PLENARY LECTURE: Critical Issues(Friday Dec 5 Morning)Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) –Mechanism, procedure and evidenceInvited lecturerUdi Oren, PhD, PresidentEMDR Europe Association,Tel Aviv, IsraelEye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) was created by Dr.Francine Shapiro, a Psychologist and Senior Research Fellow at the Mental Research<strong>Institute</strong> in Palo Alto, USA. It is an innovative clinical treatment, whichhas successfully helped over one million people who have experienced psychologicaldifficulties which originate from some kind of traumatic experience, suchas sexual abuse, childhood neglect, road traffic accidents and violence. EMDR isalso successful in treating other complaints such as performance anxiety, selfesteemissues, phobias, and other trauma related anxiety disorders.EMDR is a complex method of psychotherapy which integrates many of the successfulelements of a range of therapeutic approaches, and combines them witheye movements or other forms of bilateral stimulation in ways which stimulatethe brain's information processing system.Normally, the individual processes traumatic experiences naturally. However,when a person is severely traumatized, either by an overwhelming event or bybeing repeatedly subjected to distress, this healing process may become overloaded,leaving the original disturbing experiences unprocessed. These unprocessedmemories can be stored in the brain in a "raw" form where they can becontinually re-evoked when experiencing events that are similar to the originalexperience.EMDR utilizes the body's natural healing ability and allows the brain to healpsychological problems at the same rate as the rest of the body heals physicalailments. Because EMDR allows the mind and body to heal at the same rate,treatment can be rapid. The number of sessions required for EMDR treatment,however, will vary according to the complexity of the issues being dealt with. Ingeneral, the more isolated the traumatic memory being treated, the shorter thetreatment tends to be.There have been 14 controlled studies supporting the efficacy of EMDR, makingit the most thoroughly researched method in the treatment of trauma. Themost recent five studies with people suffering from a range of events such asrape, combat, bereavement, accidents, natural disasters etc. have found that84 - 90% of the participants no longer had Post-traumatic Stress Disorder followingEMDR treatment. Given its wide application, EMDR promises to be atherapy that will continue its development in to the future.The lecture will focus on EMDR's mechanism, procedure and evidence, and willlook in to the anecdotal evidence for the usefulness of EMDR treatment for thesurvivors of torture.40
ReferencesBisson, J., & Andrew, M. (2007). Psychological treatment of post-traumaticstress disorder (PTSD). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2007, Issue23. Art. No.: CD003388.pub3.Perkins, B.R. & Rouanzoin, C.C. (2002). A critical evaluation of current viewsregarding eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): Clarifyingpoints of confusion. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 58, 77-97.Wilson, S., Becker, L.A., & Tinker, R.H. (1997). Fifteen-month follow-up of eyemovement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) treatment of posttraumaticstress disorder and psychological trauma. Journal of Consulting andClinical Psychology, 65, 1047-1056.41
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