Coal & Coke Catalogue - OKD, a.s.

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CoalInformative data – fuel propertiesThe Czech part of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (more than 75% of the basin’s area is in Poland) contains coal reserves that areof good quality in terms of both coking characteristics and sulphur content. The actual manner of utilisation of the extracted rawmaterial is determined by its specific qualities, according to which it is used as either coking coal or thermal coal.The cokeability of a coal is determined from demonstrable plasticitywithin a certain temperature interval, during which its structure andchemical composition change (while releasing some of the coal constituents).The end product of these changes is a fuel with a wholenew quality – coke. The cokeability is the given degree of coalificationand the petrographic composition of the coal.Degree of coalification – this quality is usually expressed as thecontent of volatile matter (V daf ), or as the light reflectivity of the vitrinitecontent (a hard coal constituent visible under the microscope).The greater the volatile matter content, the lower the degree ofcoalification. In the case of vitrinite light reflectivity, the lower thereflectivity, the lower the degree of coalification.Coke productionThe following “coking parameters” are monitored for coal suitablefor coking:• Swelling index (SI)• Dilation (dil b )• Volatile matter content (V daf )Coal can be further classified according to the particular valuesof the above parameters.Coking coal – typical for its low volatile matter content witha high swelling index. It is indispensable in the manufacturing ofblast-furnace coke and foundry coke.Petrographic composition is determined by the given compositionand qualities of the original plant material and by the conditions thatinfluenced the formation of the coal stratum and the process of itscoalification.Fat coal – typical for its high degree of dilation and plasticity. It isin high demand for coking charges.Gas coal – this type of coal has a high volatile matter content andnegative degree of dilation.The above properties determine whether a coal is suitable for cokingor for use in the energy sector.3
CoalCoal for the energy sectorA coal’s suitability for use in the energy sector is primarily determinedby the following parameters:• Calorific value (Q ir)• Sulphur content (S d )Coal from Karviná strata - Coal of a medium coalification. TheKarviná strata contain both coking and thermal coals.Coal from Ostrava strata - Coal of a medium to high coalification,mostly suitable for coking purposes.Preparation stages for thermal coalWashed thermal coal mix – This a product of coal washing usedin large energy facilities, cement mills, blast furnace and PCI(pulverised coal for injection) facilities.Washed and sorted thermal coal - This a washed coal sorted bygrain size (10-30 mm, 30-50 mm, 30-80 mm, 50-200 mm) for usein the civil sector, for household use and in sugar refineries.Coal dust - The product of the separation of 0-20 mm coalgrains before the process of coal washing. It is used by largepower generation plants and in large energy-consuming operations.Middlings - A product of coal washing, with a higher ash content.Coal preparationThe market value of coal depends not only on its innate propertiesbut also on the degree of preparation. At OKD, coal is preparedfor the market in preparation plants. The main task of the preparationplants is to approximate the ash and moisture contents ofthe supplied coal to the requirements of individual customers.Coal suitable for coking - A washing preparation removes anytailing residues and lowers the ash content to below 10%,a prominent factor for the quality of the final product – coke.Thermal coal - Prepared and mixed in accordance with theneeds of the end users, and particularly in accordance with thecharacteristics of their combustion facilities.OKD mines coal from the Karviná and Ostrava strata.They differ in terms of the height of seamsand the degree of coalification.4
Page 1 and 2: Coal & CokeCatalogue
Page 7 and 8: Explanation of symbols usedDesignat
Page 9 and 10: Gas analysis laboratoryThe second p
Page 11 and 12: CokeHeating cokeHeating blend heat
Page 13 and 14: Maceral contentand coal type breakd

Coal & Coke Catalogue - OKD, a.s.

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