the jewish community of cuba: between continuity and extinction

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138 Margalit Bejarano21. On the early history of the Sephardic community of Cuban, see M. Bejarano, "Los sefaradim, pioneros de la inmigracion judia a Cuba," Rumbos, 14 (October 1985):107-122.22. The most comprehensivesource on the Eastern European Jewish immigrants for the years 1921-1925 is Harry Vitales' "Report," op. cit.; itis followed bya report by the Director of the Jewish Committee forCuba, covering the years 1925-1927. (A copy of these reports is kept atthe Department of Demography, Institute of Contemporary Jewry,Hebrew University.)23. Sapir, op. cit., pp. 27-31; Sender Kaplan, "Jews in Cuban Economic Life,Havaner Lebn Almanaque (1943):13-19 (Yiddish).24.Sapir, op. cit., pp. 66-67; A. Eliezer, "The Jewish Worker and the Kultur Farain," Oyfgang (August-September 1934) (Yiddish).25. "Acta de constitucion del Partido Comunista de Cuba," in HortensiaPitchardo, Documentos para la Historia de Cuba, III (Havana, 1973),pp. 299-301; Boris Goldenberg, "The Rise and Fall of a Party, theCuban CP (1925-1959)," Problems of Communism (July-August1970):61-80.26. Grobart refused to be interviewed by the author, claiming that he hadnever had contacts with the Jewish community.A book dedicated toGrobart on his 80th birthday does not mention his Hebrew name ?Abraham Simchowitch. Fabio Grobart, Un forjadoreternamente joven(Havana, 1985). See also Boris Kozolchyk, The Political Biographiesof Three Castro Officials (Santa Monica, 1966), pp. 1-14; interviews:David Utiansky, Tel Aviv, 1981; Osher Schuchinsky, Miami, 1984.27.Surveys on the Jewish institutions that functioned in Cuba are to befound in "The History of the Jews in Cuba," Der Grundstein (Havana,1951), pp. 30-53 (Yiddish), as well as in the yearly Almanaque de laVida Habanera (1943-1960).28. For a history of the Zionist movement in Cuba, see Haim Shiniuk,"The Developmentof the Zionist Movement in Cuba," Havaner LebnAlmanaque (1943):131-147 (Yiddish).29. Interviews: David Utiansky, Aron Yuken, Osher Schuchinsky, EliezerAronovsky. One example of the Zionist transformation was the director of the Jewish day school of the Centro Israelita who wasformerlya Bundist; his attitude had its impacton the school's policy.30. Rose Klepfisz and Emil Lang, Annotated Catalogue of the Archives ofthe American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee 1933-1944, p. 192.31. Thomas and Witts, op. cit., pp. 78-81; Yehuda Bauer, My Brother'sKeeper (Philadelphia, 1974), pp. 287-288.32. Edward Hochhauser, "Report on Short Study of Situation of Refugeesin Havana" (February 1939), JDC 506.33. The number includes 922 on board the St. Louis, 132 on board theFrench "Flandre," and 72 on board the English "Orduna." For bibliography,see note 12 above.This content downloaded by the authorized user from 192.168.72.230 on Sun, 2 Dec 2012 04:14:50 AMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
The Jewish Community of Cuba 13934. Zariz, op. cit., pp. 291-292. Interviews: N. Solowiejczyk, Tel Aviv,1981; Paul and Maurice Kaufman, New York, 1987; Antonio Bergos,New York, 1987.35. Interviews: Nahman Solowiejczyk; Chiel Morgenstein, New York,1987. For literaryaccounts of refugee immigration from BelgiumtoCuba, see Felicia Rosshandler, Passing Through Havana (New York,1984); Yeshayahu Austridan, Chofim (Tel Aviv, 1985) (Hebrew).36. Max Azicri, Cuba Politics, Economics and Society (London, 1988), p.193.37. Maurice Halperin, The Taming of Fidel Castro (Berkeley, 1981), p.239. Interviews: Max Lesnick, Miami, 1984; Bernardo Benes, Miami,1987. The most important activist of the Agrupacion Cultural wasMarcus Matterin, editor of Hebraica, who founded and directed thePatronato's library until his death in 1983.38. Kaplanto Malat, February 28, 1955; Kessari to Malat, March 14, 1955,Israel State Archives [ISA], 2578/21; Kessary Report on Visit to Cuba,October 26-31, 1955, ISA 2571/6; Consejo Plenario Sionista, Cuba-Israel (Havana, 1954).39. Jorge Garcia Montes served during World War II as the lawyer of theJDC and was very devoted to the Jewish refugees. For a reporton theinauguration ceremony, see Prensa Libre, October 25, 1955, pp. 1, 15.40. Dionisio Castiel, "Una charla con el Arquitecto y los miembros delComite de Construccion," La Piedra Fundamental (Der Gruntstein)(Havana, 1951), pp. 34-42.41. Adath Israel and Knesseth Israel were reunited into one kehilla in1948. After long inner?struggles they split againone group reorganizing Adath Israel and the second joining the Patronato.42. Haim Yaari to Ministry of Foreign Affairs, "A Reporton the Condition of Cuban Jews," January 1964 (Hebrew). (A copy was given to thisauthor by Haim Yaari, Israel's Ambassador to Cuba in 1963-65.) Forother causes for emigration from Cuba, see Moises Asis, "Cuban Jewryduring Thirty Years of Revolution," Yahadut Zemanenu, 6 (Jerusalem,1990), p. 326 (Hebrew). (The Spanishversion of the article was published in Coloquio,22 [Buenos Aires, 1989].)43. Bejarano, Patterns of Prejudice, op. cit., p. 40; Halperin, op. cit., p.242. Interview: Moshe Baldas, Tel Aviv, 1982.44. Interview: Moshe Baldas; Yaari, "Report," op. cit.45. Accordingto Dr. Jonathan Prato, Israel's Ambassador to Cuba 1960-63,the arrangementwas achieved following his petitionto the CubanSecretary of Education.46. Interview: Moshe Baldas.47.Edy Kaufman, Yoram Shapira, Joel Barromi, Israel-Latin AmericanRelations (New Brunswick, 1959), pp. 10-12; Halperin, op. cit., 241244; David J. Kopilow, Castro, Israel and the PLO (The Cuba-AmericanNational Foundation, 1984), p. 17. Ricardo Subirana y Lobo (RichardThis content downloaded by the authorized user from 192.168.72.230 on Sun, 2 Dec 2012 04:14:50 AMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
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