Centre of Excellence – International Centre for Geohazards (ICG)

Partners in ICG 

Centre of Excellence – 

International Centre for 

Geohazards (ICG) 

Annual Report - 2008 

20031103-6 31 March 2009 

Client: The Research Council of Norway 

Contact person: Are Birger Carlson 

Contract reference: SFF – ICG 146035/420 

For the Norwegian Geotechnical Institute 

Report prepared by: 

Postal address: P.O. Box 3930 Ullevaal Stadion, N-0806 OSLO, NORWAY Telephone: (+47) 22 02 30 00 Postal account: 0814 51 60643 

Street address: Sognsveien 72, OSLO Telefax: (+47) 22 23 04 48 Bank account: 5096 05 01281 

Internet: http://www.ngi.no e -mail: ngi@ngi.no Business No. 958 254 318 MVA 

BS EN ISO 9001, Certified by BSI, Registration No. FS 32989 

Suzanne Lacasse 

Managing Director 

Farrokh Nadim 

Director, ICG 

Reviewed by: Suzanne Lacasse 

Bjørn Kalsnes

International Centre for Geohazards Report No.: 20031103-6 

Date: 2009-03-31 

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Annual Report - 2008 Rev. date: 

Page: 2 

Summary 

The "International Centre for Geohazards" (ICG) is one the 13 Centres of Excellence 

(Senter for Fremragende Forskning, SFF) established by The Research Council of 

Norway (RCN) in 2003. The Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI) is the host 

organisation for ICG. Partners in the centre are the University of Oslo (UiO), the 

Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NORSAR, and the 

Geological Survey of Norway (NGU). 

Results and activities in 2008 

• The research plan was followed and the goals set for the year were achieved. With 

respect to four major goals of ICG, a) in-kind contribution from the partners, b) 

complementary projects from the industry, c) number of PhD candidates, and d) 

international networking, the results have exceeded by far the goals and expectations. 

ICG is now internationally recognised as a centre of expertise in geohazards. This is 

even mentioned in the English version of Wikepdia (see figure below: 

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geohazard). The geohazard examples cited by 

Wikepedia and the external links provided all relate to ICG activities. 

ICG’s current research topics 

Definition of “Geohazard” in Wikepedia and reference to ICG. 

• The focus of ICG’s research in 2008 was on: 

- Assessment of the risks associated with geohazards to individuals and society. 

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- Development and improvement of methods for modelling the mechanical processes 

underlying the physical phenomena of different geohazards and for evaluating 

the consequences of geohazards. 

- Geohazards prevention and risk mitigation strategies 

- Graduate university programmes on geohazards at UiO and NTNU 

• Joint workshops, seminars, and project meetings contributed to further enhance the 

good collaboration among the five partners. 

• ICG was designated as a World Centre of Excellence on Landslides by the 

International Consortium on Landslides (ICL) during the 1 st World Landslide Forum 

in Tokyo (http://www.iclhq.org/WLFweb/List_of_WCoEs__uploaded_.pdf) 

• The proposal for the EU large-scale integrating project SafeLand (Living with 

landslide risk in Europe: Assessment, effects of global change and risk management 

strategies) was ranked as the top proposal (among 7 proposals) in its call in EU’s 7 th 

Framework Programme, and will start in May 2009. ICG is the coordinator of this 

project, which has 25 European partners and several international partners from USA 

and Asia. 

• There is considerable interest and enthusiasm about the activities of ICG, both in 

Norway and abroad. 

Challenges for 2009 

The overall research plan remains essentially unchanged. The main challenges foreseen 

for 2009 include: 

• Finding complementary funding sources to maintain the high activity level at ICG. 

• Research on complex issues such as vulnerability and risk assessment, tsunami runup 

estimation, disintegration of material during sliding, rainfall-induced landslides, 

earthquake response, etc. 

• Identification of the niches where the combined expertise of ICG partners could be 

put into practical use on the international arena. 

• Networking with centres of expertise who work on the societal aspects of the risk 

associated with geohazards. 

• Further work on identifying the most appropriate strategies for geohazards 

prevention and risk mitigation. 

• Attracting PhD candidates, post-docs and guest researchers to Norway. 

• Active participation in the research programmes on natural hazards and risk 

management in the 7 th Frame Programme. 

• Running and planning new international conferences, seminars and workshops. 

• Increased publication in highly respected scientific journals. 



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Contents 

1 BACKGROUND ......................................................................................................................... 5 

2 ORGANISATION OF ICG ......................................................................................................... 5 

3 ACTIVITIES OF ICG’S STEERING COMMITTEE ................................................................ 8 

4 TECHNICAL ACTIVITIES OF ICG IN 2008 ........................................................................... 9 

4.1 Core research activities ..................................................................................................... 9 

4.2 Software for earthquake risk calculation ........................................................................... 9 

4.3 Multidisciplinary study of shoreline landslides .............................................................. 11 

5 NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION, AND OTHER ICG 

ACTIVITIES IN 2008 ............................................................................................................... 14 

5.1 ICG Publications in 2008 ................................................................................................ 14 

5.2 International contacts and activities ................................................................................ 14 

5.3 Web site ........................................................................................................................... 15 

6 DOCTORAL CANDIDATES AND GUEST RESEARCHERS IN 2008 ................................ 15 

7 ACCOUNTING 2008 ................................................................................................................ 16 

7.1 Cash funding (kNOK) ..................................................................................................... 16 

7.2 In kind (kNOK) ............................................................................................................... 17 

8 PLANNED ACTIVITIES AND BUDGET FOR 2009 ............................................................. 17 

8.1 Research Projects and Education .................................................................................... 17 

8.2 International networking ................................................................................................. 17 

8.3 EU projects in the 7 th Framework Programme ................................................................ 18 

8.4 Organising workshops in 2009 ........................................................................................ 18 

8.5 ICG budget for 2009 ....................................................................................................... 18 

Appendix A – ICG Publications in 2008 

Review and reference document 



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1 BACKGROUND 

The "International Centre for Geohazards" (ICG) is a Centre of Excellence 

(Senter for Fremragende Forskning, SFF) established by the Research Council 

of Norway in 2003. The Norwegian Centres of Excellence scheme is designed 

to stimulate Norwegian research groups to set up centres devoted to long-term 

basic research. The intention is to raise the quality of Norwegian research and 

bring more researchers and research groups up to a high international standard. 

ICG is a consortium of five partners. Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI) 

is the host organisation for ICG. Other partners in the centre are University of 

Oslo (UiO), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 

NORSAR, and Geological Survey of Norway (NGU). The consortium may be 

expanded with "associated partners" subject to agreement by all five main partners. 

