Turkmen-English Dictionary.pdf - CCHS Learning Commons

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Using this Dictionary:This dictionary contains rclughly 7000 Tr¡rkmen keywords, probably several morethan you need during training. However, the ho1:e is f.hat this is a sufficient clictionary tolast you throughout your service. Here are soÍre explanatory notes that will help you usethis dictionary:About the Language:Tuliunen is ¿r dìalectal language. It's history tencled more towarcls an olal traclition,though literary systems have existed for several centuries. -fhe language wås most heavilyinfluenced by Arabic, Pcrsian and other Turkic languages. Though after the whole regionwas conqueled and colonized by Russia, begiruting with the Czarist empire and thencontimring into the Soviet Union, many wolds, cspccially teclurical or acadenríc terms,entered the language. Many of these either did not cxist at all or were then approximatedby words th¿lt also had a more comrnon, everyday rneaning. For example:Älem rneans "outer space," "tuliversg," sometìmes "world" ancl also it rnight be agirl's name.This dictionary attempts tct approximate pr-int-standard written and spoken Turkmen.However, even within regions there is not the stanclardization of meanings that we areaccustomed to in English. Do not be surprised to hear worcls used in ways that are notcovered in this dictionary, or to find that people in your village to not know a word givcnin this dicti

pyiada n person2. If aTurkmen word is followed by several English words separatecl by commas, thisindicates that the meaning of the Turkmen word approxiurates a combination of thoseEnglish words. For exarnple:nàzilç adj delicate, lra gile3. Exarnple Sentences: We atternpted to write example sontences that both clearlyclemonskated the use of the Turkmen key word and ovet the coruse of the entite sentencetranslated almost word for worcl fi'om Tulkmcn to English. This, unfortnnately, was notalways possible and sonre of the example sentenres are translatecl idiomatically. However,they shoulcl all provide a worcl-for-worcl translation of the key worcf. All examples followthe English words in a hanslation, followed by ex;, then the Tudcmen sentence anclirnmecliately followed by the English translation.4. Annoying Tags: Some enkies that inclucle example sentences also include redundantclarifications of, meaning attachecl to the English worcls. Also you wilttincl the Ref: tagthror-rghout the dictionary. This 'tsfereflce' tag is used to provide clarification, cxplanations,and other infbrmation outside of simple clefinitions. That information was necessary on theEnglish-Tulkrnen side and I just plain ran out of time to remove it from the Turkmen-English.English-Turkmenl. For English words with multiple meanings, these meanings are denoted by explanatorytags after the English keyword. lf multiple Turkmen words appear after an Englishkeyword, all listed Turkmen words ale cornmon synonyrîs for that English word. Forcxample:arrogant adj gompy, tekepbir, itl tumçuli fokarykIn cases, such as words like "fate" or "bfave" where there are many Turlcmcn equivalentsfor the English word, we tried to limit the number to between I and 3 of the most commonvariants. Other variants are listed only on the Turkmen-English sicle. If a small number islistecl after the Turkmen translation this inclicates that the word has multiple meanings.Then it may be helpful to look the word up on the Turkmen-English side.2. Atpresent there are no example sentences on the English side. If you are unclear onhow to use a particular Turkmen word you have to look that rvord up on the Turkmen sideto see if there is a relevant example, I apologize for this inconvenicnce. Mea culpa.

Compilecl, Written, and Edited by:Ilen Graham and Juma BabajanovDatabasing and Layout bySam GaetzMajor Contributing Editors:Allaguly BabajanovMorjenRejepovaBahar AydogcliyevaGuncha NursahatovaSpecial Thanks to Zohre Ovezliyeva, the Language Coorclinator, Sahra Bayramova, the-Ir.ss istant, Eje.giz S ap arov a, the Consultant.This clictionary is, in f¡rct, an expanded edition, inclucling revisions and corcctions, of apreviously existing Peace Corps cfictionary. This, in turn, built off of'the clictionaryptrblished by Peace Corps in 1996.On commercially available dictionaries:As far as I know, here is what is available:1. In the bæzaar you may be able to find a small blue and grcen dictionary published bythe Turk:men-Turkish University for about 100,000 TM. It is one way Turkmen-English, inthe new alphabet and a nice pocket reference. Get it while yolÌ can. It is out of print andclisappearing.2. Available used through Amazon for about $95 is a quite thorough clictionary (about15,000 entries) by Allan Frank ancl Jeren Tachmuriclova, published in 1998. It is onlyTulkmen-English and in the olcl alphabet, but contains a wealth of exarnple sentencesdrawn from Turkmen newsp¿rpers and literaturc. An excellent teference for reading andtranslating, especiaily if you are dealing with older printed material.3. Sometimes available in the bazaar is an English-Turkmen clictionary in the old alphabetwith about 10,000 entries.

al¡andonadequateA-attba¡tdon rr. tallamak.ttbilillt r. baçarnyk;n. ukyp;r. ukyplylyh.able (to be...) rr baçarrnak.able (to he) v -ipl-yp bolmak.abnormal ar|. adaty ctil.qbolishment r, iatyrma.ahott (a.fitlr.ts) r.'. gyrmah.abortion (to perJ'orm an...) v. gyrmak.obouÍ (almos, ,¿/. diYen ialy.uboul (ap¡troximulely) atlv.gola!,;ørlu töwercgi.ubout (regarding) odv, hakynda;7ro.r. barada.gbot ea,r/v. f'okarsynda.qhszrh r,. sifidirmel

adjectiveadj. fetesi.adieclive n. sypat.odjtt.st (adjust somelhing) v. üftgetmeh.udjust (adjttst to a siluation) v. öwrenÍçrnek.aclminisÍratio¡r n. administratsíia{r);;r edara;n. häkimlik;n. folbaççylyk.admirer rr. tttuçdak.uclmit (confes.y' v. bofun ¿¡lmalç.admit (i.e. to a university) u. kabut ctmck.admittqnce n. kabul.qdmitted (to be...) v. goilrerilmek;v. kabul edilmek.admonish r.: Íindemek.qdmonishme¡rf ¡r. töwellajr, ündc¡ne.adolescent n.jetginick.aùJU n. ullal

all (every)adu. uzakly gün.ull (every) ø¿û. hcmme.all of ttsall ríght inti. bogar.ell the sqme adv. barybir.Allah n. Alla;n. Ilrrdrti;rz. Tañry.r. hcrnmämizallegedþ a¿lr,.hamala.alley n. alleya(rl.qlliance n. bilc.Icçik;n. birleçik,allow v. rugsat bcrrnek;r. rugsût etmeh.qll-stqr team n. yygyndy komanda.ally rr. falan.almond r. batlam.almosfadv. dicn faly;adv. tas,qlr¡ne oclj. falñyz;adj. !eke,along (i,e. a palh) a¿|r,. bile¡r;ørlu. ugrunda;Prep. agÃr.along with adv. fany bilen.olphabet n. clipbli.alrea

antlertntleranvílanxiet-y r. alada;rr. çah [çt¡hl.¡r. sandal.n. ünji.any adj. çemgelen;adj. islendik;adj.kes.unybody pro. her kes;pru. kimdir biri.anyhotv adv. "anyway" difen sözi gör.enylne pru. her hes;prz. kimdir biri.cnTúhing id. nämede bolsa bir zatipro. haisYdYr birzat.an))wqt adv.hntclx;¿¿lv. hernä.anywhere odv.ht-lsyrlyr bir fer.celrÍment n.ltwartira(r).apaîhetic adj.parhsyz;arl1. PerrvafsYz.dpologize v ötünç sorarnâk.apparaltts re. apparat(r).apparentl,v po.r. çemeli.appeal þeririon) r?. $¡liaÍ¿ìt.appeal to v. füz tutmak,appeãl" (i.e. an object or a person) u. pefdabolmak.appeqr (i.e. an obiect or person) v.fuzeçyhmak.appeúr (i,e, an orgunization) v. emele gelmek.oppeür (only o/'people) v. gatã bcrmck.appearûnce r. hcçp;n. mystla;,r. sypâtir. syrat.appesrance (fbrm) n. drrl

