Material phenomena (rūpa) - definitions and ... - Abhidhamma.com

10 rūparūpa Translations Class Characteristic Function11 sadda sound12 gangha13 rasaphotthabbavisible objectcolourformsmellodourtasteflavourtangibleobject,tangibility,touchableobjectgocara(sense-)objectstriking theeye, reflectingin the eyestriking theear, impingingon the earstriking thenose,impinging onthe nosestriking thetongue,impinging onthe nose= earth-, fire-, air-elementbeing theobject ofeye-consciousnessbeing theobject ofear-consciousnessbeing theobject ofnose-consciousnessbeing theobject oftongue-consciousnessNumberManifestationbeing thefield ofvisualcognitionbeing thefield ofauditorycognitionbeing thefield ofolfactorycognitionbeing thefield ofgustatorycognitionProximatecause4mahābhūtas4mahābhūtas4mahābhūtas4mahābhūtasOriginationby all 4causes:kamma,citta,utu,āhāracittautuby all 4causes:kamma,citta,utu,āhāraby all 4causes:kamma,citta,utu,āhāraAttributesexternalnon-base, non-door,non-facultygross, near, impingeclung-to (kamma-born)not receiving objectsinseparable, produced,with own distinct natureexternalnon-base, non-door, nonfacultygross, near, impingenot clung-to (not kammaborn)not receiving objectsseparable, produced,with own distinct natureexternalnon-base, non-door,non-facultygross, near, impingeclung-to (kamma-born)not receiving objectsinseparable, produced,with own distinct natureexternalnon-base, non-door,non-facultygross, near, impingeclung-to (kamma-born)not receiving objectsinseparable, produced,with own distinct natureAppearancein kalāpasin all kalāpasvocal intimationdecad,vocal intimationtridecadwithmutability,sound-nonad,sound-dodecadwith mutabilityin all kalāpasin all kalāpasExperienceby seeingby hearingbysmellingby tastingbytouching3

1415161718rūpa Translations Class Characteristic FunctionItthibhāva,itthindriyapumbhāva,purisindriyahadaya(-vatthu)jīvita,jīvitindriyaāhāra(kabaḷikāraāhāra)femininityfaculty of ~masculinityfaculty of ~heart (-base)(physical) life,life-faculty,life-force,vitalitynutriment,edible food,nutrition,nutritiveessencebhāvasexmaterialquality orsource ofsexof womanhoodof manhoodmind-element(manodhātu) +mindconsciousnesselement(manoviññāṇadhātu)whichdepend on itprotecting thematters borntogether bykammanutritiveessenceto show‘this is afemale’to show‘this is amale’being theseat or baseof theseelements(dhātus)continuity(of themattersborntogether)to producematterNumberManifestationas the causefor thesigns andways of thefemaleas the causefor thesigns andways of themalecarryingtheseelements(dhātus)maintenance (of themattersborntogether)sustainmentProximatecause4mahābhūtas4mahābhūtas4mahābhūtas4mahābhūtas4mahābhūtasOriginationAttributesAppearancein kalāpasExperiencekammakammaexternalnon-base, non-door,facultysubtle, far, not impingeclung-to (kamma-born)not receiving objectsseparable,produced,with own distinct naturefemale decadmale decadby mindby mindkammakammaby all 4causes:kamma,citta,utu,āhāraexternalbase, non-door,non-facultysubtle, far, not impingeclung-to (kamma-born)not receiving objectsseparable, produced,with own distinct natureexternalnon-base, non-door,facultysubtle, far, not impingeclung-to (kamma-born)not receiving objectsseparable, produced,with own distinct natureexternalnon-base, non-door,non-facultysubtle, far, not impingeclung-to (kamma-born)not receiving objectsinseparable, produced,with own distinct nature(heart-)basedecadin all (9)kamma-bornkalāpasin all kalāpasby mindby mindby mind4

