Energy Audit Report of the General Hospital Building in ... - Tkibuli Tea

Energy Audit Report of the General HospitalBuilding in BakurianiPrepared for: USAID/Caucasus11 George Balanchine Street,0131 Tbilisi, GeorgiaPrepared by: NEW APPLIED TECHNOLOGY, EFFICIENCYI. Chavchavadze AvenueAND LIGHTING INITIATIVE (NATELI) II Blind Alley, 4-8, Apartment 6Tbilisi, 0105, GeorgiaTel: +995 32 50 63 43Fax: +995 32 93 53 52Prepared by Sustainable Development and Policy Center for Winrock InternationalFebruary, 20112

1. Project IdentificationProjectIdentification2. ScanningScanning3. Energy Audit4.Business PlanSimplifiedAuditingImprovementPotentialBusiness PlanningDetailed Auditingwith guarantee5. ImplementationImplementationOperation6. OperationThis report is based on a detailed energy audit.6

3 Project OrganisationName of Project/Building/Site: General Hospital in BakurianiAddress:BakurianiContact person:Irakli DiasamidzePhone:877 44 30 70 (mobile)Clinic Curacio, Head of theHospital Development ProjectKoba Tskhadaze832 43 01 01 (5134)Phone:877 93 11 77Beneficiary. Results of energy consumption evaluation inRole in the Project:the hospital building in Bakuriani will be communicated inthe form of an Energy Audit Report.Building Owner:Bakuriani MunicipalityThe work is carried out by: Sustainable Development and Policy (SDAP) CenterContact Person for the EnergyAudit:Karina MelikidzeAddress:#34 Al. Kazbegi Ave. Plot # 3, Office 104, TbilisiPhone: (99532) 20 67 73Fax: (99532) 42 0060Role in the Project:Director of the SDAP CenterExpert:Karina MelikidzePhone: 893 14 62 54Role in the Project:In charge of conducting energy audit by Key Numbersoftware program and writing reportConsultant:N. Kevhishvili – GTU ProfessorPhone: 897120 332Role in the Project:Energy Auditor, in charge of site inspection and carryingout energy audit.Consultant:P. Gagnidze – Energy AuditorPhone: 851 340 477Role in the Project:Energy audit team member, in charge of site inspection andcarrying out energy audit.7

4 Standards and RegulationThe following Standards and Regulations are relevant for the energy efficiency andrenovation measures: Heating, Ventilation, and Conditioning SNIP 2.04.05-86 Boiler Plant Sanitary Regulations Construction Thermal Engineering SNIP II-3-79 *From these standards and regulations, the following requirements are relevant: Heating, Ventilation and Conditioning SNIP 2.04.05-86 Boiler Plant Sanitary Regulations Construction Thermal Engineering SNIP II-3-79 *5 Building State Description5.1 General ConditionsType of BuildingBakuriani General HospitalYear of Construction 1974 In regular operation since (year)Working days Saturday SundayOccupancy24 24 24 (houschedulers/dHeating Schedule 24 24 24 ay)(hours/dNumber of Occupants (staff and in-patients)ay)Permanent Inhabitants/Staff 14 personsNumber of Beds 5 unitAverage Indoor Temperature: 21°СBuilding DataTotal Area 661.5 m² First Floor Area 661.5 m²Total Volume 1984.5 m³ Second Floor Area - m²Floor Area (footprint) 661.5 m² Number of Floors 18

External WallsGeneral evaluation of the condition of thewallsTotal area of externalwalls263.9 m²medium thermal capacityUvalue(average)1.82 W/m²KOrientation N NE E SE S SW W NWTotal 74.152 51.64 85.428 52.673Coefficient of thermal conductivity for walls: concrete is λ=1.28 w/m*K,thickness δ= 0.5 m, exterior cement sandy plaster - δ=0.03 m,λ=0.93w/m*K and from the inside insulation mineral wool layer with athickness δ=0.05 m, λ=0.055 w/m*K is proposed.Required thermal resistance value in case of insulation was calculatedMaterial Typeas:m1R 0 =1/8.7 +0.5/1.28+0.03/0.93+0.05/0.055 +0.01/0.8+1/23 =1.502 m 2 *K/WHeat transfer value: U= 1/1.502=0.67 W/m 2 KWindowsThe double-glazed wood frame windowsGeneral evaluation of the condition of windowsshould be replaced with double glazedmetal plastic windows.Total Area of Windows 76.0 m²U value(existing)3,0 W/m²KOrientation Material 1 Type 2 Size A xBArea Q-ty g Joints U valuem m 2 n M W/m 2 KN W 2G1.33x1.62.49x1.917.02418.924840.62 - 2.5E W 1.2x1.9 4.56 2 0.62 0.62 - 2.5SWWW1.5x1.61.33x1.61.1x1.61.53x1.6.1.53x1.61,47x1.924.6722.4488.379Total 76 295222130,62 0,62 - 2.50.62 0.62 - 2.59