ICG’s objective is to be an international centre of expertise on basic and 

applied research on geo-related natural hazards (geohazards), such as landslides, 

earthquakes and tsunamis. However, the frameworks and methodologies 

developed for the assessment of hazard, vulnerability and risk may also be 

applied for other types of threats. The main aim of ICG is to develop 

knowledge that can help save lives and reduce damage to infrastructure and the 

environment. Another aim is to train graduate students and highly-qualified 

researchers from Norway and abroad. 

2 ORGANISATION OF ICG 

ICG has its own Board of Directors (Steering Committee). Each of the ICG 

partners, NGI, NTNU, UiO, NORSAR and NGU, has a representative on the 

Steering Committee. In addition, the Steering Committee has at least one 

external representative from Norway and one international representative. The 

Research Council of Norway may also appoint a member to the Steering Committee. 

ICG has associated partners, e.g. University of Tromsø, but they do not 

have a representative on the Steering Committee. As the host organisation, 

NGI appointed the director of ICG, and NGI’s representative is the chairman of 

the Steering Committee. 

The activities of the ICG are grouped into three categories: 

1. Research projects 

2. Training and education 

3. International networking and dissemination of information 

The organisation chart and the project chart of ICG are shown on the following 

pages. The ICG projects and other ICG activities are elaborated further later in 

the report. 



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Board of Directors 

Prof. Kaare Høeg (UiO/NGI), Chairman Prof. Herbert Einstein (MIT) 

Dr Øystein Nordgulen (NGU) Prof. Steinar Nordal (NTNU) 

Prof. Anders Elverhøi (UiO) Hallvard Berg (NVE) 

Anders Dahle (NORSAR) Tor-Inge Tjelta (Statoil) 

ICG Project 1 

Project Manager 

Researchers 

Students 

Technical Adviser 

Prof. Kaare Høeg 



Researchers 

Students 

Organisation chart of ICG as of 31 December 2008 



Researchers 

Students 

NGI 

Suzanne Lacasse 

Managing Director 

Dr. Farrokh Nadim, Director 

Bjørn Kalsnes, Deputy Director 

Tini van der Harst, Administrative Assistant 

ICG Research Projects and Themes 



Researchers 

Students 



Researchers 

Students 

International Scientific Advisors 

Prof. Gholamreza Mesri (U.of Illinois) 

Prof. Herbert H. Einstein (MIT) 

Prof. Steven Kramer (U. of Washington) 

Prof. Kok-Kwang Phoon (Nat. U. of Singapore) 

Theme A - Theme Coordinator Theme B - Theme Coordinator Theme C - Theme Coordinator 

ICG Project N 


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Researchers 

Students


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ICG Project Project Managers Post-docs & Guest Researchers 

Risk and vulnerability analysis for geohazards Dr Suzanne Lacasse (NGI) Dr Zenon Medina-Cetina, Zhihong Li, Dr Jean Hutchinson 

Earthquakes – hazard, risk and loss estimation Prof. Hilmar Bungum (NORSAR) Dr Daniela Kühn 

Stability of rock slopes Dr Lars H. Blikra (NGU) Dr Caterina Melchiorre 

Geomechanical modelling Prof. Steinar Nordal (NTNU) Dr Lewis Edgers 

Offshore geohazards Dr Maarten Vanneste (NGI) Eugene Morgan, Dr Laurie Baise 

Slope instability assessment and hazard zonation Dr Kalle Kronholm (NGI) Andreas Drexel, Robert Behling, 

Slide Dynamics and mechanics of disintegration Prof. Anders Elverhøi (UiO) Dr Fabio De Blasio 

Tsunami modelling and prediction Dr Carl Harbitz (NGI) Natalia Zamora, Vania Lima 

Monitoring, remote sensing and early warning systems Ralph Omli (NGI) Dr Regula Frauenfelder, Guillaume Sauvin 

PhD-candidates at UiO & NTNU: 

Maj Gøril Glåmen (NTNU) 

Gustav Grimstad (NTNU 

Guro Grøneng (NTNU) 

Jean-Sébastien L'Heureux (NTNU) 

Harald Iwe (UiO) 

Trond Nordvik (NTNU) 

Bård Romsdal (UiO) 

Samson Degago (NTNU) 

Hedda Breien (UiO) 

José Cepeda (UiO) 

Anders Gylland (NTNU) 

Annika Bihs (NTNU) 

Magnus Sparrevik (NTNU) 

Håkon Heyerdahl (UiO) 

Misganu Debella Gilo (UiO) 

Technical Adviser 

Prof. Kaare Høeg 

Project chart of ICG as of 31 December 2008 

Dr. Farrokh Nadim, Director 

Bjørn Kalsnes, Deputy Director 

Tini van der Harst, Administrative Assistant 

Themes covering several projects Theme Coordinator 

Geophysics for geohazards 

GIT applications in geohazards 

Prevention and mitigation of geohazards 

ICG-affiliated PhD-candidates in other 

universities than UiO and NTNU: 

Chang Shin Gue (Cambridge Univ., UK) 

Sook Ling Lee (Cambridge Univ., UK) 

Tom Rune Lauknes (Univ. of Tromsø) 

Dr Isabelle Lecomte (NORSAR) 

Prof. Andreas Kääb (UiO) 

Dr Farrokh Nadim (NGI) 

PhDs awarded in 2008: 

Graziella Devoli (UiO) 

Vidar Kveldsvik (NTNU) 

Finn Løvholt (UiO) 

Arash Zakeri (UiO) 

International Scientific Advisors 

Prof. Gholamreza Mesri (U.of Illinois) 

Prof. Herbert H. Einstein (MIT) 

Prof. Steven Kramer (U. of Washington) 

Prof. Kok-Kwang Phoon (Nat. U. of Singapore 

Professors from Norway active in ICG: 

Anders Elverhøi (UiO) 

Bernd Etzelmüller (UiO) 

Leiv-Jacob Gelius (UiO) 

Bjørn Gjevik (UiO) 

Lars Grande (NTNU) 

Svein Hamran (UiO) 

Kaare Høeg (UiO) 

Andreas Kääb (UiO) 

Hans Petter Langtangen (UiO) 

Terje Midtbø (NTNU) 

Farrokh Nadim (NTNU & UiO) 

Bjørn Nilsen (NTNU) 

Steinar Nordal (NTNU) 

Geir Kleivstul Pedersen (UiO) 

Hans Petter Jostsad (NTNU) 



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3 ACTIVITIES OF ICG’S STEERING COMMITTEE 

The main responsibility of ICG’s Steering Committee is to set the priorities in 

the yearly research plans. The Steering Committee also acts as a technical 

advisor to the Director of ICG. 

The Steering Committee shall also discuss and deal with 

• annual budget 

• annual technical report(s) 

• annual financial report 

The annual technical and financial report (this document) is prepared by the 

Director of the Centre and delivered to the Managing Director of NGI, who is 

responsible for reporting the activities of ICG to The Research Council of 

Norway. 

