Benchmarking Data Centers - BOMA

Keeping the Score:Solutions to BenchmarkingData Centers in Multi-TenantBuildings Using ENERGY STARJune 26, 2012BOMA Every Building Conference

Agenda• Introductions• Benchmarking Data Centers in EPA’s Portfolio Manager• Perspective & Advice from a Property Owner• Perspective & Advice from a Expert Service Provider• Discussion & Questions

Benchmarking Data Centers inEPA’s Portfolio ManagerJenny StephensonENERGY STAR Commercial BuildingsU.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Benchmarking Data Centers• Definitions• Data inputs• Where to measure• Meaning of the metrics4

Defining TermsIT EnergyEnergy consumed by the IT equipment in a data center; does not includesupplemental loads like HVAC equipment, lighting, or security equipment. In PortfolioManager, IT Energy is defined as the total amount of energy required by the serverracks, storage silos, and other IT equipment in the data center space. This data isentered into Portfolio Manager in kWh.Power Distribution Unit (PDU)A device that delivers conditioned power from the uninterruptible power supplies(UPS) to servers, networking equipment and other electronic equipment.Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS)A piece of equipment that maintains power to electrical loads in the event of a utilitypower supply disruption. The UPS conditions the power reaching the load undernormal operation to prevent undesired features of the power source (outages, sags,surges, bad harmonics, etc.) from adversely affecting the performance of servers andother equipment. UPSs typically use batteries as an emergency power source andprovide power to servers until emergency generators come online.7

Data Inputs forData CenterGeneral Space Energy• Address: city, state,zip code• Year built• Gross Floor Area• IT EnergyConfiguration• Optional• IT EquipmentRedundancy• Cooling EquipmentRedundancy• IT Energy Use• 12 consecutive monthsof energy data measuredat UPS Output (PDUinput accepted)• Must not include anynon-IT loads• Must be energy, notpower• Utility Bills• 12 consecutive monthsof whole building energyuse for all fuels used inbuilding8

Portfolio Manager Generated ITEnergy Estimates• Rules for use of Portfolio Manager Generated IT EnergyEstimates:– Intended for buildings that do not currently have a meter at theoutput of their UPS– Only permitted until June 2013 (when the Upgraded PortfolioManager is released) after which IT energy measurements arerequired– Can only be applied to buildings with data centers whose squarefoot is less than 10% of the total for the building• The estimates are a conservative value based on thesquare foot of the data center. By actually measuringthe IT energy, individuals will receive a more accuratescore.9

Measuring IT EnergyAcceptable options for measuring IT Energy:1. Meter (kWh) at the output of the UPS (preferred)Note: if the UPS supports non-IT loads (e.g. cooling equipment,mechanical) that amount to more than 10% of its total load, then theapplicant must exclude the non-IT equipment by:• If energy used by non-IT equipment is measured, then it may besubtracted from the total UPS energy, and the remainder should beentered into the UPS output meter in Portfolio Manager. OR• If energy used by non-IT equipment is not measured, then supply areading from the input to the PDU that supports the IT equipment.10

Measuring IT EnergyAcceptable options for measuring IT Energy (cont.)2. Meter (kWh) at the input of the PDU– If there is not a UPS; OR– If the UPS supports non-IT loads that account for more than 10% ofthe total load and are not submetered3. (New) Calculate kWh by recording kW readingsevery 15 minutes or more frequently– UPS is connected to a software solution (ex. a Building ManagementSystem or some other program) that logs the kW values at 15 minuteintervals and converts it to monthly kWh values– Some newer UPS have the ability to log this kW readings at 15 minuteor more frequent increments as well.11

Why measure IT energy• The reference population from which the data for theENERGY STAR Data Center model was taken,measured IT energy at the output of the UPS• By measuring IT energy, you will be able to receive themost accurate score and gain a better understanding ofthe energy use in the data center12

Basis of Data Center Score• Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) = Total Energy / ITEnergy• PUE is based on energy, not power• PUE is based on source energy, not site energy– Results in equitable comparisons for buildings with different fueltypes utilized• Compare actual PUE to predicted PUE– More efficient data centers will have lower PUE than is predicted– Actual PUE/ Predicted PUE = Energy Efficiency Ratio– Portfolio Manager looks up the efficiency ratio in the lookup tableto determine the score13

ResourcesPortfolio Managerwww.energystar.gov/benchmarkENERGY STAR Data Center EnergyEfficiency Initiativeswww.energystar.gov/datacentersENERGY STAR Low Carbon ITwww.energystar.gov/LowCarbonIT14

If after this session you have any questions on ENERGY STAR orbenchmarking Data Centers in Portfolio Manager, please contactbuildings@energystar.gov

Marla Thalheimer, LEED AP ID&CDirector of Sustainability

Who We Are• Large publicly-traded office and industrial REIT• 20 markets in the United States and United Kingdom• 79 million square feet of office and industrialproperties• A key corporate strategy to be a leader in “HighPerformance” Sustainable Buildings

High Performance Buildings• 45 LEED Projects Completed orUnder Construction• 10+ million square feet• 92 Energy Star Certified Buildings• Average Portfolio Score 72• 14.7% Energy Savings

In the Beginning . . .• Tracking 160 buildings in Portfolio Manager• 119 buildings had space classified as “Data Center”• WHAT?? We need to submeter WITHOUT HVAC???• This is going to cost a fortune!• First estimate $600K!

