Impact of Global Economic Crisis on the Employment and Migrant ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Table2.1 Unemployed person classified by work experience and unemployment rateUsed to work inTotalUnemployed(‘000) Never work(‘000)the previousmonth <strong>of</strong> thesurvey(‘000)Unemploymentrate2006 574.52 200.61 373.91 1.592007 528.02 205.34 322.68 1.442008 510.38 185.44 324.93 1.362009 611.44 178.92 432.52 1.602010 417.33 142.60 274.73 1.13Note: Average <strong>of</strong> monthly data. Since, the data availability in 2010 is limit to October, to avoidthe effect <strong>of</strong> seasonal unemployment. All data are averaged from January to October.Source: National Statistical OfficeThe share <strong>of</strong> experienced unemployed persons, who used to work in each economic sector, isdemonstrated in the Table 2.2. Clearly, the most suffered sector was the manufacturing sectorbecause <strong>of</strong> its suddenly shifted up share <strong>of</strong> unemployed persons. The agricultural sectorabsorbed the employment <strong>of</strong> economic crisis in 2009. This situation coincidently happenedwith the higher price <strong>of</strong> agricultural produce.Table 2.2 Average share <strong>of</strong> unemployed workers who used to work in the previousmonth <strong>of</strong> the survey classified by the industrial sector <strong>of</strong> their previous workAgriculture Manufacture Service Total2006 26 22 51 1002007 21 26 53 1002008 21 26 52 1002009 17 31 52 1002010 18 28 54 100Note: Average <strong>of</strong> monthly data. Since, the data availability in 2010 is limit to October, to avoidthe effect <strong>of</strong> seasonal unemployment; all data are averaged from January to October in thequarter 3.Source: National Statistical OfficeInterestingly, the employment growth has been increased about 1-2% in 2007 - 2010. It is thecombination <strong>of</strong> government’s objectives to decrease the unemployment rate and thecharacteristic <strong>of</strong> informal sector in Thailand which is flexible and absorbable unemployed fromthe formal one.The employment growth <strong>of</strong> the public sector has steadily increased at more than 3%. Theemployment <strong>of</strong> the private sector has also increased. Yet, the classification by formality showsthat the formal employment declines, while the informal sector increases. This contrary helpsrelieve number <strong>of</strong> the unemployment rate in the private sector. However, the informal workersdo not have secure employment contracts, worker's benefits, social protection or workers'representation. The problem <strong>of</strong> the working poor is not that they are unemployed, yet they arepoor in working condition (Sato and Murayama (2008): 4-5). Their wages are mostly lower thanthe formal one. Some workers must be informally employed for their survival and wait to enter
into formal employment. This is supported by an assumption <strong>of</strong> Sussangkarn (1987) thatworkers prefer to work in the formal sector rather than the informal one.Table 2.3 Average employed workers classified by the formality <strong>of</strong> employmentTotal Public sector Private sectorPrivate sector:formalPrivate sector:informalNumber('000)GrowthNumber('000)GrowthNumber('000)GrowthNumber('000)GrowthNumber('000)Growth2006 35,505 3,024 32,482 14,451 18,0312007 36,072 1.6% 3,119 3.2% 32,953 1.5% 14,650 1.4% 18,303 1.5%2008 36,833 2.1% 3,228 3.5% 33,605 2.0% 14,800 1.0% 18,806 2.7%2009 37,492 1.8% 3,326 3.0% 34,166 1.7% 14,842 0.3% 19,324 2.8%2010 37,880 1.0% 3,585 7.8% 34,295 0.4% 14,704 -0.9% 19,591 1.4%Note: Average <strong>of</strong> monthly data. Since, the data availability in 2010 is limit to October, to avoidthe effect <strong>of</strong> seasonal unemployment, all data are averaged from January to October.Source: National Statistical OfficeThailand is also the net emigrant countries. Table 2.3, the number <strong>of</strong> Thai workers workingaboard has decreased. In 2009, the number <strong>of</strong> total new register explicitly dropped; while thenumber <strong>of</strong> the reentries slightly increased. However, it was due to the negative influence <strong>of</strong>Asia and Middle East. Focusing on the North America, where has encountered the mostsevere problems, it is interesting that the number <strong>of</strong> new register has declined, while thereentry has moderately increase. It implies that once the workers have a chance to legallyreenter, they tend to remain in the labour market, given any economic situation. In Europe, thenew registered workers are substantially high in 2009, before drop in 2010. In overall, thenumber <strong>of</strong> Thai workers applies for working permit in Europe remains increase.Noticeably, the number <strong>of</strong> both new registers and reentries to Asia suddenly shifts down in2009. However, the destination <strong>of</strong> the Thai workers working aboard has sought otheropportunities in Africa, South America, and Australia and Oceania instead.
Page 3: Employment to population ratio, 15+
Page 7 and 8: workers. To capture all above affec
Page 9 and 10: The following section defines the i
Page 11 and 12: job seekers with high education pre
Page 13 and 14: Figure 4.1 Framework of</st
Page 15 and 16: political conflict and economic sta
Page 17 and 18: The informal workers who work infor
Page 19 and 20: (2) Low skillThe migrants compose <
Page 21 and 22: Note: * There are some foreign work
Page 23 and 24: Subject toGivenMiDDiDDiTCiP MiP Y(4
Page 25 and 26: 4.4 Labour marketLabour is measured
Page 27 and 28: PP1L0LP1INDEXP0INDEXUNE1 11 phillip
Page 29 and 30: However, the migrant worker within

Impact of Global Economic Crisis on the Employment and Migrant ...

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?