Centre de Recherche en Santé de Nouna Burkina Faso

Centre de Recherche
en Santé de Nouna
Burkina Faso

CONTACT
Address BP 02 Nouna, Burkina Faso
Phone 00226-20-537043
Fax 00226-20-537055
E-Mail alisie.crsn@fasonet.bf
Homepage www.crsn-nouna.bf
Kadi Djim
Secretary of the CRSN
WELCOME TO THE CENTRE DE
RECHERCHE EN SANTÉ DE NOUNA
As most of the Sub Saharan African Health Research
Centers, CRSN has undergone profound changes over
the past decades, from a local centre, cooperating
with a single Northern partner, to a national center
with diverse partners in the North, and, equally important,
strong partnerships in the South. North and
South still have to go a long way to reduce the imbalance
in research between developing and industrialized
countries. This process demands rethinking
and courage on all sides, the research partners of the
North and the South and the funding institutions. We
invite you to join us on this road.
Burkina
Faso
Dr. Ali SIÉ
Director of the Centre de Recherche
en Santé de Nouna (CRSN)
2 3
Nouna
Ouagadougou
AFRICA

MAIN OBJECTIVES OF THE
RESEARCH CENTER
To conduct community-based and clinical
research
To develop Nouna district hospital and
CRSN into a community and clinical
trial site which meets international
standards
To collaborate within the DSS network
on technical strengthening, methodology
development and population
based research
RESEARCH ACTIVITIES
To conduct multidisciplinary health research
for health policy planning
To train health staff
To achieve financial autonomy through
diversification of research partnership
and funding
• Biomedical Research – parasitology (malaria), microbiology (epidemic
meningitis), virology (HIV/AIDS), entomology
• Clinical Research – on infectious diseases, in particular malaria, bacterial
meningitis and HIV/AIDS. Clinical malaria trials, malaria case management,
reproductive health
• Health System Research – treatment seeking behaviour, quality of care,
health financing, translational research, health and equity, health and
migration, and poverty reduction
• Environment and Health
RESEARCH COOPERATION
This graph illustrates the strong partnership
between the CRSN, the Ministry
of Health of Burkina Faso, the University
of Ougadougou and the University
of Heidelberg, The CRSN is a member
of international networks such as IN-
DEPTH.
Currently, the German Research Foundation
(Deutsche Forschungsgemein-
PARTNERSHIP IN RESEARCH
schaft [DFG]) is funding a major component
of research activities in Nouna
through a collaborative research grant
(Sonderforschungs-Bereich [SFB]). This
is supplemented by a core grant of the
Land Baden-Württemberg. Additional
important grants are from the Volkswagen
Foundation and the European
Union.
4 5

Senegal
Gambia
Guinea-
Bissau
INDEPTH Field Sites Worldwide in 2007
Mali
Burkina
Faso
Ghana
Uganda
Zambia
South Africa
Ethiopia
Kenya
Tanzania
Mozambique
The Centre is part of the INDEPTH
NETWORK, an international network
of 38 field sites in developing
countries with continuous
demographic evaluation of populations
and their health.
India
Bangladesh
Thailand
Vietnam
Indonesia
INDEPTH NET-
WORK includes
. 38 sites
. 19 countries
. a population of >1,600,000
under long term follow-up
Board of Trustees Country
Dr. S. Owusu-Agyei, Chair Ghana
Dr. S. Hirve, Vice Chair India
Dr. A. Razzaque Bangladesh
Dr. H. Mshinda Tanzania
Dr. P. Aaby Guinea Bissau
Dr. S. Punpueng Thailand
Dr. T. Williams Kenya
Dr. R. Rabinovich USA
Dr. C. Mbacké Senegal
Executive Director
Osman A. Sankoh Ghana
CAPACITY BUILDING
For formal training, intensive efforts
have been made to enroll staff of the
Centre in post-graduate training programs
(MSc or PhD) at the University of
Heidelberg/Germany, the University of
Wits/South Africa, INED/Université de
Paris XII/France. CRSN staff is currently
enrolled in formal post-graduate training
in
. biochemistry
. molecular entomology
. molecular parasitology
. epidemiology
. public health
. demography
on the job training and short courses
are offered in
. research proposal writing
. epidemiology statistical analysis
. lab techniques
. information technology
EPI - Info Software training, 2007
6 7

