D I R E C T O R ’ S R E P O R Tand produce much else as spin off. This year has seen noless than two exhibitions of the photographs of ThomasAshby: I giganti dell’acqua followed him in pursuit of theaqueducts of Lazio, in a series of haunting images, thanksto the generous support of the Regione Lazio, in consortwith the Comune di Roma and the Istituto Centrale per ilC<strong>at</strong>alogo e la Documentazione; this was followed l<strong>at</strong>er inthe year by the no less striking images of the ItinerariAbruzzesi. <strong>The</strong> success and interest of these initi<strong>at</strong>ives has<strong>at</strong>tracted sponsorship of other kinds, and we areparticularly pleased th<strong>at</strong> the John R. Murray CharitableTrust is now supporting the conserv<strong>at</strong>ion and restor<strong>at</strong>ionof some of our rare books. John and Virginia Murray werealso generous in hosting a fundraising event in the oldse<strong>at</strong> of the publishing house in London: our goal is tobring an exhibition of Ashby photographs to Sir JohnSoane’s Museum, with which we have set up a welcomenew partnership.Our archaeology is equally dependent on externalsupport, on the major grant from the Arts and HumanitiesResearch Council th<strong>at</strong> supports Simon Keay’s work <strong>at</strong>Portus, and the ability of the collabor<strong>at</strong>ion withSouthampton University in geophysics to undertakenumerous other projects. <strong>The</strong> gre<strong>at</strong>est single item on ourbudget, however, is the Herculaneum Conserv<strong>at</strong>ionProject, a long-standing collabor<strong>at</strong>ion with the PackardHumanities Institute and the Soprintendenza Archeologicadi Napoli e Pompei (Naples and Pompeii have beenmerged by a reform this year, still under Professor PieroGuzzo). <strong>The</strong> impact of a project with a turnover of nearlytwo million pounds a year is much more visible on site <strong>at</strong>Herculaneum than in <strong>Rome</strong>, but the allowance of anadministr<strong>at</strong>ion fee to the BSR, in recognition of thesignificant impact of the project not only on the Directorbut on our Bursar, Alvise Di Giulio, and on the institution<strong>at</strong> large, makes a m<strong>at</strong>erial difference to our finances.We have no doubt th<strong>at</strong> the future prosperity of the<strong>School</strong> depends more on building further this network ofpartnerships and sponsorships, r<strong>at</strong>her than drawing moreheavily on a shrinking public purse. We repe<strong>at</strong> ourgr<strong>at</strong>itude to all these bodies, but also to the manyindividuals, university departments, colleges and bodiesth<strong>at</strong> provide subscriptions and don<strong>at</strong>ions, all of whichcumul<strong>at</strong>ively give life-blood to the institution. We alsothank the numerous friends and supporters, in <strong>Rome</strong>,London and elsewhere, whose kindness and, often, whoseunpaid efforts, keep the show on the road: above all tothe Chairs of our committees, who undertake a notableburden (with especial thanks to Jenni Lomax, who willsoon complete a six-year term with the Faculty of FineArts), to the Editor of our Papers (with especial thanks toDr John P<strong>at</strong>terson, who after five volumes has handedover to Jo Crawley Quinn), and to the numerous committeemembers, friends and supporters. But I close, asever, with thanks to our own staff, both in <strong>Rome</strong> andLondon, and in particular to Sarah Ciacci, who left theLondon office in March 2008. Our staff form a team ofexceptional dedic<strong>at</strong>ion, to whose efforts both this <strong>Report</strong>and the healthy st<strong>at</strong>e of the <strong>School</strong> itself bear ampletestimony.Andrew Wallace-HadrillDirector10
