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What should Brussels change?How can the functioning of the European institutions be improved rapidly?06It is urgent for the Union to refocus its cultural,linguistic, intellectual wealth and privilege themin the daily running of its institutions. The world’sleading economic and trade power has the meansto do this. It has to understand the symbolicimportance of this in the eyes of the citizen.III – The specific case of the Union’s externalaction“Delegations to act” externally, with loans and decisionmaking delegations in the “field” should be given toExternal Heads of Mission with controls being maderather more a posteriori.Civilian and military missions organised by the Unionshould be managed in virtue of a single procedurethereby making it possible to delegate more widely tomanagers in the field.The priority of the Lisbon Treaty was to strengthenthe influence and profile of the Union in the world.A great deal of progress has been made. But thisis not visible enough and there is still a great dealto do.a) The reorganisation of the Commission into majorpoles of competence should provide an opportunityto smooth out the problems in articulating the roleof the High Representative in terms of the tasksundertaken at the service of Europe’s nascentdiplomacy and those as Vice-President of theCommission.The coherence of the Union’s high expenditure abroadwith major strategies defined by the Heads of Stateand government and the Council under the controlof the Parliament should be granted to the HighRepresentative.c) Strategic dimension of the Union’s External Action:The Union does not have its own means for strategicexpertise and prospecting. Better coordinationbetween the common diplomatic service (EEAS) andthe Commission should make it possible to obtainanalyses that will draw the Member States’ foreignpolicies closer together. The introduction of a strategicpole within the Commission should help towards this.The Commission has everything to gain from itsinclusion in the European External Action Servicewhilst it has fought bitterly to retain its prerogatives.The Union’s interests have suffered because of this.The High Representative must have control over thedefinition and execution of all of the Union’s policiesand has to know about external affairs and themeans devoted to it (nearly 12 billion € yearly.) Inall likelihood this means that the Union’s FinancialRegulation will have to be redesigned and there willalso have to be a little innovation and new practices.b) The management of European staff employedabroad, the loans made for development andhumanitarian aid, membership and pre-membership,cannot be considered separately from the commonforeign policy. This requires specific procedures andpossibly a specific mission within the Commission.Today it can be criticised from several points of view:it is cumbersome, slow, technocratic, ill-adapted torequirements, too expensive.ConclusionThe policies of the European Union have alreadyundergone major development. This will not be broughtto a halt.The European institutions have had to adapt rapidlyand stretch their initial model to a point that has nowreached its limits.The context in which they have to act is under constantchange. This will not slow down.The common institutions which are increasingly calledupon have seen their tasks change and increase. Theymust therefore reform and modify the way they workand the procedures they implement.2014 offers them a timely opportunity for a fresh startwith the renewal of the responsibilities exercised bytheir leaders.FONDATION ROBERT SCHUMAN / EUROPEAN ISSUES N°317 / 17 TH JUNE 2014
5using upper case for Radical and Liberal when meaning a political party and lower casewhen these words are used in a general political sense.CommasThe comma should usually be omitted before the „and‟ in lists of three or more items,especially if each item is a single word or short phrase:red, white and blue.Do not use a comma with a parenthetical dash. The dash in itself indicates a sufficientpause:the „Howard Project‟ -- originally rather a speculative venture -- crystallized in1932.Do not use a comma before the opening of parentheses:He wrote a letter (not the first one) to his solicitor.Commas should be omitted after „that is‟ or „i.e.‟:He shot his grandmother, i.e. his mother‟s mother.Commas should precede conjunctions (especially „and‟, „but‟) when joining two mainclauses:The sky was blue, and the sun was shining.Commas should precede adverbs in the following type of construction:She loves me, not him.First catch the criminals, then charge them.Colons and Semi-colonsA colon introducing a list or other displayed material should never be followed by a dash.Semi-colons or full points, not commas, should be used to separate main clauses that havedifferent subjects and are not introduced by a conjunction:He was trying to write a book; the ideas would not come.Full PointsThere should be no full point at the end of items in a list of tables, plates, figures, etc.With Parentheses: Keep the full point with the sense. Only when a whole sentence is inparentheses does the full point come before the closing parenthesis:He looked pale. (He had been ill.)He looked pale (he had been ill).Double PunctuationThere is no need for double punctuation at the end of a sentence, either after anabbreviation or after a punctuation mark in inverted commas or a book or article title:
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Bloomsbury Academic | House Style Guidelines for Authors

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