Bangladesh EFA MDA National Report 2001-2005 - United Nations ...

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Bangladesh EFA MDA National Report 2001-2005Percentage of Female Teachers in Secondary EducationIn 2005, the total number of teachers in junior secondary and secondary level institutions was 232929 ofwhom 26983, that is, female teachers were 9.65% (Source: Table-12, Bangladesh Educational Statistics,BANBEIS, 2006).Percentage of Female Teachers in Vocational and Technical EducationIn 2005, the total number of teachers in TVET institutions was 18191 of whom 3208 were females, thatis, the percentage of female teachers in TVET was 17.64% (Source: Table-7, Bangladesh EducationalStatistics, BANBEIS, 2006).5.2.11 Percentage of repetition of females and males in primary and secondary levelsIn 2005, the repetition rate in primary education grades was 10.5% with break-up of 10.7% males and9.6% females (Source: Table- 3/ 4 of PEDP-II, Baseline Survey, 2006).In 2005, the repetition rate in secondary education level was 8.14% with a break-up of 8.23% males(Source: Table-17.1, Bangladesh Educational Statistics, BANBEIS, 2006).5.3 Additional EFA MDA Indicators5.3.1 Additional Indicators5.3.1.1 Percentage of female school principals/ administratorsNumber of teachers in Primary Schools and other Primary level institutions is 182705, of whom 53250 or29.1% are females. At the secondary level, the number of teachers is 238158 of whom 48290 or 20.27%are females.It is not known how many of these female teachers are in management of schools/ institutions; but anintelligent guess is that 10% of female teachers work as Head Teachers/ Principals, and 100% of schoolsfor female students are managed by female Head Teachers/ Principals.5.3.1.2 Percentage of female staff holding senior positions within the Ministry of educationParticipation of females in management and teaching jobs in MoE, MoPME, DHSE and DPE are high- itis about 20%.5.3.1.3 Percentage of female teachers vis-à-vis percentage of male teachers who have participated inin-service teachers training programsThere are two categories of teachers training institutions for the teachers of primary and secondary levels.These are Primary Training Institute (PTI) for primary and Teachers Training College (TTC) for secondaryteachers. All of the PTI (54) are managed by government whereas most TTC are managed by privateinstitutions. It is evident from Table 3 that out of 99 TTC only 14 are managed by government and the rest(85) are privately run. In both teachers training categories percentage of female is lower than male.However, the number of private TTC are high, the quality of training of most of the private TTC arequestioned and is currently under investigation (TQI-SEP, 2007).188
Bangladesh EFA MDA National Report 2001-20055.3.1.4 Gender Development Index (GDI)Life expectancy at birth is 61 years for both men and women and, hence, the GDI is 1: 1. The AdultLiteracy Rate is 54.8% with 60.31% males and 48.9% females, which indicates women’s inequal accessto education resulting from their lower status in the society (BBS, 2003).5.3.1.5 Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM)The gender empowerment measure of 2004 ranks Bangladesh 76 th out of 78 countries in women’sdevelopment, which is clearly shows that increased enrolment has contributed little towards women’sempowerment.Number of teachers participated in in-service training institutes in 2005Institution (Number) Female Male TotalPrimary Training Institute (public-54)Teachers Training College (TTC forsecondary; Private-85; Public-14)Source: BANBEIS, 2006Table 11: Teachers participation in in-service teachers training5176(39.74%)7237(39.86%)7849(60.26%)10919(61.14%)13025181565.3.1.6 Percentage of schools with separate toilet facilities for females and malesIt is evident from the PEDP II Baseline Survey that thirty seven percent government primary schoolsreported availability of separate toilets for females whereas 32% GPS reported separate toilets for males.Sixty two percent schools reported common toilets.5.3.1.7 Ratio of females to males in enrolment inIn ECCE the total number of students is 1101395 with a break-up of 544558 females and 556837 males,indicating a female to male ratio of 49: 51.In Primary Education the total number of students is 17315296 with a break-up of 8446486 females and8868810 males. This indicates a female to male ratio of 49:51.In Secondary Education the total number of students is 2865863 with a break-up of 1457395 females and1408468 males. This indicates a female to male ratio of 51: 49. The ratio of females in secondary educationis higher because of incentives, like scholarship/ stipends and enactment of law against early marriage (18years).Literacy and Non-Formal EducationContrary to the overall and general trend of females’ enrolment in schools being higher than or at par tothat of males, the enrolment of females with physical disabilities is lower than that of males both in GPSand RNGPS. Perhaps, females having physical disabilities are more unlikely to be sent to schoolscompared to males having similar disabilities.189
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