The ICG Steering Committee is composed of: 

Prof. Kaare Høeg (UiO/NGI), Chairman 

Dr Øystein Nordgulen (NGU) 

Prof. Anders Elverhøi (UiO) * 

Mr Anders Dahle (NORSAR) 

Prof. Steinar Nordal (NTNU) 

Mr Hallvard Berg (NVE) 

Mr Tor-Inge Tjelta (Statoil) 

Prof. Herbert Einstein (MIT, USA) 

* Prof. Andreas Kääb (UiO) replaced Prof. Anders Elverhøi from 1 Jan. 2009. 

The Steering Committee held 2 meetings in 2008: 

Meeting No. 1/08: 26 March 2008 

Meeting No. 2/08: 3 December 2008 

The following meetings in 2009 are planned: 

Meeting No. 1/09: 23 March 2008 

Meeting No. 2/09: 4 December 2008 

One of the main topics of discussion for the ICG Steering Committee in 2009 

is the evaluation of different models for ICG’s future after 2012. 



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4 TECHNICAL ACTIVITIES OF ICG IN 2008 

4.1 Core research activities 

ICG divided its technical activities in 2008 into nine projects, and significant 

progress was done on each: 

• Risk and vulnerability analysis for geohazards 

• Earthquakes – hazard, risk and loss estimation 

• Stability of rock slopes 

• Geomechanical modelling 

• Offshore geohazards 

• Slope instability assessment and hazard zonation 

• Slide Dynamics and mechanics of disintegration (this project terminated on 

31 December 2008) 

• Tsunami modelling and prediction 

• Monitoring, remote sensing and early warning systems 

In addition to these projects, three "themes" that involve several projects were 

given high priority, and a Theme Coordinator was designated for streamlining 

the lateral cooperation among the technical projects in each theme: 

• Applications of geophysics to geohazards 

• Applications of Geographical Information Technology (GIT) to geohazards 

(the activities in this theme were merged into the ICG project on 

monitoring, remote sensing and early warning systems from 1 January 

2009) 

• Prevention and mitigation of geohazards 

Detailed information about the ICG technical projects and themes is available 

on the ICG web site www.geohazards.no. 

In 2008 the partners in the ICG were involved in several high profile national 

and international projects. Two of these projects are presented below. 

4.2 Software for earthquake risk calculation 

The best known software system for earthquake risk and loss calculation to 

date is HAZUS, which was developed for use in the United States by the 

Federal Emergency Management Agency. The HAZUS approach is based on 

the so-called capacity-spectrum method (see Figures 4.1 and 4.2). It combines 

the seismic ground-motion input in terms of a response spectrum (spectral 

acceleration versus spectral displacement) with the building’s specific capacity 

curve representing its inelastic behaviour under a lateral seismic load. The 

philosophy behind this approach is that any building is structurally damaged by 

the earthquake-induced permanent horizontal displacement, and not by the 

acceleration per se. For each building and building typology the interstorey 



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drift is a function of the applied lateral force that can be analytically 

determined and transformed into building capacity curves (capacity to 

withstand accelerations without permanent displacements). Building capacity 

curves naturally vary between different building types, and also between 

different regions, reflecting on building code regulations and local construction 

practice. 

Figure 4.1 Estimation of earthquake-induced damage using the capacityspectrum 

method. 

Figure 4.2 Probability of a structure with spectral displacement dp on 

Figure 4.1 being in different states of damage after the 

earthquake. 

The HAZUS approach is attractive from a scientific/technical perspective. 

However, the fact that it is tailored so intimately to the U.S. situations and 

embedded in a specific GIS software makes it difficult to apply in other 

environments and geographical regions. Aware of the need for a more 

internationally accessible tool for seismic risk estimation, the International 

Centre for Geohazards (ICG), through NORSAR and the University of 

Alicante, has developed a Matlab-based software in order to compute the 

seismic risk in urban areas using the capacity spectrum method, SELENA 

(SEimic Loss EstimatioN using a logic tree Approach, see webpage 



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http://www.norsar.no/pc-35-68-SELENA.aspx). With SELENA one is able to 

compute the probabilities for a given building typology to suffer structural 

damage in the predefined damage states (none, slight, moderate, extensive and 

complete). Through the correlation of these damage probabilities with the 

actual building stock, absolute damage estimates (number of damaged 

buildings or damaged building floor area) can be computed. Furthermore, the 

combination of damage with a suitable loss model which includes both 

building value and demographic data allows the prediction of estimated 

economic losses and casualties. 

During the last years, SELENA has developed into a stand-alone software 

package that can be applied to any environment worldwide. One of its main 

features is the implementation of a logic tree computation scheme which 

allows the weighting of all types of input parameters and the final provision of 

outputs in terms of mean values and confidence intervals. The fact that both 

input files and output files are given as ASCII text files facilitates the use of 

any Geographic Information System in order to illustrate the results. Recently, 

a separate software package has been developed which can be used in parallel 

to SELENA in order to illustrate input and output information on Google 

Earth. RISe - Risk Illustrator for SELENA is a user-friendly, open-source 

software that assists the user during the different stages of the risk computation 

process. RISe is distributed as freeware together with SELENA through the 

NORSAR/ICG webpage (http://www.norsar.no). 

SELENA is one of the software packages that will be used in the recently 

initiated international project GEM (The Global Earthquake Model: 

http://www.globalquakemodel.org/), which aims to develop an independent 

standard for modelling, monitoring, and communicating earthquake risk 

worldwide. 

4.3 Multidisciplinary study of shoreline landslides 

The periodic occurrence of landslide in near-shore environments is common 

worldwide and poses a constant threat to coastal communities. 

Multidisciplinary studies on a regional scale have been instrumental in 

improving our understanding landslide processes in the submarine realm and 

on land, but have seldom been done in near-shore areas. The ICG study of 

shoreline landslides integrated geological, geotechnical, geophysical and 

geomorphological data from land and sea in order to better understand nearshore 

mass wasting processes, their origin and their development. 

In the selected study area, Trondheim in mid-Norway, numerous shoreline 

landslides took place during the last century. These landslides have resulted in 

loss of life, tsunamis and significant damage to near-shore infrastructures. The 

long historical record of landslides in the Trondheim fjord, combined with its 

accessibility and proximity to NTNU and NGU, offers a series of advantages 



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that makes this site particularly interesting for improving the knowledge of 

shoreline mass wasting processes. 

The integration of high resolution seismic surveys and detailed bathymetric 

maps acquired in the fjord, with sedimentological, geotechnical and 14 Cdatings 

data from both land and fjord provided new inputs for establishing the 

stratigraphy and geological development in Trondheim fjord. The geological 

model was combined with detailed morphological analyses of slide scars and 

limit equilibrium analyses in order to understand landslide failure mechanisms 

in near-shore areas. The results of the study showed that many of the 

investigated landslides started as translational failures with glide planes 

associated to distinct weak layers in the stratigraphy. These beds were 

deposited rapidly from turbiditic flows originating from large landslides of 

terrestrial origin. The provenance and mode of deposition of the weak layers 

explain their clay-rich nature with higher water content, greater plasticity, 

higher sensitivity and lower shear resistance compared to the surrounding, 

more slowly deposited soil layers. The analyses further showed that many 

factors may act in concert to trigger a near-shore slope failure (Figure 4.4A). 

