Agricultural Strategic plan - Kilimo

THE REVOLUTIONARY GOVERNMENT OF ZANZIBARMINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE, LIVESTOCK AND ENVIRONMENTSTRATEGIC PLAN 2008/2009 – 2010/2011Prepared by MALEP. O. BOX 159E-Mail: kilimo@zanlink.comApril 2008

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT - PRINCIPAL SECRETARYThe implementation of MALE’s policies and programmes such as Agricultural Sector Policy,Agricultural Strategic Plan, Forestry Policy and Environmental Policies, and Food SecurityPolicy calls for an integrated efforts; Whereby, each policy, programme/project should matchwith and reflect on broad national plan and programmes such Vision 2020, MKUZA and theMillennium Development Goals (MDGs). More importantly our Ministry programmes/projectsobjectives should reflect and be a part of implementation of the CCM Manifesto for 2005-2010).The current MALE setup reflects its ability and willingness to deal with these new challenges.We will do this through establishment of proper training programme to make our staff capable ofcoping with emerging opportunities and challenges including the increasing complexity inplanning and implementation of donor funded projects and programme.In Zanzibar context, Agriculture Sector has higher growth elasticity of poverty reduction and thusany effort aiming to reduce rural poverty should involve considerable improvement of this sector.As such, our performance will be gauged based not just on the number and scope of developmentprojects we have, but more importantly on how we have managed to help our client to reducepoverty using their available resources on farming, fishing and other production activities relatedto agricultural sectors, this makes the core of responsibilities that we have been entrusted to fulfilland we must show that we are up for this task. As this being the case, the three years StrategicPlan have been prepared to set a clear focus in planning, budgeting, implementing and evaluatingour activities.I wish to thank every one who in one way or another helped in preparation of this Plan. I wouldalso like to urge every stakeholder to join hands in implementation of this SP. I strongly keep onrelying on all MALE’s staff to continue keeping their promises and accomplish their obligationsaccordingly. Let us all pull our effort together towards achievement of our common objectives.Rahma M. MshangamaPRINCIPAL SECRETARYMINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE, LIVESTOCK, AND ENVIRONMENTZANZIBAR4

THE STATEMENT BY THE MINISTER OF AGRICULTURE, LIVESTOCK ANDENVIRONMENTAgriculture Sector stands second in terms of its contribution to Zanzibar GDP (MOFEA GrowthStrategy Report 2006). Based on MOFEA 2006, any serious strategy for reduction of ruralpoverty and improvement of food security requires considerable improvement on the income ofsmallholder producers in agriculture related activities and thus must promote improvements intheir production activities. Due to this importance, the sector has been ranked as third prioritysector next to Tourism and Trade Sectors in MKUZA. Despite the potential of agricultural sectorsin reduction of rural poverty being widely recognized and documented, the challenge howeverlies on how to support specific changes that will lead to a greater role of the sectors in thereduction of poverty. The most critical one is on how to transform smallholder subsistenceagriculture into viable commercial entities. This will not only increase the contribution of theAgricultural Sector to GDP but also (and more importantly) it will increase its contribution inreduction of rural poverty.Currently, our Agricultural Sector is riddled with various inadequacies including the low use ofproduction technology and investment capital, low private investment in the sectors,underdeveloped agricultural support services, depletion of the natural resource bases andenvironmental degradation and over reliance on rain fed agriculture. Others are out-dated lawsand weak law enforcement mechanism, reduction of agricultural labour force caused by theHIV/AIDS pandemic, malaria and drug abuse, frequent disease and parasites/pests outbreak, andunreliable weather condition. On the other hand, there are also several opportunities that we needto explore; including the comparative advantage in production and marketing of some cash cropsparticularly organic spice and tropical fruits, sufficient underground water and good climaticconditions, and the less exploited marine resources in offshore and on shore water.This SP placed special emphasis on addressing core constraints to and potential for thedevelopment of the sector by creating conducive policy and legal environment for effectiveimplementation of agriculture related activities, enhancing smallholders’ access to essentialproduction inputs and services, promote deep sea and artisanal fisheries in a sustainable manner inorder to increase fish catch. Other issues addressed in this SP include the improvement ofmarketing efficiency so as to inculcate private sector involvement in production, processing andprovision of marketing services, empowerment of rural communities and encourage them toparticipate effectively in management of natural resource base in their respective areas for thebenefit of current and future generations. This SP also features the need for reviewing of some ofthe agriculture related policies and regulations and formulation of some new policies includingCooperative Development Policy.A particular emphasis will also be on addressing rural sectors that deemed sensitive for improvingfood security and vital for reduction of rural poverty. This includes crop and livestock productionactivities particularly those performed by resources poor farmers and artisanal fisheries, andencourage the formation of rural based saving and credit associations (SACAS) to cater for thecredit and saving need for this segment of the population. The implementation of this StrategicPlan will be done in a manner that articulates the objectives and targets of the NationalDevelopment Vision 2020, MKUZA, MDG, the CCM Manifesto for 2005 General Election andAgriculture Sector and Sub sector Policies.5

The issue of improving human resources in various cadres within the Ministry mandates,mainstreaming gender issues in agricultural development and tackling threat from HIV/AIDS andmalaria will also be taken aboard in this new SP.(BURHAN SAADAT HAJI)MINISTER FOR AGRICULTURE, LIVESTOCK, AND ENVIRONMENTZANZIBAR6

CHAPTER ONE1.1 INTRODUCTIONThe Vision 2020 was formulated in response to the socio-economic challenges and other pressingdevelopment issues and the need to provide broad guidance in developing strategic goals ofsocio-economic development in Zanzibar. The agriculture is one of the important sectorsexpected to contribute much in achieving objectives of vision 2020 goals. The three priority goalsidentified in a vision with respect to agriculture sectors are: ensuring basic food security,improving income levels and increasing export earnings. Besides, the current ZSGRP (Strategyfor Growth and Reduction of Poverty) popularly known as MKUZA and MDGs provides amedium term national framework for operationalising Vision 2020. MKUZA recognizes theimportance of Agriculture Sector in reduction of rural poverty in Zanzibar. This Strategy Plan(SP) therefore has been formulated to direct MALE’s effort and serves as guide in allocation ofscarce resource in achieving Ministry’s obligations in various spheres within its mandate.1.2 LAYOUT OF THE DOCUMENTThis document set out the strategic plan for the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock andEnvironment for the period of 2008/2009 to 2010/11 financial years. The document is dividedinto three main chapters. Chapter one deals with the introduction, purpose of the SP, the role ofthe Ministry and the methodology used to prepare this plan. Chapter two is comprised of situationanalysis while Chapter three is mainly based on MALE’s vision, mission, objectives, strategiesand targets. This document also contains four annexes. Annex 1 shows objectives, strategies andtargets matrix, Annex 2 list the ongoing programmes/projects, Annex 3 list proposedprojects/programmes to be implemented, and Annex 4 shows the Organization chart of MALE.1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STRATEGIC PLANThis SP will act as an integral part of reduction of poverty particularly in the rural areas. The needfor this version of SP emanates from three main considerations: 1) The strategy is viewed as aninstrument for guiding public and private efforts towards broadly shared sector objectives,specific inputs and outputs and thus provide a basis for action by both the public and privatesectors to meet agreed or specified inputs and outputs in the agricultural sector at all levels. 2)The previous Agriculture Strategic Plan was formulated four years back (2004) therefore it needsreview to take aboard some new development challenges. 3) There was also a need to have SPversion which is in line with national format of SP.1.4 ROLE OF THE MINISTRYThe current structure of the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Environment- Zanzibarreveals that, the Ministry is composed with eight functional departments plus one Cooperation(TRW). However, its principal roles can be broadly categorized into five main groups as follows: to promote the development of Agriculture Sector (rain fed and irrigated agriculture) throughresearch, extension and other production services, to promote the development of Livestock sub-sector, to promote the development of fisheries sub sector,7

to promote sustainable use of terrestrial and aquatic natural resources and environmentalmanagement for the benefit of current and future generations, to promote sustainable development of cooperative sectors.1.5 METHODOLOGY USEDAs is intended to guide and provide a basis for action by both the public and private sectorstowards achieving common objectives there was a need to incorporate concerns of allstakeholders; so as to inculcate the sense of ownership of this SP among the stakeholders.Basically this Strategic Plan was formulated using participatory approaches and therefore itpresents the views of all key stakeholders of Agriculture Sector (crop production, fisheries,livestock, natural resources and environment) in Zanzibar (See Table 1). The actual preparationprocess of this SP went through the following course of action: Review of different MALE’s policies, reports and other related documents. Some of thedocuments that were consulted include: Agriculture Strategic Plan 2004, Agriculture SectorPolicy 2002, Forestry Policy 1995, Fuel Wood Consumption Survey 2003, Irrigation MasterPlan 2003, Food Security Policy and MTEF Budget 2007/2008 Presentation and sharing the draft report with heads of all MALE’s departments and othersenior staff Compilation of the comments and production of draft report Presentation and discussion of the draft report before key stakeholders at consultativemeetings Refining of the draft report, production and submission of the final report to MALE authority.8

