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Use of Seawater in Slurry of Cape Seal - CSIR

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8 th CONFERENCE ON ASPHALT PAVEMENTS FOR SOUTHERN AFRICAWoodbridge, M.E., Obika, B., Freer-Hewish, R., and Newill, D., 1994. Salt damage tobitum<strong>in</strong>ous surfac<strong>in</strong>gs: results from road trials <strong>in</strong> Botswana. Proc. 6 th Conf. Asphaltpavements S. Afr., <strong>Cape</strong> Town, Vol. 1, II -149 to II-162.Netterberg, F., 1969. The geology and eng<strong>in</strong>eer<strong>in</strong>g properties <strong>of</strong> South African calcretes.PhD thesis, Univ. Witwatersrand Vol. 4, Johannesburg.Emery, S.J., 1992. The prediction <strong>of</strong> moisture content <strong>in</strong> untreated pavement layers andan application to design <strong>in</strong> southern Africa. <strong>CSIR</strong> Res. Rep. 644, Pretoria.Weather Bureau, 1986. Climate <strong>of</strong> South Africa. WB40, Govt Pr<strong>in</strong>ter, Pretoria.Schulze, R.E., Maharaj, M., Lynch, S.D., Howe, B.J. and Melvil-Thomson, G.I.S., 1997. SouthAfrican atlas <strong>of</strong> agrohydrology and -climatology. Dept. Agric Engng, Univ. Natal,Pietermaritzburg.National Institute for Transport and Road Research, 1979, 1986. Standard methods <strong>of</strong> test<strong>in</strong>groad construction materials. TMH 1 (1st and 2nd edns), NITRR, <strong>CSIR</strong>, Pretoria.South African Bureau <strong>of</strong> Standards, 1976. Standard specification for aggregates fromnatural sources. SABS 1083-1976, Pretoria.Mason, B. and Moore, C.B., 1982. Pr<strong>in</strong>ciples <strong>of</strong> geochemistry. 4th Edn, Wiley, New York.Riley, J.P., and Skirrow, G. (eds), 1965. Chemical oceanography. Academic Press, London.<strong>Cape</strong> Prov<strong>in</strong>cial Roads Department, 1977. Section 23: Surface treatment us<strong>in</strong>g a splitapplication <strong>of</strong> bitum<strong>in</strong>ous b<strong>in</strong>der, 19 or 13 millimetre stone chips and slurry seal. <strong>Cape</strong>Prov<strong>in</strong>cial Adm<strong>in</strong>istration, <strong>Cape</strong> Town.National Institute for Transport and Road Research, 1985. Nomenclature and methods fordescrib<strong>in</strong>g the condition <strong>of</strong> Asphalt pavements. TRH 6: 1985, NITRR, <strong>CSIR</strong>, Pretoria.<strong>Cape</strong> Prov<strong>in</strong>cial Adm<strong>in</strong>istration, 1993. Materials Manual. Vol. 2, Chapter 2, p. 2-65 to 2-66.Asphalt Institute, 1987. A basic asphalt emulsion manual. Asphalt Institute Manual Series No.9 (2 nd edn,), College Park.American Society for Test<strong>in</strong>g and Materials, 1994. Standard practices for design, test<strong>in</strong>g andconstruction <strong>of</strong> slurry seal. ASTM D 39 10-90 <strong>in</strong> 1994 annual book <strong>of</strong> ASTM standards, Vol.0.4, 399-406.Colas Southern Africa (Pty) Ltd, 1996. The road to success. Colas products and serviceshandbook. Sections 3.5.1 and 8.4.6. Colas Southern Africa (Pty) Ltd, Johannesburg.Paper 090

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