armyarruJ, ¡?. ilrmiiâ(r).aromafic adj. ysly.arouse r'. afaga grlmak,qrrange v. dillqmek.an'est u. tussag etmek;alrite atu. trrtmah.v. ser urmalt.ürrogance n. men-menlih;ø. tekepbirlik.{trfogütlt ctdi.gompy;ød, tekepbir.rut'ogcutt (to be,..) r:- gomparmak,an'ou.sed aãj. göçgln.(Irrlw (ivnt a bovrr) n. ok;n. fn!-qrr()w (s¡,mhol) n. peflcarn.ãrrow (fhe weapon or the s.vmbol) n. ok.ürsonn. otlama [o:tlama],,?. liungat.or'tarl (fine arîs) n. çeperçilik,erten) ¡r. damar'.ariÌcle (of a perioclicul) ¡r. mahala.ertifici(tl adj.emcli;a¿lj. iasama.artillery rr. top.tttfì,startisticr. nrtist(r);ir. hudoãnik(r);r. suratkeç,adj. çe;per,a¿ú'. ussat.asørñl. hôhmiindc;adv. laly.os a result oJ'this acfu. yzy hilen.as slotr cts adj. bniyna;ø¿1t,. dessine.us lhough ¿rrlr. hamant.osh¡¡. kü|.ashanted (to be...) u. namys etmek.tts/cv. soramah.aslc edvice u. sala s¿lmak.orphuult n. asfalt(r).c,r.r z. eçek.assas,vinatìotr ¿. kast.qssqult ,?. çozuç;n. topulma;v. çozmak.üssels ¡2. cmläk.assign u price u. bahalamak.dssistûnce n. goldaw;n. hemafat;r. kömek;n.yardum.attractive (i.e. house or clothing)assisiunce (i.e. donution o!'supplies) n.posobife(r).ctssistant n. hömekçi;¡r, orunhasar.asst¡ciaÍiort rr. assotsiatsÍya(r);r, jemgYfct.asszrtment n. assortirnent(r).qsthma r. demgysnra.ctstoni:;h v. afik etrneh.aslonìshmenf n. hayran.at Jhuhcrcl;. bimamla.al.Íit'st adv.badq,¿¿lv. bÍrbada,at hûnd adj. elfetet'.al lettst adv. arynúan;r¡cò,. bolnranda;ndv. iñ bärkisi;arhr. iiÍ bolm¿¡nd¿r.at lhe end aclu. soñynda.ate'v. lteùttt içliginiñ öten zaman görnüçi.atheist ørl7. bidin;¡r. dinsiz.athlete r. spottsmcn{r);n. türgen.cúlas n. atlaz(r).atfltosph ere n. atmosfcra(r).a¡ûm r. atom{r).cttomìc a¿lj. Íaderny{r).u. yabçyrmah.att{rchatîqcler?, çoz¡rç;r. hüjüm;r. topulma;u. çoznrak;v. hiijiiru ctrnek,arlock suddenþ v. topulmak.altctit¡ v. fetmek.ullempl ø. synanyçyh;rr milt etmek;u. synanyçmak.v. g*tnamak.attendatlenlion r. dykgat:ri. perwa¡i;,?. uns.attention (poy...) u. üns bennek;v. üçertmek.alteiltfue adi. ünsli;rt. dykgatly.atticø. çerdak.atltact v. dartmak;v, iizüne çekmeh.attractive adi. aiaP;adj. ai$yp.attractive (i.e. hottse or clothing) adi. bezegli;9/2912009English -- Turkrnen

audienc€adl özünc çehiji.audience r.auditorifa(r),z. barlag.auditctuditor rz. barlagçy.aaditorfum n. auditorifa(r).Augu,st r. Alp Arslan afy;r. Awgttst(r).n.

anditbcutditn.iapgy;v. dañrnal

eliefhelief/¡. ynâm.believe v. ynanmah,believe (i.e. in religíon) u. ufmak.belirile v. kemsitrneh.n. jañ.bellbellpepper r. bolgar burç.hellou, (i.e. a camel) u. bagyrmah [ba:gyrmah].IsellyhuÍton n. göbek.belry-hugh , laugh u. walcyrdarnak.belonging to po;r. degiçii.belovecl a¿l/. mähriban;aci-¡. sÌifgüli.belott, prep. açak.beltn. guçak,helt buckle n. toka.belt (/br men) r. kerncr.beluga n. doky.bend [bent, bentJ n. örwüm;u. cplclnek,v. gaäyrmali;r:. gyçarmalc.benefit n. båihbit;n. pefda.henet¡olent aci7. hoçnÍfetli.besides adv. daçyndan;conj. üstesine.best adj. iñ g

ody (dead body)lr. endam;n. süñ(fri);fi. ten.body (deadhody) r. maslyk;n. mefit.hody hair ø. ftif .body ftiteraryt lerm) n.in.boíl v. gafnamak;v. gninatmak.boil (í.e. puss Jilled sore) n. çyban.hoilsd adj. gafmg.b

iberybutcherhribetl, /?. pârå bermeklik.budget z. bfujet(r).briclc n. kcrpiç(r).huild þuilt, builrJ v, dikmeh;bride r. gelin;u. gurmak;ø. tÌlzc gelin.v. salm¿tk.bride price n. halat lhalatl.bttilder r, bintçy.bridge ir. köpri.buílding n. bina;bridle n. ufan.n. desga;hrief aL{j. gysga.n. ymarat;,sty' hann.brie/cuse r. portlbl.brighten bttll r. buga;u fagtylmak,n. öl

utcher knifehutcher knite r. çapgy.buttø. syrf;v'. süsmek.hulÍer fi. rnesge;v. faglamak.butterfly n. hel¡elel

carelessc(treless adj.biagry,cqress v. sypalarnak.carnivll n. f'armarka.cqrpenÍer r?. ägaç ussasy;r. agaççy;n. neçjar.caryet r. haly.cqrpet (mctchine-macle c'aryet) n. palas.r. håçir.cãrolcarry þ name) v. götermeli.csnS) acfos,\ v. geçirnrclc,csrn) (qn ohject) u da$amak:u. götermek.carry ottt (i.e. a plttn) v. özleçdinnek:u. ierine fetirmek,cúny oLtt (i,e. an order) r,. bc{a¡i ctrnck.ø. araba;cqrtr,. fül

change (change something)change (change .something) v. üftgetrneh.change (fromaptrchase) n. gaftargy.change one's mind v. baçga perdeden gopmûk.change oneself v. özgerrnek,chtmgcd (to be...) (i.e. u person) r.r özgermek.channel ø. ahaba.chaos rr. ahan-döhen.chaotic ødj. baçly-barat.cha¡tler (in u booft) n. bap.chen'acter (i.e. in u book) n. obraz,.chctracter (personølity) n.gylyk;r, häsiict.chatge (charge u¡iîh a task) r tabçyrrnak.charge (electric chorge) n. zarlad(r')-chari$ r adarnklirçilik;r, ha¡i1,¡-s¿¡rttu,.charÍ ,r?. tâblisa(r).charter n düzgíinnama;r. ustarv(r).chatterhox n.geplcrnsck;n. y airra .r:hau/faur n.çoffor(9.cheapacli. arzan;adj. deger-tlegmez.chech ri. çck(r).chec'kers (the game) r. çaçka.cheeh r. çelcge;rr. dulqli;z. ¡iaÍrak.chee(itl l?. mcs.cheese rz. pefnír;ru. syr(r).cheesecloth n. hasa flra;sal.chemicul ¡2.*'himika(r).chemistry n. himiia(r).cheñsh r,. eziz görmek.r:hetrlt n. tilje.chen-v plum n. alça.cåe"ls n. küçt;ir. sadranç.r. syna,chestchest (box) n. sandyk.che.rt (the body part) r. döç;¡¡. kükrek.chetçu. çefnemek.chetv someone out id. faha fyrtmak.n. jíije.chickchiclcen n. towuk.chieJ'r. naçalnik(r),child ,î. ç¿rg¡r.childhood zr. çagalyk.chill r. çigrek;It. iiçütmc.chimne.¡t r. ttissc çykar.fan.chin r. alkym;n. eñelç.china (i.e. dishes) r. farfor(r).chocolate r.çol

clatterclatterclatvclayclear (transparent) aci7. añyrsy görinfåin.clerhcleverrr tylrdyrdamak.n. çafrñalre. patçyk;n. tofun.clean adi. arass'¿iv. alassalam¿rk.cleør awty v. artmnh.clear þecome...) v. ¡iiize çykmak.clear (i.e. the slÐ adi. açyk;u dur¡rlmak.clear (make...) u füze çykarmali.clear (to møke.,) u afdyñlaçdyrrnak.z. dükançy;n. gullukçy;r. sattyjy.adi. akylly;odj. fiti.n. mügderi.n. gnyn.clientchlfclimate rz. klitnat(r).climbr;. çylrrnak.climb do'¡vn v. düçmch.clinth (i.e. a tree) u. dyrmaçmak.cling to [clung, clung] v. fapyçmak.clinicclockr. poliklinika(r);n. saglyk öfi.¡?. sagat [sagat].clock han¿l n. sagatyi dili.adj.yakyn;closealçlv. golaf ,v. faprnak.clo.se (hecome...) v, ysnyçmak.close to prep allrymynda;prEt. golafywla.closed adj.iapyk.clossnes,s r,fakynlyl

comdemncomdenffi v. âÍyplamak.cotne (tcrqss v. uçramak;u. iistünden barnr:rlr.come bach rr. gafdyp gelmek;v. gajtmak.come [cqme, come] rr. gelmek,come down v. dütmek;come inv. pese tlüçmok.u. girnrek;u, içine girlnek.come of age k¿fu hoilu. jigit çykmak.con'e on the scene u sahna çykmak.rcme lo pctss v. hrtsyl bolmak.c'ome together v. utgaçrnak.c)me lrue r.', hasyl bolmak.contedian r. gülek.conrcdy rr. komcdifa(r).¡r. ko¡nota(r);cometn. YYIclYz,c o ntJb r tuhl e nd.i. amatly ;aelj. ttfi'ajly;¡r. rahat.cotnma Í otllr.