NOUNA – HEIDELBERG RESEARCH
PARTNERSHIP AND BEYOND
As most of the Sub-Saharan African
Health Research Centres, CRSN has undergone
profound changes over the past
decades, from a local centre, cooperating
with a single Northern partner (University
of Heidelberg), to a national centre
with diverse partners in the North,
and, equally important, strong partnerships
in the South.
Nouna is successfully evolving by diversifying
partnerships and funding. Heidelberg
University continues to feel engaged
with this partnership and is proud
to facilitate this important process.
North and South still have a long way to
go to reduce the imbalance in research
between developing and industrialized
countries. At present the international
research community is going through a
demanding learning process. One of the
results of this process is the growing
awareness that results from scientific
activities should not be the only criteria
by which success is measured. The
interaction between scientists and the
public as well as between research and
every day life, is equally important.
The University of Heidelberg and CRSN
1 Swiss Commission for Research Partnership with developing
countries (1998) Guidelines for Research in Partnership
with Developing Countries. http://www.kfpe.ch/key_activities/publications/guidelines/guidelines_e.php
F Binka (2005) North-South research collaboration: a move
towards a true partnership. Trop Med Int Health 10: 207
foster the idea of one, world-wide scientific
community that meets the needs
of the communities in which the research
is conducted and contributes to
world-wide sustainable development.
CRSN and the University of Heidelberg
have adopted the 11 principles of Research
Partnerships with Developing
Countries 1 . They invite partners from
around the world to join in:
Principles of Research Partnerships
1. Decide on the objectives together
2. Built up mutual trust
3. Share information; develop networks
4. Share responsibility
5. Create transparency
6. Monitor and evaluate collaboration
7. Disseminate the results
8. Apply the results
9. Share profits equitably
10. Increase research capacity
11. Build on the achievements
To guarantee a continuous learning
and planning process, research steering
committees, both in Nouna and in
Heidelberg, were established. The two
steering committees have regular individual
and joint meetings.
W Krull (2005) Helping to create symmetric partnership: a
new approach to supporting research in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Trop Med Int Health 10: 118
T Junghanss (2005) North South collaboration to improve
health. Trop Med Int Health 10: 117
To improve communication, an interactive
homepage has been established
which allows symmetrical access to
information and steering tools. This is
an excellent way for planning and conducting
joint research projects (time
plan, staffing, travel plans, budget) and
training.
Clinical research is particularly demanding
with regard to fulfilling the
principles of true partnership. Patients
rights and individual patient’s health
benefits, appropriateness of research
for the community as a whole, standards
of conduct of clinical research, are
all issues to be addressed and solved.
Our ultimate goal of clinical research
is the alleviation of sufferance and the
promotion of a healthy life.
Since we started to intensify clinical
research in Nouna, we have regular
meetings and follow-up workshops.
Our meetings and planning is guided
by working towards a clinical trial platform
in Nouna which meets international
standards. At the same time, we
carefully watch over appropriate health
benefits for the individuals and the
community.
These processes demand rethinking
and courage from the research partners
of the North and the South as well as
from funding institutions.
NHRC, Navrongo / Ghana, 2005 CRSN, Nouna / Burkina Faso, 2006
North - South partnership with a strong South - South component is fostered by the Volkswagen
Foundation Program “ Knowledge for tomorrow - cooperative research in Sub - Saharan Africa”:
Workshop of the project “Meningococcal meningitis in Sub - Saharan Africa: from the understanding
of the dynamics of colonization and disease patterns to improved control”. Project partners from
Navrongo, Nouna, Basle, Heidelberg and representatives of the VolkswagenFoundation.
8 9

Members Coordination
RESEARCH STEERING COMMITTEE
NOUNA
S. Simboro
Ali Sié
O. Millogo
C. Bagagnan
A. Zoungrana
M. Yé
B. Coulibaly
C. Ouedraogo
M. Sanon
RESEARCH STEERING COMMITTEE
HEIDELBERG
T. Junghanss J. Kaur
10 11
S. Borrmann
M. Sarker
A. Kapaun
O. Müller
Coordination
Members

MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE
CRSN - MoH
To assure good resource management, the CRSN management committee was created
in 2000 on recommendation of the Ministry of Health to review and approve
the overall CRSN program, research projects, budgets and financial management
Members of the Steering Committee Level
Director of Research and Planning of the Ministry of Health National
Administrative and Financial Director of the Ministry of Health National
Director of Human Resources of the Ministry of health National
Regional Health Director of Boucle du Mouhoun Regional
Medical District Officer of Nouna District Local
High Commissioner of Nouna Province Local
ETHICS COMMITTEES
Research projects of the CRSN are approved at two levels:
• the Local Ethics Committee (since November 2001) composed of
scientists and representatives of the local community and
• the National Ethics Committee (since May 2003)
Members of the Local Ethics Committee July 2007
12
Steering Committee members and CRSN
research team during the 2007 meeting in Nouna
13