CHAPTER TWO2.1 REVIEW OF THE HISTORY STRUCTURE AND THE ROLE OF THEMINISTRYThe Zanzibar Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Environment (MALE), is responsible for allaspects of crop, livestock, fisheries and forestry, environment and cooperatives. This structurewas set in 2000 under the name of Ministry of Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment andCooperatives (MANREC). This name was changed in 2005 to Ministry of Agriculture, Livestockand Environment. However, its institutional setup remains the same.The MALE present structure comprises of one Commission, seven Departments and Corporation.These are; Commission of Agriculture, Research and Extension, Department of Policy andPlanning, Department of Livestock Development, Department of Cash Crops Fruits and forestry;Department of Fisheries and Marine Resources, Department of Irrigation, Department ofEnvironment, Department of Cooperatives and the Tractor Repair Workshop.Restructuring of various parts of the Ministry has also taken place under donor projects, such asPlant Protection Division (PPD) and others. Since the beginning of 1996 the Ministry haschanged the focus of its activities more towards the district level with the establishment ofRegional Agricultural Development Officers (RADO) and District Agricultural DevelopmentOfficers (DADO) posts. These officers are responsible for overseeing all Ministry activities intheir respective regions and districts. The aim is to bring more trained personnel closer to farmers.A team of subject matter specialists (SMS) including forestry, fisheries, food crops, cash crops,livestock, inputs, crop protection, cooperatives and environment) operate under the DADO ineach district and work at the village level with the Block Extension Officers (BEOs). BEOs arethe front-liners extension cadres who have direct contact with farmers at Shehia level.2.2 SITUATION ANALYSIS2.2.1 STAKEHOLDER ANALYSISThe stakeholder analysis was carried out by consideration of the profile of the ministry’s keystakeholders, and explores the responsibility, needs and expectation of each respectivestakeholder. The principal stakeholders of agriculture sector in Zanzibar include the followings: Farmer and livestock keepers:These are producers of food and cash crops and livestock and nursery owners. Fishing community:People engaged in artisanal, commercial fishing and seaweed farming. It also involves othermarine related activities, e.g. fish venders, boats makers etc. Cooperative societies:A group of people voluntarily and collectively engaged in production activities and/or creditsaving mobilization in the form of cooperatives, SACCOS and SACAS. Private Sectors:These are private individuals or companies dealing with provision of private tractor hireservices, agro-processing, deep-sea fishing, export, import and distribution of agricultural9

inputs and produces or other sensible income generating activities. It also involves farmers’groups selling agricultural inputs to individual farmers. Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) and Community Based Organizations(CBOs):These are voluntary grouping of individuals or organizations which is autonomous, nonpartisan,non-profit making, which is organized locally at grassroots levels, national orinternational levels with the aim of promoting agricultural development, environmentalconservation; and food security for the protection of the poor. Development partnersThese are international community or members of development groups/agencies (multilateraldonor agencies), and countries (bilateral donor agencies) that provide development assistanceto agriculture and related sectors in Zanzibar. Other government institutions:These include all public institutions that are directly or in directly collaborate with MALE inexecution of its agricultural activities. (e.g. institutions to do with water, land, disastermanagement, education and public health issues)4.2.1.1 Needs/Expectations of StakeholdersThe expectations of the stakeholders were identified and presented in the table below:Table 1: Needs/Expectations of StakeholdersStakeholder Expectations/Interests2. Farmers Timely availability of agricultural inputs and services and at affordable price.Availability of appropriate agricultural support servicesAccess to credit and saving facilitiesEffective policy and regulatory frameworksExistence of efficient marketing systemAccess to information3 Fishers Availability of fishing gears and affordable priceAccess to credit and serving facilitiesExistence of efficient marketing systemConducive policy and regulatory frameworksAccess to information4.NGO’s andCBO’s.5. DonorsAgencies6. OtherGovernmentConducive policy legislative frame workInstitutional collaboration and networkingSupervision and coordinationLaw enforcementPolitical stabilityGood governance and political stabilityGood national and sector policies and conducive legal frameworks.Effective coordination and cooperationGovernment commitmentDevelopment assistance are effectively used as plannedClear demarcation and distribution of responsibilities.Good policy and regulatory guidelines10

Institutions7. Supplier anddistributors ofagriculturalinputs andservices8.Cooperators9.PrivateinvestorsGood Collaboration and networkingA firm policy statement on removal of government subsidiesStable policy guidelines and regulationsMarketing informationFair trading environmentPolicy guidelines and regulationsProduction and marketing informationLegislations and legal frame workAppropriate production, managerial and marketing skills.Investment incentivesInstitutional collaboration and networkingConducive policy and legal environment.Clear and transparent procedures to secure investment registrationPolitical stabilityAvailability of up to date and accurate agricultural informationGood investment incentives2.2.2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCANThe SWOT AnalysisThe SWOT analysis is an important tool for planning purposes which analyses the strengths,weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the institution. This tool will help the MALE toimplement its mandate effectively. The internal environmental scan examines the strengths andweaknesses while the external environmental scan examines opportunities and threats which arevariables outside the Ministry.A. Internal environmental ScanThe analysis of internal environmental scan, for the MALE is as follows:i) StrengthsStrengths are those internal factors that offer advantage in the provision of service to achieveMALE’s mission and objectives. This includes the following: Good institutional, policy and regulatory environment for private investment inagriculture Availability of local expertise in some areas Appropriate sector development strategies are on place Crosscutting issues (such as HIV/AIDS, environment, communication strategy, foodsecurity and other poverty reduction strategies) have been put into the mainstream of theMinistry’s activities.ii) WeaknessesWeaknesses are those internal factors that are obstacles to MALE’s performance. This includes: Low productivityagricultural inputs and services Low budget allocation from the governmentin agriculture production is associated with low use of modern11

Shortage of expertise in some area Insufficient publicity of existing policy and legislation governing the Zanzibar agricultureand related sectors Weak law enforcement mechanisms Inadequate transparency in recruitment, performance appraisal, placement andpromotional procedures Poor agricultural management information system Degradation of natural resources bases Poor marketing and quality control system Weak research, extension and veterinary services.B. External Environmental ScanThe analysis of external environmental scan which include opportunities and threats for theMALE is as follows:i) OpportunitiesOpportunities are the external factors that offer advantages to MALE’s performance. Thisincludes: Comparative advantage in production of some cash crops like cloves, copra, tropicalfruits, spices and essential oils Existing market opportunities of crop, livestock and marine products due expansion oftourism and for export Sufficient natural resources including underground water, unexploited marine resourcesoffshore and on shore water Increase global demand for organic spices There is a bright scope in investment in processing of fish and other agricultural produces Increase opportunity for investment in dairy and beef industry due to successfullyeradication of Tsetse fly Limited access to financial services for agriculture producers, fishers and cooperators Unpredictable weather condition; (including high variability of rainfall, floods anddroughts) Conducive policy and institutional frameworks.ii) ThreatsThreats are Challenges that if not addressed properly might inhibit MALE chances of achievingits mission and objectives. Land scarcity associated with population density Increased socio economic activities threaten the depletion of natural resources andenvironmental degradation Poor enforcement of land use plan Complex land tenure system Reduction of agricultural labour force caused by the HIV/AIDS pandemic, malaria anddrug abuse Disease and pests outbreak12