Material 1Type 2Wood (W), Aluminium (Al), Plastic (P), Steel (St)Single-frame (S), Double-frame (D), Bonded frame(B),Single glazed (1G), Double glazed (2G), Triple glazed(3G)The current state of the windows is unsatisfactory. The heat transfer coefficients were takenfrom a site inspection of the windows and frames.DoorsGeneral evaluation of the condition ofdoorsMetal plasticType of doorsNo. of doors 3TotaldoorsareaSingle framed double glazingU11.7 m²(average)value2.91W/m²KRoofGeneral evaluation of the condition of the roof661.5Total Roof AreaRoof typeMaterialtypeInsulation typeAcceptable; with atticU valuem²(average)SlabInsul.thicthickn.kn.mm °CAvg.temp.1.0 W/m²KAream²UW/m²Kn/a m1 Glass wool 5 cm 0.7TotalMaterial Type m1Insulation Type i1The roof is covered with tin. The attic is located primarily above the heated area of thebuilding. The heat transfer U value (average) is evaluated as 1.0 W/m 2 K, based oninformation about the roof material as well as the results of the site inspection.Floor (with heat losses to outdoor air, through ground or unheated basement)General evaluation of the condition of theNot AcceptablefloorTotal Floor Area661.5U valuem²(average)1.1 W/m²KType of FloorFloor ConstructionMaterialsConcrete covered with laminated plastic and ceramic floor tiles10

5.2 Heating SystemThe hospital has no heating system. It has been fully stripped and is no longerfunctioning.5.3 Hot Water Supply SystemThere is a hot water supply system in the hospital. There are plans to install a hot watersystem together with the new heating system.5.4 Lighting SystemLuminariesQuantitypcsInstalledCapacitykWAveragePowerW/m 2Incandescent 100 50 5.0 4.5WOther energyefficient bulbs - - -Total 50 5.0 4.5Type of Control/CommentsLightingAverage Power 4.5 W/m 2DemandOperation Period 70 h/weekOperation Period 52 weeks/yearMax. Simultaneous 7.56 W/m²Power5.6 VariousQuantity Installed AverageVarious ExploitableCapacity Powerpcs kW W/m 2Computers 2 0.2 0.1X-ray Machine 1 12 4Ultra Sound Machine 1 0.2 0.1Centrifugal Machine 1 0.25 0.1Urine Teststing Machine 1 0.15 0.1Blood Testing Equipment 1 6.5 1.0Other Medical Equipment 34.7 2.5Total 54 7.9CommentsVarious ExploitableAverage Power Demand 4.0 W/m 2Operation Period - h/weekOperation Period 52 weeks/yearMax. Simultaneous Power 5.0 W/m²11

The reconstruction works envisage air conditioning with the parameters shown below.5.6 Air ConditioningAir conditioning system:CO1H1-9brand, quantityType of air conditioningCentralizedsystemState of air conditioningA new system should be installedsystemIn operation since(year)Installed air conditioning system:Total capacity 3.1 kW * Operation period 36 h/weekMeasured summertemperature25.0 ºCMaximum internalSupplied air18.0 ºCtemperaturetemperature16.0 ºC5.7 VentilationInstalledcapacitykWQuantityOperationperiodh/weekType/CommentVentilation 1.75 7 KVKE channel fan0.4 2 WILO- IPL25/90-0.25/2Pump, heatingIPL32/110-0.75/2Total 2.15 96 Energy Consumption6.1 Measured Energy ConsumptionCurrently the old building has not been in use for a long time and will now be rehabilitatedfor hospital purposes.Thermal Capacity and Tariffs:Energy Carrier Termal Capacity Unit CommentNatural gas35000kj/m 3 i.e 8.26 kW*h/Nm 3Electricity tariff - 0.19 Gel/kW*hNatural gas tariff 1,25 Gel/ m 3The above thermal capacity and tariffs are used for further calculations.The thermal energy generated by burning of 1m 3 natural gas based on the boilerefficiency will be E=35000/3600*0.85=8.26 [kW*h/m 3 ].The price of thermal energy is calculated by the following the correlation P=T/E12