concern (worry)coflcefti (worry) n.gîiqy.concernÍng adv. hakynda;pos. barnùa;pos. degiçli.conclude r"'.gutarmak,conclude v. hârara gclmek;v. netije çYkarrnak,conclude qÍx agreemenf r. baglaçmah.conclttsion (i.e. of an essay) r. netije.crtncrete n bcton(r).condemn v. günâkärlemek;u gyjtlat bermek.condition n. çert;n.yagdaf.u. rnaslahatlaçmak.confet'conteretlce ø. konl'erensifa(r);r. mejlis.confess v. bofun almak.confidant n. syrdaç.confidence r?. ynam.con fìd en c:e (s e lJ:¿u n1¡¿u nc e) n. gaira t.confìdentþt adv. yrrarnly.conftrm r. gtiwä geçmek;l' Éassyklam¿rh.confirmation n. güwÐ;n. tassylcnama.conflict n. tgzalalyk,conflict (i.n...) adi. tgzala.conflicÍ (to be in...) v. dawalaçmak,conform v. layyk bolmah.confused (to be..) u. aljyramah;r.: darykmalt.confusing adj. çatak.congratulate v.gutlâmf,k,congratu lation n. grrtlarg.Congratulations! inlj. Gltly bolsun!conicql adj. zötnmelr.conjuncli.on m. baglafjy.connect v. baglamak;u, birleçdirmeh;v. çatmak.connected adj. baglanyçylcly;acli. hagly;adj. utgaçyk.connected (to be...) v. brrglanmak.connection n. arabaglanyçyk;ø. baglanyçyk;n. gatnaçyk.conquer v. basyp almak;v. znbt ctmek.conque,st z. basyp ahna.conscience n. rvyådan;/1. ynsap.con,s'cientious acli. iür;adj. ykþm.atnsc:iousness n. afl.conseaúive adi. bir sydYrgYn.consent n. raz¡çylyk.consent r?. rûgsat;u. razylaçmak'consequently adznct$ede.consider v- garamak.consider v. pikÍrlenmch.consider u. safmak.considerahle acli.esli.considered (to be.,,) rr garalmalc.consist cl' v. ybarat.consisîenl ad.i. yzygìderl|'a¿tv. hir sYdYrgYn.consonant rr- çckimsiz ses.c¡n,stdnt ¿¡dj. durnukly;arf, üznäksiz.conslantly adu birsyhly;rrr1u. dynman;arlu. elmytlama.con stitu t io rt n. konstitusif a($.co n sttztction rr. gut'lu gyk.construction worker r. binaçy.consulf v. maslahat salmal

convenientconveftient adj. nm'atly,conventìonal adj. niaty.conventional a,eapons n. aùaty ¡iaraglar.convers(Itiln n.gep;r. gürräñ.cot'tverse (wilh someone) v. gürleqrnek.convict (assign hlame) v. aiyplamak;v. günäkärlemek.t:onvict (imprison) v. iç kesmek.contince v.ynandyrmah;u. yrmalc.cook¡r. açp€z;v. ltiçirmch.cook (to starÍ to...) Ì'. âtàrmâk.cookecl (to he...) u biçmck.cookie n. köke.coolúng r. bis-düs.cool ørlj. salhyn;øcfi. selgin.cool (slang) arl¡ daç.coo¡teru t ion n. arhalaçyh;ri. hyzmatdaçlyk.coordinete v. utgaçdyrmah.coot'dinuÍor n. utgaçdyryjy.cÒpper ¡r. rnis.clpy v. göçürmek;v. kopifa etrnek.coqttetislt adj.aäzli.coquettl n. nà2.coral r. mcr,ien.core r. rnnÍly2.corh (i.e Ìn ø boule) n. dyl*y.n. mekge (mcl

crane (machine)crane (machine) n. kran(r).crashn. çakyrdy;u. hakygmah;u. hül-pefkun etmck.crate ø. iaçik.craving r. teçnclih.crûzj'adj. dâli;adj. !etcr-Yetmcz.crury (go...) u däklirimelç.a,azy (lo go-..) v.akyldan aznçmak.cle[rm n. gaymak.create u. binfat etmeh;v. düzmek;v. fasanrak.create (i.e. an organization) r¿ dötetmck.create (i.e. an organizcttion), mctke v. cmclcgetirmel

cut ofÏcuÍ ,ff ad7. jontuk.cul ap u. tlilmek;v. dogramak.cttt (tvílh scis.sors) v, gafçylamak.dalþditdailyclqmdumage¡r. nerl

delþat (defeat an opponent)defeeñ (defeø an opponent) v. utmak.deJ'eated (to be...) v, utulmak;r. yeñilmcl

determineddetermined adi. afgytly.develop v. biçiçmek.develop (oJ countries) v. ösmelc.developnrcnt z. ösüç.deviateJrom v. çykmuk.devilø. çc¡ftan.adj. namazhon.devotttdexîrous atlj. çakgtn.dictlect n. çiwe.diameter zr.diametr(r).diamond n. almaz;n. brilliant(r).diary r. gündelih.dic:e n. zarik,dictionaryt ¿..sözlük.¿ iilnrck.diedie (as u herc) 'u. wepat bolmrtk.cÌie do'¡vn v. yafyçmak.clietr. I¡erhiz.differ ar1¡. taparvuflamah.diflù'ence n trrpawrrt.dilïerent ad¡. afra;arl7. tapawutly;aølj üftgeçili.difþrent (various) ad.i. dürti.r|ilJërently oriu. baçgaça.dfficult (oJ'cr situation) ad.i. agyr.di,flìcult (of a task) attv.kyn.clifficttlty z.kynçylyk.dig [dug, dug] u, gazma[

disorgrnízeddisorganized crfj.baçly-barat.disowtt v. geçmek.dispatch u göndermck,disperse u. daganrak;u. pYtratmak.v. gofmah.dßplaydispleased adj. nägile.displeaxtre n. nägilelilr.dìspose oJ' v. dynrnak.dispule n- dawa;n. jedel.dispttled adj. dawaly.disregard r¡. ürrs bennck (negative f'orm).disrespect r,. äsgermezlik ttmch.dissa lis/aclion ø. nägilelik.dissatisJted adj. nùgile.clìs,g ertation n. disscrtatsif n(r).dist(tnce n. daçlyk;n. uzaldyk.disÍance (befi+,een two things) n. aradaçlyk.distctnx adi. alys;adi. dtçgyn [daçgy:nl,v. durl¿rmah.distilldistincfive ad7. parhly.distingtish v. saj'garmak;v. seljennck.distinguish (tlistinguish one.selfl u. orta çykmak;v. tanatrnak.distrar:led aøfi.ünssiiz.distribute r,,.pa¡ilarnak.distributiott rr. bälüniç;a. paflaçdYrnta.districl n. etrap;n. rafon(r).disturb rlrahatsyzlandyrmak.ditch n.i^p.dive n. biiküç;r,. suwâ bökmek.diversity rz.dlirli-dürlülik.divert v. sowmak.divide u bölmek;u. paylamak;v. üle¡nek.divide by sylløbles r. bogna bölütmck,d ivision (aJ' goods) ø. pa¡ilaçdyrma.divot'ce n. ayrylyçma;v. afrylyçmak.diaziness n.baçajlanma.dizzy (to be...) u. baç aflanmak;u. kelle aflanmak.do [did, doneJ u. etmch;v. içlemek,dochn. gümi duralgasY;u fan bermek.doctor ir. lukman;n. rwaç($.doctor (PhD or MD) n. doktor(r).elot:trine rr. taglymat,document rr,dokunent(r');n' hat;n.kagYz'documentury crf,dohurnental,drg ri. it.dog bo'wl rt. fal*h.dog (Mar¡, dialect) r,r. güjüh.dogma n. dini tnglymat,doll rr. gurjak.dotne it. gupba;n- gümmcz.domestic atlj.içerl

dreadfuldreqdful ¿rlj. elhenç.dt'eatn [dreamed/dreamÍ, dream ed/dreamtJarzuw etmek;v. diifçe girmek.dre am [dreame tl/dreamt, drea rned/clremtJdüfç gÌitmek.dream (during ,sleep) n. dii!ç.dre¿tm (wish) Í. ârzr¡rv.drcssn. gyz köfnek;ø. köfneh (gyz..).dresser n. çkaf(r).dres,smaker r. köfnekçi.driedatli. çrkyr;adi. gary.drill (a hole) v. brrrawlamak.drink n içgi:v. içnek.drinlcingwater n. agyz suwy.drip rr darndyrnak.drit e u särrnehn. sürüji;ch'ivern. çoiior($.clrr4s r. ciamja;r: gaçtnal

easy goingadj. yeftil.easy going ødj. feflil.eat [ate. eatenJ n. ifmek.echo n. fztft;v. fañlanmak.ecology n. ekotogifa(r).economic ødi.ylrtlysady.economi.rt n. ykdysatçy.economy r. hojalyk;n. ykdYsadYfct.econlmy(thrift) ¡?.tyg$yt.edgerz. çet;n. gaPdal;t?. gyrr.edge (i.e. oJ'material) r¡- etek.eclibleødj. iyili'a.n.edit (video) r montaZ etmek.edition ir. ncçir.edttcated adj.bilhuli.edttccttÌon r, bilim.¡r- täsir.effectfficiencll n.netiielilih.efíicienf adl. nctijcli,elrtn fuake an -..) v. zor salmak.Írf. nysal üçin.e.g.eggir. furnul'tga.eggplanl n. badam;Egpteigltteigh4teithereither...or..,elctsticr. badamjan.a. Itfiisiir,rutm.selr'in.i7¿,/7?. segsen.coni. ya.cor.¡. isle...isle...;conj. ! a...!'a-ù:a....¡r. biizme.elastic Qit. and.fig.) ad.i. çefe,elhotv n. tÍrseh.elder r. façuly.elder sibling ri. dogan.elderþ, m6n n. aksaksrl.e[dest adj. ektbyr.election n.saflaw(syfasysaftaw).electricul ¡tlug n. wilka(r).electricity n. tok(r).electrunics n. elcktronÌka(r).elegant adj. sypøfy.elementaty school r. baslangyç mekdep,elephant ir. pit [pil]elevate v. artdyrmak,elevated (to be...) v. artdyrylmah.elnt n.g rãEâç.elseadv. !we.engaged in (to be...)emharrassecl adj.mäfnli.emban'a,ssed (trt be,,,) u mü¡innürgemel

