big revolution in Plastic Surgery and manyother disciplines. Luckily for us Chinese Surgeons,we manage to follow and seize the emerging trend,and have accomplished a lot in this field.Other major changes include the concept of miniinvasion,and the shift of patient spectrum. Inpeace, more concerns are naturally put on cosmeticsurgeries. When the patient doesn’t want bigsurgeries, we don’t either.The future of our discipline, I suppose, dependslargely on the exploit of current techniques andbreakthroughs in fundamental research. Theyrepresent two directions and both deserve relentlesspassion. And only real good things will eventuallyremain and become part of our discipline.Dr. Biggs: Thank you, Dr. Chang, and congratulationsupon being selected our Senior Ambassador for the<strong>IPRAS</strong> Journal.18 <strong>IPRAS</strong> Journal www.ipras.org Issue 6
I N L O V I N G M E M O R YJohn Clarke Mustardé(6 June 1916-16 October 2010)Jack Mustardé, pioneer Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeon, was born and educated in Glasgow. He trained inophthalmology and, in 1940, he was posted to Cairo as a lieutenant in the medical corps. When Tobruk fell, he was takenprisoner by the Germans and was then passed on to the Italians. He escaped, but was recaptured. He was sent home in1943 due to ill health and wrote ‘The Sun Stood Still’, a book describing his life as a prisoner of war.He then re-qualified as a Plastic Surgeon, seeing the great need amongst injured servicemen. At the time, he lived inNottingham, but travelled down to Park Prewett Hospital in Basingstoke once a week to train under Sir Harold Gillies.He also sought training under Sir Harold’s cousin, Sir Archibald McIndoe and also Eric Peet in Oxford. In order to travelthe distance, he bought an Auster aeroplane and taught himself to fly, using a road atlas and following main roads. Onone foggy day he force- landed in a field and had to ask the owner of the farm where he was.He was famous for being able to get out of difficult situations. Once, when stopped for speeding, he explained that hehad to perform emergency surgery and continued his journey with a police escort.In 1948 he was appointed to Basingstoke under Sir Harold Gilles. It was after the war and rationing was in force.Showing great initiative, he kept pigs, a cow and chickens and was able to feed his family, and the hospital, with meatand eggs.In 1954 he was appointed to Ballochmyle Hospital in Glasgow, which had been established to treat wounded soldiers.The Plastic Surgery Unit also treated dental and maxillofacial patients, and children with congenital deformities.His main interest was in periorbital surgery and, having moved to the Glasgow Royal Infirmary, he published 40 papersand three books: ‘Repair and Reconstruction in the Orbital Region’ (1966), ‘Ophthalmic Surgery Up to Date’ (1970)and ‘Plastic Surgery in Infancy and Childhood’ (1971). He always emphasised the importance of anatomy, and manyprocedures and instruments bear his name – among them the rotational cheek flap for eyelid reconstruction, theMustardé needle holder, and the Mustardé forceps.He collaborated with Dr Paul Tessier in Paris and was instrumental in developing the subspecialty of craniofacialsurgery. He was a founding member and the first President of the European Society of Ophthalmic Plastic andReconstructive Surgery.Those who knew him well recognised that he was a kind man, but he was not to be trifled with. He was meticulous inpreparing his own case after being involved in a legal battle with the Greater Glasgow Health Board, who accused himof not honouring his contract. His defending counsel commended the thoroughness of Jack’s evidence and, after anignominious defeat, the Chairman of the Health Board resigned.Although he travelled the world and was invited to lecture and operate in many countries, his theatre at home inIssue 6 www.ipras.org <strong>IPRAS</strong> Journal 19