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Sravani.Kethireddy* et al. /International Journal Of Pharmacy&TechnologyFig no 4: primary TB infection [86]In pregnant women, tuberculosis bacteria may spread to the fetus and cause disease (called congenitaltuberculosis). However, such cases are extremely uncommon [26].Tuberculosis: A Disease of Many OrgansSite InfectionAbdominal cavityBladderBones (mainly children)BrainPericardium (the membrane around the heart)JointsKidneysLymph nodesReproductive organs in menReproductive organs in womenSpineSymptoms or ComplicationsFatigue, swelling, slight tenderness, andappendicitis-like painPainful urination and blood in urineSwelling and minimal painFever, headache, nausea, drowsiness, and, ifuntreated, coma and brain damageFever, enlarged neck veins, and shortness ofbreathArthritis-like symptomsKidney damage and infection around the kidneysPainless, red swollen lymph nodes, which maydrain pusLump in the scrotumSterilityPain, leading to collapsed vertebrae and legparalysisIJPT | June 2010 | Vol. 2 | Issue No.2 | 206-244Page 213
Sravani.Kethireddy* et al. /International Journal Of Pharmacy&TechnologyFig no 5: pulmonary and extra pulmonary tuberculosis [83]DIAGNOSIS:Tuberculosis is diagnosed definitively by identifying the causative organism (Mycobacteriumtuberculosis) in a clinical sample (for example, sputum or pus). When this is not possible, a probable -although sometimes inconclusive [2] - diagnosis may be made using imaging (X-rays or scans) and/or atuberculin skin test (Mantoux test).A complete medical evaluation for TB must include a medical history, a physical examination, a chestX-ray, microbiological smears, and cultures. It may also include a tuberculin skin test, a serologicaltest.TUBERCULIN TEST: Currently, latent infection is diagnosed in a non-immunized person by atuberculin skin test, which yields a delayed hypersensitivity type response to an extract made from M.tuberculosis. [1] Those immunized for TB or with past-cleared infection will respond with delayedhypersensitivity parallel to those currently in a state of infection, so the test must be used with caution,particularly with regard to persons from countries where TB immunization is common. [41]IJPT | June 2010 | Vol. 2 | Issue No.2 | 206-244Page 214
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