H ERCULANEUM C ONSERVATION P ROJECT<strong>The</strong> recent declar<strong>at</strong>ion by the new government of a st<strong>at</strong>eof emergency in Pompeii underlines wh<strong>at</strong> has beenwell-known for decades to those working in the Vesuviansites: th<strong>at</strong> these best-loved of tourist destin<strong>at</strong>ions are in acritical st<strong>at</strong>e, overwhelmed by uncontrolled mass-tourism,with its notoriously short-term goals, and literally crumblinginto ruins for lack of investment, and for the inadequaciesof the current system of heritage management. In thiscontext, the project <strong>at</strong> Herculaneum, in which the BSR hasbeen privileged to play a role for the last seven years, hascome to prominence as an example of the site <strong>at</strong> which, withthe advantage of exceptional external sponsorship, newsolutions and approaches can be experimented with andtested. Over this period, the equivalent of nearly ten millionpounds has been invested in the site by the PackardHumanities Institute. But wh<strong>at</strong> counts is not spendingmoney, but spending it well. <strong>The</strong> winning formula of theProject has been its willingness to tangle with basics, likedrainage and leaking roofs, and <strong>at</strong> the same time to use hightechnology not for gener<strong>at</strong>ing flashy effects, but analysingintractable problems. Gradually, but quite perceptibly, thesite shows signs of new life; and while tourist numbers sinkelsewhere on the Bay of Naples, they rise in Herculaneum.Two fe<strong>at</strong>ures of the project are becoming increasinglyapparent. <strong>The</strong> first is the extent of new archaeologicalknowledge th<strong>at</strong> can be gener<strong>at</strong>ed by a conserv<strong>at</strong>ion project.<strong>The</strong> geological research of Professor Aldo Cinque has notonly shown how urbanis<strong>at</strong>ion transformed the n<strong>at</strong>uralgeological terrain, cutting back the tip of a volcanic flow tocre<strong>at</strong>e a defensive seawall, but has revealed the profoundmodific<strong>at</strong>ions caused by the bradyseism th<strong>at</strong> caused the landto rise and fall in rel<strong>at</strong>ion to the sea-level by as much as fivemetres, causing the abandonment of entire storeys ofbuildings. At the same time, the investig<strong>at</strong>ion by DrDomenico Camardo (HCP) and by Professor Mark Robinsonof Oxford of the rich contents of the sewers bene<strong>at</strong>h amulti-storey block of shops and fl<strong>at</strong>s is casting a vivid lifeon diet and the household waste of the first century AD.<strong>The</strong> second important fe<strong>at</strong>ure to underline is theincreasing collabor<strong>at</strong>ion between this archaeological projectand the local stake-holders, represented by the Comune diErcolano. <strong>The</strong> site takes the form of a vast hole in the fabricof the modern city, with modern housing balancedprecipitously above ancient ruins. <strong>The</strong> project’s <strong>at</strong>tention tothe peripheries of the site culmin<strong>at</strong>ed in summer <strong>2007</strong> with amajor programme of demolitions of condemned propertieson the edge of the site, carried out by the local authorityitself, in close collabor<strong>at</strong>ion with both the Soprintendenzaand Project. On the one hand, this brings very much closerthe prospect of new excav<strong>at</strong>ions in the area of the ancientBasilica Noniana; on the other, it has led to closer rel<strong>at</strong>ionsbetween the Comune and the archaeological community.This year, the BSR, as one of a partnership of three with theSoprintendenza and Comune, was proud to have seen thelaunch of the Intern<strong>at</strong>ional Centre for the Study ofHerculaneum, with Christian Biggi as its first Manager.Wholly financed by the Comune through a n<strong>at</strong>ional grant, ithas sought to promote gre<strong>at</strong>er mutual understanding, on theone hand by undertaking particip<strong>at</strong>ory initi<strong>at</strong>ives with thelocal community, on the other by a series of intern<strong>at</strong>ionalworkshops, in partnership with ICCROM, the <strong>Rome</strong>-basedintern<strong>at</strong>ional centre for conserv<strong>at</strong>ion. Among the numerousiniti<strong>at</strong>ives of the new Centre was the support, thanksespecially to the efforts of Sarah Court and the HCP team,of a new film, directed by Marcellino de Baggis, Herculaneum:diari del buio e della luce (‘Herculaneum: Diaries of Light andDark’), fe<strong>at</strong>uring extensive archival footage of the earlyexcav<strong>at</strong>ions. It was awarded the first prize <strong>at</strong> the <strong>Rome</strong>archaeological film festival, Capitello d’Oro. If this projectflourishes, it does so because of convictions shared with usby three parties: the Soprintendente, Piero Guzzo, theMayor of Ercolano, Nino Daniele, and the President of thePackard Humanities Institute, David W. Packard.Andrew Wallace-HadrillDirector, Herculaneum Conserv<strong>at</strong>ion Project11