[Gel/kW*h] where T- is the tariff of gas [Gel/m 3 ] . P=1.25/8.26=0.15 Gel/kW*h6.2 Calculated and Baseline Energy ConsumptionThe baseline energy consumption of the Municipal Hospital Building in Bakuriani necessaryto ensure normal operating conditions was determined as approximately 288540 kWh/yearfor space heating, 3871 kWh/year for hot water supply with local boiler, and 14476 kWh/yearelectricity for lighting system purposes.The building is characterized as one with a medium thermal capacity.The decision to undertake an energy audit was made because a building renovation iscurrently being carried out, thus the aim of this energy audit is to estimate the energyconsumption and ENCON potential in the building and to develop further recommendations.Energy BudgetThe calculated and measured energy consumption before and after the implementation ofthe energy efficiency and renovation measures are summarized in the following EnergyBudget Table.Budget ItemENERGY BUDGET - ENERGY AUDITBefore EECalculatedBefore EEMeasuredBefore EEBaselineAfter EE andRenovation[kWh/m²year] [kWh/m²year] [kWh/m²year] [kWh/m²year]Heating (1 st floor) 354.7 354.7 436.5 348.9Ventilation 46.0 46.0 46.0 46.0DHW 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9Fans/ Pumps 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5Lighting 21.9 21.9 21.9 7.3Various 14.9 14.9 14.9 14.9Cooling 0 0 0 0Total 453.8 453.8 535.8 433.5Budget ItemENERGY BUDGET - ENERGY AUDITBefore EECalculatedBefore EEMeasuredBefore EEBaselineAfter EE andRenovation[kWh/year] [kWh/year] [kWh/year] [kWh/year]Heating (1 st floor) 234435 234435 288540 230619Ventilation 30433 30433 30433 30433DHW 3871 3871 3871 3871Fans/Pumps 6960 6960 6960 6960Lighting 14476 14476 14476 4825Various 9857 9857 9857 9857Cooling 0 0 0 0Total 300031 300031 354137 286565Figure 1. Annual energy consumption calculated by the ENSI Key Numbers SoftwareProgramAnnual Energy Consumption13

In the ENSI Key Numbers Software:Column - “Baseline” presents the required energy consumption for comfortable conditions inthe building under present operation conditions.Column - “After Measures” presents the reduced energy consumption estimates as a resultof implementing the suggested ENCON measures.7. Energy Efficiency PotentialThe numbers here result from modelling economic calculations made with the EconomySoftware Program. The Energy Auditing Team has identified a considerable energyefficiency improvement potential for this building, which is presented below:Savings in delivered energy 67572 kWh/yearNet savings 10222 GEL/yearInvestments 12258 GELPayback 1.2 yearsThe energy savings potential for the identification of energy efficiency and renovationmeasures is summarized in the following table:14

EE Potential - Energy AuditBakuriani General Hospital Heated Area: 661.5 m²EE Measures Investment Net Savings Payback NPVQ[GEL] [kWh/yr] [GEL/yr] [year] *1. Insulation of walls 6060 38129 5719 1.1 6.792. Insulation of ceiling 5488 27279 4092 1.3 5.153. Installation of a new lightingsystem710 2163 411 1.7 1.17Profitable EE Measures1. Insulation of walls 6060 38129 5719 1.1 6.792. Insulation of ceiling 5488 27279 4092 1.3 5.153. Installation of a new lightingsystem710 2163 411 1.7 1.17Total 12258 67571 10222 1.2* Based on a 10.47% real interest rateIt is important to pay attention to the first set of measures shown in the upper part of thetable and summarized as “EE Measures”. There are some measures that may becomparatively expensive, but are still justified taking into account the fuctions that a hospitalperforms.The reduction of CO 2 emissions achieved by implementing all measures identified throughthe energy audit is estimated as – 15.495 tons/year compared to the baseline consumption.These numbers result from the last table (see the section on environmental benefits). Thesavings divided by the energy carrier are multiplied by the CO 2 emission coefficients. Thenthey are summarized and multiplied by the total building area (661.5 m 2 ).14.6x 0.399=5.825 (kg/m 2 a)87.6x0.202=17.6 (kg/m 2 a)5.825 + 17.6 =23.425(kg/m 2 a)23.425x 661.5=15.495 (t/a)15