Declined demand for primary commodities in global markets Brain drain Low staff motivation Unreliable weather condition Low private sector investment Weak law enforcement mechanisms Negative perception towards agricultural activities as source of income.2.2.3 KEY ISSUESThe strategic plan for the 2008 -2010 period among other is set to address the following keyaspects: Weak extension and research services: MALE intends to address various weaknessesin the research and extension system through establishment of demand driven researchand Extension Services that are highly participatory in nature, carefully targeted to solvethe practical farmers’ problems. This will be done through initiation and supporting offarmer’s research groups and farmers’ field schools at various levels. Effort will also bemade to promote farmer to farmer extension method. Low quality products: MALE will encourage production of high quality crops, livestockand marine products and promote good post harvest handling practices to meet thestandard required to serve the need of tourist industry. Degradation of terrestrial and aquatic natural resources: The Ministry will continueto educate community on the conservation of both marine and terrestrial environment andmake use of existing community awareness to involve the community in combating theuse of destructive fishing gears and practices, and monitor the importation of fishingequipment. This effort will be complemented by strengthening regulatory and legislativesystem, effective monitoring, control, and surveillance system. The Ministry will alsopromote good land husbandry practices to prevent land degradation, soil erosion,depletion of water resources and deforestation. Natural resources management andenvironmental action plan will also be formulated, promoted and implemented incollaboration with other stakeholders. Inadequate access to credit facilities: Effort will be made to encourage the formationof rural saving and credit groups/associations to cater for the credit needs of smallholderfarmers, fishers and cooperators. The credit issue will also be an integral component formost of the future development projects formulated and implemented by the MALE. Land tenure system: Currently the Land Act No. 12 of 1992 is largely unknown to thepublic. This has negative implication on long-term investment in the sector. MALE willexert effort to make people aware of the existing laws especially those governing the landuse and ownership. Marketing System: The current marketing system for agricultural input and produce inZanzibar is riddle with various inadequacies, presently there is no formal commoditychain, The Ministry through ASSP and ASDP-L has made a special provision tocommence a comprehensive study to analyse the status of current agricultural marketingsystem and come-up with possible practical solution and way forward towards addressing13

the proposed recommendations. The outcome of the study will provide a convenient pointof departure towards tackling the existing inadequacies in agricultural marketing systemin a more professional manner. Outbreak of livestock diseases: The threats from Bird Flue and Rift Valley fever havereminded MALE on the need to strengthen its animal quarantine and veterinary servicesand enforcement of existing legislations and regulatory mechanisms in order to monitorand prevent the spread of livestock parasites and diseases. Low productivity in crops: MALE will collaborate with national, regional andinternational institutions in undertaking research and introduction of improved plant andanimal genetic materials, and import appropriate technologies in view of getting shortterm,high yielding and draught, disease and pest resistant varieties. The Ministry willalso promote crop- livestock integration as well as IPPM farming practices so as toconserve soil fertility, regulate pest infestation and sustain productivity. Weak management information system: The ministry will strengthen the agriculturalstatistic unit and support its activities, so as to collect reliable, adequate and timelystatistic and to generate information to serve as guide for managerial decision forallocation of the ministry resources. Spreading of HIV/AIDS: MALE will act effectively to compliment Government effortsin combating the spread of HIV/AIDS infection in work places. The Ministry isimplementing its strategic plan for mainstreaming HIV/AIDS activities into theMinistry’s core functions, so far several sensitization training are being conducted atvarious levels. Weak communication with stakeholders: MALE is expected to communicate itspolicies, programmes, and activities to its stakeholders who are varying in terms of thenature of their activities, know-how and needs. The ministry will implement itscommunication strategy where by the emphasis will be on improving internalcommunication among MALE’s staff to enhance their understanding on ministryactivities and enable them to interact affectively with people outside the ministry. MALEwill provide the farmers with the information they need to change their attitude towardsadopting improved technologies as well as to participate fully in promoting agriculturalsector development. MALE will also communicate with public to create a greaterunderstanding and support for achievement of MALE’s objectives.14

CHAPTER THREE3.0 VISION, MISSION OBJECTIVES, STRATEGIES AND TARGETS3.1 Vision StatementThe MALE’s vision is to see that by 2020 the Zanzibar Agriculture Sector is transformed intohighly diversified, commercially viable and competitive production entity while ensuring foodsecurity and ecologically sustainable environment.3.2 Mission StatementIn a view of creating effective collaboration with its stakeholders and creating conduciveenvironment for the Ministry to realize its vision; MALE’s activities will be directed towardsachieving the following mission:The MALE’s mission is to facilitate transformation of agricultural activities into commercialand sustainable production entities through creation of effective regulatory and institutionalmechanisms and effective delivery of production support services.3.3 Core ValuesThe MALE, mission and objectives will be executed within the framework of the following corevalues which will furnish as a driving motor towards achieving the envisaged vision: Participation Demand driven support services Team working Commitment Gender sensitive.3.4 OBJECTIVES1. Research, extension and other production related support services strengthened.2. Artisanal and deep sea fisheries in a sustainable manner strengthened.3. Livestock production services improved.4. Human resources capacity in various cadres within the Ministry mandates improved.5. Sustainable use of natural resources and environmental management promoted.15

6. Market efficiency improved so as to encourage private sector participation.7. Enabling environment for effective implementation of agriculture and related activitiescreated.8. Cooperators and Rural Communities Based Organizations (CBOs) empowered to participatefully in production activities.9. The individual, household and national food and nutrition security attained.10. The mainstreaming of crosscutting issues particularly HIV/AIDS and gender into theMALE’s functions intensified.3.4.1 RATIONALE FOR THE OBJECTIVESNo Objectives Rationale for the objectives1 Research, extension and The ultimate goal of Zanzibar’s Government from the agriculturalother production relatedperspective is to attain food security and reduce poverty, throughmodernisation and commercialization of the sector. Development ofsupportservices agricultural research and provision of production support servicesstrengthenedsuch as extension and credit service are among the tools to reach thisgoal. However, the present capacities in research and supportservices are inadequate to bring about the anticipated transformationof agriculture sector. Furthermore, the current inadequate finance forproductivity-enhancing inputs forcing the majority of smallholderfarmers to produce only for subsistence. Sustainable support servicesand research are therefore necessary for raising farm productivity.2 Artisanal and deep sea The increasing coastal population and associated increase of ruralfisheries in a sustainablemanner strengthened.unemployment increase the pressure on exploitation of marineresources. Therefore, there is a need to promote sustainable fishingpractices for the benefit of current and future generations.3 Livestock productionservices improved4 Human resources capacityin various cadres within theMinistryimproved.mandatesLivestock production remains an important economic sub-sector inZanzibar whose backbone is agriculture. Overall the sectorcontributes significantly to rural employment. This is attributedmainly to the introduction of dairy cattle from the seventies andtsetse eradication accomplished in 1997. The eradication of tsetsehas assured farmers to introduce improved dairy cattle. Moreover,the poorer rural household will be encouraged to participate inlivestock industry through the adoption of micro-livestockproduction such as cattle, poultry, goats and turkey for selfemployment, poverty reduction, and attain food security.MALE has a total of 3,458 employees assigned to its Commissionsand departments (Nominal roll 2007-8). However, only 10% have atleast certificate level qualifications. Additional trained manpower isneeded across the sector for the purpose of strengthening the MALE’scapability to implements its policies, programmes and projects.5. Sustainable use of natural Over exploitation of natural resources for example; the natural16

esources and environmentalmanagement promoted6 Market efficiency improvedso as to encourage privatesector participation.7 Enabling environment foreffective implementation ofagriculture and relatedactivities created.forestry, plantation and farm forestry has caused serious effects inthe conservation of natural resources. Many human activitiesdestruct the natural habitats for aquatic and terrestrial species.Therefore, there is a need to promote sustainable management ofenvironmental and natural resources.The current marketing system for agriculture inputs and produce islargely disorganised and there is no formal felieer (commoditychain). This situation offers disincentive for serious private sectorinvestment in production and marketing of agriculture produce andinputs.In order for agricultural development to take place creation of anenabling environment is important to increase the participation ofsmall holder farmers, fishers as well as encouraging large scaleactivities and investment in agriculture by the private sector. Thiswill require that MALE review outdated policies and legislationswith the aim of providing favourable environment for effectiveimplementation of agriculture and related activities.8 Cooperators and RuralCommunitiesOrganizationsBased(CBOs)empowered to participatefully in productionactivities9 The individual, householdand national food andnutrition security attained,10 The mainstreaming ofcrosscuttingissuesparticularly HIV/AIDS andgender issues into theMALE’sintensifiedfunctionsThe agricultural and fisheries provides most prevailing of the CBO’sin rural areas where the farming and fishing activities are thedominants production activities, therefore if adequately capacitatedCBO’s can play important role in mobilisation of communityparticipation in production and conservation of natural resource intheir respective areas. Apart from being the main source ofemployment creation cooperatives can act as a forum for enhancingwomen participation, formulation and implementation of agriculturalrelated activities.Low productivity is among the basic causes of high incidence ofchronic under nutrition and food insecurity. Slow gains inproductivity usually lead to insufficient surpluses from domesticproduction to meet the needs of growing population. Therefore, anincrease in volumes of food and commercial crops, fish andlivestock products is important to enable the agricultural sector tocontribute ensuring food and nutrition security.Women contribute 60 to 80 percent of labour in agriculturalproduction and contribute the largest proportion of the labour inreproductive household activities. Typically, women work longerhours than men. This contributes to their poorer health andnutritional status. Men, who are traditionally considered heads ofhouseholds, have greater access to land, credit and extensionservices. In light of the above, interventions for agriculturaldevelopment are likely to affect men and women differently. Aneffective gender approach in designing and implementinginterventions in agriculture will need to take these differences intoconsideration.HIV/AIDS and Malaria are major health problems that have severe17