SCIENTIFIC ADVISORY BOARD COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH GRANT
SFB 544 “Control of Tropical Infectious Disease”
The CRSN has an international Scientific Advisory Board (SAB) created in
2000 following the decision of the Ministry of Health (MoH). Meetings
are annually with the following objectives:
• To direct the CRSN research project according to the national
research priorities;
• To assess the quality of research projects and programs and
provide recommendations on strategic planning;
• To increase the capacity of the CRSN by sharing institutional
strengths among research partners;
• To provide guidance for training programs
Member of the Scientific Advisory Board Institution/Country
Prof. Gilles BIBEAU, Chair
Anthropologue, Faculté des Etudes Supérieures, Université
de Montréal, Canada
Dr. Mamadou Souncalo TRAORE
Prof. Mamadou SAWADOGO
Dr. Nicola MEDA
Médecin épidemiologiste, DER de Santé Publique, Faculté de
Médecine, de Pharmacie et d’Odontostomatologie Université
du Mali, Bamako, Mali
Pharmacien Biochimiste, Doyen de l’ UFR des Sciences de la
Santé de l’Université de Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Médecin épidémiologiste, UFR des Sciences de la Santé de
l’Université de Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Prof. Jean Remy Davée Guimaraes
Institut de Biophysique Carlos Chagas Filho, Université Fédérale
le de Rio de Janeiro, Brésil
Dr. Sodiomon Bienvenu SIRIMA Médecin épidémiologiste, Centre National de Recherche et
de Formation sur le Paludisme, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Dr. André SOUBEIGA
Socio-Anthropologue UFR Sciences Humaine l’Université de
Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Prof H.-G. Kräusslich
Speaker of the collaborative research grant (SFB)
“Control of Tropical Infectious Disease”,
Infectious diseases are a leading cause
of death, accounting for one third of
the estimated 54 million annual deaths
worldwide. Sub-Saharan Africa remains
the region most affected with nearly
half of all infectious disease-caused
deaths worldwide. Malaria, tuberculosis,
and HIV/AIDS account for the majority
of deaths in developing countries
now and in the years to come. In the recent
past, political will and social support
are finally materializing to mount
an effective fight against the deadly epidemics.
It is the aim of SFB544 „Control
of Tropical Infectious Diseases“ to contribute
to this fight on all levels.
This SFB constitutes a unique network
that combines basic research projects
identifying drug targets and testing
compounds with clinical research
projects implementing new therapies
through controlled trials and with public
health projects, making sure that
those interventions reach the people in
need. The majority of SFB544 projects
work on malaria, while three projects
each address trypanosomatids and HIV/
AIDS, and a new project targets Dengue
fever, today the most common arthropod-borne
viral disease worldwide. The
ambitious research program of SFB544
is only possible through our long-standing
and very fruitful collaboration with
the Centre de Recherche en Santé de
Nouna (CRSN) in Nouna, Burkina Faso.
In the current period, this has been extended
to Nouna district hospital which
is transforming into a clinical research
centre qualified for international phase
II/III drug and vaccination trials. The
current funding period has also seen
extended collaborations with other
clinical, laboratory and public health research
partners, in particular linking research
at Navrongo (Ghana) and at the
Centre Hopitalier Universitaire in Ouagadougou
with the CRSN in the context
of South-South collaborations. SFB544
and the associated research groups are
excited and pleased with these developments
and look forward to a successful
continuation of our very fruitful collaboration
with the CRSN and its partners.
14 15