engâged witheYeryoneengãged with odj. girmm.engagentenÍ cet'emony n. adag (adrglama).n. motor(rJ,engineengineet n.inÍener(r).English (the languaga) acli. iñtisçe.enjoy ons5slJ' u. göwün açmak;v. hezil bolmah.enjoyment n,hezll.enlarge v. ulaltmak.enornxeus adj.urähnet.ettough adj.bcsadi. ieterlik.enottgh (not...) adv. kent.enriched (to be...) v. ba¡ilaçmak.enrichnrcnt n. baylaçdyrma.enîer v. girrneh.enth¿tsium n. joçgrrn.enthu.sia.sm r¡. hörves.enth us i a.v ti c arly. höwcsek;ørl¡ härvesjeñ.enlire rrrf. bitin;arJj.ltülli;ad.i. tutlç.entireþt arfv. halys.anlrünce rr. girclge.entreatv r. pcr¡fat.enlr"epreneL{r n, tolclreçi.entru.vÍ rr. taÞgyrrnah.eniry (enfryrvcg) n.n. gÍrelge. ^gyz)enurc!nce (pos.sessing...) o4Ì. çydamly.envelope n. bukia.enviott,s adj.lsa.lnyl.enviro n men t n. daç-törvereh.envlyenvyepochequaleclualityec¡uationequilibriumeqatpequitment¡1. wel

eYerythingevetyth¡ng n. îl\li zat1;¡r. hcmme zat.everywhere ¡2. ähli ierde:n. hemmefcrde.evict v. giiçürmek.evidence n. delil;r. subuhrama;r. çafatlyh;evile:texactr, çayatnama.adj. betnifet;adj. faman;n. ¡iamanlyk.rtci7. äñki.adi.tnkyk:rruû. tüys.exactly adv. edili6611t.ltvt,eJÍqcÍness r.tahyldylc.exaggeraÍe v. ulaltmah.exûm n.batlag;r, barlagnama;n. ekzamen(r);n. synàg.examine v. garamalt.exûmifie (i.e. c pcttienl) r,. ääefmek.examined (to be...) v. garalmak.examiner r. barlagçy.example ø. mysal.example (for,) irl. mysal üçin.example (make an...ottt oJ someone) v. gözetmek.excellent adi. bäçlik;adj. òrân gttwy.e"rcerpt ¡,. parça.excess adj. arlyk,excessive orlj.çrkdanaça.exce,ssively adv. ûQç.exchange r. çalyçrna;r. çalyEyk;v. alygmah;v. çalçyrmal

extrftfatherlandexfi'ctüûractadj. ûr¡ylK;¡?. gosmaça.v. çyl(armak.extrsmcu'it q I a d i. nikasy z,exlraordinary¡ adi, ad¿rtdan daçaryextrentely adj.!*man;ctdv. has:fabric.føce.facetedfacingfactr¡. mat¿.n. mefüz;n. !ä2.cr@. taraplajyn.przp. grbadynda.r. fakt(r)..factury r. fabrik(r);z- zarvod(r).Jaculty n fakulffet{r)..fude.Í'øiltn'e.faint.fairrr äçnreh;v. solmak.n. binesip;n. çowsnzlyh.v. señselemck.adj. adüttly:n. farmirrka.Jairy tale n. ertel

fatiguefit¡r. watan.fatigue r. ¡?adawlYh.fatten (i.e. a cow) v. baga bakmakfatty adj.fagty.faucet n. trrant(r).ful.tlt r. günä;n. fazyk./trvor n. fardam;u e¡i görrnel

fit [{it/fittedn frt/fiftedfadj. larxmly..fit fiiffitted,ft/frttedl v. sygmak.Jif (i.e, clothes) v. geliçmek.fit together u. sygyçmak..lù,e num.ltâ¡.Jixu. bejermek;rr. kcbçirlcmck.floS n. bafdak..flame ir. falyn..flantingo n.gyzylajak.flanh (of a person or animal) . n. böwür..llat odj. fasy.fiøuen v. maççartmak;v. tekizlemek.fiattened arf. fepbeçÍk.v. jaranmal

forbidden (by the Koran),forbidden (by the Koran) adj.hartm.force n.znrp:'n. zoÍ.J'orcefield r. mefdan..force (force:tomeone k¡ do something) v. rnejburetmeh;v. zorla¡nah.þrce (phys¡cal) n. giryç.J'orced a¿lj. nalnç.ford (on a river) n. güzer.þrecast n. çaklama.J'oreJhther n. tlüfp ata-baba.rr. mañlai'..foreheadforeign udj. çet;adj. d4ary;adj. daçary iurtly;ødi' fat.Jctreign counW r. daçary furt.foreigner r. gclmÍçeh..foresight z.öñdengiirüjilik..forest n. jeññel;r. tokaf(r)..fbrever adj. iimürlik;arlv. dowamat;rrdv. hemiçelik.þrget [/brget,forgottenJ v. iadyndan çyhmak.þrget [fo rgot, forgottenJ v, unutmak;v. ¡iatdrrn çytr(ar)mnk.forget^me-nof (the.florvefl n. syçangulak.f'orgíve [forgave,þtgivenl u. bagyçlarnalc;v. geçirmek.Jorgiveness r, ötiinç.forgîving arli. geçirimli,.fbrk n. dtirtgüç;n. wilka(r)..fork (i.e. in a rcad) r. afryt.fitrm (develop) v, dörernch.J'orm (shape) n. durh;rr. l'orma(r)..form (year in school) r. tclas(r);/r. synp.formal adj. resmi.þrmution./bnner adj. äírki.Jbrfhright arfy. gön{imel..fbrlress n. gala..forÍunale ady.nesiheli..fbrlunaÍely a¿lv. hcr¡lä.fortune teller n. bilgiç;ri. palçy..fortune telling n. pal./brly nunt. Iayrlr'(i.e..for marching) r. nyzam,J'orwardatlv. ileYi;adv. äi'e.fossil n. daça diinme..found v. esaslandyrmak.found (i.e. un organizaÍion) u. dörctmek.foundation r. düfp;r4. esas.fountain z, çülvdürim.fottr mtn¡. dö¡'t.f'ox ¿. tilhi.fracti

I'ront side offry.fiying ¡ttut ;r. saç [sa:çl;r. shovorod*(r);n, t:¿b'¡..[uelfutfitln. fangyç.u berjaf etmelq¿ bitirmeklu feriue fetinneh.adj. dory..fLtll./ùll (of.faod) atlj. dol

generosiwgenerosity r. eli âçyklyk;í. jomartlyk;n. $ahäbat.generlus adi. eliaçyk:adi. iomart;azfl. sahabatlY.generously (to give...) u. ioçmal

Good luck!guardGooc| luclc! i¿¡r. Üstünlik bolsunlgood ltrch r. üstünlik.gxtdnight! rrf gije rahat boisun!goods i,r. haryt.goose n.grz.gopher ¡2. alaka.rr. gybat;gossip¡?. myç-ürys;v. gybat etmek.go,rsþ (the person) il. ùrùgezetgotrr "gct" içliginiñ öten zam¿rn görniiçi,gotÍen v. "got" içliginiñ öten zaman görntiçi.gouge v, oymal< [o;fnahl.got)erÍ¡ u, dolandyrmah.Fiovemmsnt n. däwlet;¡r. hökümct.v. tutrnah.grabgrnde (marþ ¡r. baha.grade (slape) n. basgançak,grade (vear in school) n. lrlas(r);/?. synp.grctduallv a¿lv. hern-irerrden.gt'oc{uafe ,¡. uçurym;r¿ tamamlamak.graduøte student r. aspi-r'ant(r).gruingreo.se n.yag;u. iaglamah.Erease (for hrhriculbn) n. çalgy yag.gre(rsy ,t4j.iaety.gteaÍ røly. belent;aclj. befik;adj. örän gowy.greal-grcmdchild n. çowlukgreatness rr.bclentlik;a. befiklik.greed n. bahyllyh;¡r. nebis;¿. nebisjeñlik;n. nebsewülil

guesshastev. goraglanah;1. goramak.guess n çak;/?. çen;v. çrh etmek.gî,ßst rr myhmtn.gtrìc{e n. gollanma.guíded (to be...) !,. ugur almak.gtùlt n.f,aryk.guilt (the emotíon) r. müjn.guilty adll günäkär.habít r. endih.habit (make ú...oÍ) v. ürç etmek.hahitctt r?. tncsgen,ltabiÍual wÌj. adaty.lndhaggle u. babalaçrnak.hc¡ir ¡?, saç.hair (one strctnd) n.Eyl.hairy nclj. tiifleh.holf n.!ara;n. far¡m.h alJ:lruorrurrrr¡ adv. farpy-falta.hallhalhvayhanthummerhandu. "have" içliginiñ ötcn zaman görnüçi.r. koridor(r);n. zal(r).r. koridor(r).n. tüssä kakndylan doñuz eti.n çehiç;v. çüflemek.n ell: uzatmah.lwnd in hend adv. eÞeleberip,hand towel n. elçalgyç.handful Í. gysynl;r. penjc.handkerchief' n. e$aglyk;r. faglyk.hcmdle z. sap [sap].handle (í.e. on a teapoÌ) n. gúp.handmade adj. elde¡iasalan.handsotne adt. owadan.handsorue (abottt aface) ødj. nurana.handu.v"iting n.hnt;r. poçerk(r).httndymart r- u$sa.hang [hung, hungJ v. asmah.hang out v. güf'menmek;v. yhmah.fI-hguilty (the þelíng) adi. rnüfnlí.n. allag.gulf'gunxn. diç eti.gun't (chetvíng gunl r. sakgyç.gunpowder n. tläri.gush out v. eogclyrulmal