effect on agricultural development. Available studies have shownthat HIV/AIDS affect the younger population mostly in the range of16-49 years. This population group is the most productive andimportant in terms of its contribution to agricultural development.To realize the agricultural potential it is therefore essential to reducethe rate of new infections among MALE’s workforce and its entirecommunity of farmers, fishermen and other stakeholders,3.4.2 STRATEGIES FOR THE OBJECTIVESObjective 1:The capacity of the sectors in research, extension and other production related support servicesstrengthened.Strategies: Rehabilitating research stations and provide facilities for both on station and on farm researchactivities Promoting participatory and demand driven approach in research and service delivery Developing adequate performance based incentives package to extension and research staff Strengthening sustainable management of pests/parasites and diseases for both crop and livestocksub sectors Reviewing participatory agricultural research master plan Developing extension vision to guide the implementation of effective extension servicedelivery Designing and developing a sustainable agronomic and other packages affordable to smallholderfarmers including promotion of crop livestock integration Adopting the use of animal power in farm work Advocating for private public sector participation in provision of research and extensionservices. Promoting sustainable credit service delivery to smallholders.Objective 2:Artisanal and deep sea fisheries in a sustainable manner strengthenedStrategies: Upgrading professional knowledge of the fisheries sector Creating community awareness on the need for sustainable fishing and conservation of marineresources18

Creating enabling environment to access credit facilities for purchasing of modern fishingequipments to enable fishers operate in offshore fishing ground Assessing fish stock in the off shore and inshore water and Strengthening ParticipatoryMonitoring Control and Surveillance (PMCS) Promoting the aquaculture to diversifying income sources Improving post harvesting handling.Objective 3:Livestock production services improved.Strategies: Strengthening animal quarantine services and control of transboundary diseases Updating regulatory framework on livestock products and byproducts Promoting group based livestock demand driven interventions Enhancing Client Oriented Demand Management (CODEMA) in research & extensionservices to livestock keepers Ensuring Veterinary Investigation Centre (VIC), Nutrition Laboratory and ArtificialInsemination Centre (AIC) are in sound operation Ensuring heifers multiplication, pasture and goats production units operate effectivelyObjective 4:Human resources capacity in various cadres within the Ministry mandates improvedStrategies: Improving human resources capacity Increase the number of skilled and technically competent staff Preparing resource mobilizing plan for internal and external training.Objective 5:Sustainable use of natural resources and environmental management promotedStrategies: Promoting research on sustainable use of natural resources and environmental management Integrating the principle of sustainable development into policies and programs projects Strengthening environmental education programme Promoting integrated biodiversity conservation19

Enhancing wood fuel production and management Enhancing capacity of actors and stakeholders on natural resources management.Objective 6:Market efficiency improved so as to encourage private sector participationStrategies: Improving, creating and enforcing regulations, procedures and guidelines related to marketingof agricultural and fisheries inputs and produce Strengthening institutional capability to address issues related to agricultural trade andmarketing Strengthening agricultural market intelligence and information system Encouraging private sector participation in production and supply of production services.Objective 7:Enabling environment for effective implementation of agriculture and related activities created.Strategies: Reviewing existing regulatory frame work of MALE’s sectors Formulating new regulatory frame work of MALE’s sectors Publicizing all MALE’s policies and laws Strengthening collaboration between MALE and the corresponding ministries of the UnitedRepublic of Tanzania (URT) and other national and international institutions.Objective 8:Cooperators and Rural Communities Based Organizations (CBOs) empowered to participatefully in production activitiesStrategies: Preparing programme for empowerment of rural community using participatory approach Conducting study to identify factors constraining the development of CBOs and cooperativesectors in Zanzibar Building the capacity of CBOs and cooperators through provision of training, and supportservices20

Mobilizing CBOs and its members for self help, cost sharing and saving Assuring sustainability of CBOs and cooperatives through continuous adoption of aparticipatory M&E approach Up-scaling the operations of SACCOS and other community groups and facilitate theirlinkage to formal financial institutions Strengthening the capacity of institution supervising the operations of SACCOS.Objective 9:The individual, household and national food and nutrition security attained.Strategies: Strengthening crop monitoring and early warning system Identifying socio-economic and physical constraints on production, marketing and processingof agricultural products Advocating Food Security and Nutrition Policy and programme Advocating and implementing Irrigation Master-plan.Objective 10:The mainstreaming of crosscutting issues particularly HIV/AIDS and gender issues into theMALE’s functions intensifiedStrategies: Empowering rural women and include them in planning, design, implementation and M&E ofagricultural development projects to increase sustainability of the projects Increasing number of women with access to Extension services and credit Comprehensive impact assessment study of HIV&AIDS on Agriculture sector Intensifying HIV/AIDS sensitization programme to staff and other MALE’s stakeholders Review Agriculture HIV& AIDS Strategy Plan.3.4.3 TARGETS FOR THE OBJECTIVESObjective 1:The capacity of the sectors in Research, extension and other production related support servicesstrengthenedTargets:21

Research stations and sub-stations rehabilitated by 2010 Research facilities including laboratory and field equipment procured and installed by2009 Client oriented and participatory research and extension delivery system adopted by2010 Three awareness training sessions for both service providers and farmers conducted by2009 Five (5) Research and extension staff received training annually by 2009 Participation of two staff in research conferences annually facilitated by 2009 Performance based incentive package designed, developed and provided by 2009 IPPM approach in managing pest and diseases fully adopted by 2009 Agricultural research master plan reviewed by 2008 Extension vision developed by the end of 2008 Appropriate agronomic packages developed participatorily and distributed to farmers forapplication by 2009 An inventory of agriculture research reports prepared and documented by 2009 Short term trainings on the use of animal power to farm work conducted to twenty (20)extension workers in every district by 2010 Two fully equipped oxenization centers established by 2010 Two forums organized for both private and public service providers per year per districtby 2009 One stakeholder workshop conducted annually by 2009 in every district to fostereffective participation of NGOs and farmer organizations The credit needs/ demand assessment in agriculture and rural sector conducted by 2009 Credit guarantees schemes developed by 2010.Objective 2:Artisanal and deep sea fisheries in a sustainable manner strengthened.Targets: Research trainings for three (3) staff offered by 2010 Six staff in research conferences participated by 2011 Six awareness meetings in each coastal Shehia conducted by 2010 Two hundred (200) pieces of environmentally safe fishing gears provided to thecommunities by 201022

A workable linkage mechanism between Microfinance Institutions in place by 2009 National fishers associations established and become member in the Zanzibar Chamberof Commence, Industry and Agriculture by 2010 A comprehensive fish stock assessment survey conducted by 2010 Data collection improved by 2008 Thirty (30) fisheries patrols conducted by 2010 Illegal incidences reduced by 2/3 by 2011 Ten community groups supported by 2010 Three (3) fish markets supported by 2010 Market infrastructures for fishery products improved by 2010.Objective 3:Livestock production services improvedTargets: Kisakasaka Quarantine Station at Unguja rehabilitated by 2009 A new quarantine station established in Pemba by 2010 Effective mechanism of controlling the entry of livestock and livestock products in allmajor entry points in place by 2009 Quality control rules and legislations on livestock products and byproducts reviewed by2010 Smallholders livestock development project developed by 2010 Private sector operators involved in delivering of livestock services and inputs increasedannually by 5% by 2010 Two pilot bio-gas plants for training farmers in place by 2009 Appropriate animal production technology packages generated and disseminated tolivestock keepers by 2010 Farmers field schools for livestock keepers operationalised by the end of 2008 Ten (10) department staff receive long term trainings at the levels of Diploma, BSc, MScand PhD annually Dairy farmers and exotic breed poultry keeper’s inventory undertaken by 2009 The existing Veterinary Investigation Centers (VIC) and Nutrition Laboratory rehabilitatedby 2009 The Artificial Insemination Centre (AIC) renovated and operationilised by 200923

New liquid nitrogen plant and Artificial Insemination (AI) bulls in place by 2009 Two heifers’ multiplication units (Pangeni and Chamanangwe) rehabilitated and restockedby 2009 Sheep and goats at Kitumba Farm renovated and restocked by 2010.Objective 4:Human resources capacity in various cadres within the Ministry mandates improved.Targets: A comprehensive Training Needs Assessment (TNA) developed by 2009 Staff training according to TNA reports provided by 2010 Skilled personnel as per the result of TNA recruited by 2010 Resource mobilizing plan prepared by 2009 Ministry budget for staff training increased according to resources mobilizing plan by2010 KATI budget increased according to resource mobilizing plan by 2010.Objective 5:Sustainable use of natural resources and environmental management promoted.Targets: Four (4) research studies on emerging environmental threats on both terrestrial andmarine environment conducted by 2010 Research and extension services on cash crops and forestry promoted by 2010 Environmental assessment applied to 70% of the established relevant developmentprojects by 2010 Management guidelines of non-renewable natural resource developed and adopted by2010 Two (2) pilot areas for management of quarry sites established by 2010 Plastic bags legally phased out by 2009 Twenty (20) TV and radio programmes on management of environment produced by2010 Fifty thousands (50,000) copies of Information Education and Communication materialson environmental management issues prepared and distributed to all district by 201024