Don’t Panic!• Understand the “why”• “Think like the tool”• So what does this REALLY mean?• Look at the Energy Star Data Center FAQ’s• Ask questionso EPAo Reliable Consultant• Filter, then filter again• Start small

Step 1. What is a REAL Data Center?• How many tenants in the DC squarefootage?• 1 larger dedicated space vs. several smallclosets added together• How many dedicated DCs meet thecriteria:• Over 1000 SF• Dedicated air• Used for Enterprise Servicesand Mission Critical Computing

Internal Flow ChartDo You have a Data Center?Is your Data Center a smallcloset/room withoutsupplemental air?YesThis is NOT a data center.Include the space in thestandard office squarefootage.NoInstall a temporary powermeter to measure the kW tothe space. Just plug load = 30-50 kW is a data center. Plugload + air = 60-100 kW is a datacenterMaybeIs your Data Center asmall/medium room withsupplemental air?NoYesEnter as "Non-StandardOffice" in ES. Classify as"office", 168 hours, Zeroworkers and the number ofservers as the # of PC's.MaybeIs your data center used forcomplex data processing thatgoes beyond the bounds ofthe actual tenant space (i.e.,enterprise systems), have araised floor and includesupplemental air?YesYes, this is a data center. Enterinto Portfolio Manager as a datacenter and the space will haveto be submetered by June 2012.

Step 2. Make a PlanOur count went from 119 to 30 data centers• Engaged a Trusted Vendor• Start with Pilot City• Vendor to complete evaluation and installationwhere applicable:• Does the DC meet the kW threshold?• If yes, install meter• If no, move to next building and we reclassify space inPortfolio Manager

Step 3. Pilot Group• City benchmarking 12 of their buildings• 4 buildings with DCs to be evaluated• 0 qualified as actual DCs!• All space reclassified:• Some hits to scores, depending on how much SF wasinvolved• Average portfolio score went from 83 to 77• Change use % were affected positively• Portfolio Change from Baseline: Adjusted EnergyUse went from -21.9 to -22.6%

Lessons Learned• Average Cost = $3000 per data center• $2500 for analysis & metering• $500 for connection/mapping to internalmonitoring system• Price can vary according to wiring complexity• Score impact + 8 to 12 points

Lessons Learned• In general, SF threshold is approx 2,000 SF (but noguarantees!)• In several cases we were pulling the right numberalready• Proper communication with tenants is essential!• Letter that explained why we were doing this• Vendor needs to speak the same language to their ITManager• Especially with high security tenants!

Lessons Learned• Tenant engagement opportunity• Energy efficiency is not typically a priority for Data CenterManagers• Lots of opportunity here for education and helping tenantssave energy and cut costs

Thank you!Visit our newGreen Guide website:www.LibertyGreenGuide.comFollow us on Twitter@LibertyGreen

Keeping Score: Solutionsto Benchmarking Data Centers inMulti-Tenant Buildings Using ENERGYSTAR ®BOMA 2012 Every Building ConferenceBarry Abramson, PE, LEED AP O+MSenior Vice President EngineeringJune 26, 2012

SCIenergyAgendaYou’ve heard about the FAQ’s…But what about the FMC’s(Frequently Muttered Complaints)?01 | Why is ENERGY STAR making such a big deal about this issue?02 | Why can’t I just use the submeter that I already have for tenant billing?03 | What if I ignore this whole thing and wait to see what happens?04 | OK, I know I have to do something, what do I need to do already?05 | Do I really have to stop complaining now?

SCIenergy1. Why is ENERGY STAR making such a bigdeal about this issue?

SCIenergyHypothetical Office BuildingTotal Building Floor Area:Data Center Floor Area:Annual IT Energy:200,000 SF2,500 SF263,000 kWh% of Total Energy: 7.5%% of Total Energy incl. A/C: ???

SCIenergyData Center A/C Configurations% of TotalBuilding UseStand-Alone Packaged A/C: 6%Central Condenser Water: 10%Central Chilled Water: 12%

SCIenergy2. Why can’t I just use the submeter that Ialready have for tenant billing?PUE (Power Usage Effectiveness) = Total EnergyIT Energy

SCIenergyData Center A/C ConfigurationsPUEStand-Alone Packaged A/C: 1.8Central Condenser Water: 2.3Central Chilled Water: 2.6

SCIenergy3. What if I ignore this whole issue and just waitto see what happens?200,000 SF Building2,500 SF Data CenterCurrent ENERGY STARScore = 82June 2013…

SCIenergyCase I: Wasn’t Really a Data CenterServer Room:• Reclassify asoffice space• 24/7 operation• Servers countedas PC’s• New Score = 80

SCIenergyActual Data Center with IT Submeter for 12 MonthsCase II:Case III:Case IV:Submeter Data = EstimatesNew Score = 82Submeter Data 50% < EstimatesNew Score = 79Submeter Data 50% > EstimatesNew Score = 86ENERGY STAR Secrets Revealed!Estimates ~ 12 W/SF continuous load

SCIenergy4. OK, I know I have to submeter. How do I getthat done?• UPS reading kWh output• PDU reading kWh input• BAS trending UPS kW output• Stand-alone metero Typical cost $1,000 - $3,000

SCIenergy5. Time to stop complaining and move on.June2010June2011June2012• New Data Center Model• 1st Deadline - Extended• 2nd Deadline - ExtendedJune 2013: This time they mean it!

SCIenergyYou can still complain if you have one of thesesituations:

Thank YouBarry AbramsonBarry.Abramson@SCIenergy.comhttp://scienergycoach.com/energy-star-ch-ch-ch-changes-2/