Understanding How Some Victims Become Perpetrators: Self ...

25 Stewart, E. A., Elifson, K. W., & Sterk, C. E. (2004). Integrating the general theory of crime into an explorationof violent victimization among female offenders. Justice Quarterly, 21, 159-181.26 Bossler, A. M. & Holt, T. J. (2010). The effect of self-control on victimization in the cyberworld. Journalof Criminal Justice, 38, 227-236.27 Supra note 1428 Holtfreter, K., Reisig, M. D., Piquero, N. L., & Piquero, A. R. (2010). Low self-control and fraud: Offending,victimization, and their overlap. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 37, 188-204.29 Supra note 430 Supra note 2531 Supra note 2432 Supra note 533 Childs, K. K., Cochran, J. K., & Gibson, C. L. (2009). Self-control, gang membership, and victimization:An integrated approach. Journal of Crime and Justice, 32, 35-60.34 Grasmick, H. G., Tittle, C. R., Bursik, R. J., & Arneklev, B. J. (1993). Testing the core empirical implicationsof Gottfredson and Hirschi’s general theory of crime. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency,30, 5-29.35 Piquero, A. R. & Rosay, A. B. (1998). The reliability and validity of Grasmick et al.’s self-control scale: Acomment on Longshore et al. Criminology, 36, 157-174.36 Arneklev, B. J., Grasmick, H. G., & Bursik, R. J. (1999). Evaluating the dimensionality and invariance of“low self-control.” Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 15, 307-331.37 Longshore, D., Turner, S., & Stein, J. A. (1996). Self-control in a criminal sample: An examination of constructvalidity. Criminology, 34, 209-228.38 Marcus, B. (2003). An empirical examination of the construct validity of two alternative self-control measures.Educational and Psychological Measurement, 63, 674-706.39 Vazsonyi, A. T., Pickering, L. E., Junger, M., & Hessing, D. (2001). An empirical test of a general theory ofcrime: A four-nation comparative study of self-control and the prediction of deviance. Journal of Researchin Crime and Delinquency, 38, 91-131.40 Supra note 141 Supra note 3442 Supra note 143 Supra note 444 Supra note 2845 Baron, R. M. & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychologicalresearch: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,51, 1173-1182.46 Bollmer, J. M., Harris, M. J., Milich, R., & Georgesen, J. C. (2003). Taking offense: Effects of personalityand teasing history on behavioral and emotional reactions to teasing. Journal of Personality, 71, 557-603.47 Wills, T. A., Gibbons, F. X., Sargent, J. D., Gerrard, M., Lee, H. R., & Dal Cin, S. (2010). Good self-controlmoderates the effect of mass media on adolescent tobacco and alcohol use: Tests with studies of childrenand adolescents. Healthy Psychology, 29, 539-449.48 Verstraeten, K., Vasey, M. W., Raes, F., & Bijttebier, P. (2009). Temperament and risk for depressive symptomsin adolescence: Mediation by rumination and moderation by effortful control. Journal of AbnormalChild Psychology, 37, 349-361.49 Supra note 3450 Arneklev, B. J., Grasmick, H. G., & Bursik, R. J. (1999). Evaluating the dimensionality and invariance of“low self-control.” Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 15, 307-331.14The Crime Victims’ Institute