Ten (10) forums for civil society, public institutions and other stakeholders onenvironmental management issues organised to all district by 2010 Strategies and Action Plan for the Integrated Coastal Zone Management prepared andlaunched by 2010 Strategies for biodiversity conservation developed by 2010 Population of Indian house crow reduced to 70% of the present population by 2010 Forestry and marine protected areas unified into Zanzibar protected areas system by 2010 Participatory management agreements around forest protected areas increased by 50% by2010 Potential features for ecotourism in and around protected areas developed by 2009 Legal forest classification system for effective management of forest reserves in place by2011 Local wood fuel supply increased by 20% by 2010 Alternative source to wood-fuel (such as liquid petroleum gas, natural gas etc), promotedand adopted by 2010 Farm and off-farm income linkages and opportunities promoted and diversified by 2010 Motivation plan for forestry actors and stakeholders developed by 2010 The existing physical structures of the institution upgraded by 2010 Forestry related early warning and response system adopted by 2010.Objective 6:Market efficiency improved so as to encourage private sector participation.Targets: Relevant and effective marketing regulatory mechanisms established by 2009 Awareness creation programme on production of commodities with comparativeadvantages developed by 2010 Forty (40) resource mobilization trainings for developing appropriate marketinginfrastructures provided to all Districts by 2009 One (1) short-term training and two (2) study tours to Tanzania mainland to learn on howto collect, analyze and disseminate market information conducted by 2009 The MALE’s agricultural statistical unit strengthened by 2009 Annual crop yield surveys carried by 2010 Regular studies and surveys carried by 2010 Six (6) stakeholders’ meetings to foster private sector participation conducted by 201025

Six (6) regular TV and radio programmes produced by 2009 Agro-processing Promotion Programme in place by 2008Objective 7:Enabling environment for effective implementation of agriculture and related activities created.Targets: Agriculture Sector Policy 2002 reviewed by 2009 Forestry Policy reviewed by 2010 Long term Forestry Management Plan reviewed by 2009 Forestry Act and regulation reviewed by 2010 The Fisheries Act No. 8 of 1988 reviewed and amended by 2009 Environmental Policy and Act of 1996 reviewed by 2010 Cooperative Society Acts No 4 of 1986 and its amendment reviewed by 2010. Cooperative development policy formulated by 2008 Policies and programes to protect the remaining agricultural lands in place by 2010 Rural financial policy formulated by 2009 All MALE’s Policies and Laws printed and distributed to stakeholders at all levels by2009 Twenty (20) TV, radio programmes to publicize MALE’s policies and laws in place by2011 Six collaborative meetings between MALE and the respective Ministries/Institutions ofURT conducted by 2011 Effective system of holding regular meeting between MALE and MTTI, MWCEL andthe like established and operationalised by 2009.Objective 8:Cooperators and Rural Communities Based Organizations (CBOs) empowered to participatefully in production activitiesTargets: Programme for empowerment of rural community organization in place by 2009 A comprehensive study to identify factors constraining the development of CBOs andcooperative sectors in Zanzibar conducted by 2010 Skill capacity of 20% of the CBOs and cooperators enhanced 2011 The number CBOs registered increased by 20% by 201026

The annual budget allocated for follow up, monitoring and evaluation of CBOs andcooperatives activities increased by 20% by 2009 All registered CBOs and cooperatives received annual auditing services by 2011 CBOs, Cooperative and SACCOS informed on the existence and effective use microfinanceschemes by 2011 The number of SACCOS and other form of cooperatives groups increased by 30% by2011 Three (3) long-term training to department staff provided annually.Objective 9:The individual, household and national food and nutrition security attained.Targets: Effective crop monitoring and early warning system in place 2009 Short and long term trainings to three (3) staff provided by 2011 A comprehensive study to identify constraints on production, marketing and processingof agricultural products conducted by 2009 The Food Security Policy and Implementation Plan and Food Security and NutritionAction Plan in place by 2008 Four hundred and Fifty hectors (450ha) of developed irrigation schemes rehabilitated by2010 Two hundred hectors (200ha) developed for irrigation schemes by 2010 Nine (9) staff of the Department of Irrigation receive long term courses and ten (10)receive short term training by 2010 Research on water management and rain water harvesting conducted by 2009 Skill capacity of all heads of water user association enhanced by 2011.Objective 10:The mainstreaming of crosscutting issues particularly HIV/AIDS and gender issues into theMALE’s functions intensified.Targets: One awareness creation campaign meeting for every district to advocate for greaterinvolvement of women in planning and implementation of agricultural developmentactivities conducted by 2009 Number of women involved in designing implementations and M&E increased annually27

y 2010 The number of female enrolment at Kizimbani Agriculture Training (KATI) Instituteincreased by 30% by 2010 Comprehensive impact assessment study of HIV&AIDS on Agriculture sectorconducted by 2008 Forty eight (48) training sessions on HIV/AIDS to staff and other MALE’s Stakeholdersprovided by 2010 Agriculture HIV& AIDS Strategic Plan reviewed by 2009.28

Annex 1 Objectives Strategies and Targets MatrixObjectives Strategies for the objectives Targets ResponsibleDivision/Unit1. Research,extension andotherproductionrelated supportservicesstrengthened1.1 Rehabilitating researchstations and providefacilities for both onstation and on farmresearch activities1.2 Promoting participatoryand demand drivenapproach in research andservice delivery.1.3 Developing adequateperformance basedincentives package toextension and researchstaff.1.4 Strengthening sustainablemanagement ofpests/parasites anddiseases for both crop andlivestock sub sectors.1.5 Reviewing participatoryagricultural research1.1.1 Research stations and sub-stationsrehabilitated by 2010.1.1.2 Research facilities including laboratoryand field equipment procured and installedby 20091.2.1 Client oriented and participatory researchand extension delivery system adopted by20101.2.2 Three awareness training sessions for bothservice providers and farmers conducted by2009.1.2.3 Five (5) Research and extension staffreceived training annually by 2009.1.2.4 Participation of two staff in researchconferences annually facilitated by 20091.3.1 Performance based incentive packagedesigned, developed and provided by 20091.4.1 IPPM approach in managing pest anddiseases fully adopted by 20091.5.1 Agricultural research master plan reviewedby 2008CARECARECARE & DPPKey PerformanceIndicatorsNumbers of research stationrehabilitatedNo. of levorotatory and fieldequipments procuredNo. of levorotatory and fieldequipments installedNo. of participatory researchConducted.No. of training sessionsconductedNo. of Research and Ext.Staff trainedNo. of staff participated inResearch conferences.Performance based incentivepackage documentNo. of staff receivedPerformance incentivepackageCARE No. of farmers receivedtraining on IPPMNo. of farmer groupsadopting IPPMCAREAgricultural research masterplan reviewed document29

master plan;1.6 Developing extensionvision to guide theimplementation ofeffective extensionservice delivery1.7 Designing and developinga sustainable agronomicand other packagesaffordable to small-holderfarmers includingpromotion of croplivestock integration1.8 Adopting the use of animalpower in farm work.1.9 Advocating for privatepublic sector participationin provision of researchand extension services.1.10 Promotingsustainable credit servicedelivery to smallholders.1.6.1 Extension vision developed by the end of2008.1.7.1 Appropriate agronomic packages developedparticipatorily and distributed to farmers forapplication by 20091.7.2 An inventory of agriculture research reportsprepared and documented by 20091.8.1 Short term trainings on the use of animalpower to farm work conducted to twenty (20)extension workers in every district by 2010.1.8.2 Two fully equipped oxenization centersestablished by 2010.1.9.1 Two forums organized for both private and publicservice providers per year per district by 20091.9.2 One stakeholder workshop conducted annuallyby 2009 in every district to foster effectiveparticipation of NGOs and Farmer organizations.1.10.1 The credit needs/ demand assessment inagriculture and rural sector conducted by 20091.10.2 Credit guarantees schemes developed by2010.CARE& DPPCARECARE&DLDCARE& DPPDPPExtension vision documentNo. of agronomic packagesdevelopedNo. of developed agronomicpackages distributed tofarmersNo. of Extension officetrained on the use of animalpower.No. of oxenization centersestablished.No. equipment at the OxcentersNo. of forum conducted perdistrict.No. of stakeholders w/shopconducted per district per year.Credit need AssessmentreportCredit guarantees schemes inplace2. Artisanaland deep seafisheries in a2.1 Upgrading professionalknowledge of the fisheriessector.2.1.1Research trainings for three (3) staffs offeredby 2010.CARENo. research staff trainedNo. of staff participate in30