19rūpa Translations Class Characteristic Functionparicchedaākāsa(-dhātu)20 kāya-viññatti21 vacī-viññatti22 lahutā23 mudutā24 kammaññatālimitationspace(-element)bodilyintimationvocal / verbalintimation,speechintimationlightness,buoyancy,quicknesssoftness,plasticity,malleability,elasticity,pliabilityadaptability,wieldiness,workability,fitness, ability,preparednessfor actionviññattiintimation,communicationand also:vikāradistinctionvikāramutability,distinctiondelimiting,separating(groups of)matter(change in thegreat elements,sustaining,supporting,shaking thephysical body)vocal intimationdecad,vocal intimationtridecadwith mutabilitynonsluggishness,non-heavinessnon-rigidity,non-stiffnessworkability orfitness suitablefor all physicalactionsto show itsboundaryto showintentionto showintentionremovingheaviness ofmaterialobjectsremovingrigidity ofmaterialobjectsNumberManifestationshowing itslimits orbeing holesor openingsuntouchedby thebhūtasas the causeof bodymovement,gesture,bodilyexcitementas the causeof the voicein speechquicknessof change,light transformabilityabsence ofoppositionin all actsdue to itsplasticityremoving ofnonworkabilitynonweaknessProximatecausematter(which isdelimited)air-elementborn of citta(change in thegreat elements,producingspeech, noiseand sounds forcommunication)earthelementborn of cittalight,buoyantmatterplasticmatterworkable, fitmatterOriginationby all 4causes:kamma,citta,utu,āhāracittacittacitta,utu,āhāraAttributesexternalnon-base, non-door,non-facultysubtle, far, not impingeclung-to (kamma-born)not receiving objectsseparable, unproduced,without own distinct natureexternalnon-base, door,non-facultysubtle, far, not impingenot clung-to (not kammaborn)not receiving objectsseparable,unproduced,without own distinct natureexternalnon-base, non-door,non-facultysubtle, far, not impingenot clung-to (not kammaborn)not receiving objectsseparable,unproduced,without own distinct natureAppearancein kalāpas(not in, butdelimiting allkalāpas)bodily intimationnonad,bodily intimationdodecadwith mutabilitymutabilityundecad,mutabilitydodecadwithsound,mutabilitydodecadwithbodily intimation,mutabilitytridecadwithvocal intimationand soundExperienceby mindby mindafterreflectionon thatbodymovementor gestureby mindthroughthatspeech orsoundby mind5

ūpa Translations Class Characteristic Function25 upacaya26 santati27 jaratā28 aniccatā(initial)appearance,first arising,integration,birthcontinuity,continueddevelopment,existence, subsistence,subsequentarisingdecay,ageingimpermanence,dissolution,destructionlakkhaṇacharacteristicssetting up,accumulationcontinuing theappearancedecay ormaturity ofmattercompletedissolutionto makematteremergefrom nonexistencestatecontinuityof linkingageing,leading toruinsinking,merging ofmatterNumberManifestationinstallingmaterialqualities,fullness ofmatternoninterruption,unbrokenseriesloss offreshness,oldnessdestruction,cessationand fallingProximatecausea grownmattera relinkingmattera matter inthe state ofdecaya matter inthe state ofdissolutionOriginationnocondition(not originatedorproduced,just thecharacterristicofmatter)Attributesexternalnon-base, non-door,non-facultysubtle, far, not impingenot clung-to (not kammaborn)not receiving objectsseparable,unproduced,without own distinct natureAppearancein kalāpas(not a part ofthe kalāpas,but theircharacteristic)Experienceby mindNote: The rūpas number 1 – 18 are suitable for contemplation and comprehension (sammassana), because they are real rūpas, concretely produced (nipphanna), have their own distinct nature(sabhāva lakkhaṇa) and the characteristics of anicca, dukkha and anattā (salakkhaṇa).The rūpas number 19 – 28 are not suitable for contemplation and comprehension (na-sammassana), because they are no real rūpas, not concretely produced (anipphanna), don’t have their owndistinct nature (asabhāva lakkhaṇa) and not the characteristics of anicca, dukkha and anattā (alakkhaṇa).References:“A Comprehensive Manual of Abhidhamma” (Abhidhammattha Sangaha), chapter 6, edition by Bhikkhu Bodhi (BPS)“Fundamental Abhidhamma, Part I”, chapter 3, by Dr. Nandamālābhivaṃsa, CBS *“The Essence of Buddha Abhidhamma”, chapter 6, by Dr. Mehm Tin Mon *“Compendium of Matter” (Abhidhammattha Sangaha, chapter 6), essence and notes by Dr. Rewata Dhamma *“Process of Consciousness and Matter”, chapter 5, by Dr. Rewata Dhamma“The Buddhist Teaching on Physical Phenomena”, Nina van Gorkom *“A Survey of Paramattha Dhammas”, chapter 4 + appendix 3, by Sujin Boriharnwanaket *“The Path of Purity” (Visuddhimagga), chapter 14 and partly 11, translated by Pe Maung Tin, PTS“The Path of Purification” (Visuddhimagga), chapter 14, translated by Bhikkhu Ñānamoli“Visuddhimagga. The Path to Purity”, Khandhaniddesa, translated by Dr. Nandamālābhivaṃsa, CBS“Dhammasangaṇī”, translated by U Kyaw Khine, DPPS Myanmar“The Expositor” (Atthasālinī), commentary on Dhammasangaṇī, translated by Pe Maung Tin* available under “books” or “texts” on www.abhidhamma.com6