Fats and Oils as Renewable Feedstock for the Chemical ... - abiosus

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L1GLYCEROL : A RENEWABLE AND VALUABLE MOLECULE FOR ASUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRYJoel BARRAULTLACCO, Laboratoire de catalyse en Chimie Organique40, Avenue du recteur Pineau86022 Poitiers, cédex, France.Joel.barrault@univ-poitiers.frIn recent papers describing the main trends of the glycerol production there is ageneral agreement and call for new and important efforts to find new added-values usesfor glycerol. Indeed due to a large increase of biodiesel manufacture from vegetable oilsthe glycerol production should reach 1.5 MT in 2008 instead of 1.0 MT in 2005.Glycerol is a multifunctional molecule which can be used for the selective synthesis ofnumerous products among which polyglycerols, polyglycerols esters, dissymmetric ethers,monoglycerides, glycerol carbonate, propanediols, glyceraldehyde, glyceric acid, acrolein,glycidol, … are very convenient as emulsifiers, solvents, fuels additives, tensioactiveagents, monomers, intermediates, … Moreover, new molecules such as (thio-) carbamicesters are very promising as fungicides (of vegetables in biofuels production) ornucleosides analogs with antiviral activity.In various places all around the world most of the synthesis were investigated or areunder investigation using new and very selective catalysts prepared from the newconcepts of solid chemistry, organometallics, hybrids and using new processes(supercritical conditions, ionic liquids, microwaves, …).10
L2Biotransformation of Glycerol into 1,3-PropanediolKlaus-Dieter VorlopBundesforschungsanstalt für Landwirtschaft, Institut für Technologie undBiosystemtechnik, Bundesallee 50, 38116 BraunschweigGlycerol is mainly a by-product of fat splitting and biodiesel production. Further growth ofthe biodiesel market would result in a fall in price of glycerol. Particularly glycerol waterfrom RME production, for example, would be an interesting raw material, if it could beutilized in fermentation without further pretreatment. Under anaerobic conditions bacteriacan transform Glycerol into 1,3-Propanediol (1,3 PD), which can be used as monomer inthe chemical industry. One of the applications of 1,3-PD is use as a diol component in theplastic Polytrimethyleneterephthalate (PTT). PTT is a new polymer with propertiescomparable to Nylon. It is preferably used for carpets (Corterra ® by Shell) or special textilefibers (Sorona ® by DuPont). Additional applications are opening up in polyester resins,mainly in the paint industry.PD can be produced biotechnologically from glycerol with the aid of bacteria. Another waywould be the utilization of glucose instead of glycerol, which would provide independencefrom the fluctuating glycerol market.However under certain conditions, the classic technique based on glycerol can be quiteinteresting with regard to technical and economic aspects: A concerted, extensive searchfor new microorganisms (screening) and improved process design (fed-batch with pHcontrolledsubstrate dosage) allowed the product concentrations, which were relatively lowat a maximum of 70 to 80 g/L as a result of product inhibition, to be raised to more than100 g/L. An additional advantage of the new technique and the new isolated strains is theutilization of low-priced crude glycerol or glycerol-water. This is a factor which should notbe underestimated and has a direct effect on the product costs. Further on, the use ofimmobilized cells compared to freely suspended cells enables an increase of productivityfrom about 2 up to 30 g PD/(L·h).A comparison of existing (chemical) techniques with the new biotechnical techniquesbased on different substrates and glycerol qualities (= raw glycerol costs) shows thatbiotechnology might be competitive to chemical techniques if crude glycerol is used.The author like to thank FNR (Agency of Renewable Resources, FKZ 22006798), and the EU (BioDiolQLK5-CT-2002-01343) for financial support.Hirschmann S, Baganz K, Koschik I, Vorlop K-D (2005) Development of an integrated bioconversion processfor the production of 1,3-propanediol from raw glycerol waters. Landbauforsch Völkenrode 55(4):261-267.11
Page 1 and 2: abiosus e.V.Non-Profit Association
Page 3: ContentProgram 5Poster session 8Abs
Page 6 and 7: Sunday, 2.09.200714.00 Registration
Page 8 and 9: Poster Session: Sunday, September 2
Page 12 and 13: L3Utilization of fatty acid derivat
Page 14 and 15: L5Homogeneous Catalysis: Pespective
Page 16 and 17: L7Epoxidation of methyl oleate by m
Page 18 and 19: L9Olefin Metathesis of Fatty Acids:
Page 20 and 21: L11New Polymers by Copolymerization
Page 22 and 23: L13Novel renewable polyesters for c
Page 24 and 25: L15Oxazolines, seen from an industr
Page 27 and 28: AbstractsPart 2: Posters27
Page 29 and 30: P2Dehydration of glycerol to acrole
Page 31 and 32: P4Synthesis and Characterization of
Page 33 and 34: P6Cross-Metathesis of Unsaturated F
Page 35 and 36: P8Acrylate and Methacrylate Monomer
Page 37 and 38: Willi FederBioPinLinumweg 1-826441
Page 39 and 40: Dr. Herbert RieplTechnische Univers

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