First Passive House In Latvia: A Real Example - NorthPass

First Passive House In Latvia:A Real ExampleErvins Krauklis, “KRAUKLIS GRENDE” Ltd, “Passive House Latvija”,architectAgris Kamenders, Phd student, Riga Technical universityAndra Blumberga, Dr. ing., Professor, Riga Technical universityNorthPassThe First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.20101Picture: www.google.lvThe First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.20102

Passive House in Latvia: The Context2007Low Energy house built by Arturs Gredzens, PH airtightness and ventilationconcepts used. Interest is growing in public spaceThe First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.20105Passive House in Latvia: The Context2008Passive House “Lielkalni” designed and the construction startedPassive House office building “Pamati” designed. The end of building boomAgris Kamenders shows a presentation at 13th Passive House ConferenceThe First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.20106

Passive House in Latvia: The Context2009Crisis at its worst. Construction crunch by up to 70%The First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.20107Passive House in Latvia: The Context2009Passive House Latvija is established and building of network is started. First practicalPH design and PHPP training seminars are organized, significant increase ofpublic interest. First three people from Latvia attend CEPH coursesThe First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.20108

Passive House in Latvia: The Context2010Extremely cold winter: temperatures stay below -20 C for weeks. Hugesnowfalls.The First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.20109Passive House in Latvia: The Context2010Several educational and network building projects with and without externalfunding started, events are well attended by architects, engineers, builders,experts, municipal and state officials.The First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.201010

Passive House in Latvia: The Context2010We expect nearly 200 participants on the next PH seminar with Mr. Hans Eek,Swedish Passive House architect in Riga on 2nd of June.The First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.201011Passive House in Latvian coldclimateWhat does it takes conversion of ‘conventional’ (in terms of energyefficiency) building design to passive house standards without loosingthe originally planned proportions and aesthetic?• Climate study• Energy calculation PHPP 2007 and dynamic simulation TRNSYS 16• Technical characteristics of building• Quality control (measurements)• Results and discussionwww.google.lvThe First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.201012

Photo: Ansis Starks• Typical dwelling in Latvia use from 150 to 350 kWh/(m 2 a) forheating.• Households are one of the most energy consuming sector inLatvia - 37% [Eurostat 2007] of Latvian energy consumption.• Passive building concept is of vital importance for Latvia.• No official low energy building definition or guidelines existin Latvia. Few studies and no real PH examples.• In 2009 the first building designed according to the passivehouse concept was built .The First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.201013• Building Type: Two storey single family house• Location: Latvia, Gipka• Year of Construction: 2009• Architect: Ervīns Krauklis, “Krauklis Grende” Ltd• Mechanical System: Artūrs Gredzens, “Artiva”Ltd• Treated Floor Area : 184,4 m²• Space Heat Demand: from 15 to 27 kWh/(m²a) according worst case scenario• Ecological Measures : PV panels• Ventilation: “Paul” Thermos 300 recuperation system• Heating and hot water: “Vaillant” heat pumpThe First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.201014

Climate study for building energy calculationClimate is characterized by cold climate with very mild summertemperatures:• Yearly average temperature is +6°C• Standard heating season is 211 days• Design temperature -19,6 o C• Average temperature during heating season +0,4 o CWind atlas Latvia, 2002 Solar atlas for Latvia, 2002The First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.201015Climate study for building energy calculation180°C2016014015North12010EastkWh/(m²*month)100805SouthWest600Global40-5AmbientTemp2001 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12month-10The annual available solar radiation in Gipka (building location) is between 900and 1000 kWh/m 2 , which is comparable with other north European cities, likeStockholm (