hastyhastyhqtadv. howlulrmaç.r. papak;n. çlÍapa(r).hatchet n.çapgy.hate n. figrenç;v. ¡iigrenmelr.hatelill atlj. yigrenji.haughty arl1'. tekepbír.Iratt I (hau|.fi'eight) v. füklemck.lmve thad, hadJ v. bar'.hqwlchoyn.gyrgy.n. bede.hay sluclc n. petde.he pro. etl.head n. kelle.head to toe (ltrtm...) ndv. boj'dan-baça.heaeiache n.kcllagyry.headhønd rr. alyndañy.heatling n. at lt;tl.hesdscqr-Í' ir. gyñaç;healhectlthit. faglylt,u. gutulmak.n. saglyl

hit (collide with)householdhit (collide with) v. degmek;v. kakmah.hit fhit, hitJ v. çalm*k.hif (i,e, in a./ìght) v. nrmak.hoctrse acfj. bogult.hobb¡'n. gÍifmenje;ri. Piçe.hockey n. hokkef(r).hoe n. kätmen.hog ¡r. doñuzhold fhekl, heldJ v. saklarnah;v. tutmak.hold c¡ut v. çydumal

housewifehousev,tÍe n. l

imitatev. göz üñüne getirmek.u. öhünmek.imilateimmediate Iy adv. birbada;¿r¿lY. dessine.immediateb¡ after adv. yzysüre.immoral ødj. nafynsap.immorlalize r,. ebcdileçdirmeh.im¡tutienÍ a¿fj. bikarariadi. çYùansYz'imp er it iv e for m n. buy ruk fo rmasy.implemenÍ v. amalu açyrmalr.implore v. falbarmah.impoliÍe adj, biedep;adj. cdopsiz;adi. gödek.imporîance n. möhumluk.important a¿l¡. möhum.imprison u. tilrmä llasmak.impruwe r.l gowulirmak;v. kämille$dirmck;v. kämillcsmch.improve (i.e. a city, ct hottse) u abadanlaçdyrmak.im¡trove (i.e. a situatirm) u düzctmek.improve (i.e. afler an illness) v. oñatlaçmak.innrlv. içinde;adv. içine.in the way (to be...) u, afagyñ açagynda bolmak.inappropriaÍe adj.biiay.ineútentive adl. ünssü2.incapable adj. nalajcdcfin.n. alyn diç.incisorincite (incite someone) v. dürtmek.inclined adj.fapgyt.include r,. öz içine almak;v. ybarat.income r. gÍrdeji.incompetence r. naladajefinlik.i nc o mp e ten I a d i. emelsiz.incom¡telent person , helpless person r. ysnat.inconvenienl adj. amúsyz;acli. biia!.incorrect odj.nâdogry;adj. yalfryç.incorrigi b le a dj. kelesañ;adj. kelew;adj. makow,increase (i.e. quality) v. ¡iokarlandyrmak.increase (i.e. Etantily) v, beygelmek.increase (i.e. quantity or quality) v. artdyrmak;u. köpelmek.increase (i.e, v

injuryinjuryinsecÍinsepurubleinseperableinsertinsideinstahilifltinstantin.stead ofittstituteinstructionsr.'. faralamak.n. çikes;It, ¡i'ara.n. görkeziji.n. gayyn.inkin-lawinner adj.içkì.innr¡cence r. nadulylt.innocenl,rzlj. bigünä;atli. rnaidan.innovaÍion r. täzelikçilik.insaneadi. t[äli.inscme a,sTtlx¡l¡, n. dälihar¡a.insanit.y n. dälilik.n. möjek;n. mör-miijek.adj. a!rylmm,arl7. biiliinnteyän.u. sohmah.ødrr. içeri;adu. içinde;n. iç.inside-ottÍ corf. tcrsine.insolent acfj. lrÍha¡ia.insorunict r.ukusyzlyk,inspet:t u. barlanral

involved with (fo be...)Julyinvolved with (to be...) u iç salyçmak.iron¿. demir;r¿ ütüklcmek.iron (for clothing) z. ütítk(r).ironedr¿. ütükli.ironic (to be...) v. fañsylamak.irony r. ¡iañsylama.irreligious nrl1. dinsiz.irreplaceable adj. tapylgysyz.irrigate v.suwfutrnak.irri.tated (to be...) v. darykmak.jacketr. kur6l

Jumplaboratorvjump.jum¡t on.iump over.htne.iunglejunitrter.iunlc.jurorr. bitl

Iabyrinthlabyrinth n. egri önrüm.lace (i.e. at the neck of'a tw'lcmen dress) n.bagjyk.lace (i.e. shoe lace) ri. bajyk.lace (i.e. shoelace) n. bag.lack n. bolmazlyh;n. hemçilil

leisureIeisure n. içden boç wagty.lemon n. lirnon(r).lend fient, lentl v. rvagtly bermek.lend money fient, lentJ v. liarz bermeh.lender n. algydar.lenglh rr. uzynlyk.lengthen r,. uzalmak.lentil il. måiç.leopard ia. bars(r).less than adv.Inem.Iessonrz. sapak;¡r, synp.Iet go fiet go, let gol v. gofber:mel

literal translationliteral þ'anslation ¡r. sözme säz terjime.literary od7ì edebi.lìÍerary møsterpìece r. ajofyp eser.literate adj. sowatly.lilerqture n.edebÍfat.litile adj kiçi.little (i.e. amounl) adj. az.liveu. rnesgcn tutmnk;rr. façamak.Iive together 1,. façaçrnalc.livewithout v. oílmah.Iiver r. bagyr.livestock ri. bzrç san;¡1. mal.livestoclc hreeder n. maldar.living adj.

macaronrmaterial {cloth)IVI-mmacqt'oni r.nrrkaron(r).mttchine ir. maçinka(r).mucltinerlt n. tehnika(r).mqd aclj. gaharly.mad (crr.tzy) aclj. dîi'li.made y."mâke" içliginiñ öten zarnangörnüçi.mcrde (to be...) r¿ etlilmck.ntagazine ir.Íuual(r).magic n. jady.mctgic trick r. I'okus(r).rnagical /a/e n- iadyly ertehi.ruagician n. giizbugçy.nngnet r. mugniÉ(r).nngpie ¡r. al¿rhel

material (i.e. for building)militarymaterial (i,e..Í'c¡r huilding) r. madtly.maÍe.rnily i¡. enelik.maternitya hospital i?. çågâ dogrulan of.mathemaîics r. hasap;rr. matematika(r).mãtter n. jisim;ø. madda(Ð.milller (it doesn't...) itl. tapawufly yolqid. zyltny !ok.mattress ø. tlüçek.'mature (a/ a person) v. biçiçmek;u. ¡ictiçtrek.maturily r. hemal.mqusoleum n. mawzole¡i(r).Mcgt n.lVlagtymgulY aiY;tt. Mai.mestþs ¿r¿lv. rnümkin.ma)ror n. häkin.mayor's ffice n. häkimlik.me p/o. men.mettclo+v r¡- lälezar;zr. me¡fdan.nteel n. biç-düç;¿. nah¡r.mean adj.bet;odj. näkes.mean [rneant, meantl v. aírlatmak.meaning ,?. many.me a nin g le s s a dj. deger-degmez;adj. howaly;adj. manysyz,ftle(tns n. seriçde;rl. tiir.rneesure n. ötçeg;v. ölçemelt.meot n. et.mechunic ii.mehanÍk(r).n. medal(r).medalmediate ('i.e. att argument) v. ¿ralamakmediator n. âra.W;r. töwellaçY'medicine n. derman.medicine (theJield) r.lukmançylyk.mediocre adj. ganymat.meet (i,e, nteet someone) r tanyçrnah.meet fmet,metl v. duçnçmak;v. garçy almal

military dutyn. harby.military duty z. naryad(r).military equipmenÍ n. at-yarag,millc n. sÍift;v. sagmah.Millcy t\uy (the...) r. Ahrnafan¡fñ foly.mill n, degirmen.million ¡r. million.minaret r¡. minara.nNince meüt ¡1. tirvelcn et.n. akyl.mindmind (brain) n. trefni,mind (conscior,tsne.ss) n. afi.mind (keep in...) v. n,àzîra almak;v. naznra tutmali.mind (lose one'.s',,.) v. alryltlan nzaçmak.pro. meniil

moralenasty/r. ahlak.nxordle r, keip.tl\oreadi.bîçga;adv. indi;ndv. köpräh.more than arCv. höpräk.morning ¡a. irden.mortaladj. ganym.nosque n. metjiå.mosquito n. çybyn.most uch,. ifi..tnost recent ødu. soñl

nationnaÍion n. yurt,nationctl adj. ählih*llr;adl. milli.n ationa lism rr. milliliçdiriç.nationalist n. miltetçi,nationalit¡t L millct.nutionwide adj. ählíhalk.adi. ye:r\.nativeNative American n.fudery.natlu'al ørl¡ tcbigy.ttqt¿u"al clisaster ia. tebigy bela.ttatut'al gas n. gãz;ø. tebigy gaz.nutur¿tl resoLffce ø. tcbigy baflyir.núturenaughty ad.¡. bet.navelneilrnearlyrr. tebigat.r. göbck.adj fakyn;o¿¡t. golayIarlu. ianynda.adv.tas.nea rsigh ted arlj. çorvakiir.necll aclj. päkize;ocli. gy4"kly.neqlh¡ cri]. ajyl-sajyl.necessury uclj. dcgerli1,arfr. gerck;odi. gerekli.nece.ssilies ri hrtjrt.neck r, boiun.nccklqce n.gargylyk;n. monjult.necklie n. galstul