These factors relate either to the geological attributes of the landslide material 

(e.g. presence of weak layer), or to transient external events affecting the 

shoreline environment (e.g. rainfall, tidal variations, etc.). 

Figure 4.3 Regional perspective of the Trondheim fjord showing detailed 

bathymetry with location of historical landslides and a large 

channel system. 



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A prerequisite for the occurrence of the weak, clay-rich beds, as those found in 

this study, is the presence of prehistoric clay-slide activity in the catchment and 

a low-to-moderately-sloping fjord margin on which the turbiditic beds 

accumulate. As sensitive glacio-marine sediments and clay-slides are common 

in uplifted fjord valleys of Canada and Scandinavia, and to a lesser extent in 

Alaska, beds with similar origin as those found in this study could play an 

important role for the stability of other near-shore areas. The results from this 

study also illustrate the importance of detailed morphological analyses, 

combined with a robust geological model including the physical/geotechnical 

properties of sediments on- and off-shore, in order to perform proper shoreline 

slope stability assessment. The results of this research are presented through a 

series of journal papers and conference proceedings (see ICG Publications 230 

and 253 in Appendix A). 

Figure 4.4 A) Schematic representation of the pre-failure and failure 

conditions in Trondheim fjord and B) Conceptual 

representation of the different stages of sliding, from initial 

sliding to generation of debris flows and turbidity currents) (Not 

to scale). 



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5 NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION, AND OTHER 

ICG ACTIVITIES IN 2008 

5.1 ICG Publications in 2008 

The ICG Publication List for 2008 is given in Appendix A. 

5.2 International contacts and activities 

In addition to the contacts and projects listed in the ICG Annual Reports for 

2003 through 2006, the following new international projects and contacts were 

initiated. 

Two international workshops in connection with the Åknes/Tafjord project in 

August 2007: a workshop in Oslo hazard and risk assessment using event trees 

(see Section 4.3), and a field trip and workshop in Geiranger on the potential 

Åknes rock slide and tsunami. Most of the top international tsunami experts 

attended the latter workshop. 

NGI/ICG continued work on two regional network programmes, one in Asia 

and one in Central America, to increase the local competence in managing 

risks related to different types of landslides. NORSAR/ICG continued work on 

the RESIS programme in Central America. RESIS aims to assess the risk 

associated with earthquakes in several urban areas and road networks in 

Central America. Work also continued on a third regional project in the 

Caribbean to increase the local competence in managing risks related to 

tsunamis, earthquakes and landslides. The ICG partners NGI, NORSAR and 

UiO are involved in the Caribbean project. 

The ICG partners NORSAR and NGI are involved in several institutional cooperation 

projects in India and Pakistan with focus on problems related to 

earthquakes, landslides and tsunamis. 

ICG personnel were heavily involved in the organisation of several large and 

important conferences, the most important of which were: 

• 10 th International Symposium on Landslides and Engineered Slopes, 

Xi’an, China, June-July 2008 

• First World Landslide Forum, Tokyo, Japan, 18-21 November 2008 

• 33 rd International Geological Congress, Oslo, August 2008 

The latter event (33IGC) was the largest scientific conference ever held in 

Norway with over 6000 participants. Geohazards was one of the major themes 

of 33IGC. In addition to the many geohazards-related technical sessions that 

were convened by the ICG researchers, two special sessions were arranged by 

ICG: a "Geohazards Day" with invited international experts, and the 

Symposium Geohazards: A tribute to Professor "Kaare Høeg" (Prof. Høeg is 

the chairman of ICG Steering Committee). 



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5.3 Web site 

The web site of ICG is www.geohazards.no. The web site was redesigned in 

May 2005, and it is the main channel for disseminating information about ICG 

to the general public, as well as the specialists. 

6 DOCTORAL CANDIDATES AND GUEST RESEARCHERS IN 2008 

ICG’s PhD-candidates in 2008 

Name Nationality University Financial source 

Graziella Devoli 

Appointment 

period in 2008 

* Italy UiO NGI 01/01 – 31/05 100 

Maj Gøril Glåmen Norway NTNU NTNU 01/01 – 31/12 100 

Guro Grøneng Norway NTNU ICG 01/01 – 31/12 100 

Harald Iwe Norway UiO NGI/ICG 01/01 – 31/12 25 

Vidar Kveldsvik * Norway NTNU NGI/ICG 01/01 – 30/06 100 

Finn Løvholt * Norway UiO NGI/ICG 01/01 – 30/04 75 

Bård Romstad Norway UiO UiO/ICG 01/01 – 31/12 100 

Trond Nordvik Norway NTNU NTNU 01/01 – 31/12 100 

Jean-Sébastien L’Heureux Canada NTNU NTNU/Vegvesenet/ICG 01/01 – 31/12 100 

Gustav Grimstad Norway NTNU NTNU 01/01 – 31/12 100 

Samson Degago Ethiopia NTNU NTNU 01/01 – 31/12 100 

Anders Gylland Norway NTNU ICG/NTNU 01/08 – 31/12 100 

Annika Bihs Germany NTNU NTNU 01/08 – 31/12 100 

Magnus Sparrevik Sweden NTNU NGI 01/02 – 31/12 50 

Håkon Heyerdahl Norway UiO NGI 01/08 – 31/12 50 

Hedda Breien Norway UiO Vista Programme 01/01 – 31/12 100 

José Cepeda El Salvador UiO ICG / Quota Prog. 01/01 – 31/12 100 

Arash Zakeri * Canada UiO ICG 01/01 – 30/11 100 

Misganu Debella Gilo Ethiopia UiO UiO 01/08 – 31/12 100 

Tom Rune Lauknes Norway UiT ICG/NORUT/NRS 01/01 – 31/12 100 

Chang Shin Gue Malaysia Cambridge 

Univ., UK 

NGI/ICG 01/01 – 31/12 100 

Sook Ling Lee Malaysia Cambridge 

Univ., UK 

NGI/ICG 01/01 – 31/12 100 

* 

PhD thesis successfully defended and doctoral degree awarded in 2008. 


