Student Success, Retention, and Graduation: Definitions, Theories ...

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Noel-Levitz Retention CodificationsStudent Success, Retention, and Graduation:Definitions, Theories, Practices, Patterns, and TrendsNovember 2008Page 14National Retention Rates and BenchmarksAmong the most widely cited set of retention statistics is the ACT Institutional Annual DataFile, which provides yearly graduation and persistence rates that serve as retentionbenchmarks for institutions. Rates are presented by institutional admission selectivity (seetable below):Selectivity Level ACT SATHighly Selective 25-30 1710-2000Selective 21-26 1470-1770Traditional 18-24 1290-1650Liberal 17-22 1230-1530Open 16-21 1170-1480The 2008 ACT graduation rates follow in the tables below:Graduation Rates* – Public InstitutionsAdmissions Selectivity AA BA MA PhDHighly Selective 65.3 73.5 78.2Selective 71.5 50.4 52.5Traditional 24.4 39.5 37.8 39.7Liberal 37.6 42.5 35.0 55.7Open 26.3 27.6 32.6 42.8*Graduation in 3 years for Associate Degree; 5 years for BA/BSSource: Compiled from ACT Institutional Data File, 2008Graduation Rates* – Private InstitutionsAdmissions Selectivity AA BA MA PhDHighly Selective 86.7 80.4 81.9Selective 79.5 69.8 66.7 66.0Traditional 48.9 44.7 51.0 52.1Liberal 61.2 43.2 43.9 40.1Open 46.2 49.4 49.4 54.1*Graduation in 3 years for Associate Degree; 5 years for BA/BSSource: Compiled from ACT Institutional Data File, 2008
Noel-Levitz Retention CodificationsStudent Success, Retention, and Graduation:Definitions, Theories, Practices, Patterns, and TrendsNovember 2008Page 15The 2008 ACT first-to-second year persistence rates follow in the tables below:First- to Second-year Retention: PublicAdmissions Selectivity AA BA MA PhDHighly Selective 87.3 91.5 90.2Selective 90.7 80.5 81.8Traditional 56.6 70.7 70.5 73.1Liberal 54.8 62.4 64.1 60.3Open 53.6 60.3 64.4 74.8First time, full time, degree seekingCompiled from ACT Institutional Data File, 2008First- to Second-year Retention: PrivateAdmissions Selectivity AA BA MA PhDHighly Selective 93.5 87.9 91.4Selective 72.6 78.7 80.1 83.7Traditional 58.9 67.1 70.9 73.1Liberal 63.1 63.2 62.5 70.3Open 50.6 63.6 67.2 74.3First time, full time, degree seekingCompiled from ACT Institutional Data File, 2008Based on evidence of tracking retention data over several decades it appears that the ratesreported by ACT have been relatively stable. However, according to results of a recentsurvey based on responses from 193 four-year institutions, 35.4 percent of publicinstitutions and 43.2 percent of private institutions have remained stable (i.e., within +/- 1%variation during the past three years) (Noel-Levitz, 2007, p. 11). Survey results also showthat 47.7 percent of public institutions and 49.8 percent private institutions haveexperienced increases in their graduation rates, while 16.9 percent of public institutions and6.7 percent private institutions have reported decreases in their graduation rates over thesame time period. Offering academic support programs along with placing campuswideattention on undergraduate teaching and learning has been rated the most widely usedretention practice by both public and private institutions. In response to the question: Doesyour institution use a current, written retention plan to guide its efforts? Fifty-three percentof public institutions and 30.1 percent private institutions have indicated “yes.” And yet,overwhelming evidence suggests that:
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