‘Conventional’ building designRoof:U = 0.194 W/(m 2 K)Glass wool 200 mmWindows:U = 0.175 W/(m 2 K)g = 0.7-0,8Walls:U = 0.291 W/(m 2 K)Glass wool 150 mmSlab on ground: U = 0.242 W/(m 2 K)The First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.201017Design according to PH conceptRoof:U = 0.068 W/(m 2 K)Glass wool 600 mmWindows:U = 0.8 W/(m 2 K)g = 0.51Roof:U = 0.051 W/(m 2 K)Glass wool 800 mmWalls:U = 0.079 W/(m 2 K)Glass wool 500 mmSlab on ground: U = 0.1 W/(m 2 K):foamglass insulation 700 mmThe First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.201018

Thermal modeling: THERM SimulatorThe First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.201019Thermal modeling: THERM SimulatorConnection details (example)Thermal bridge free constructionThe First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.201020

Thermal modeling: THERM Simulatorψ= -0,043W/m·KThe First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.201021Thermal modeling: THERM Simulatorψ= -0,084W/m·KThe First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.201022

Thermal modeling: THERM Simulatorψ= 0,037 W/m·KThe First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.201023Thermal modeling: THERM Simulatorψ= 0,005 W/m·KThe First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.201024

Thermal modeling: THERM Simulatorψ= 0,090 W/m·KThe First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.201025Ventilation and airtightnessFour Blower door tests:n 50 = 0,43 h -1 to 0,7 h -1.For energy calculation 0,7 h -1 usedHeat recovery: Paul ThermosTotal Recovery Efficiency: 89 %The First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.201026

Energy calculationSpace heating demand calculations• DÄMMWERK: 15.6 kWh/(m 2 a), Dipi.Ing. Andreas Mermigas• PHPP 2007: 27 kWh/(m 2 a)• TRNSYS 16 simulation program: 26 kWh/(m 2 a)• Peak load: 23 W/m 2• If building would be build according LBN 002-01 (Latvian buildingcode): 127 kWh/(m 2 a)• Compared with a new building of the same size and planningerected in compliance with the LBN 002-01 standard it is possibleto save up to 80% of energy for heatingThe First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.201027Peak load (TRNSYS16)20 W/m 2-21 o CThe First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.201028

Conclusions• First real passive house in Latvia presents many useful and important solutions for otherpassive house projects in cold climates.• First Blower door test showed very good results n 50 =0,43 h -1 during the construction process.Second Blower door test was performed and showed worse results n 50 =0,7h -1• The space heat consumption of Passive House “Lielkalini” during re-design process wascalculated 15,6 kWh/(m 2 a) and now in worst scenario, based on PHPP 2007 calculation is 27kWh/(m 2 a).• Better (U= 0,65 W/(m 2 *K) windows should be developed and used in cold climates, problemshave been detected with roof windows and skylights with PV cells.• It seems unrealistic to meet required peak load (85%;- Airtightness n50< 0,4 h -1- Orientation of the building to south with maximally glazed south facade- Compact shape- Depth of window reveals be careful with unnecesarily overshaded south windowsHowever, calculation shows that with careful and creative knowledge-based building designit is possible to reach passive house standard in terms of energy consumption in Latvia.The First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.201029Conclusions:orientation!The First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.201030

Photo: Ansis StarksThe First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.201031Photo: Ansis StarksThe First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.201032

Photo: Ansis StarksThe First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.201033“Lielkalni” was picked by the Jury forthe second stage of the BestBuilding of Year in LatviaCompetition 2009The First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.201034

Several PH buildings are in planning processThe First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.201035Ergli Vocational School Student dormitory building:Renovation with PH elements plannedThe First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.201036

Ergli Vocational School Student dormitory building:Renovation with PH elements plannedThe First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.201037Ergli Vocational School Student dormitory building:Renovation with PH elements plannedThe First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.201038

Ergli Vocational School: a five-day training seminarRenovation with PH elementsThe First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.201039Ergli Vocational School: a five-day training seminarRenovation with PH elementsThe First Passive House In Latvia: AReal ExampleErvins Krauklis, arch., Agris Kamenders, stud. Ph. D., AndraBlumberga, Dr. Ing.28.05.201040