A guide to Oribatid Identification for the ABMI: - Royal Alberta Museum

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Almanac of Alberta Oribatida 2.3 13 January 2013Fig. 3.2Similar taxa: Hypochthonius rufulus Oudemans, 1917 is larger (650-800) and has longer dorsalsetae. Eniochthonius species are much smaller, are not dorso-ventrally flattened, appear tohave two notogastral scissures (the anterior one is an incomplete furrow), and are stronglybirefringent.ABMI Site Records: 2007: none. 2008: none. 2009: none. 2010: none. 2011: none.DOC (1/2008): [+other] Distribution: [Edmonton River Valley (53.32N, 113.31W), MoosePasture Research Site 8 km W Chipman, AB, Holarctic]Images: SEM (ERV);Ecology: Parthenogenetic (thelytokous); the only gravid female in the collection carries one largeegg. Gut contents include granular material and fungal spores.Literature: Gilyarov & Krivolutsky (1975); Marshall et al. (1987); Weigmann (2006).*Hypochthonius rufulus CL Koch, 1835 (ITIS 735012)Also Known As: Hypochthonius pallidulus CL Koch, 1835; Leiosoma ovata sensu Nicolet, 1855.ABMI code/Common name: HYPORUF; Common Name: Reddish Scissure-miteDiagnostic characters: 650-800 long; dorso-ventrally flattened with a single scissure; yellowbrown to pink, cuticle micropunctate and with acinose patches; prodorsum about 3/4 th widthof hysterosoma; interlamellar seta approaching length of sensillus; notogastral setae30
Almanac of Alberta Oribatida 2.3 13 January 201331relatively long, c1 passing insertion of d1, d1 passing alveolus of e1 and scissure, f1 passinginsertion of h1. Prodorsum: bo (180) pectinate with 7-8 long spines; other setae taperingwith faint serrations: in (135-140), le (105-110) widely spaced, ro (40) set back from tip ofnarrow, scalloped rostral edge; notogaster subrectangular, setae (except c2) mostly long,tapering, with faint serrations: c1 (135-140), c2 (30-35) fine, d1 (125-130) extending wellpast scissure; e-series reduced to stubs on intercalary sclerite within scissure; posterior setaelonger (160-170) and with faint serrations.Overview: Adults of this Holarctic species are largish (0.650-0.800 mm long), flattened miteswith the body divided into two subequal units by a transverse suture. They are usuallypinkish brown in colour, but may be yellowish. This is a widely distributed parthenogeneticspecies that is common in the Edmonton region and (based on ABMI collections) is presentthroughout much of Alberta, but has not previously been reported from the Province.Several subspecies based on minor variations have been proposed (see Marshall et al.1987), but these are not recognized here.Barcodes:ID Check: Determination by DEW based on Gilyarov & Krivolutsky (1975); Weigmann (2006).Similar taxa: Hypochthonius luteus Oudemans, 1917 is smaller (580-650) and has shorter dorsalsetae. Eniochthonius species are much smaller, are not dorso-ventrally flattened, appear tohave two notogastral scissures (the anterior one is an incomplete furrow), and are stronglybirefringent.ABMI Site Records: 2007: 248, 388, 484, 599, 601, 792, 1252, BOG6, BOG7, UPL8. 2008:720, 1009, FM06, SL10. 2009: 1, 34, 498, 498, 499, 528, 528, 528, 728, 882. 2010: 980,1142, 1175, 1203, 1209, ALPAC-10, ALPAC-12, OG-910-1, OG-1352-1. 2011: 91, 391,604, 608, 963, 970, 984, 1105, 1238, A637-2, A757-1.DOC (1/2008): [+other] Distribution: YT, NU, NT, MB, ON, QC, NF, [Edmonton River Valley(53.32N, 113.31W), Moose Pasture Research Site 8 km W Chipman, AB (53.656667, -112.759444), Holarctic]Images: SEM (MP); LM; LDEcology: This Holarctic parthenogen (thelytokous) is known from peatlands, bogs, and forestsoil. Smrž (1989) considered H. rufulus to feed principally on bacteria and fine organismmatter; however, fungal material is commonly found in gut contents (see Schneider 2005),and this mite may also be a facultative predator. In Alberta, gut boli on hand have fungalhyphae or dark organic matter typically present, but also setose arthropod cuticle (site#1254, BOG6) and a possible mass of nematodes (UPL6). Riha (1951) reported H. rufulusas a scavenger on dead springtails and worms and Siepel & de Ruiter-Dijkman (1993) andSchneider et al. (2004) considered it an omnivore. Schneider (2005) placed H. rufulus in thecarnivore-scavenger-omnivore feeding guild (i.e. feeding on living and dead animals and onfungi). Parthenogenetic (thelytokous): only females of H. rufulus are known and gravidfemales carry 1-2 large eggs. Subfossil specimens (3250 BP) have been reported from peatin NE Russia (Krivolutsky & Sidorchuk 2003). Specimens have been found in the feathersof birds in Russia, a possible means of long distance dispersal (see Krivolutsky & Lebedeva2004). This mite also was reported as occurring in the hair of small mammals in Slovakia, apossible means of local dispersal, by Miko & Stanko (1991).
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A guide to Oribatid Identification for the ABMI: - Royal Alberta Museum

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