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES
In developing countries Demographic
Surveillance Systems (DSS) provide
an excellent basis for research in epidemiology,
clinical sciences, health
economics and social sciences and
for health reporting. The DSS site of
the CRSN covers an area of 1.775 km2
with 76.000 inhabitants in a rural and
semi-urban environment.
5,631
Females
N=30257
2,454
3,060
3,950
4,361
DSS Nouna, Burkina Faso
Age pyramid 2003
66
124
175
393
497
633
825
875
998
1,191
1,457
1,585
1,932
48
113
Males
163
N=30653
330
436
510
637
737
858
1,351
1,351
1,593
1,916
2,453
3,783
On the basis of the DSS data a number
of regionally and scientifically important
epidemiological studies have
been carried out, such as risk factors
for childhood mortality in Burkina
Faso, seasonal patterns of mortality in
the Nouna DSS and mapping of childhood
mortality.
4,416
4,623
5,548
The data collected and
analyzed in the DSS
Nouna is contributing
to the larger pool of
the INDEPTH network
of which CRSN is a
partner.
Age Pyramid of the Nouna
DSS, 2003 (complete data)
Most frequent cause of
death by age group, Nouna
DSS, 1999 - 2003
NOUNA DISTRICT HOSPITAL
The District Hospital of Nouna was
founded by the physician Yalgado
Ouedraogo, the Catholic Mission and
the German Technical Cooperation
(GTZ).
It is one of the 63 district hospitals
in Burkina Faso. The hospital ser-
ves as the referral centre for the 27
peripheral health posts (CSPS) in
the Nouna Health District and covers
a population of about 300 000 inhabitants.
The units of the hospital are Surgery,
Internal Medicine, Paediatrics, Maternity,
Ophtalmology, ENT, Dental Care,
Psychiatry, Dermatology including
tuberculosis and leprosy, Emergency
Care, Radiology, Occupational Health
and Pharmacy. The hospital has 88
beds. In 2007, around 1700 inpatients
and 3400 outpatients have been
attended to. Additionally, nearly
1500 pupils and public servants have
been looked after in the Occupational
Health Unit.
Participants of the 1. Nouna Hospital Workshop 2004
16 17

Staff
C. Ouedraogo
Centre de Recherche en Santé de Nouna
Service
Administratif
et Financier
V. COULIBALY N. DAKUYO N. DAMA
J.-E. Ouedraogo H. NEYA M. SISSOKO
Service
des Enquêtes et
des Sondages
M. Sanon C. Bagagnan
A. Sanou D. Baillou I. Cissé
B. Dembélé N. Dembélé P. Dembélé
S. Diarra Z. Drabo S. Ky
L. Koura/Keita S. Maiga A. Ouédraogo
M. Sanogo I. Sow S. Toé
A. Traoré D. Zerbo
Direction
Ali Sié K. Djim
Service
Gestion de
l’Information
S. Coulibaly V. Coulibaly J. Dembélé
A. Diaby
A. Drabo
G. Drabo
B. Sama S. Simboro O. Traoré
M. Yelemou A. Zakané
Service
de Laboratoire
Burkina
Faso
18 19
B. Coulibaly
F. d’AssiseGonro A. Compaore J.Nankoné
Nestor Dembele
S. Ouédraogo
A. Ouédraogo S. Sidyané A. R. Sourgou
E. Tientéga
S. Diabaté
R. Kanazoé
K. Dioma
Nouna
M. Yé
Service
Recherche
et Formation
J. Ganamé B. Hofer
M. Bountogo
A. Zoungrana J. Tiendrébéogo C. N. I. Ouédraogo
G. Compaoré
S. Traoré
O. Zida
T. Traoré A. Pacéré L. Ouattara
M. Fritzsche
Scientists
1 Biologist
1 Public Health Specialist
1 Pharmacist
1 Demographer
1 Health Economist
6 Physicians
1 Sociologist
1 Anthropologist
1 Computer Scientist
Scientific Support Staff
1 Data manager assistant
2 Data Entry Supervisor
5 Data Entry Clerks
2 Archivists
1 GIS Specialist, Cartographer
6 Lab Technicians
1 Entomological Lab technician
4 Assistants of the Lab Tech.
4 Data collect Supervisors
14 Interviewers
2 Male nurses
1 Social Assistant
Management Support Staff
1 Director
1 Secretary
1 Accountant
2 Assistant accountants
3 Drivers-mechanics
3 Watchmen
Temporary staff is hired for
specific studies.

