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Linear Algebra

Linear Algebra

Linear Algebra

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1 Definition and Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3472 Diagonalizability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3493 Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353III Nilpotence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3611 Self-Composition ∗ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3612 Strings ∗ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364IV Jordan Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3751 Polynomials of Maps and Matrices ∗ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3752 Jordan Canonical Form ∗ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 382Topic: Method of Powers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395Topic: Stable Populations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399Topic: <strong>Linear</strong> Recurrences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401Appendix A-1Propositions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1Quantifiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-3Techniques of Proof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-5Sets, Functions, and Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-7∗ Note: starred subsections are optional.ix

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