sustainablemannerstrengthened.2.2 Creating communityawareness on the need forsustainable fishing andconservation of marineresources2.3 Creating enablingenvironment to access creditfacilities for purchasing ofmodern fishing equipments toenable fishers operate inoffshore fishing ground2.4 Assessing fish stock inthe off shore and inshorewater and StrengtheningParticipatory MonitoringControl and Surveillance(PMCS).2.5 Promoting the aquacultureto diversifying incomesources.2.6 Improving post harvestinghandling.2.1.2 Six (6) staff participate in researchconferences participated by 2011.2.2.1 Six (6) awareness meetings in each coastalShehia conducted by 2010.2.2.2 Two hundred (200) pieces of environmentallysafe fishing gears provided to the communities by2010.2.3.1 A workable linkage mechanism betweenfishers, farming community and MicrofinanceInstitutions in place by 2009.2.3.2 National fishers associations established andbecome member in the Zanzibar Chamber ofCommence, Industry and Agriculture by 2010.2.4.1 A comprehensive fish stock assessment surveyconducted by 2010.2.4.2 Data collection improved by 2008.2.4.3 Thirty (30) fisheries patrols conducted by2010.2.4.4 Illegal incidences reduced by 2/3 by 2011DFMRDFMR & DPPDFMRresearch conferencesNo. awareness meetings ineach coastal ShehiaPieces of environmentallysafe fishing gears provided tothe communitiesNo. of MFIs agreed to servefarming communityNational fishers associationsestablished and RegisteredNational fishers associationsJoin the Zanzibar Chamber ofCommence, Industry andAgriculture.Survey resultsNo. of patrol conductedNo of illegal fishingincidences reported2.5.1 Ten community groups supported by 2010 DFMR No of Community groupssupported to practiceaquaculture.2.6.1 Market infrastructures for fishery productsimproved by 2010.DFMRNo. of fish Market supportedNo. of fish Market received31

3. Livestockproductionservicesimproved3.1 Strengthening animalquarantine services andcontrol of transboundarydiseases,3.1.1 Kisakasaka Quarantine Station at Ungujarehabilitated by 2009.3.1.2 A new quarantine station established in Pembaby 2010.DLDmarketing infrastructureNo of Building renovatedEquipment and facilitiesinstalledNew quarantine station3.2 Updating regulatoryframework on livestockproducts and byproducts.3.3 Promoting group basedlivestock demand driveninterventions3.4 Enhancing ClientOrientedDemandManagement (CODEMA) inresearch & extension servicesto livestock keepers.3.1.3 Effective mechanism of controlling the entryof livestock and livestock products in all majorentry points in place by 2009.3.2.1 Quality control rules and legislations onlivestock products and byproducts reviewed by2010.3.3.1 Smallholders livestock development projectdeveloped by 2010.3.4.1 Private sector operators involved in deliveringof livestock services and inputs increased annuallyby 5% by 2010.3.4.2 Two (2) pilot bio-gas plants for trainingfarmers in place by 2009.No. livestock inspected staffplaced in quaDLD Reviewed quality controlrules and legislations onlivestock products andbyproductsDLD&DPP No. of Smallholders livestockdevelopment projectsdevelopedDLDNo of private sector operatorsin delivering of livestocksupport servicesDLDNo of biogas plants installed3.4.3 Appropriate animal production technologypackages generated and disseminated to livestockkeepers by 2010.3.4.4 Farmers field schools for livestock keepersoperationalized by the end of 2008.3.4.5 Ten (10) department staff receive long termtrainings at the levels of Diploma, BSc, MSc andDLD&CAREDLDDPPAnimal productiontechnology packagesdeveloped and disseminatedNo of FFS establishedNo of DLD staff receivedlong term trainings32

PhD annually.3.5 Ensuring VeterinaryInvestigation Centre (VIC),Nutrition Laboratory andArtificial Insemination Centre(AIC) are in sound operation.3.4.6 Dairy farmers and exotic breed poultrykeeper’s inventory undertaken by 2009.3.5.1 The existing Veterinary Investigation Centers(VIC) and Nutrition Laboratory rehabilitated by2009.3.5.2 The Artificial Insemination Centre (AIC)renovated and operationalised by 2009.DLDDLDDLDInventory of Dairy farmersand exotic breed poultrykeeper’sVIC and Nutrition LaboratoryrehabilitatedAIC renovatedNo of inseminators recruitedNo of cows inseminated3.5.3 New liquid nitrogen plant and ArtificialInsemination (AI) bulls in place by 2009.DLDNew Liquid Nitrogen plantinstalledNo of AI bulls bought4. Humanresourcescapacity invarious cadreswithin theMinistrymandates3.6 Ensuring heifers’multiplication, pasture andgoats production units operateeffectively.4.1 Improving humanresources capacity.4.2 Increase the number ofskilled and technicallycompetent staff.3.6.1 Two heifers’ multiplication units (Pangeni andChamanangwe) rehabilitated and restocked by 2009.3.6.2 Sheep and goats at Kitumba Farm renovatedand restocked by 2010.4.1.1 A comprehensive Training Needs Assessmentdeveloped by 2009.4.2.1 Staff training according to TNA reportsprovided by 2010.DLDDLDDPPDPPNo of Multiplication Unitsrehabilitatedsize of breeding stockincreasedSize of breeding stockincreasedNo of Multiplication UnitsrehabilitatedTNA DocumentNo. of staff trained33

improved.4.2.2 Skilled personnel as per the result of TNArecruited by 2010.DPPNo. of Skilled personnelrecruited5. Sustainableuse of naturalresources andenvironmentalmanagementpromoted4.3 Preparing resourcemobilizing plan for internaland external training.5.1 Promoting research onsustainable use of naturalresources and environmentalmanagement.5.2 Integrating the principleof sustainable developmentinto policies and programsprojects4.3.1 Resource mobilizing plan prepared by 2009.4.3.2 Ministry budget for staff training increasedaccording to resources mobilizing plan by 2010.4.3.3 KATI budget increased according to resourcemobilizing plan by 2010.5.1.1 Four (4) research studies on emergingenvironmental threats on both terrestrial and marineenvironment conducted by 2010.5.1.2 Research and extension services on cash cropand forestry promoted by 2010.5.2.1 Environmental assessment applied to 70% ofthe established relevant development projects by2010.5.2.2 Management guidelines of non-renewablenatural resource developed and adopted by 2010.DPPDPPDPPCAREDE & DCCFFDCCFFDEDEResource mobilization planDocument.Percentage increase of budgetallocated/disbursed for stafftraining.Percentage increase of budgetallocated/disbursed for KATI.No. of research conductedNo. of Research andextension massage/packagesdisseminated to farmersPercentage of developmentprojects assessed in terms oftheir impact on environmentManagementdocumentguidelines5.2.3 Two (2) pilot areas for management of quarrysites established by 2010.DENo. of pilot Quarrying sitesestablished5.2.4 Plastic bags legally phased out by 2009.DEExistence of legal proceduresfor phasing out plastic bagsUse of plastic bags34

5.3 Strengtheningenvironmental educationprogramme.5.3.1 Twenty (20) TV and radio programme onmanagement of environment produced by 2010.5.3.2 Fifty thousands (50,000) copies of InformationEducation and Communication materials onenvironmental management issues prepared anddistributed to all district by 2010.DE&DCCFFDE&DCCFFNo. of TV and radioprogramme on managementof environmentNo of copies produced5.4 Promoting integratedbiodiversity conservation.5.3.3 Ten (10) forums for civil society, publicinstitutions and other stakeholders on environmentalmanagement issues organised to all district by 2010.5.4.1 Strategies and Action Plan for the IntegratedCoastal Zone Management prepared and launchedby 2010.DEDE &DFMRNo. of Forum conductedStrategies and Action Plan forthe Integrated Coastal ZoneManagement document andlaunching report5.4.2 Strategies for biodiversity conservationdeveloped by 2010.DE&DCCFFDocument of biodiversityconservation Strategies5.4.3 Population of Indian house crow reduced to70% of the present population by 2010.DEPercentage reduction ofIndian house crow5.4.4 Forestry and marine protected areas unifiedinto Zanzibar protected areas system by 2010.DE&DCCFFNo. of Unified protectedareas established,5.4.5 Participatory management agreements aroundforest protected areas increased by 50% by 2010.DE&DCCFFNo. participatory forestrymanagement agreements.5.4.6 Potential features for ecotourism in and aroundprotected areas developed by 2009.DE&DCCFFNo of potential features forecotourism in and aroundprotected areas developed.5.4.7 Legal forest classification system for effectivemanagement of forest reserves in place by 2011.DE&DCCFFLegal forest classificationsystem established35