LABORATORY
at Nouna District Hospital
The new laboratory of CRSN
was integrated into the
District Hospital in 2005.
The research laboratory
thus creates a spin off into
the community through
training of hospital technicians
and provision of
laboratory services to patients.
Laboratory services
offered to in- and outpatients
include routine diagnostic
tests in hematology, biochemistry,
microbiology, serology and parasitology.
Patients enrolled in national
health programs and research
projects are offered specific tests,
e.g. voluntary HIV testing, CD 4
count for HIV infected patients on
treatment.
The CRSN laboratory has become the
leading PCR laboratory for HIV detection
in new born infants from HIV
infected mothers. The microbiology
unit is foreseen as a regional reference
laboratory for meningitis surveillance.
Special equipment: ELISA reader
(computer assisted), cell counter
(Sysmex and Becton Coulter), FACS
counter, FACS Scan, laminar flow
bench, spectrophotometry, PCR
(thermocycler, gel camera etc), deep
freezer (-80°C), and high quality
microscopes .
CLINICAL RESEARCH
at Nouna District Hospital
CRSN and Nouna district hospital are
accumulating an impressive record of
community based and clinical trials.
Clinical research activities started in
1999 with a large WHO-funded community-based
randomized controlled trial
(RCT) on the effects of zinc supplementation
on malaria morbidity. The zinc trial
was followed by a RCT on the long-term
effects of insecticide-treated mosquito
nets (ITN) on the malaria morbidity and
mortality and on the overall mortality
in children. Several malaria drug trials
have been carried our recently (methylene
blue and azithromycin combination
therapies). With increasing experience
with phase II / III clinical trials, CRSN and
Nouna District Hospital are developing
into a site which meets international
standards.
To improve and standardize individual
patient care, clinical management procedures
are being investigated, such
as diagnosis and treatment of children
with impaired consciousness with particular
emphasis on complicated malaria
and bacterial meningitis. In the area of
HIV, determinants of mother-to-child
transmission are investigated.
High standards of clinical data documentation
and management and laboratory
facilities are a prerequisite for clinical research
and for fulfilling the requirements
of a clinical trial site. CRSN and Nouna,
together with partners from Heidelberg
University Hospital, have substantially
invested in this field in recent years.
20 21

PARTNERSHIP BETWEEN THE CRSN
AND NOUNA HEALTH DISTRICT
The Nouna Health District and the
CRSN share the mission to improve
the health of the community by
offering affordable health care and
by translating research results into
clinical practice. The Nouna Health
District and the CRSN are strongly
interacting at an institutional level.
The Nouna District Hospital,
(Centre medical avec antenne chirurgical
de Nouna [CMA]), has benefited
from sustained support provided
by CRSN. Currently, six medical
doctors, two biologists, three laboratory
technicians and a paediatric
nurse employed by the CRSN support
the clinical services of the hospital.
Furthermore, a new emergency
department was built and an ultrasound
unit established, again with
the aim to improve the clinical
research infrastructure
and the quality
of care at the same
time.
CRSN and the district
hospital are working
together with the
Northern research
partners towards developing
the district
hospital into a clinical
trial site which
meets international
standards.
HEALTH SYSTEM RESEARCH
Health System Research (HSR) is an
important part of CRSN research and
supports the decision-making process
at all levels of the health system. HSR
addresses cultural beliefs influencing
health- seeking and health-promotion
and its socio-economic, political, and
physical context.
Health insurance for universal coverage
Among the barriers preventing sick
people from seeking care, the cost
of health care has consistently been
shown to be crucial. Community-based
health insurance (CHI) schemes have
the potential to lower the financial barrier
and improve access to health care,
thereby contributing to better health
outcomes. A joint research project of
the CRSN and the University of Heidelberg
addresses this problem.
Quality of care
The state and development of quality
of care delivered by health facilities
in Nouna health district have
been both, a policy and a research
issue for the past 20 years. Quality
of care has been a constant concern
and it has been the focus of intense
research efforts and interventions.
It is an extremely difficult problem
to tackle and is resistant to simple
uni-dimensional solutions. While it
is obvious that a basic level of facilities,
infrastructure, equipment
and consumables is necessary, it is
not sufficient to improve the quality
of care. The reseach challenge is to
find new strategies to innovate existing
institutional frameworks and to
bridge the gap between health care
providers and the communities they
serve.
Improving maternal and child
health care
Studies are carried out to address the
health of vulnerable groups. Different
approaches to improve immunization
coverage for children are investigated.
In the framework of maternal health
care the community-effectiveness of
insecticide-treated bed nets (ITN) is
studied with various approaches (social
marketing, combination with antenatal
care service).
Ecosystem approach of health
Environmental aspects of health are
increasingly recognized. The impact
of climatic change and environmental
factors on malaria transmission is
currently being investigated.
22
23