Percent 

engagement


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Post-doctoral and guest researchers at ICG in 2008 

Position Name Nationality Academic Appointment Financial source 

degree period in 2008 

Post-doc. Dr Zenon Medina-Cetina Mexico Ph.D. 01/01 – 31/08 NGI 

Post-doc. Dr Daniela Kühn Germany Ph.D. 08/10 – 31/12 NORSAR 

Post-doc. Dr Fabio De Blasio Italy Ph.D. 01/01 – 31/12 UiO / ICG 

Post-doc. Dr Caterina Melchiorre Italy Ph.D. 15/09 – 31/12 NGU 

Post-doc. Dr Regula Frauenfelder Switzerland Ph.D. 01/01 – 31/12 NGI 

Visiting 

professor 

Prof. Lewis Edgers USA Ph.D. 01/01 – 31/05 NGI 

Visiting 


Prof. Jean Hutchinson Canada Ph.D. 01/02 – 15/02 NGI 

Visiting 


Prof. Laurie Baise USA Ph.D. 01/06 – 30/06 NSF 

Guest 

researcher 

Andreas Drexel Austria MSc 15/10 – 31/12 EU-ERASMUS 

Guest 

researcher 

Robert Behling Germany MSc 01/01 – 31/03 ICG 

Guest 

researcher 

Zhihong Li China MSc 01/09 – 31/12 China 

Guest 

researcher 

Natalia Zamora Costa Rica MSc 01/02 – 31/07 ICG 

Guest 

researcher 

Eugene Morgan USA MSc 15/01 – 31/07 NSF 

Guest 

researcher 

Guillaume Sauvin France MSc 15/06 – 15/08 ICG 

Guest 

researcher 

Vania Lima Portugal MSc 15/01 – 15/04 ICG 

7 ACCOUNTING 2008 

7.1 Cash funding (kNOK) 

The numbers below are minimum estimates. The actual cash funding from ICG 

partners and other industrial sources are greater. 

Activity 

RCN NGI 

Funding 

SUM 

NGU/NORSAR/ 

UiO/NTNU 

Other/ 

Industrial 

Technical Projects 10,450 5,000 5,000 5,500 25,950 

Non-technical activities 2,260 500 500 - 3,260 

Administration & Steering 

Committee meetings 

1,290 500 - 

- 

1,790 

Total 14,000 6,000 5,500 5,500 31,000 



Date: 2009-03-31 

Rev.: - 


Page: 17 

7.2 In kind (kNOK) 

The numbers below are minimum estimates. The actual numbers are higher. 

Contribution NGI NGU NTNU UiO NORSAR 

Personnel 2,000 200 0 * 0 * 200 

IT 500 500 100 100 500 

Office spaces 2,000 600 500 500 300 

Laboratory/Equipment 500 50 100 100 100 

Project work / proposals/ etc. 1,000 200 500 500 700 

Stipend to PhD-candidates 900 130 1,900 1,300 - 

TOTAL 6,900 1,680 3,100 2,500 1,800 

* Included in "Project work / proposals/ etc." 

8 PLANNED ACTIVITIES AND BUDGET FOR 2009 

8.1 Research Projects and Education 

The following projects were approved for 2009 by the Board of Directors: 

• Risk and vulnerability analysis for geohazards 

• Earthquake hazard, risk and loss 

• Stability of rock slopes 

• Geomechanical modelling 

• Offshore geohazards 

• Slope instability assessment and hazard zonation 

• Tsunami modelling and prediction 

• Remote sensing, monitoring and early warning systems 

In addition, 2 cross-expertise areas that involve several projects have assigned 

"theme coordinators": 

• Applications of geophysics to geohazards 

• Prevention and mitigation 

The graduate (MSc and PhD) programmes initiated respectively in 2003 and 

2005 at UiO and NTNU are continuing. 

8.2 International networking 

Travels to disaster prevention and natural hazard centres in USA, China, Japan 

and Taiwan are planned. Active participation (lecturing) in 10-20 international 

conferences is planned for 2009. In most cases, ICG representatives are asked 

to give keynote or state-of-the-art lectures. 



Date: 2009-03-31 

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Page: 18 

8.3 EU projects in the 7 th Framework Programme 

The ICG partners had an impressive success rate in the proposals submitted to 

the 7 th Framework Programme (FP7) in topics related to geohazards. The 

following FP7 projects with strong ICG participation have already started or 

will start in 2009: 

• MOVE (Methods for the Improvement of Vulnerability Assessment in 

Europe) – Kick-off date: 1 October 2008. 

• SHARE (Seismic Hazard Harmonization in Europe) – Kick-off date: 1 

June 2009. 

• SafeLand (Living with landslide risk in Europe: Assessment, effects of 

global change and risk management strategies) – Kick-off date: 1 May 

2009. 

The last project is a large integrating project with 25 European partners which 

will be coordinated by ICG. The key to the success of the proposal for the 

SafeLand project was the strong financial support (kNOK 500) from The 

Research Council of Norway’s PES initiative in the project development phase. 

8.4 Organising workshops in 2009 

ICG is organising three workshops in 2009: 

• Workshop on Seabed Sediment Pore Pressure: Genesis, Measurement 

and Implication for Design/Analysis, 24-25 March, Oslo. 

• Workshop on Geomechanical Modelling, 31 August & 1 September, 

Trondheim. 

• Workshop on Risk Mitigation for Geohazards: under planning. 

The first workshop was an International event co-sponsored by the National 

Science Foundation. About 50 participants from Europe, North America, Asia 

and Australia participated in the workshop. In addition to representatives from 

the academia and industry, 12 PhD-candidates were among the participants. 

8.5 ICG budget for 2009 

The table below reflects funding from The Research Council of Norway only. 

Considerable cash and in-kind contributions from the ICG partners and other 

sources of funding come in addition to the amounts below (see Section 7). 



Date: 2009-03-31 

Rev.: - 


Page: 19 

ICG budget in 2009 based on funding from The Research Council of Norway 

Funding from 

Activity 

Research 

Council (kNOK) 

Comments SUM 

8 technical projects 10,180 See Section 8.1. 

Graduate programmes on 

geohazards 

Total for technical 

projects = kNOK 11,210 


500 

Coordination of 2 themes 530 See Section 8.1. 

IT solutions, EU Proposals, web 

site & information, conference 

participation 

840 

International networking 250 

Administration & Steering 

Committee meetings 

1,400 

Contingency 300 

Total kNOK 14,000 

Total for non-technical activities = 

kNOK 2,790 

The total expenditure charged to the funds provided by The Research Council 

of Norway is budgeted to be kNOK 14,000 in 2009. The annual funding from 

the RCN is planned to be reduced to 12 MNOK in 2010 and 2011, and 8 

MNOK in 2012.


Date: 2009-03-31 

Rev.: 


Appendix A – ICG Publications in 2008 Page: A1 

Appendix A - ICG Publications in 2008 

f:\p\2003\11\20031103\icg annual reports\2008-annual-repport\appa_icg-publications-2008.doc FNa/tha


Date: 2009-03-31 

Rev.: 



NOTE: ICG Publication numbers 1 – 189 are listed in previous ICG Annual 

Reports. Some earlier references missing in the previous lists are 

included below. 

