Parental Involvement in Children Academic Motivation

Asian Social Sciencewww.ccsenet.org/assTo increase the low enrollment and control the dropout rate at primary level through parentalinvolvement.3. ObjectivesTo enhance the teacher and parents relationships for better academic performance of the students.To investigate the morally involvement of the parents in their children academic motivation at primary level.To know about the ways parents financially support their children to motivate them for their better academicachievements.To give recommendations for the improvement of the situation.4. Population and SamplePopulation of the study comprised of all students studying in government primary schools in rural areas ofNWFP and their parents.A multistage random sampling technique was used for the collection of data. A sample of 50 schools from thepopulation under study using cluster random sampling technique was selected. Researcher in collaboration withclass in-charges took a sample of 5 students from each school and their parents using simple random samplingtechnique.5. InstrumentationTwo separate structured interview sheets for parents and their children were developed. Both interview sheetswere translated into Urdu and during interview the questions were also asked in Pashto where needed.6. Analysis and Interpretation of DataCollected data through both interview sheets were arranged separately for two main parameters (Moral andFinancial) in tabular form. A Chi-square test of Homogeneity was used to see whether the two groups have thesame opinion for respective statement. Moreover Pearson’s Chi-square test was used to test the opinion of therespondents for respective statement.The perception of the parents and their children was analyzed by using Brand & Snedcor and Pearson’schi-square to test the opinion of the respondents in respect of each statement.A simpler method proposed by Brand and Snedcor is used to calculate the value of 2 to see whether the twogroups (samples) are Homogenous in respect of each statement.The test statistic is: 2 (H) = N 2 [ ai 2 / ci – A/N] ~ 2 (n -1)With = .05C.R = 2 2 .05 (4) = 9.48Another test is used to test that there is no significant variation in respect of the Statement between parents andtheir children. For this purpose Pearson’s 2 test is used to calculate the value of 2The test statistic is: 2 (P) = (Oi – Ei) 2 / Ei ~ 2 (k -1) where k =5With =.05C.R = 2 cal 2 .05 (4) = 9.487. ConclusionsOn the basis of analysis of data the following conclusions were drawn:1. Parents frequently discuss importance of education and educational affairs with their children at home whichcause academic motivation.2. Children get motivation through praise and appreciation on better performance by their parents.3. Parents try to avoid children from social evils and from family financial ups and downs so that they may notbe confused with these issues.4. Balanced diet and proper health care of children is insured by the parents which was a positive aspect forchildren academic motivation.5. Children are not helped and encouraged in their homework and in co-curricular activities.96

2 卒 業 研 究工 学 部 および 本 学 科 における 勉 学 の 総 仕 上 げとして、3 年 次 第 2 学 期 から、 指 導 教 員を 選 択 ( 研 究 室 に 配 属 )し、テーマを Student Motivation in Learning andTeaching Contexts. Journal of Educational Psychology, 95(4), 667-686.Pomerantz, E. M., Wang, Q. & Ng, F. (2005). Mothers' Affect in the Homework Context: The Importance ofStaying Positive. Developmental Psychology, 41(2), 414-427.97

Asian Social Sciencewww.ccsenet.org/assSansone, C., Sachau, D. A., & Weir, C. (1989). Effects of Instruction on Intrinsic Interest: The Importance ofContext. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57(5), 819-829.Skinner, B. F. (1974). About Behaviorism. New York: Knopf.Steers, R. M., Lyman, W. P. & Gregory A. B. (1996). Motivation and Leadership at Work. 6th Ed. New York:McGraw-Hill.Vroom, V. H. (1964). Work and Motivation. New York: John Wiley & Sons.Wlodkowski, R. & Jaynes, J. H. (1990). Eager to Learn: Helping Children Become Motivated and LoveLearning. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers.Woolfolk, A. (2001). Educational Psychology. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.Table 1. Morally InvolvementSr. NoWays of Involvement1 Discuss educational affairs with children.23Make home environment suit for childreneducational progress.Expectations about children better academicachievements.4 Help children in completing their homework.56789Praise and appreciate children on better academicachievement.Give physical punishment for better academicachievements.Encourage children participation in co-curricularactivities.Evaluate and sign children progress reportsregularly.Communicate with teachers about childrenregular attendance.10 Avoid children involving in social evils.11Aware children about the importance ofeducation in society.12 Avoid children from family/social enmity.1314Attend different school programs to encouragechildren.Communicate with teachers about childrenacademic position.Encourage good relationships with peers atschool and in society.Respondents’Category 2 (P)Parents 152Children 123.3Parents 57.8Children 111.6Parents 96.84Children 105.6Parents 8.05Children 7.94Parents 45.6Children 11.0Parents 46.36Children 113.82Parents 6.27Children 4.8Parents 37.2Children 40.6Parents 6.51Children 6.02Parents 151.5Children 184.0Parents 94.6Children 111.6Parents 2.5Children 7.2Parents 32.95Children 45.98Parents 65.0Children 39.6Parents 70.31513.9Children 15.6Table 1 shows that the value of 2 (H) cal 2 tab (9.48) for the statement Nos. 1,4,5,6,7,10,11,12. It means that theboth groups (Parents and Children) have the same opinion about the said statements. Moreover 2 (P) cal 2 tab(9.48) for the statement Nos. 4,6,7,9,12 which lead to the rejection of these statements by both groups. 2 (H)2.010.8167.22.41.367.627.227.23.20.85.626.053.098

Asian Social Science Vol. 6, No. 4; April 2010Table 2. Financially InvolvementSr. NoWays of Involvement1 Avoid children from family financial ups and downs.2 Arrange proper tuition for children.3 Provide transport facility to children.4 Make sure proper care of health of children.5 Give pocket money to children for entertainment.67Give gifts or cash prizes on good academicperformance.Take children to favourite places on better academicachievements.8 Assist in educational and daily life needs.9Give curse of desirable things on better academicachievements.Respondents’Category 2 (P)Parents 103.3Children 105.6Parents 7.89Children 4.55Parents 41.64Children 155.2Parents 151.5Children 124.6Parents 61.1Children 64.6Parents 7.8Children 2.03Parents 2.14Children 8.2Parents 4.5Children 6.7Parents 7.5Children 2.78Parents 80.510 Provision of balanced diet for children.6.4Children 130.7Table 2 shows that the value of 2 (H) cal 2 tab (9.48) for the statement Nos. 1,2,4,6,7,8,9,10. It means that the bothgroups (Parents and Children) have the same opinion about these statements. Moreover 2 (P) cal 2 tab (9.48) forthe statement Nos. 2,6,7,8,9 which lead to the rejection of these statements by both groups. 2 (H)4.23.656.729.3825.62.46.40.364.899

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