Core support
Competitive research grants
FUNDING
Government of Burkina Faso
German Research Foundation
Volkswagen Foundation
European Union
Roll Back Malaria and TDR/WHO
Rockefeller Foundation
Union des Banques Suisses (UBS)
DSM
Ministerium für Forschung, Bildung und Kunst
Baden-Württemberg, Germany
Links to web-pages of the
collaboration partners
. www.sfb544.de
. www.hd-nouna.org
. www.indepth-network.net
. www.primature.gov.bf
. www.worldbank.org
. www.eurunion.org
. www.who.int
COOPERATING PARTNERS
National Institutions Regional and International
Institutions
• Centre Muraz (Projet IMMPACT)
• Centre National de Recherche et de
Formation sur le Paludisme (CNRFP)
• Institut National des Sciences des
Sociétés (INSS)
• Institut de Recherche sur le Développement
(IRD)
• Institut National de la Statistique et
de la Démographie (INSD)
• Ministère de l’Enseignement de
Base et de l’Alphabétisation (MEBA)
• Programme National de Lutte contre
le Paludisme (PNLP)
• Institut Supérieur des Sciences de
Population (ISSP) (ex-UERD)
• UFR-SDS /Université de Ouagadougou
• Programme National de Prévention
de la Transmission Mère-Enfant
(PTME) du VIH/SIDA
• Direction Générale de la Météorologie
• Centre International de Formation
en Recherche Action (CIFRA)
• International Network of field
sites with continuous Demographic
Evaluation of Populations
and Their Health (INDEPTH Network)
• Institut National de Recherche en
Santé Publique/ Mali
• University of Heidelberg / Germany
• Health System Trust, South Africa
• IHCAR-Karolinska Institute / Sweden
• Muhimbili University College of
Health Sciences- Dar es Salam / Tanzania
• Nuffield Institute for Health /UK
• University of Montréal / Canada
• Institut de Santé Publique de
l’Université Makerere / Ouganda
• WHO/ TDR
• WHO / Gender and Reproductive
Rights Unit (GRR), Department of
Reproductive Health and Research
• Institut Universitaire des Etudes
pour le Développement de Genève
(IUED)/ Switzerland
• Swiss Tropical Institute/Basle/
Switzerland
• Pfizer
• Sanofi
24
25

PUBLICATIONS
2003
Müller O, Traoré C, Kouyaté B, Becher
H (2003) Effect of insecticide-treated
mosquito nets (ITN) on malaria morbidity
and all-cause mortality in infants
of a malaria holoendemic area in rural
Burkina Faso. Acta Tropica, 83 (supplement):
71-72
Müller O, Garenne M, Kouyaté B, Becher
H (2003) The association between protein-energy
malnutrition, malaria morbidity
and all-cause mortality in West
African children. Trop Med Int Health;
8(6):507-511
Dong H, Kouyaté B, Cairns J, Sauerborn
R (2003) A comparison of reliability of
the takte-it-or-leave-it and the bidding
game approaches to estimating willingness-to-pay
in a rural population in West
Africa. Soc Sci Med, 56(10): 2181-9
Müller O, Traoré C, Becher H, Kouyaté B
(2003) Malaria morbidity, treatment-seeking
behaviour and mortality in a cohort
of young children in rural Burkina Faso.
Trop Med Int Health; 8(4): 290-296
Müller O, Traoré C, Jahn A, Becher H
(2003) Severe anaemia in West African
children: malaria or malnutrition.
Lancet; 361(9351): 86-87
Dong H, Kouyaté B, Snow R, Mugisha F,
Sauerborn R (2003) Gender’s effect on
willigness-to-pay for community-based
insurance in Burkina Faso. Health Policy;
64(2): 153-62
Müller O, Traoré C, Kouyaté B (2003)
Clinical efficacy of chloroquine in young
children with uncomplicated falciparum
malaria - a community-based study in
rural Burkina Faso. Trop Med Int Health;
8(3): 202-203
Dong H, Kouyaté B, Cairns J, Mugisha
F, Sauerborn R (2003) Willingness to
pay for community-based insurance in
Nouna, Burkina Faso. Health Economics;
12 (10): 849-862
Schirmer H, Coulibaly B, Stich A, Scheiwein
M, Merkle H, Eubel J, Becker K,
Becher H, Müller O, Zich T, Schiek W,
Kouyaté B (2003) Methylene blue as an
antimalaria agent-past and future. Redox
Report (8); 272-76
Becher H, Müller O, Jahn A, Gbangou A,
Kynast-Wolf G, Kouyaté B (2003) Risk
factors for childhood mortality: Survival
analysis of 11.312 children in rural Burkina
Faso. Bulletin of the World Health
Organisation
26 27
2003
Müller O, Garenne M, Reitmeier P,
Baltussen van Zweeden A, Kouyaté B,
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Becher H, Müller O, Jahn A, Gbangou A,
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Frey C, Traoré C, De Allegri M, Kouyaté
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