nomínationnomination adj. bcllcnme.noffiinalive case ir. baç düçüm.none n. hiç hili;neg. biç,noneÍheless conj. her niçik;conj. çefle bolsa-da.nonsense ørú. biclerek;r. boç söe,non-stop ødj. dyngysyz.n^odles r. makaron(r);It. r¡n8ç.nûon¡?. günortiln.nofl?t r. hada;ri. norma(r).nomlül adj.'tùaty;adj. hemiçeki.n0tmülly a¿|.¡t. adztçà,north n. dcmirgaz,yk.not'lhern a/j. demirgaryl

offenseolJ'ense ;r. etmig.offensive adi.içlakgyç.olfer r. hödür;u hödürlemek,ofl'er.food v.hödürlemelc.oflìce r. edara;r. kabinet{r);ru. olis(r).fficer n. ofiser(r),fficial ad7. resrni.ollìcicl document n. rcsnrinarna.oÍlipring n. perzent.oJien adv. fygy-fygydan.oh! intj. wa!.r¡iln. yag,;v. ;faglamah.oil (petroleuny' n. nebit.oil worker n. nebitçi.oil.yacli. føgly.()¡ntmenl ¡¡. rntlhe¡n.OK intj. bolfat:.olqr ¡rro, they.old (i.e. ¡teo¡tle) adj. garry.old (i.e. tltings) arf7. köne.old ntatrc. ;iaçuly,older hrother tt. oglall. dogan.older ^,¡ister r. gyz dogan.olive¡r. zeitun.oþm1p¡rr¿ n.olimpiada(r).on prep. Íisttinde.on îhe other hand conj. tersine.znce ad,-.binvtgt;adu. birwagtlafyn.Once upon a time rd. bir bar ehen, bir j'ok eken.num.bir.oneone afler the olher q¡J1;.ydy-yzynùa.one anothe¡' ¿¿dlr. birek-hireh.one eil a lime adu. yeke-j'ekeden.one by one nrlt feke-fekeden.one on oile adv. baSa-baç;arlu. ikiçäh.one time aclv. birwagtlafyn.oneselJ' pro. özi.one-síded r.birtarapla¡iyn.onion¡?. sogan.onþt adv. úiñ.e.only child adj. jeke dikrar.only (i.e. only yesterday) adv. dck.onto prqp. üstüne,open adj. açyk;v. açmalr.organ (of the body * heartn liver, ete.)opening r. açyly¡.openly adi. aç-tçan.open+ninded udi.alçak.opetntion n.operatsifa(r).opinion n. pihinn. seslenmc,opiniott (express an...) u pikir iärctmelr.opium z. göhnar;r. tirfelc.opponeftI ¡r. bÍisdeç;ur. garçydaç.opportuniht n. ma!;n. mümkinçilik.oppose rr. bttç galdyrmak;v. garçy çykmak;v. garçy gÍtmek;v. ret etmek.ttppts,ted dv. garçy.op¡tosed ftts...fo) coni. tersi;ne.rlpposed lo ø¿lv tersìne.o¡tposìk: ,tdv. tercn. tcrsine;plnp. añrysynda;prep. gabadyn{a;7rrep. garçysynda.oppo,site of n. tersin+.o¡tposite si.de pre7l. aflrysynda.oppress u. Ègram salmah;v. fanamalc.oppressed nclj.belbøLoppressirtn r. jebir;z¡, zulum.or conj.ya-da,orøl ød¡,'F. tlildcl,orally r,. diklen.orange r. apelsin(t).lreior n. dilewar;n. suhangiiy.order (commancl) r. hökiim;v. bufurmak.order (i.e. goods) n.sargyt;n. zal

organ (the instrument)organ (the instrument) z. organ(r).organization n.gurarna.organize r,. ugruhdyrmak,organize (í.e, a project) r:. guramak;v. gurnamah.organize (i.e. a rttottt) z rejelemel

paintedpearpaintedpainlerpairpalacepalepalmpantperedpancakepanicpantsv. kraskalamak;r. reñklemek.adj.lroyalan.n. suratçy.adj. g

pearlpick uppeorl r¡. dür;n. göwher.peasnnt r. dafhan.peclcv. çokmak.p eda go gical r. pedagogik(r).pedestrian n. pyfadapeel n. harpyk;u. arassalamak;v, artmak,v. sypyr:nah.pegpelvispenr. weçalka(r).n. çanaklyh.r. ruçka(r).pen (for livestock) n. agyl.penahy n. jerime:n. ieza;¡r. temmi.n. galam.pencilpendantpenelrutepeninsulø¡ten-pttlpensiortpentagonpeoplepepperper cupitaper personpercentper.feclr?. f¡smaln. hulon.n. börvüsmel

picked (to be...)pluckv. fygnanmak.picked (to be..) u. sai'lanmak.picture ø. surat.pie z. miweli gutap,piece ¡2. bölek.¡2. doñuz.pigpigeon n. l

plugplugplumpluralplashpocketr. dyky.n.garaly.a. köplük.¡r. mahmal.r. jtibi;¿. kise.pocket flrcney n. sowalga.poc ket-kniþ ri. çal

praiseprûisepray¡?. öwgi;11. tãfyp;,?. IYãSP;?. örrymek,rr. çokunmak;v. r tnãz okamak;v. yhadat etmek.pruy (for,something) v. dilemek.prayer r. doga;n, nÀlntz.preoch r¡. wâgyz ctmetr.precious adj. gymmat bahaly;adj. nebir.¡trecipitatiorr (i.e, rain, snow) n. jagrnyr;a. ygal.¡treci:se aclj t'akyl

prûfessionalpushp rofessíona I ø¿h ussat;n. gullukçy.professor r. prot'essor(r),profit r. girdeji.proJìtable nrl;. girdcjili.pfïgram n. mal

push agâinstrarelypush agctinsl r¿ eliremek.pushJbmvard v, zomamak.push (lit. anel fig.) v. Ìtrklemek.put ct curse on v. näletlernek.put awctjt u gaplamah.¡tul dotvn v. yaffrmak.put in u. tlykmak.puÍ in order v. tertibe salm¿k.ptttpilt in orcler (to be...) r. tertiplesdirmek.put into ffictrr- ornaçdyrmak.c¡rtctilc¡r.tulityr¡uuntilltqüdfterquestcprestionnaire ¡1, sorvâln¡rrnac¡uich adj. çakga,n;ari7. çalasyn.quickl¡t odj. galt;adr'. gyssagly;adv. Iiz.racßmrucistrcsckelradioradishragrailroadrainruinbotun. bedene.n. ltil;r. sort(r).r, müçbcr;r. mukdar.n. çärjch;n. knartal(r).n. göz.leg.queslrcfl /?. sorâg.rubbìtn. towçan.rabid (lít. andJìÐ n. gudrz.v, çapmak.race (comltelion) r. çapyçyk,race (ethnicity) n. urug.ruce off (leave suddenly) v. deprnek.rucetrack rr. aj'larv.ø. iynsparazlyh.r. jynsparaz.r. galmagal;n. zcnzcle,ru. radio(r).n. rcdiska(r);z. turp.r. esgi.r. demirfol.rr. fagyç;v, yagy$ fagmak,zr. älemgoçar,Q-qR.-ron (i.e. clolhes) rr ge¡imek.pttt ott (i.e. jewelery) v. dakmah.pztt out (i.e../ìre) v. öçürrnck,lnrt [put, putJ u. gojmak;L ferleçdirmeh.trntt lo shanze v. nâRrysa go¡fmak.puzzle n. tapmaça.pyjamas n. piãama(r).quiclc-witÍedness ¿r¿il. iisiilt.quiet erclj. yvwaç.quietl.¡t ¿rrÀ,. útlr{¿tç.quiltecl jackel a. gÍipbí.Etince rr. afwa(r);ø. behi.cytit (u job) r içden çykmalc.tlttit [quit, quîÍl v. taqlarnnk.quile arl.¡. hakylty.quiz n. wiktorina(r).quotulion n. sitata($.quote v. sitirlemcl

atrøtrateÍ. alãkâ.n. depgín.ratiJied (to he..) v. tassyklanmak.ratify (i.e. a lreaty) r,. tassyklamal

eignreignv. agâlyl( etmek.reimbm'semen I rr. hompensatsifa(r)reinforce v.berkitmek;v. mäkärnlemek.rejecî y. inkär ctmek;v. j'üz öwürmek.rejoice v. rnonça bolmah,v. goçulntak.rejÙitlrelcrtirrg to po,r. degiçti.relatktn n. gatnaçyk.relatiuts iz. gatraw.rela I ion,r h i¡t ø. ara ba glanyçyk.relative r. garyndaç.relqtive (distant...) rr. babadaç.relative ¡tronot tt't r.i. degiçIilik çalyçmasy;n. atnositcl çalyçmasy.yel¿t"r v. a¡inlcçekmeh;rr. yn.ialmak.release r. boçadylyç;v. bosatmaklv, go¡fbcrmck.relictble adl. ygtybarly;oclj. ynarnly.v. Íeilet¡nek.relievereligion n. din.î'etig¡ox.s adj. dini.religìotts person n. dinçi;n. dindar.religious sacriJìce r. sadaka.reh.rctanlly adv.zordan.rely onrentqinderrememberv. arlcayyn bolmak;v. bil baglamak;u. ¡ianarnah.r. galyndy.v. fadyna düçmek;v. jatda s¿klarnak.remembet'e¿l (tu be..) u. liatlanmak.remembrance r. hnl

