Kosovo non-majority communities within the primary and ... - OSCE

• Further expand graduate studies in non-official languages to increase the number ofqualified teachers and foster professional development training for these teachers;• Ensure the complete subsidised publication and distribution of Bosnian and Turkishlanguage textbooks for primary and secondary education, improve the quality ofnational-subject books and ensure professional translation of general subject books;• Introduce a subject on intercultural education and mainstream communities andcommunities rights as a cross-curricular issue, 103 to promote intercultural education;• Consistently promote social learning opportunities, interaction and contacts amongstudents and teachers of all communities and educational systems;• Prevent and address, especially at the school level, acts of discrimination, hostility orviolence to which students have been or may be subject as a result of their ethnic,cultural, religious or linguistic identity;• Afford, on a voluntary basis, additional classes on the second official language tostudents of both curricula;• Provide, in line with the Hague Recommendations Regarding the Educational Rightsof National Minorities 104 whose mother tongue is different from the officiallanguage(s) and compatibly with parents and students’ wishes:• pre-school and kindergarten education in the mother tongue of the child;• primary school in the mother tongue with the addition of a subject on the officiallanguage(s) being taught on a regular basis, and with the introduction, towards theend of this period, of a few practical subjects taught through the medium of theofficial language(s);• a substantial part of the secondary school curriculum in the mother tongue, whileensuring that the official languages are taught on a regular basis and the number ofsubjects taught in the official languages is gradually increased.103 The Kosovo-curriculum framework of 2001 envisages the following issues as cross-curricular subjects: lifeand personal skills; democratic citizenship and human rights; entrepreneurship; health; environment;information and communication technology; and media.104 Recommendations issued under the auspices of the OSCE High Commissioner on National Minorities, TheHague, October 1996, paragraphs 11-13.25