On Liberty John Stuart Mill Batoche Books

On Liberty/49contained in Christianity men should ignore any of those which it doescontain. Such prejudice, or oversight, when it occurs, is altogether anevil; but it is one from which we cannot hope to be always exempt, andmust be regarded as the price paid for an inestimable good. The exclusivepretension made by a part of the truth to be the whole, must andought to be protested against; and if a reactionary impulse should makethe protestors unjust in their turn, this one-sidedness, like the other, maybe lamented, but must be tolerated. If Christians would teach infidels tobe just to Christianity, they should themselves be just to infidelity. It cando truth no service to blink the fact, known to all who have the mostordinary acquaintance with literary history, that a large portion of thenoblest and most valuable moral teaching has been the work, not only ofmen who did not know, but of men who knew and rejected, the Christianfaith.I do not pretend that the most unlimited use of the freedom of enunciatingall possible opinions would put an end to the evils of religious orphilosophical sectarianism. Every truth which men of narrow capacityare in earnest about, is sure to be asserted, inculcated, and in manyways even acted on, as if no other truth existed in the world, or at allevents none that could limit or qualify the first. I acknowledge that thetendency of all opinions to become sectarian is not cured by the freestdiscussion, but is often heightened and exacerbated thereby; the truthwhich ought to have been, but was not, seen, being rejected all the moreviolently because proclaimed by persons regarded as opponents. But itis not on the impassioned partisan, it is on the calmer and more disinterestedbystander, that this collision of opinions works its salutary effect.Not the violent conflict between parts of the truth, but the quiet suppressionof half of it, is the formidable evil; there is always hope whenpeople are forced to listen to both sides; it is when they attend only toone that errors harden into prejudices, and truth itself ceases to have theeffect of truth, by being exaggerated into falsehood. And since there arefew mental attributes more rare than that judicial faculty which can sitin intelligent judgment between two sides of a question, of which onlyone is represented by an advocate before it, truth has no chance but inproportion as every side of it, every opinion which embodies any fractionof the truth, not only finds advocates, but is so advocated as to belistened to.We have now recognised the necessity to the mental well-being ofmankind (on which all their other well-being depends) of freedom of