8 Energy Efficiency Measures8.1 List of MeasuresThe following EE and renovation measures are evaluated and described in detail in thischapter. A list of profitable EE measures is provided in the table below:1. Insulation of walls4. Insulation of ceiling5. Installation of fluorescent bulbsEnergy Efficiency and Renovation Measures8.2 MeasuresA description of all measures that have been evaluated is given below.MeasureCurrent Situation1. – Insulation of WallsThe walls of the hospital building are constructed from concrete blocks. The thickness of the walls is0.5 m, but there are still considerable thermal losses through the exterior walls.Description of MeasureIn order to reduce heat loses it is feasible to insulate the inner surface of the walls with 0.05m glasswool and 0.01m thick gypsum boards facing.Calculation of Savings (by ENSI ® Key Number Software or other tool)The above measure requires the insulation of 263 m 2 walls.-Gypsum board, 17 GEL/m 2 x 263 = 4471 GEL-Insulation, 3 GEL/ m 2 x 263 = 789 GELThe total investment constitutes 5260 GEL.The amount of saved energy calculated by the software program was defined as 38129 kWh/y. Inmonetary terms this will constitute: 38129 x 0.15 = 5719 GEL (0.15 GEL is the price of heat per kWhof electricity).Investment:Design/Planning 100 GELProject Management 100 GELInsulation/Installation of the Walls 5260 GELControl and Testing 49500 290 GELAs-built Documentation 0 GELOther Expenses 100 GEL16

Total Investment 6060 GELO&M Expenses Per Year (+/-) 0 GEL/yearNet Savings 5719 GEL/yearEconomic Lifetime 20 YearsMeasure.Current Situation2. – Thermal Insulation of CeilingThe roof with attic is located directly above the heated space. A U-value (average) has beencalculated as U=1.0 Wm 2 /K, based on the results of the site inspection and information about the roofconstruction materials.Description of MeasureImprovements made to the attic by application of insulation material contributes to reducting the U-value (average) to the number: U= 0.7 Wm 2 /KCalculation of Savings (by ENSI ® Key Number Software or other tool)The above measure calls for the insulation of the roof area: F= 661 m 2 . Thus,661x8 = 5288 GEL should be invested. The amount of saved energy calculated by the software is27279 kWh/y. In monetary terms this will constitute: 27279 x 0.15= 4092 GEL.Investment:Design/Planning 100 GELProject Management 100 GELInsulation of the Roof 5288 GELGELAs-built Documentation 0 GELTotal InvestmentGELO&M Expenses Per Year (+/-) 5488 GEL/yearO&M Expenses Per Year (+/-) 0 GEL/yearNet Savings 4092 GEL/yearEconomic Lifetime 20 Years17

Measure. 3. – Installing the New Lighting SystemCurrent SituationCurrently the Bakuriani General Hospital Building is mainly installed with incasendent bulbs forlighting.Description of MeasureThe energy audit team has decided to renovate the lighting system in the Hospital Building in order tocreate comfortable conditions. It was concluded that energy efficient bulbs should be installed.Calculation of Savings (by ENSI ® Key Number Software or other tool)The baseline energy amount of the lighting system constitutes 14476 kWh/y. It was identified by thesoftware program that by installing a modern lighting system with compact fluorescent bulbs, theamount of saved energy will constitute 2163 kWh/y. Calculating this amount of energy by theelectricity tariff, we will get a savings in monetary terms of: 2163 x 0,19=411 GEL.The investment into replacing the existing lighting system with an efficient one including theinstallation constitutes 500 GEL:-50 fluorescent bulbs (10 GEL/Piece) – 500 GELInvestment:Design/Planning 10 GELProject Management 50 GELInstalling the New Lighting System 50 GELRequired Components 500 GELControl and Testing 100 GELAs-built Documentation 0 GELOther ExpensesGELTotal Investment 710 GELO&M Expenses Per Year (+/-) 0 GEL/yearNet Savings 411 GEL/yearEconomc Lifetime 5 years18

CentralHeatingElectricityGasOilOther9 Environmental BenefitsThe calculated savings in delivered energy and related reductions in CO 2 emissions for area– F=661.5 m 2 are identified as follows:Energy CarrierPresent Situation – Baseline (kWh/m²a) - 21.9 436.5After EE and Renovation Measures(kWh/m²a)- 7.3 348.9Savings (kWh/m²a) - 14.6 87.6Savings (kWh/a) - 9651 57921CO 2 Emission Coefficients (kg/kWh) - 0,3999 0.202CO 2 Emission Reductions (kg/m²a) - 5.825 17.6CO 2 Emission Reductions (t/year) 15.495The reduction of CO 2 emissions achieved by implementing all the energy efficiencymeasures identified through the energy audit is estimated as 15.495 tons/year14.6 x 0.399=5.825(kg/m 2 a)87.6 x0.202=17.6 (kg/m 2 a)5.825 + 17.6 =23.425 c23.425 x 661.5=15.495 (t/a)19

Appendix 1Photo Materials of the BakurianiGeneral Hospital20