5.5 Enhancing wood fuelproductionandmanagement.5.6 Enhancing capacity ofactors and stakeholders onnaturalresourcesmanagement.5.5.1 Local wood fuel supply increased by 20% by2010.5.5.2 Alternative source to wood-fuel (such as liquidpetroleum gas, natural gas etc.) promoted andadopted by 2010.5.6.1 Farm and off-farm income linkages andopportunities promoted and diversified by 2010.5.6.2 Motivation plan for forestry actors andstakeholders developed by 2010.DCCFFDCCFF&MWECDCCFF, DFMR,DLD &CAREDCCFFPercentage increase of localwood fuel supplyRate of use of alternativesource of wood fuelRanges of Incomeopportunities promotedMotivation Plan document5.6.3The existing physical structures of theinstitution upgraded by 2010.DCCFFUpgraded physical structures5.6.4 Forestry related early warning and responsesystem adopted by 2010.DCCFFForestry related early warningand response system adopted6. Marketefficiencyimproved soas toencourageprivate sectorparticipation.6.1 Improving, creating andenforcing regulations,procedures and guidelinesrelated to marketing ofagricultural and fisheriesinputs and produce.6.2 Strengtheninginstitutional capability toaddress issues related toagricultural trade andmarketing.6.3 Strengthening agriculturalmarket intelligence and6.1.1 Relevant and effective marketing regulatorymechanisms established by 2009.6.2.1 Awareness creation programme on productionof commodities with comparative advantagesdeveloped by 2010.6.2.2 Forty (40) resource mobilization trainings fordeveloping appropriate marketing infrastructuresprovided to all Districts by 2009.6.3.1 One (1) short-term training and two (2) studytours to Tanzania mainland to lean on how to collectDPP Effective marketingregulatory mechanismsestablishedDPPDPPDPPAwareness creationprogramme developedNo. of Resource mobilizationtraining.No. of short-term training andstudy tours conducted36

information system. analyze and disseminate market informationconducted by 2009.6.3.2 The MALE agricultural statistical unitstrengthened by 2009.DPP&CAREStatistic equipments andfacilities procured6.4 Encouraging privatesector participation inproduction and supply ofproduction services.6.3.3 Annual crop yield surveys carried by 2010.6.3.4 Regular studies and surveys carried by 2010.6.4.1 Six (6) stakeholders’ meetings to foster privatesector participation conducted by 2010.6.4.2 Six (6) regular TV and radio programmesproduced by 2009.DPP&CAREDPPDPPDPPCrop Development and yieldsurveys carriedNo. of stakeholders’ meetingsconductedNo. of TV and radioprogrammes produced7. Enablingenvironmentfor effectiveimplementation ofagricultureand relatedactivitiescreated.7.1 Reviewing existingregulatory frame work ofMALE’s sectors6.4.3 Agro-processing Promotion Programme inplace by 2008.7.1.1 Agriculture Sector Policy 2002 reviewed by20097.1.2 Forestry Policy reviewed by 2010.7.1.3 Long term Forestry Management Planreviewed by 2009.7.1.4 Forestry Act and regulation reviewed by 20107.1.5 The Fisheries Act No. 8 of 1988 reviewed andamended by 2009.DPPDPPDPP&DCCFFDCCFFDPP&DCCFFDPP&DFMRAgro-processing PromotionProgramme implementedReviewed Agriculture SectorPolicyReviewed Forestry PolicyReviewed Long term ForestryManagement PlanForestry Act and regulationreviewedReviewed and amendedFisheries Act No. 8 of 19887.1.6 Environmental Policy and Act of 1996Reviewed by 2010.DPP&DEReviewed EnvironmentalPolicy and Act of 199637

7.2 Formulating newregulatory frame work ofMALE’s sectors.7.1.7 Cooperative Society Acts No. 4 of 1986 andits amendment reviewed by 2010.7.2.1 Cooperative development policy formulatedby 2008.7.2.2 Policies and programmes to protect theremaining agricultural lands in place by 2010.DCD&DPP Reviewed CooperativeSociety Acts No. 4 of 1986and its amendmentDPP&DCD Cooperative Dev. PolicydocumentDPP&CAREPolicies and programmeprepared.7.2.3 Rural financial policy formulated by 2009.DPPRural Financial PolicyDocument7.2.3 Progress report produced annually.DPPProgress Report7.3 Publicizing all MALEpolicies and laws.7.2.4 MALE’s SP reviewed by 2011.7.3.1 All MALE’s policies and laws printed anddistributed to stakeholders at all levels by 2009.DPPDPPReviewed MALE Strategicplan.Policies and laws Printed anddistributed7.4 Strengtheningcollaboration between MALEand the correspondingministries of the UnitedRepublic of Tanzania (URT)and other national andinternational institutions.7.3.2 Twenty (20) TV, radio programmes topublicize MALE’s policies and laws in place by2011.7.4.1 Six collaborative meetings between MALEand the respective Ministries/Institutions of URTconducted by 2011.7.4.2 Effective system of holding regular meetingbetween MALE and MTTI, MWCEL and the likeestablished and operationalised by 2009.DPPDPPDPPNo. of TV & RadioProgramme to PublicizePolicies and lawsNo. of collaboration meetingsconductedPolicies and laws Published8.Cooperatorsand Rural8.1 Preparing programme forempowerment of ruralcommunityusing8.1.1 Programme for empowerment of ruralcommunity organization in place by 2009.DCDProgramme document.38

CommunitiesBasedOrganizations(CBOs)empowered toparticipatefullyproductionactivities.inparticipatory approach.8.2 Conducting study toidentify factors constrainingthe development of CBOsand cooperative sectors inZanzibar.8.3 Building the capacity ofCBOs and cooperatorsthrough provision of training,and support services.8.4 Mobilizing CBO’s and itsmembers for self help, costsharing and saving.8.5 Assuring sustainability ofCBO’s and cooperativesthrough continuous adoptionof a participatory M&Eapproach.8.6 Up-scaling the operationsof SACCOS and othercommunity groups andfacilitate their linkage toformal financial institutions.8.7 Strengthening thecapacity of institutionsupervising the operations ofSACCOS.8.2.1 A comprehensive study to identify factorsconstraining the development of CBOs andcooperative sectors in Zanzibar conducted by 2010.8.3.1 Skill capacity of 20% of the CBOs andcooperators enhanced 2011.8.4.1The number CBOs registered increased by20% by 201.8.5.1 The annual budget allocated for follow up,monitoring and evaluation of CBOs andcooperatives activities increased by 20% by 2009.8.5.2 All registered CBOs and cooperatives receivedannual auditing services by 2011.8.5.3 CBOs, Cooperative and SACCOS informed onthe existence and effective use micro-financeschemes by 2011.8.6.1 The number of SACCOS and other form ofcooperatives groups increased by 30% by 2011.8.7.1 Provide three long-term training to departmentstaff annually.DCDStudy reportDCD No. of advisory visitsconducted to CBOs andcooperatives.DCD Percentage increase ofregistered CBO’sDCDPercentage increase of budgetallocated for follow up,monitoring and evaluationDCDPercentage of Cooperativeaudited annuallyDCD% of CBOs, Cooperative andSACCOS informed on theexistence and effective usemicro-finance schemes.DCD Percentage increases ofSACCOS and other form ofcooperativesDCD & DPPNo. of staff trained9. The 9.1 Strengthening crop 9.1.1 Effective crop monitoring and early warning DPP No. of field (crop39

individual,household andnational foodand nutritionsecurityattainedmonitoring and early warningsystem.9.2 Identifying socioeconomicand physicalconstraints on production,marketing and processing ofagricultural products.9.3 Advocating Food Securityand Nutrition Policy andprogramme.9.4 Advocating andimplementing IrrigationMaster-plan.system in place 20099.1.2 Short and long term trainings to 3 staffprovided by 2011.9.2.1 A comprehensive study to identify constraintson production, marketing and processing ofagricultural products conducted by 2009.9.3.1 The Food Security and Policy ImplementationPlan and Food Security and Nutrition Action Plan inPlace by 2008.9.3.2 Two (2) short term trainings to three (3) staffprovided by 2009.9.3.3 Office and field equipments provided by 2009.9.4.1 Four hundred and Fifty hectors (450 ha) ofdeveloped irrigation schemes rehabilitated by 2010;9.4.2 Two hundred hectors (200 ha) developed forirrigation schemes by 2010.DPPDPPDPPDPPDPPDIDIdevelopment and yieldsurveys)No. of staff trainedStudy documentImplementation Alan andAction Plan documents.No. Staff trainedEquipments procuredNo. of hectors of developedirrigation schemesrehabilitatedNo. of hectors developed forirrigation9.4.3 Nine (9) staff of the Department of Irrigationreceived long term courses and 10 received shortterm training by 2010.DINo. of staff trained10. Themainstreaming of10.1 Empowering ruralwomen and include them inplanning,design,9.4.4 Research on water management and rain waterharvesting; conducted by 2009.9.4.5 Skill capacity of all heads of water userassociation enhanced by 2011.10.1.1 One awareness creation campaign meetingfor every district to advocate for greaterinvolvement of women in planning andDIDIDPPResearch conductedNo. of training sessionsconducted schemesrehabilitatedAwareness creation campaignmeetings conducted.40

