Non-renewable groundwater resources: a ... - unesdoc - Unesco

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draft articles on the law of transboundary aquifers, in preparation since 2003 at the UN InternationalLaw Commission, with the scientific support of UNESCO-IHP.They are also part of the inventory of transboundary aquifers around the world initiatedby UNESCO-IHP since 2000 under its Internationally Shared Aquifer Resources Managementproject (ISARM). The aim of the project is to reach the sustainable management of transboundaryaquifers.Finally, just recently, UNESCO-IHP together with WMO submitted the chapter on the statusof the resources in the second UN World Water Development Report (March 2006) recommendingto decision makers and water scientists to pay greater attention to non-renewablegroundwater resources.We hope that this monograph could be useful to decision makers in addressing theenvironmentally and socially sustainable policies that should be set up as long as due considerationis given to the assessment and management modalities for non-renewableresources.Alice AureliResponsible for the GroundwaterResources ActivitiesInternational Hydrological ProgramDivision of Water SciencesUNESCORaya Marina StephanLawyerConsultantInternational Hydrological ProgramDivision of Water SciencesUNESCOReferencesAgence de l’Eau Seine-Normandie, Le SDAGE, 2. La gestion qualitative des eaux superficielles etsouterraines, Eaux souterraines, Grandes Orientations pour le bassin, Orientation 6,Préserver certaines ressources particulières, http://www.eau-seine-normandie.fr/index.php,last accessed 7 April 2006.Gestion des eaux souterraines, available at http://www.centre.ecologie.gouv.fr/Sta_Piezo/ressources.pdf, last accessed 7 April 2006. (Official web site of the DIREN, DirectionRégionale de l’Environnement, representative in the regions of the Ministère de l’Écologie etdu Développement Durable).Les nappes d’eau profonde : l’Albien et le Néocomien, available at http://www.drire.gouv.fr/ile-de-france/ssol/albien/index.html, last accessed 7 April 2006.Vernoux J.-F. (1998). Synthèse hydrogéologique du cretacé inférieur du bassin de Paris,Conférence Internationale « Eau et Développement durable », Paris 19–21 March, availableat http: //www.oieau.fr/ciedd/contributions/at1/contribution/cretace.htm, last accessed7 April 2006.
From the World BankThe World Bank, through GW-MATe its Groundwater Management Advisory Team, has beenpleased to work with the UNESCO-International Hydrological Programme on the developmentand writing of this publication. GW-MATE also acts as the Global Water Partnership AssociateProgramme on Groundwater Management, and the members of GW-MATe that have beeninvolved in this publication are Stephen Foster (Director), Marcella Nanni (Water Sector LegislationSpecialist) and Karin Kemper (GWMATE Manager/Lead Water Resources ManagementSpecialist).The utilisation of non-renewable groundwater resources, whether on a planned orunplanned basis, implies the mining of storage reserves. As such it presents a special challengedue to the social, economic and political concerns that have to be taken into account by policyand decision makers.In the more arid climates in general and the Middle East and North Africa Region in particular,the use of non-renewable groundwater offers an opportunity to alleviate growing waterscarcity, improve social welfare and facilitate economic development. Therefore such developmentshould be considered if certain criteria can be met and specific risks can be managed inorder to ensure socially sustainable utilization of the resource. Constraining utilization of nonrenewablegroundwater on grounds of long-term physical unsustainability would be insufficient.To confront the challenge posed in achieving socially-sustainable development of nonrenewablegroundwater an integrated approach to resource management will be essential.Integrated across the water-user sectors and integrated in a multi-disciplinary sense. It is for thislatter reason that the Guidebook places strong emphasis on the socio-economic, institutionaland legal dimensions of groundwater utilisation and management, and places less weight on thetechnical aspects of resource evaluation, which have been dealt with extensively elsewhere.It has to be recognised that in hydrogeology, like other environmental sciences, it will alwaysbe difficult to provide black-and-white definitions for many useful concepts that are essential forcommunication at practical resource management level. As outlined in this publication, nonrenewabilityof groundwater resources is not an absolute term but a relative concept – in thesame way as the now widely-accepted expression ‘groundwater pollution vulnerability’.The target audience for this publication is water resource decision-makers, and theGuidebook is written in a style intended to provide easy reference for them, with a specificframework of Guidelines being presented upfront. We hope that they find the Guidebookprovides a genuinely progressive, but at the same time, sensitive and practical viewpoint on thisimportant environmental topic.Dr Karin KemperWorld Bank
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