190 Yang, S.L., Vanneste, M., Forsberg, C.F. and Solheim, A. (2008) 

Sediment properties in the upper part of the Hinlopen-Yermak landslide, 

northern Svalbard continental margin 

Paper No. 2008-TPC-384, 18th international offshore and polar engineering 

conference (ISOPE), Vancouver, Canada, July 2008. 

191. Lecomte, I., Thollet, I., Juliussen, H. and Hamran, S.-E. (2008) 

Using geophysics on a terminal moraine damming a glacial lake: the Flatbre 

debris flow case, Western Norway. 

Advances in Geosciences (ADGEO), 14, pp. 301-307. ISSN 1680-7340 

print/ISSN 1680-7359 online, www.adv-geosci-net/14/301/2008/. 

192. Lecomte, I. Bano, Hamran, Dalsegg, and Nielsen, K.M. (2008) 

Mapping quick-clay sites for geohazard assessment: the Finneidfjord case study, 

Norway. 

Extended abstract for EAGE Near Surface 2008 – 14th European Meeting of 

Environmental and Engineering Geophysics, Kraków, Poland, 15-17 September 

2008 

193. Cepeda, J. (2008) 

The 2005 Tate's Cairn debris flow: Back-analysis, forward predictions and a 

sensitivity analysis. 

Proc. of the 2007 International Forum on Landslide Disaster Management, 

Hong Kong, 20 pp. 

194. Zakeri, A., Høeg, K. and Nadim, F. (2008) 

Submarine Debris Flow Impact on Pipeline: Drag Forces, Mitigation, and 

Control. 

Proc. Offshore Technology Conference ’08, Houston, Texas, 5-8 May 2008, 

paper OTC 19173, 10 pp. 

195. Zakeri, A. (2008). 

A potentially devastating offshore geohazard - Submarine debris flow impact on 

pipelines. 

Exploration and Production, Oil and Gas Review 2008 (OTC edition), volume 6 

(1), 118-121. 


Submarine Debris Flow Impact on Pipelines - Part I: Experimental Program 

Coastal Engineering, pp. 10, doi:10.1016/j.coastaleng.2008.06.003 



Date: 2009-03-31 

Rev.: 




Submarine Debris Flow Impact on Pipelines - Part II: Numerical Analysis. 

Coastal Engineering, 56(1) (2009) pp. 10, doi:10.1016/j.coastaleng.2009.01.002 

198. Issler, D. and Gauer, P. (2008) 

Exploring the significance of the fluidized flow regime for avalanche hazard 

mapping 

Annals of Glaciology, 49, 2008, pp. 193-198 

199. Nadim, F., Schack Pedersen, S.A., Schmidt-Thomé, P., Sigmundsson, F. and 

Engdahl, M. (2008) 

Natural hazards in Nordic Countries 

Episodes, Vol. 31, No.1, March 2008, pp 176-184 

200. Nadim, F., and Lacasse, S. (2008) 

Effects of global change on risk associated with geohazards in megacities. 

Keynote Lecture, Development of Urban Areas and Geotechnical Engineering, 

St. Petersburg, Russia, 16–19 June 2008. 

201. Zakeri, A. (2008) 

Review of State-of-the-art: Drag forces on Submarine Pipelines and Piles 

Caused by Landslide or Debris Flow Impact. 

Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering, Vol. 130. DOI: 

10.1115/ 1.2957922 (Proof copy) 

202. Løvholt, F., Pedersen, G. and Gisler, G. (2008) 

"Oceanic propagation of a potential tsunami from the La Palma Island" 

Journal of Geophysical Research 

203. Devoli, G., De Blasio, F.V., Elverhøi, A. and Høeg, K. (2008) 

Statistical Analysis of Landslide Events in Central america and their Run-out 

Distance 

Geotechnical and Geological Engineering (online), DOI 10.1007/s10706-008- 

9209-0 

204. Nielsen, K.M. (2008) 

Seismic surface wave analysis for the determination of soil shear-strength in 

sites exposed to landslides 

Master Thesis in Geosciences, Univeristy of Oslo, faculty of Mathematics and 

Natural Sciences. 

205. Lacasse, S. (2007) 

Assessment and mitigation of geohazards from a geotechnical perspective 

The 2007 Nagadi Endowment Lecture. Mysore, India, 31 st October 2007. 

206. Uzielli, M., Lacasse, S., Nadim, F. and Phoon, K.K. (2006) 



Date: 2009-03-31 

Rev.: 



Soil variability analysis for geotechnical practice 

2nd International Workshop on Characterisation and Engineering Properties of 

Natural Soils, Singapore, 29 November-1 December 2006 

207. Lacasse,S., Nadim, F., Høeg, K. and Gregersen, O. (2004) 

Risk Assessment in Geotechnical Engineering: The Importance of Engineering 

Judgement 

Proc. of the Conference on Advances in Geotechnical Engineering: The 

Skempton conference, Vol. 1, pp. 856-867. London, 2004. 

208. Leynaud, D., Mienert, J. and Vanneste, M. (2008) 

Submarine mass movement on glaciated and non-glaciated European continental 

margins: a review of triggering mechanisms and preconditions to failure" 

Marine and Petroleum Geology, Vol. xxx (2008), 15 pp, 

doi:10.1016/j.marpetgoe.2008.02.008 

209. Gauer, P., Issler, D., Lied, K., Kristensen, K. and Sandersen, F. (2008) 

On snow avalanche flow regimes: Inferences from observations and 

measurements 

Proc. of the International Snow Science Workshop 2008, September 21-27, 

Whistler, Bristish Columbia, Canada 

210. Gauer, P., Medina-Cetina, Z., Lied, K. and Kristensen, K. (2008) 

Probabilistic calibration of avalanche block models 

Proc. of the International Snow Science Workshop 2008, September 21- 27, 

Whistler, Bristish Columbia, Canada 

211. Zakeri, A., Høeg, K and Nadim, F. (2008) 

Submarine Debris Flow Impact on Pipelines: Numerical Modeling of Drag 

Forces for Mitigation and Control Measures 

SPE Projects, Facilities and Construction 

212. Uzielli, M., Nadim F., Lacasse, S. and Kaynia A.M. (2008) 

A conceptual framework for quantitative estimation of physical vulnerability to 

landslides 

Engineering Geology, Vol. 102, No. 3-4, pp. 251-256, 

doi:10.1016/j.enggeo.2008.03.011 

213. Jaedicke, Solheim, A., Blikra, L.H., Stalsberg, K., Sorteberg, A., Aaheim, A., 

Kronholm, K, Vikhamaer-Schuler, D., Isaksen, K., Sletten, K., Kristensen, K., 

Barstad, I., Melchiorre, C., Høydal, Ø.A. and Mestl, H. (2008) 

Spatial and temporal variations of Norwegian geohazards in a changing climate, 

the GeoExtreme Project. 

Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 8, pp. 893-904. 

214. Lacasse, S. and Nadim, F. (2007) 



Date: 2009-03-31 

Rev.: 



Landslide Risk Management Country Report for Norway 

International Forum on Landslide Disaster Management, Hong Kong, 

November 2007 

215. Lacasse, S. (2007) 

Report on Session 3: Innovation and Digital Technology 

International Forum on Landslide Disaster Management, Hong Kong, 

November 2007 

216. Lacasse, S., Eidsvig, U., Nadim, F., Høeg, K. and Blikra, L.H. (2008) 

Event Tree Analysis of Åknes Rock Slide Hazard 

4 th Canadian Conference on Geohazards, Université Laval, 20-24 May 2008, 

Québec, Canada 

217. Eidsvig, U., Lacasse, S., Nadim, F. and Blikra, L.H. (2008) 

Quantification of rock slide hazard with event tree analysis 

NGM-2008, Sandefjord, pp. 153-161 

218. Løvholt, F. (2008) 

Instabilities of Boussinesq models in non-uniform depth 

International Journal for Numerical Methods in fluid mechanics 

219. Cassidy, M.J., Uzielli, M. and Lacasse, S. (2008) 

Probability risk assessment of landslides: A case study at Finneidfjord 

Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol.45, Nr. 9:1250-1267. Doi:10.1139/T08- 

055 

220. Bungum, H., Pettenati, F., Schweitzer, J., Sirovich, L. and Faleide, J.I. (2008) 

The MS 5.4 October 23, 1940, Oslofjord earthquake: Reanalysis based on 

macroseismic and instrumental data. 

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, resubmitted following review.. 

221. Sharma, M.L., Douglas, J., Bungum, H. and Kotadia, J. (2008) 

Ground motion prediction equations based on data from the Himalayan and 

Zagros regions. 

Journal of Earthquake Engineering, under review 

222. Kalsnes, B., Nadim, F. and Glade, T. (2008) 

Effects of global change on landslide risk 

Proc. 1st World Landslide Forum, Tokyo, 18-21 November 2008, pp. 19-33. 

223. Fabio V. De Blasio 1,2* and Anders Elverhøi 1,2 

Properties of mass-transport deposits as inferred from dynamic modeling of 

subaqueous mass wasting: a short review 

to be published on: SEPM special volume, 2009 



Date: 2009-03-31 

Rev.: 



224. F.V. De Blasio and M-B Sæter 

Rolling friction on a granular medium 

To be published on: Physical Review E. 

225. F.V. De Blasio 

F.V. De Blasio. Rheology of a fragmenting granular medium and the riddle of 

the anomalous low friction of large rock avalanches 

to be published in: Granular Matter. 

226. Jaedicke, C. and Kleven, A. (2008) 

Long-term precipitation and slide activity in south-eastern Norway, autumn 

2000 

Hydrological Processes, Vol. 22, Nr. 24, pp.495-505. Published online in Wiley 

InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com) DOI: 10.1002/hyp.6878 

227. Kaynia, A.M., Papathoma-Köhle, M., Neuhäuser, B., Ratzinger, K., Wenzel, H., 

Medina-Cetina, Z. (2008) 

Probabilistic assessment of vulnerability to landslide: Application to the village 

of Lichtenstein, Baden-Württemburg, Germany 

Engineering Geology, 101, pp. 33-48, doi:10.1017/j.enggeo.2008.03.008 

228. Zakeri, A. (2009). 

Submarine debris flow impact on suspended (free-span) pipelines: normal and 

longitudinal drag forces. 

Submitted to Ocean Engineering, doi:1.0.1016/j.oceaneng.2009-01-018 

229. Zakeri, A., Guangying Si, Jeffrey D.G. Marr, Kaare Høeg (2009). 

Experimental investigation of subaqueous clay-rich debris flows, 

turbidity generation and sediment deposition, Submitted to the 

Symposium of Submarine Mass Movement and Consequeces 

230. L’Heureux, J.-S., L. Hansen, and O. Longva (2009). 

Development of the submarine channel in front of the Nidelva River, 

Trondheimsfjorden, Norway. 

Marine Geology, doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2009.01.005. 

231. Vanneste, M., Madshus, C., Sparrevik, P., Westerdahl, H. and Løvholt, J.H. 

(2008) 

On the use of a seabed-coupled shear wave source to determine geodynamic and 

geotechnical properties. 

Geoteknikkdagen 2008, 9 p. 

232. Uzielli, M., Duzgun, S. and Vangelsten, B.V. (2006) 

A First-Order Second-Moment Framework for Probabilistic Estimation of 

Vulnerability to Landslides (Eds: Nadim, F., Pöttler, R., Einstein, H., 

Klapperich, H., Kramer, S.) 



Date: 2009-03-31 

Rev.: 



2006 ECI Conference on Geohazards, Lillehammer, Norway, International 

Symposium Series, 18-21 June 2006 

233. Vangelsten, B.V., Lacasse, S., Uzielli, M. (2007) 

Probabilistic risk estimation for a Norwegian clay slope 

Proc. 14th European Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical 

Engineering, Madrid, September 24-27, 2007, pp- 875-882 (CD-ROM). 

234. Bungum, H., Pascal, C., Olesen, O., Lindholm, C., Vestøl, O., Atakan, K. and 

Gibbons, S. (2009). To what extent is the present seismicity of Norway driven 

by postglacial rebound? Journal of the Geological Society of London, under 

review. 

235. Galiana-Merino, J.J., Lebrun, M. and Lindholm, C.D. (2009). Ambient 

vibrations analyzed for site characterization by array techniques. Journal of 

Seismology, under review. 

236. Lang, D.H., Molina-Palacios, S. and Lindholm, C.D. (2008) 

Towards near-real-time damage estimation using a CSM-based tool for seismic 

risk assessment. 

Journal of Earthquake Engineering 12 (S2): 199–210. 

237. Molina, S., Lang D.H. and Lindholm, C.D. (2009). SELENA – An open-source 

tool for seismic risk and loss assessment using a logic tree computation 

procedure. Computers & Geosciences, submitted. 

238. Prasad, J.S.R., Singh, Y., Kaynia, A.M. and Lindholm, C.D. (2009). Socio- 

Economic Clustering in Seismic Risk Assessment of Urban Housing Stock. 

Earthquake Spectra, in press. 

239. Molina-Palacios, S., Galiana-Merino, J.J., Jiménez-Delgado, A., Zaragoza- 

Martínez, F., Jiménez, M.J., Gimeno-Nieves, E., Lang, D.H. and Lindholm, 

C.D. (2008) 

Seismic risk scenarios for urban areas of Alicante Province (southeast Spain) 

14th World Conf. on Earthq. Eng. WCEE, Beijing/China, 2008. 