estrained (to be...)reslrained (to be...) v. saklanmak.reslriction r.çäklendiriç.restroom a. hajathana.rerull r. retije.result (as a...) corij. çonuñ tiçin.resttlX in v. üstünden eltmek.retcil r. bölek satuw.retell rr. gürrÍiñ bermek.retruct (one's words) v. dönmek.retreat rr serpihmek.u. fabçyrmak.rehtnlreturil (an item) v. gaj'tannak.return (cone bach) v. gafdyp gelmeh;u. gaytmak.re¿n'tited (to be..,) u. gowuçmak.reveul y. iîize çykarmtl

oomsaletoonl n. ot^g.roosler n.horãa.t'(rlt (in n¡eth) n. kök.root (of aplant) n. köl¡.roolword r. düfp sö2.f0peroserotr. tanap;n.iüp.n. hägü1.u. çiifremeh;v. zajalanmakv. towlan¡nak.roÍaÍercrllen egg n. palak ¡iumurtga.rotten (oJ' littit) acl¡. çíiirüt

sal¡vasülíva n. tüfkülik.soh n.ùuz.salty odj, ùazly,adj. çor..gqlute u. çes bermek.same (the...) ad.j. defr.,sample ¡?. nusga.sandn. çägc;n. gilm.sapling n. n¿hal.satin n. atlaz(r);r. setin.sctÍisf'qctio n r. dokluk;n. kanagatlanma.suÍisfìed arl7.hanagatly.Satm'day z. Ruhgün.saus¿tge n. kolbasa(r);n. çÍihlat.súve v. ayarnak.sate (i.e. mçnqt) r. goymak;u. tygçytlamnk.,save (re.scue) v. dadyna -fetmek;1,. dyrdyrnâl(.saved (to be,..) v. tlyrmal

secretarysh*llowsecretãry) n.lâtilt;fl. selüctar(r).secretiveness n.assyrynlyk.,secreÍb) arly. asltyryn.section ¡r. l¡öltim;r. bölümçe;a. çalra.seclor n. pudah.,vector (econontic...) n, hojrlyk,seattar adt. dünÍewi.sectt'ity r. howpsuzlyk;n. üpjünçilik.seclulive n. ukladyjy seriçde.sedimenl n. çöl

shameshlme n. utanç;u. namys degmek;u. namysír gofmak.shame (bring-..on) u. ysnaf getirmck.shqme (someone) ?. masgarû etmek.shamed crf. ryswa;adj. jäzÌlgata.shamed (to be...) v. masgara bolmah.shctmefitl adj. rfyp;adi. masgara.shameless adj.bihalqødj. binamys,sham¡too r. çampun(r).shapen. fonna(r);n. çekil,shape (h goocl..) acl-i. berk bedenli.share n.påi;ø. ülüç;v. paflaçmali;v. üle.mek.shurehc¡lder ir. paj'dar.r. akula.shorkshctryt arlj. tiesgir;acli. liti..sharyt (lit. and fig.) adj. ätgär.shttryen rr çahnalc.:sharpen (i.e. ø sutv) u, diçernek.sharpening stone r. çalgy drrç,sharyness adl. üçük..shctller u. scpmck.shaveshesltearshedsheepv. syrmalc.¡tro. ol.r gyrhmah.n. bassyrma;n. tclâr.ri. gofun.sheep skin r. bngarra.sheet (i.e. on a bed) r. prostyn(r).sheet (ofpaper) n.gat.sheet ofpaper n. kagyz.sheet (ofpaper) n. Iist(r).shelfshellr. tel

sickn' mü¡?n;n. utalrç,sick cdl. keselli.sick (he ... of sornething) v. aça düçmelc.sick (be...of something) v. bez bolmah.,sick pern'on n. näsag;rr. syrkaw.sick (to be...) v. faramak (negative form).sick (to he...oJ'.something) v. irnrek.sick (to muke someone...) v bez etmek.sickle r. orah.sickness r liesel.:;iele¡r. gyr'â..vide , side oJ'the bod1, n. gnpdal.side (i.e. of o ltottse) n. tarap.side (i.e. of'nt arguntent) n. tarap.sicle (o.f a pelson or object) r. ¡ian.side (on one's...) aclv. farnyn,side¿l (i.e. two sided) ørly. tarapla¡iyn..çide'walk rr. fan fol.siege (lct1t...Ío) r'- gabanral

sIaPv. çyltak atmah;r¿ töhmet atmal(;u f'amanlamak.slap v. çalmak;u. çarpylc çalmak.slave n. gul,sl edge-hamtner n. fokmak,slee¡t r. uky,sleep tslept,sleptJ v. uklamak;1,. ¡fatmak.sleep talk r samramak.sleepless adi. bimaza.sleeveslicen. !cñ..r. kcrç:r¡. kesmeh.slìck ndj. tayga.slidev. typmalc.slide fslid, .tlicl] v. taftnak.slightlv adv.galø.slim adi.lnor.slipv. taymal

son-¡n-lawson-¡n-law /¡. giield.soonadv. basym.sorcery n.jady.SOre /¡.agyry;n. lara.sore (to be..,) v, agyrmah.slrro'rv n.gaÍgy;/?. gussa.sorrow.ful rrcfi. gynançly.sort;r, görnüç;n. kysym;r. sort(r).,soughl v. "$eek" içliginiñ öten zaman görnüçi.soul,toundsoups?Lti'n. jan;r. ruh.r?. ses.¡r. çorb¿1.adj. tarç1'',v. tnrçamtk.sour (to turn...) u. uiamak.slt¡r"ce (i.e. oJ'u river) n. asly.sourdough n. aian hanryr.r günorta.soufltsouthern arfi günortet..vttltvenir r. fadygärlik..tol.l,y. climeÌr,srtr'ving ¡t, el¡in.spúcen. me¡idal;r. me¡itlança;r. orun;n.'ier.space (i.e. between two lhings) /r. àrã;n. aradaçlylc.space (outer space) n. älem;n. kosmos(r).spade r. pil [pi:l].splreadi. ätiía'+.spat'e paú ir. ätifaçlik çaf.sparlc 7r. ¡rçgun.sparhle v. faldyramak.spctlvow 7?, scrçc.spdt u "spit" içliginiír öÉen zaman göntüçi.speoh [spolce, spokenJ v. af'tmah;v. geplemek.speuker n. çylry9 edfän,speqr n.nayza.special adi.fiúte.specialist ri.hün?irmen.specialize v.föriteleçdirmek,speciJìc ad¡ kesgitli.spectator zr.tomaçaçy.speech r?.çylryç.speech (give q...) v. çykyt etnrek.s¡teed n. bal;n. dcpgin;n. tizlikspell (mctgic) n. doga;r. jady.s¡telling n.fa"zylyç..upend [spent, spenil u. sowmak.spenl (to he,..) v. sowuhnak.spherc n, lar(r).adj. tiy.spicylspieler n. düçdüç;n. miiY.s¡tin (i.e.1tcn'n) [spun, .rpunJ v. egirmck.spin [span, spun] r¿ towlanmak.,spinoch u. ysmanak,spirit n.¡un1,n. ruh.squintingspit'itttal arl1. dini.spit fspil/spat, spft/spatJ v. tü;iliürmet

squirrelsquìrrel ¿. belha.stqb v. dürtmek..stabiliry n. durnulclylyk..slable aclj. durnukly.stable (i.e..for horses) ø. sefishana.staclc ¡r. küde.staff(personnel) Í.$tat(r).staff ('ruollring stick) r¡. hasn [hasn;].stage (i.e, ì.n the fheater) n. sa\na.stage (evel) n. etap.stagncml adi. lata.stain ,r. nr€nek.stair re. basgançah,.stairs r. basgançak;r. merdiwan.stallion n. afgyr.sÍamp (oftìcial stantp) n. mähär;n. peçat(r].sîanlp (postage...) ø. marha(r).,stand alooJ' u. çeke durrnak.slantt qside v. çehe durmak.,stund (endure) [stooel, stoocl'J v. dözmek.sfand oul 'v. orta çykrnak.stand [stood, stoodJ v. dlrrm¿lt.stand up [stood up, stood tpJ v, turmali.stqndqrd adj.hcmiçeki.standard o.f Iiving n. dutmuç dercjcsi.,stanlc y."stink" içliginiñ ötcn z¡man görníiçÈ.sîanzû n. bent;n. beft.slar (Ìit. undfig.) n.fyklyz.slare u. añkarnraltju. giizüñi petretmeh.stare (at someone) v. çiñermeh.starling ¡r. sar.st*rt n. baçlangyç;u baçlamak.start (.start doing something) v. ugramak.staúed (to be...) v. baElanmak,.:;tartle (i.e. startle animals) v. ürküzmelç.state n. döwlet;ri. çta((r).stateilrcnl n. beyanat.,stotion ri. mcnzil.sîeûue r. hefl

stomachv. 'rsteail' içliginiñ öten zaman gärnüçi.stomach n. ùÐEàza;t;¡?.iç.stûne r. daç.stoned (lromdruguse) ødj. neçeli.stonystoodstopqdÌ. daçly.y, "stândtt içliginiñ ötcrr zamangörnüçi.n. duralga;v. durmak.stop (stop sorneone) u. badyny *lmah;v. saklamak.sbtuge r. saklawhana.sÍorer, dükan:r. magazin(r).stot'e windotu rz, lvitrina(r).storehou,ce n. ¿mb¿rr.sÍo1"t1trstoryr. tupan.r. lryssa.story ftiaruative) r. ertelti;n. hehaYat;i't. powcst(r).storSt (of u building) ,?. ctüT(r);n. gat.stove (kitchen sbve) ir. plita.stt'aight (i.e. slraight in.front) ad.i. dil

