International Journal of Trauma Research and Practice - Anger Study_0

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people or inwardly toward self.2. Anger Expression Out: measures how often angry feelings are expressed in verbally or physicallyaggressive behavior.3. Anger Expression In: measures how often angry feelings are experienced but suppressed orturned inward.Anger Control. These two scales measure the control of inward and outward expressions of anger(these scales are in reverse, the higher the better). The scales are as follows:1. Anger Control Out: measures the expenditure of energy to monitor and control the physical orverbal expressions of anger.2. Anger Control In: measures how often the individual attempts to relax, calm down and reduceangry feelings before they get out of control.ResultsQuestion 1. Did inmates show a drop in anger after taking a Basic workshop? Table 1 shows eachpair of mean scores before and after the inmates participated in the Basic workshop. For example, SAFpre is the pretest score (before the Basic workshop) for State Anger Feelings; SAF post is the posttest score(after the Basic workshop) for State Anger Feelings. Table 1 also shows a drop in anger for State AngerVerbal Expression (SAV at pretest to SAV at posttest). Moreover, there was a drop in anger for State AngerPhysical Expression (SAP at pretest to SAP at posttest). As shown on the table, scores tend to drop frompretest to posttest, indicating a drop in anger. This pattern was also observed for Trait Anger Temperament(TAT) and Trait Anger Reaction (TAR) and for Anger Expression Out (AXO ) and Anger Expression In(AXI).The Anger Control Out (ACO) and Anger Control In (ACI) scores went in the opposite directionfrom the other anger scores. They showed gains from pretest to posttest, which means the scores actuallyshow an increase in outward and inward control. Not only did the anger drop, but the outward controlincreased, meaning participants learned to control their outward expression of anger toward others andinternal controls increased, meaning they learned to calm themselves down.IJTRP | Summer 20145
Table 1Paired Samples StatisticsQuestion 2. Was the change in anger from pretest to posttest (before and after taking the Basicworkshop) a significant change? In order to answer this question, we conducted a series of paired t tests toanswer the question. The results are given on Table 2. The p value or probability value in the right handcolumn shows whether the change was significant for each subscale. If the p value is less than .05, it is considereda significant effect. If the p value is greater than .05, it is considered a non-significant effect. Withthe exception of AXO, all effects were significant. AXO was very close to being significant.IJTRP | Summer 20146
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Page 5 and 6: Minnesota AVP Anger StudyTerry Kays
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Page 15 and 16: Miller, M. L., & Shuford, J. A. (20
Page 17 and 18: IntroductionMental health professio
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