NFPA 110 1999 Edition Standard for Emergency & Standby Power ...

Washington State PatrolOffice of the State Fire MarshalServing Washington Since 1901NFPA 110 1999 EditionStandard for Emergency & Standby Power Systems

Level 1 EPSS• 2-2.4.1* Level 1 defines the most stringentequipment performance for applicationswhere failure of the equipment to performcould result in loss of human life or seriousinjuries. All Level 1 equipment shall bepermanently installed.

LevelMaintenance1 EPSSandOperational Testing• A-2.2.4.1 Typically, Level 1systems are intended to automaticallysupply illumination or power, or both,to critical areas and equipment in theevent of failure of the primary supplyor in the event of danger to elementsof a system intended to supply,distribute, and control power andillumination essential for safety tohuman life.• Level 1 systems generally are installedin places of assembly where artificialillumination is required for safe exitingand for panic control in buildingssubject to occupancy by largenumbers of people.

Level 1 EPSS• A-2.2.4.1 (cont’d)• Emergency systems can also providepower for such functions as ventilationwhen essential to maintain life, firedetection and alarm systems,elevators, fire pumps, public safetycommunication systems, industrialprocesses where current interruptionwould produce serious life safety orhealth hazards, and similar functions.(See NFPA 101©, Life Safety Code©, andChapter 3, Electrical Systems, of NFPA 99,Standard for Health Care Facilities)

Level 2 EPSS• 2-2.4.2 Level 2 definesequipment performancerequirements for applicationswhere failure of the EPSS toperform is less critical to humanlife and safety and where it isexpected that the authorityhaving jurisdiction will exerciseits option to allow a higherdegree of flexibility thanprovided by Level l. All level 2equipment shall be permanentlyinstalled.

Type• 2-2.2 Type defines the maximum time, in seconds, thatthe EPSS will permit the load terminals of the transferswitch to be without acceptable electrical power. Table 2-2.2 provides the types defined by this standard.• Table 2-2.2 Types of EPSSs===============================================• Type U Basically uninterruptible UPS systems• Type 10 10 seconds• Type 60 60 seconds• Type 120 120 seconds• Type M Manual stationary or non-automatic – notimelimit================================================

Class• 2-2.3 Class defines the minimum time, in hours, for whichthe EPSS is designed to operate at its rated load without beingrefueled.• Table 2-2.3 Classification of EPSSs===================================================• Class 0.083 0.083 hours (5 minutes)• Class 0.25 0.25 hours (15 minutes)• Class 2 2 hours• Class 6 6 hours• Class 48 48 hours• Class X Other time in hours as requiredby the application, code, or user====================================================

Routine Maintenance andOperational Testing

Routine Maintenance• 6-1.1* The routine maintenance and operationaltesting program shall be based on the manufacturer’srecommendations, instruction manuals, and theminimum standards of this chapter and the authorityhaving jurisdiction.• 6-1.2 Consideration shall be given to temporarilyproviding a portable or alternative source whenever theemergency generator is out of service.

Manuals, Special Tools andSpare Parts• 6-2.1 At least two sets of instructionmanuals for all major components ofthe EPSS shall be supplied by themanufacturer(s) of the EPSS and shallcontain the following:• (a) A detailed explanation of the operation of the system• (b) Instructions for routine maintenance• (c) Detailed instructions for the repair of the EPS and other majorcomponents of the EPSS• (d) An illustrated parts list and part numbers• (e) Illustrated and schematic drawings of electrical wiring systems,including operating and safety devices, control panels,instrumentation, and annunciators

Manuals Special Tools and Spare Parts(Continued)• 6-2.2 For Level 1 systems, one set of instructionmanuals shall be kept in a secure location near theequipment. The other set shall be kept in a differentsecure location.• 6-2.3 Special tools and testing devices required forroutine maintenance shall be available for use whenneeded.• 6-2.4 Replacement for parts identified by experienceas high mortality items shall be maintained in a securelocation(s) on the premises. Consideration shall begiven to stocking spare parts as recommended by themanufacturer.