crosscuttingissuesparticularlyHIV/AIDSand genderissues into theMALE’sfunctionsintensifiedimplementation and M&E ofagricultural developmentprojects to increasesustainability of the projects10.2 Increasing number ofwomen with access toextension services and credit10..3 Conductingcomprehensive impactassessment study ofHIV&AIDS on Agriculturesector.10.4 Intensifying HIV/AIDSsensitization programme tostaff and other MALE’sstakeholders.implementation of agricultural developmentactivities conducted by 2009.10.1.2 Women involved in designingimplementations and M&E of Agric. DevelopmentProjects increased annually by 2010.10.2.1 The number of female enrolment atKizimbani Agriculture Training (KATI) Instituteincreased by 30% by 2010.10.3.1 Comprehensive impact assessment study ofHIV&AIDS on Agriculture sector conducted by2008.10.4.1 Forty eight (48) training sessions onHIV/AIDS to staff and other MALE’s Stakeholdersprovided by 2010.DPP Percentage of womeninvolved in designing,implementation and M&EPercentage increase ofCARE &DPP women enrolment at KATIDPPDPPStudy DocumentNo. of training sessions10.5 Reviewing AgricultureHIV& AIDS Strategic Plan10.5.1 Agriculture HIV& AIDS Strategic Plan reviewedby 2009.DPPReviewed Agriculture HIV&AIDS Strategic Plan41

ANNEXESANNEX 1: ON-GOING PROGRAMMES /PROJECTSN0 NAME OF PROJECT OBJECTIVES DURATION STATUS1 Agricultural Sector Development Programme • To increase livestock keeper productivity, 15 years OngoingLivestock (ASDP-L)profitability, farm incomes from increasedinvestment2 Agricultural Service Support Programme(ASSP)• To increase farmers productivity, profitability, farmincomes from increased investment15 years Ongoing3 Program for mainstreaming HIV/AID intothe ministry’s activities4 Participatory Agricultural Dev &Empowerment Programmme (PADEP)• To reduce vulnerability to HIV infection to MALEstaff and Clients and increase their ability to withstand AIDS impacts• To increase on sustainable basis agriculturalproductivity and production so as to enhance foodsecurity, increase rural income and reduce ruralpoverty3 years Ongoing3 years Ongoing5 Agricultural Infrastructure 7 Years New6 Zanzibar Rabbies Control7 Artificial Insemination Project 3 years Ongoing42

7 Clove rehabilitation project • To increase volume of cloves and its quality• To diversify commercial crops in clove plantation5 years Ongoing8 Forest Conservation and livelihooddevelopment• To increase production of forest products• To increase seedlings production in governmentnurseries5 years Ongoing9 Marine and Coastal Environment Project(MACEMP)• Community empowerment for sustainablelivelihood• To establish Marine Legacy Funds5 years Ongoing10 Environment project (SMOLE) • New11 Irrigation Development Master Plan • To increase food production through irrigationpractices to achieve food security13 Tanzania Modern Farming Project •5yearsOngoing43

ANNEX 2: PROPOSED PROGRAMMES /PROJECT TO BE IMPLEMENTEDProgrammes and Project1. Farming System and Crop Diversification2. Agricultural Marketing SystemDevelopmenti. National Marketing Information servicesand Trainingv. Primary and Secondary MarketingImprovement3. Formulation of Credit and Rural Financepolicy Frame work4. Promotion of Establishment andstrengthening of Micro Finance Institutionsforsustainable Rural Finance ServicesDurationTotal CostObjectivesYears(000) US$Reduce poverty, increase food security, increaseincome, expand the crops to zones that have highcomparative advantage 3 1,720.30Assist rural communities to make value addedproduction and marketing decisions 5 638.3Increasing the efficiency of agricultural marketing andimprove hygiene and sanitation in agricultural 2 1,647.6To enhance access to financial services to ruralpopulation 1 192.65 1631.0Promote establishment and strengthening ofsustainable micro Financial Institutions for ruralclienteleTo empower the CBOs and local Communities andcapacity building for cooperative Dept. 55. Empowerment of Community BasedOrganizations in Rural Areas (CooperativesandFarmerAssociations) Programme4,193.96. Conservation and Diversification of plantGenetic Resource Materials Conservation of important plant and tree species 3 1,172.50Assure Zanzibar is self-sustained in wood fuel7. Wood fuel production and productionwithoutmanagement projectcompromising the natural forests 3 1,109.108. Cash, Food Crops and Spices Research To support the application of participatory research.DevelopmentCash, Food Crops and Spices 5 6,780.2Strengthening animal quarantine and quality control9. Strengthening Animal Quarantine Services measures for effective parasites and diseases exclusion, 2 2,255.344

10. Strengthening of IPPM forSustainable Agriculture11. Management of Fruit fly in Zanzibarquality improvement, safe trade with partners andreduction of threat of major parasites and diseases.Increase agricultural production through managingpests in an economically acceptable and ecologicalsound manner. 5 2,130.0Increase mango production and improve qualitythrough controlling mango Fruit fly in sustainable and5 1,892.0economical IPM package.12. Livestock Development Programmei. Small holder LivestockDevelopmentii. Livestock and Pasture Research andExtension13. Strengthening Fisheries Development,Support Services Programme14. Post Harvest Appropriate Technology forWomen in Rural Areas, Banana and CassavacaseB. Institutional Capacity BuildingProgramme15. Institution Strengthening of MALE and itsDepartmentsC. Irrigation DevelopmentProgrammeEstablish and empower livestock supper services toempower resource limited farmers and increase theircapabilities for better nutritional status, access tomarkets and higher income. 5 6,848.8Strengthening livestock, research and extensionservices and capacity building for technologygeneration approach to adaptive research andextension. 4 4,199.70Building up a self-reliant fishing community forsustainable fisheries development and establish a pilotcomplex of fisheriesservices and activities 3 3,815.40To create income and self employment for ruralwomen and Enhance food security and reduce povertyand increase women economicindependency 3 325.2To develop the Institutional capacities needed to fulfillthe tasks under MALE ‘s mandate 5 8,745.5545

16. Rain Water Harvesting Project •Stabilize rainfed crop productivity, conservation ofproduction resource base,improve livelihood of rural poor, improve food17. Development and Rehabilitation ofGround Water pumping Irrigation18. Dam Reservoir with Canal IrrigationSystem19 Food Security and Nutrition SupportProgramme.security 4 6,371.90•To utilize ground water moreeffectively, improve surfaceirrigation techniques and assurereliability of irrigation.•Reduce cost andincrease productivity 5 9,017.0•To exploit additional water supply by rehabilitation ofexistingirrigationstructure.•Modifying small weir intake into a dam reservoir.•Increase water supply forirrigation.•Increase area and raiseproductivity of food crops5 7,624.7046

ANNEX 3: ORGANIZATION CHART OF THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE, LIVESTOCK AND ENVIRONMENT (MALE),ZANZIBARHON. MINISTER MALE OFFICE - PEMBADEPARTMENT OFCOOPERATIVESDEPARTMENT OFCOMMERCIALCROPS, FRUITS ANDFORESTRYCOMMISSION OFAGRICULTURE,RESEARCH ANDEXTENSTIONDEPARTMENT OFPOLICY AND PLANNINGDEPARTMENT OFFISHERIES ANDMARINE RESOURCESDEPARTMENT OFLIVESTOCKDEPARTMENT OFIRRIGATIONDEPARTMENT OFENVIRONMENT47

ANNEX 5: LIST OF DOCUMENTS REVIEWED1. Agriculture Sector Policy, 20022. Agriculture Strategic Plan, 20043. Food Security Policy, 20074. Forestry Policy, 19955. Fuel Wood Consumption Survey, 20036. Irrigation Master Plan 20037. MALE Medium Term Expenditure Review (MTEF) 2007/2008-2009/20108. Zanzibar Strategy for Growth and Reduction of Poverty (ZSGRP), 200748