240. Molina, S., Elias, C., Lang, D.H., Lindholm, C.D. (2008) 

Soil characteristics identification of urban areas in San Salvador (El Salvador) 

using H/V spectral ratio technique. 

31st General Assembly of the European Seismological Commission ESC 2008, 

Crete, Greece, September 2008. 

241. Abrahamczyk, L., Schwarz, J., Lang, D.H., Leipold, M., Genes, M.C., Bikce, M. 

and Kacin, S. (2008) 

Building monitoring for seismic risk assessment (I): Instrumentation of RC 

frame structures as a part of the SERAMAR project 



Date: 2009-03-31 

Rev.: 



14th World Conf. on Earthq. Eng. WCEE, Beijing/China, 2008. 

242. Schwarz, J., Lang, D.H. , Kaufmann, C. and Ende, C. (2007) 

Empirical ground-motion relations for Californian strong-motion data based on 

instrumental subsoil classification 

Proc. of the Ninth Canadian Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Ottawa, 

Ontario, Canada, 2007. 

243. Cepeda, J., Høeg, K. and Nadim, F. (2009) 

Landslide-triggering rainfall thresholds: A conceptual framework. 

Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology 

244. Devoli, G., Cepeda, J. and Kerle, N. (2009) 

The 1998 Casita volcano flank failure revisited — New insights into geological 

setting and failure mechanisms 

Engineering Geology 02906 (2009) 19 pp 

(online doi:10.1016/j.enggeo.2008.12.00) 

245. Romstad, B. (Publication number reserved) 

246. Lang, D.H. and Schwarz, J. (2007): The application of ambient seismic noise for 

engineering purposes. Proceedings NATO Advanced Research Workshop 

'Increasing Seismic Safety by Combining Engineering Technologies and 

Seismological Data', Dubrovnik, Croatia, 2007. Extended abstract. 

247. Lang, D.H., R. Merlos, L. Holliday, Manuel A. Lopez M. (2007). Vivienda de 

Bahareque in El Salvador. EERI World Housing Encyclopedia. Paper #141. 

248. Lang, D.H., L. Holliday, O. G. Flores Beltetón (2007). Vivienda de Adobe in 

Guatemala. EERI World Housing Encyclopedia. Paper #144. 

249. Lang, D.H., A. Amador, L. Holliday, C. Romero, and A. Ugarte (2008). 

Vivienda de Minifalda in Nicaragua. EERI World Housing Encyclopedia. Paper 

#148. 

250. Schwarz, J., Langhammer, T., Leipold, M., Abrahamczyk, L., Kaufmann, Ch., 

Lang, D.H., and Riedel, S. (2008): Bewertung der Erdbebenverletzbarkeit eines 

Gebaeudebestandes in innerstaedtischen Grossraeumen - Phase 1 des 

SERAMAR Projektes. D-A-CH Mitteilungsblatt, Band 83, Sept. 2008, S2-S10 

(in German). 

251. Rautela, P., Joshi, G.Ch., Singh, Y., and Lang, D.H. (2008). Koti Banal 

Architecture of Uttarakhand, India. EERI World Housing Encyclopedia. 



Date: 2009-03-31 

Rev.: 



252. Morgan, E.C., Vanneste, M., Longva, O., Lecomte, I., McAdoo, B., Baise, L. 

Evaluating gas-generated pore pressure with seismic reflection data in a 

landslide-prone area: an example from Finneidfjord, Norway. 

253. L’Heureux, J.S., Longva, O., Glimsdal, S., Hansen, L., Harbitz, C.B., Gauer, P. 

Causes for the 1888 shoreline landslide and tsunami in Trondheimsfjorden, mid- 

Norway. workshop in Ischia, International Conference on Seafloor Mapping for 

Geohazard Assessment, 11-13 May, Ischia, Italy 

254. Vanneste, M., Winkelmann, D., Harbitz, C.B., De Blasio, F.V., Glimsdal, S., 

Mienert, J., Forsberg, C.F. Geophysical Mapping of the Hinlopen-Yermak 

landslide complex, and implications for landslide dynamics and tsunami 

simulations. workshop in Ischia, International Conference on Seafloor Mapping 

for Geohazard Assessment, 11-13 May, Ischia, Italy 

255. Frauenfelder, R. (publication number reserved) 

256. Grøneng, G. Nilsen, B. and Sandven, R. (2009) 

Shear strength estimation for Åknes sliding area in western Norway 

International Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining Sciences 46 (2009) 479-488 

257. Kveldsvik, V., Kaynia, A.M., Nadim, F., Bhasin, R., Nilsen, B. and Einstein, 

H.H. (2009) 

Dynamic distinct-element analysis of the 800m high A˚ knes rock slope 

International Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining Sciences 46 (2009) 686–698 


Kontroll- og referanseside/ 

Review and reference page 

Oppdragsgiver/Client 

The Research Council of Norway 

Kontraktsreferanse/ 

Contract reference 

SFF – ICG 146035/420 

Dokumenttittel/Document title 

International Centre for Geohazards – Annual report – 2008 

Prosjektleder/Project Manager 

Farrokh Nadim 

Utarbeidet av/Prepared by 

Farrokh Nadim 

Emneord/Keywords 

Land, fylke/Country, County 

Kommune/Municipality 

Sted/Location 

Kartblad/Map 

UTM-koordinater/UTM-coordinates 

Kvalitetssikring i henhold til/Quality assurance according to 

NS-EN ISO9001 

Kontrollert 

av/ 

Reviewed 

by 

FNa 

Kontrolltype/ 

Type of review 

Helhetsvurdering/ 

General 

Evaluation * 

SL Språk/Style 

SL 

Teknisk/Technical 

- Skjønn/Intelligence 

- Total/Extensive 

- Tverrfaglig/ 

Interdisciplinary 

THa Utforming/Layout 2009.03.31 

SL Slutt/Final 2009.03.31 

Kopiering/Copy quality 

Dokument nr/Document No. 

20031103-6 

Dato/Date 

2009-03-31 

Distribusjon/Distribution 

� Fri/Unlimited 

� Begrenset/Limited 

� Ingen/None 

Havområde/Offshore area 

Feltnavn/Field name 

Sted/Location 

Felt, blokknr./Field, Block No. 

Dokument/Document Revisjon 1/Revision 1 Revisjon 2/Revision 2 

Kontrollert/Reviewed Kontrollert/Reviewed Kontrollert/Reviewed 

Dato/Date 

2009.03.31 

Sign. Dato/Date Sign. Dato/Date Sign. 

* Gjennomlesning av hele rapporten og skjønnsmessig vurdering av innhold og presentasjonsform/ 

On the basis of an overall evaluation of the report, its technical content and form of presentation 

Dokument godkjent for utsendelse/ 

Document approved for release 

Dato/Date 

31 March 2009 

Sign.

Centre of Excellence – International Centre for Geohazards (ICG)

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