Aquatic Weed Control in Ponds - Aquaculture at Kentucky State ...

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days after application. Rainfalloccurring within 6 hours of applicationreduces the effectiveness of Rodeo.Imazapyr (Habitat, AquaPier).Imazapyr is a liquid herbicide that ismixed with water and a surfactant orvegetable oil and sprayed on emergent orfloating aquatic weeds. When sprayeddirectly onto emergent leaves, theherbicide is translocated throughout theweed, concentrating in the roots where itcauses the weed to die (which sometimestakes more than two weeks) and preventsfuture re-growth. Imazapyr is mosteffective if applied when the weed isactively growing. The effectiveness ofimazapyr is reduced if it rains within anhour of application. The label notes that“Habitat does not control plants whichare completely submerged or have amajority of their foliage under water.”Due to the risk of oxygendepletion from decomposing weeds, nomore than half the pond’s surface areashould be treated at one time, and atleast 10 to 14 days should separatetreatments. An applicator’s license isrequired to purchase and applyimazapyr. The most current herbicidedirections (found in the leaflet labelattached to the container) shouldoverride any other treatment advice,including that found in this booklet.Imazapyr is relativelyenvironmentally safe. Treated watershave no restrictions for recreationincluding swimming and fishing or forlivestock consumption. However,imazapyr may not be applied to waterwithin one-half mile upstream of anactive potable water intake.Triclopyr (Renovate 3,Renovate OTF, Garlon 3A). Renovate3 is a liquid herbicide used to controlcertain emergent, submersed andfloating aquatic plants (includingalligatorweed, milfoil, waterhyacinth,waterlily, and waterprimrose) in bodiesof water that have little or no continuousoutflow. Mixing triclopyr with a nonionicsurfactant is recommended toimprove its effectiveness.Renovate OTF (On TargetFlakes) settles directly on submersedweeds and, therefore, is effective atlower concentrations than liquidRenovate 3. (60% less active ingredientcan be used when applying RenovateOTF, making it more environmentallyfriendly).Triclopyr treated water shouldnot be used for irrigation for 120 daysunless the triclopyr is not detectable bylaboratory analysis. The most currentherbicide directions (found in the leafletlabel attached to the container) shouldoverride any other treatment advice,including that found in this booklet.Penoxsulam (Galleon SC).Galleon SC was approved for use as anaquatic herbicide on July 17, 2007. Itcontrols duckweed, water hyacinth,cabomba, egeria (elodea), Eurasianwatermilfoil, hydrilla and sagopondweed.Galleon SC partially controlsweeds in the following list. Dependingon dosage, time of year, growth stage,application method and degree of watermovement, the weeds listed above canbe controlled while leaving thefollowing native species unharmed. (Orhigher treatment rates can be used tocontrol weeds in both lists). Partiallycontrolled weeds include watermeal,alligatorweed, arrowhead, parrotfeather,smartweed, pondweed, najas andspikerush.A surfactant must be added whenemergent weeds are being controlled. Aswith Sonar, Galleon SC is very slowacting and should be applied to the entire16
pond surface at once. (Partial or spottreatments result in dilution of theherbicide with the untreated water).Galleon SC also can be applied as a preemergentin empty (dewatered) ponds.Check a current label to get the exacttreatment rate for each type of weed.Sodium CarbonatePeroxyhydrate (GreenCleanPRO,Phycomycin, Pak 27). SodiumCarbonate Peroxyhydrate (percarbonate)is a granular algaecide/fungicide used totreat, control and prevent a broadspectrum of algae and fungi. For themost effective treatment, usepercarbonate when algae growth firstappears, and treat early in the day whensunny with little or no wind. Floatingalgae mats should be broken up beforeor during treatment; and after treatment,dead algae can be removed from thewater surface to prevent excessivenutrients from entering back into thewater (during decomposition) andstimulating subsequent heavyphytoplankton blooms. The BioSafeSystems’ technical bulletin points outthat GreenCleanPRO has no restrictionsfor use after treatment and it is labeledfor use in aquaculture. Planktonic bluegreenalgae blooms are treated with 9 to30 lb per acre-foot of water; the exactamount needed depends on the quantityof algae growth, light intensity, andwater quality. The most currentdirections (found on the container)should override any other treatmentadvice, including that found in thisbooklet.The following web site has labelsfor the aquatic herbicides mentionedabove:http://aquat1.ifas.ufl.edu/guide/labmsds.htmlAnother helpful web site ishttp://www.appliedbiochemists.com/products.htmCarefully follow herbicide labelsHerbicides sold in the UnitedStates must be registered with federaland state regulatory agencies. Theprinted information accompanying theherbicide container is called the “label”and constitutes a legal document. Failureto use herbicides according to labelinstructions can lead to severe penalties.From a practical standpoint, misuse ofherbicides can result in poor weedcontrol; risks to people, fish, or wildlife;or herbicide residue problems in fish.The label provides informationon the active ingredient, directions forcorrect use on target plant species,warnings and use restrictions, and safetyand antidote information. Remember,state and local regulations may be morerestrictive than federal regulations.Certain products are registered as“Restricted Use” herbicides and can belegally applied only by trained andcertified applicators or by people undertheir direct supervision. Be sure to checkfederal, state, and local regulations priorto using herbicides.Herbicide treatment rates arebased on pond area or pond volume.Miscalculation will result in either overtreatmentor under-treatment (which mayrequire additional treatments to eradicatethe weed). In either case, more chemicalthan needed will be applied to the pond.Carefully measure pond dimensions andkeep up-to-date records of pond size anddepth. Pond depth tends to decrease overtime because of erosion of embankmentsand sedimentation of pond bottoms. Theonly way to be certain of average ponddepth is to measure water depth beforetreatment at several dozen randomlocations.17
Page 1 and 2: Aquatic Weed Control in PondsRobert
Page 3 and 4: Aquatic Weed Control in PondsBob Du
Page 5 and 6: Figure 6. The filamentous algae,Pit
Page 7 and 8: Polygonum spp. (smartweed) - leaves
Page 9 and 10: Prevention of aquatic weedsAlmost a
Page 11 and 12: Water draw-downs. Periodicwater dra
Page 13 and 14: y the Environmental Protection Agen
Page 15: days after application up to 4.25 p
Page 19: to a non-toxic level and these nutr
Page 22 and 23: Aquatic group &vegetationCopper sul
Page 24: January 2008, Kentucky State Univer

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