Maintenance andOperational Testing• 6.3.1* The EPSS shall be maintained to ensure to areasonable degree that the system is capable ofsupplying serviced within the time specified for thetype and for the time duration specified for theclass.• 6-3.2 A routine maintenance and operationaltesting program shall be initiated immediately afterthe EPSS has passed acceptance tests or aftercompletion of repairs that impact the operationalreliability of the system.

Records• 6-3.3 A written schedule for routine maintenance andoperational testing of the EPSS shall be established.• 6-3.4 A written record of EPSS inspections, tests,exercising, operation, and repairs shall be maintained onthe premises. The written record shall include thefollowing:• (a) The date of the maintenance report• (b) Identification of servicing personnel• (c) Notation of any unsatisfactory condition and thecorrective action taken, including parts replaced• (d) Testing of any repair for the appropriate time asrecommended by the manufacturer

Transfer Switches andBatteries• 6-3.5 Transfer switches shall be subjected to a maintenanceprogram including connections, inspection or testing forevidence of overheating and excessive contact erosion,removal of dust and dirt, and replacement of contacts whenrequired.• 6-3.6* Storage batteries, including electrolyte levels, used inconnection with Level 1 and Level 2 systems shall beinspected at intervals of not more than 7 days and shall bemaintained in full compliance with manufacturer’sspecifications. Defective batteries shall be repaired orreplaced immediately upon discovery of defects.

Operational Inspection & Testing• 6-4.1 Level 1 and Level 2 EPSSs, includingall appurtenant components, shall beinspected weekly and shall be exercisedunder load at least monthly.• 6-4.2 Generator sets in Level 1 and Level 2service shall be exercised at least monthlyfor a minimum of 30 minutes using one of thefollowing methods:• (a) Under operating temperature conditionsor at not less than 30 percent of the EPSnameplate rating.• (b) Loading that maintains the minimumexhaust gas temperatures as recommendedby the manufacturer• The date and time of day for required testingshall be decided by the owner, based onfacility operations.

Operational Inspection & Testing• 6-4.2.1 Equivalent loads used for testingshall be automatically replaced withemergency loads in case of failure of theprimary source.• 6-4.2.2 Diesel-powered EPS installationsthat do not meet the requirements of 6-4.2shall be exercised monthly with theavailable EPSS load and exercisedannually with supplemental loads at 25 %of nameplate rating for 30 minutes,followed by 50 % of nameplate rating for30 minutes, followed by 75 % of nameplaterating for 60 minutes, for a total of 2continuous hours.

Load Tests6-4.3 Load tests of generator sets shall includecomplete cold starts.6-4.4 Time delays shall be set as follows:(a) Time delay on start: l second minimum• Exception: Gas turbine cycle: 0.5 second minimum(b) Time delay on transfer to emergency: nominimumrequired(c) Time delay on restoration to normal: 5 minutes(d) Time delay on shutdown: 5 minutes minimum

Transfer Switch6-4.5 Level 1 and Level 2 transfer switchesshall be operated monthly. The monthly testof a transfer switch shall consist ofelectrically operating the transfer switchfrom the standard position to the alternateposition and then return to the standardposition.• 6-4.6* EPSS circuit breakers for Level 1system usage, including main and feedbreakers between the EPS and the transferswitch load terminals, shall be exercisedannually with the EPS in the off position.– Exception: Medium and high-voltage circuitbreakers for Level 1 system usage shall beexercised every six months and tested undersimulated overload conditions every two years.

Oversight• 6-4.7 The routinemaintenance andoperational testingprogram shall beoverseen by a properlyinstructed individual.

Operational Inspection & Testing• A-6-2 Where adequately securedfrom public access, it is desirable tolocate instruction manual, specialtools and testing devices, and spareparts in the room in which theemergency power supply is located.The articles should be mounted at aconvenient location on a wall andshould be enclosed in a metal orother suitable cabinet. The cabinetshould accommodate the instructionmanual on the inside of the door.

Maintenance• A-6-3.1 The suggested maintenanceprocedure and frequency should follow thoserecommended by the manufacturer. I theabsence of such recommendations, the FiguresA-6-3.1 (a) and (b) indicate alternate suggestedprocedures.• A- 6-3.6 Maintenance of batteries shouldinclude checking and recording the value of thespecific gravity.• A- 6-4.6 Circuit breakers should be testedunder simulated overload conditions every 2years.

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