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Contentsxiii10.2 Fabrication of MIPs-Based RTP Optosensors 36110.2.1 Conventional MIPs with RTP Detection 36110.2.2 Incorporation of Heavy Atoms into MIPs 36410.2.3 Surface Imprinting on PhosphorescentNanoparticles 36810.3 RTP Detection Modes 37410.3.1 Static Measurement 37410.3.2 Flow-Through Assays 37710.4 Applications 37910.4.1 RTP Sensing of Nafcillin 37910.4.2 RTP Sensing of PAHs 38110.4.3 Sensing of Copper Ions 38210.4.4 Sensing of Pentachlorophenol 38310.5 Conclusions 38411. Electrochemical Sensing of NitroaromaticCompounds in Natural Waters and Soil Samples 389Taher Alizadeh11.1 Introduction 38911.2 Nitroaromatic Compounds 39011.3 Different Strategies Developed for Preparationof MIP for Nitroaromatic Compounds 39211.4 Electrochemistry of Nitroaromatic Compounds 39811.5 MIP-Based Electrochemical Sensors 40011.5.1 Polymerization Directly on the ElectrodeSurface 40111.5.1.1 Sol-gel and poly TiO 2 systems 40111.5.1.2 Electrodes modified withelectropolymerized films 40511.5.2 Coupling of the MIP Particles withElectrochemical Transducers 40711.5.3 MIP as a Solid Phase Sorbent forSeparation and PreconcentrationBefore Electrochemical Determination 41312. Trace Detection Based on Cyclodextrin AnchoredMolecularly Imprinted TiO 2 Thin Films 421Seung-Woo Lee12.1 Introduction 42112.2 Surface Sol-Gel Process and Molecular Imprinting 423