A Typical Energy from Waste Process

About Energy from WasteEnergy from Waste (EfW) is a technology that sees post-recycling, residualwaste burned at high temperatures under carefully controlled conditions togenerate heat, steam and electricity.The process also produces Incinerator Bottom Ash (IBA), which will berecycled for use as aggregate material in the construction industry, and AirPollution Control Residue (APCR), which will be treated at a licensed facilitywhilst longer-term recycling optionsare explored.As part of its contract with Prosiect Gwyrdd, Viridor is committed torecycling 100% of the IBA from Trident Park for the most sustainablesolution and to help the authorities meet higher recycling targets.Viridor is also exploring opportunities for finding ways to re-use the APCRto maximise the recycling rate for Prosiect Gwyrddstill further.Viridor iscommitted torecycling 100%of the IBA fromTrident ParkA Typical Energy fromWaste ProcessSupporting Partner

About Energy from Waste Q&AIs Energy from Waste safe?There are around 20 EfW facilities already operating in theUK and hundreds more across Europe. All the plants operateunder the Waste Incineration Directive with tight controlson emission limits and are monitored by the EnvironmentAgency.We are not aware of any peer-reviewed studiesthat conclusively link adverse health outcomes to EfWemissions. A 2004 Defra report concluded that there are “noconvincing links between EfW plant emission and adverseeffects on public health”.What is APCR and how is it captured and treated?Air Pollution Control Residue (APCR) is predominantly fly ashthat results from the combustion process, in additionto the lime and activated carbon that is used as part of the airpollution control process.The APCR is captured in filter bags and sent for safetreatment at an appropriately licensed facility. Viridor isalready looking at project to find a recycling solution forthe residues.Does Prosiect Gwyrdd have any control overthe facility?Prosiect Gwyrdd does have control over the facilitythrough a performance management framework thatenables the Partnership to monitor the day-to-dayrequirements of the contract.Environment Agency Wales will ensure that Viridor complieswith all relevant legislation and their environmental permit.These control measures will be monitored by a contractmanager on behalf of the five local authorities.Is there an environmental benefit from sending residualwaste to energy from waste compared to landfill?There is a significant environmental benefit. Buryingbiodegradable waste in landfill produces methane andmethane as a green house gas is 23 times more potent thanCarbon dioxide and is one of the main contributing factors toclimate change.A typical comparison of emissions fromViridor’s Lakeside EfW facility and trafficon a 56 mile section of the M25Tonnes emitted per year3,000.002,500.002,000.001,500.001,000.00500.00Annual actualemissions to airfrom Lakeside EfWAnnual actualemissions to airfrom the SurreySection of the M250.00Oxidesof nitrogenCarbonmonoxideFine particulatematterVolatile organiccompoundsSubstanceActual Emissions fromLakeside EfW (tonnesper annum)Permitted Emissions fromLakeside EfW (tonnesper annum)Surrey Section of the M25(tonnes per annum)Actual EfW emissions as apercentage of the SurreySection of the M25Oxides of nitrogen (NOx)3064162,98710.3%Carbon Monoxide (CO)241042,3301.0%Fine Particulate Matter (PM10)2.7321783.5%Volatile OrganicCompounds (VOCs)4213661.0%