stupiditystupidity n. akmaklyk.sturdy adj.ykiam.sfi.rgeon ¡r. bekre.sturgeon (t'vhite.,.) r. doky.stutter n. çalgyrt,v. sahawlamak.stutter (with o..) adv. çalgyrt.sÐ,le ia. biçüw;¡¡. äheñ.subject ri. temn(r)subiugcrle u bofun egdirmeh.subjugated (to be...) u bofun l¡olmak..v u hord inqte adj. tabyt.s ubscription r. fazylyç.subscription (subscription to a perioclícal)al¡unn.subsicle p. ¡fatyçnrak.sub,slutce r. jisim;n. ¡nadda(r);rr. seriçde.,çuhtrqct v. afyrrnah..sttbway n. metro(r).succeed v. oälnak;v. üstünlikli geçmel

sur.rounding areau. gur$amak.sltft'oltndir'tg areú r. daç-töwcrek.surrotrndings ir. törverek,suT-vey /r, syn.stispect rr. çübheli adam;u añçyrmak.,sttspicion ri. güman;tr. çclt.sustaùt v. eklernelç.swuddle v. gundamak.swadclling clotltes r. arlyk.stvoltr¡t'v t fuwdrrnrnrrk;v. fuwutmak.sft,Ltllow (the bird) n. garlrrwaç.svvafltp n. batga.swqrnpy adi. batgily.n. gïrry.svt¡l!|'lswürîhy atlj. garaf agyz.stvúy (i,e. û {:or or a boal) v. çafkamak.swoy (i.e. itt the winc{) u. ytgyldamak.,s1'veúî' (promise) fstvore, sw,om./ r,. tnt içmeh;v. l

tank toptank top n. mafka(r).Íemlc (tvater lonk) r.guiy;r. horvuz.rt. lrrant(r).tüptape (cussette lape) r. kasseta(r).fupe recorder z. rnagnitofon(r).lqslc r. tabçyryk;n. j'umug.tassle n. gotaz..îüsîe n. tagam;r'. datmali.tasty ad.j. datly;adi. sitiii;adj. taganly.tattle-tcle n. rràgez'er.launttcateocxtptean'tteûpotleûrtear olfr. gÍijeñlcmtk.rz. nalog(r);?T. pàç;n. salgyt.taxirr. tal

theftlheftthelrtheirsrr. ogurlykpro. olaryñ.pro. olaryñhy.lheme ¡r. nrowz¡k:n. tema(r).themselves pro. özleri.Íhenconj. onda.then (at thal timc) ørlv. çol wagt.lhen (i.e. sequence of events) rory. onsoii.theoryt n. nazxy{'et.there adv. tñryk;adu. añyrda;adv. olta!ùa.lhere i.c\therc are v. l¡ar.thereforc adv.y4ltilea;pos. scbäPli.thetntc¡s n. termos(r).lhe,ve ¡r. ltulnr;¡:rrr. çuhr.thich ad.i. galyír.lhicle (dense- i.e. hair, plants) adj. gur.thick (dense- i.e. planf.s) qdt'. *ygy,thick.flannel n. begres.lhick (large diameter) ac{i. fogyn.thick votvel n. yogyn çel

time {on..,)tine (on...) adv. wagty bilen.timeperiod n.zùmana.time to time (from...) arlv. wagtal-wagtal.timeþlace cdse n. wagGoruu düçüm;timetobletimidtímùlitytimidþttintiinytipl¡rer. rvagt-orun ditçüm.ra. gün tertibi;n. raspisanfa(r).adj. iygra.r. müfn.aø17. çekine-çekine.n. galnjy.actj. mafda.tl. ïtç;rr. rrçluk.v. bez bolmah;u. liadamak.a¿li. Í¡darv.liredlired (he ... of something) v. basylmak.tìred (he...oJ'somelhing) v. bez bolmak.lired (to be..-el'somerhing) u, irmek.tit'eless nrf. abyrsyz;adj. fadawsyz.litle rr. at [a:tj;n. ¡norvzuk.It¡acht. -a, -e;pos. üçin.to her pro. oña.lo hint pro. ofra.to it pt:ct. oílø.Íö me ¡tro. ntni,a-Ío where qurk. nirâ.to Ttsx¡ pt"o. safia.toast v. gutlamak;r,'. tost aftmak.loast (give a...) v. çykyS €tmek.tobrtcct¡ n. temmiiki.XodaltÍoefoenailz. çu gün.ir. barmakn. dyrnagy (ayagyñ...).together adv.bile.togeilrerness n.abatlyh.toilel n. hajathana.toiletpaper r. hajathana kagyry.lolerole v. çydamak.tomato ø. pomidor(r).tomato paste r. tomat(r),tomb n. gabyr;n. gonam,lomoryolv adv. ertit.ton (metric ton) n. tonna(r).n.labyz.tonetongsn. ystùç.tongue n. dil.longue lvtisÍer r. fañyltmaç,c¿Í¿ hem.tootool (large tool: shovel, hoe, etc.) n, guml.tool (small tool: pliers, hammer, etc.) n. ahzal.tool (usuulþt electrìc) ri. enjam.tooth n. di$.toothless adj.tliçsiz,toolhpüsle r. tliç pasta.ktothpick z.diçsynçgar.to¡t n. baç;n. üst.top (on...o/) adj. depe;topicT'orqhkrchlrtrntorrenttorsotortilktTOSSprep. üstünde.ø. beyanlanm;n. tnowzuk;r. tcma(r).n. töwrat.r. fakel(r).¿¡dl. iyrfyk.¡¡. sil.r. göwre;n. tctl,ø. larvaç.r¿ ohlamak.u zryñmak.r. jcmi.r- degme.losx'toîaltouchtouch (intentionall,v) v. degitmel

tracktrousersttaclctl. yz)v. yz çalmak,ft.yziv. yzlamak [y:zlamakl.fi'ade v. alyç-çalyç etrnek;v. söwtlalaçmal

frucen. jalbar.truce r. jaraçyh.tntck ff. ma$yn (uly...).tn¿e øclj. tlogry,trunk (oJ'a car) n. bagaË(r).trust ,?. y[rìm;v. bil baglarnak;v. ynanmâktra,stíngadj. ynanian.trastworthy adj. ygtybxly ;acfj. ynamly;truthtryadv. rast.¡r. halc;n. haliykat.r. synnnyqyk;v. milt etmek;v. synanyçmak.r. tutbolka(r).t^shirÍtub r. taññyr.luhe r. trubka.Tuesday r. iaçgün,[uli¡ttumor r. bcrç.tuner. çigildem.n. heñ;n. qw'ÃZ.tune (a musicctl insÍnment) v. düzmek.turbanr. selle.Turke¡t (the countr.v) n, Türt

unconscious (knock...)tmconscious (hnock*,) v, çaçyrmak.ttnatltivated (i.e. afield) adi. boz.under prep. aSak.¡tnderdevek¡ped ad.j. galak;adj. yzagalah.underground adj. ferasty;r. metro(r).understand (underslandfttlly) u. baç çykarmak.understand ['tmderstoocl, untlers lood/ v.düçünmek.understoocl adj. dÍiçnükli.undertake (i,e. ø project) [undertook, undeúakenJv. baç goçmak.unden've(lr n. içki gefim.unçIesireeúle adj.lwamaztmdi,rciplinecl ndy. bidüzgün.u ncl o u b ted l.v u clj. gùrr frÍsw.uneqsine,çs (in animals) n. howsala.unecrsy (to be...) 1,. aljyrilm¿k.uneclucated a¿l/. bilimsiz.unemployecl qdi. içslø.unequal adj. deftdiil.uneveû aeli. hiit!.unfctir adj. nùalntsyz.un/àithJä adj.wepasyz;tucf . ykmrsyz.un/àrniliar ødj. nâbelet;adl. nätanyç;adj' fat.unfasten v.¡iaztlyrmak[ia:zdyrnrak].unfokleel adj.fargyn.tutforgettable adj. yúdançylimajak.rtnfrtrtwute adj. betbagt.unþrtunately c:oni. arntan;c'cufi. gynansalc-da.unfriendly adj.bimrza.unhappy ad.i. btgtsyz;adi. nilçat.tmharmed ad.j.'aman.unhealthy aclj. nãsag.uniþrru odj.bir meñzeç;adj.hir sydyrgyn.unilateral n. birtaraplafyn.un intbrmed adj. bihabar.unintentional act ø. säwlik.uninterrupted a¿!j. üznüksiz.union ir. birleçih.unique adj, rfrúyn;ørlj. mahsus,uniqueness r. ajratynlyk.unitttniter. birlik.u. blleleçmek;upbringingu. birikmeli;v. birleçnrek.united ødj. baglanyçykly;a¿ll. bitewiiacl¡. utgaçyk,United Nalions Organizcrtiott r. BirleçenMilletler Guramasy.United State.v of Antericø (Th"...) n. AmerikaryñBÍrleçyn JBtatlary.r. umumylyh.unitytttiverscll ød7. ählumumy;ncl¡ umumy.miverse r. älcm;r. jahanlrr- YklYm.universily ø. unÍrvcrsiteÈ(r).univer,sity student n. talyp.tutz.jtrsl ¿¡rl¡. nÍihali.u¡tkind ad.i. gahariafr.unkfiown ¿¡rl¡,ltäbclli.unload (i.e,atruck) n boçatmak.trttlttclqt adj.betbagtlaci7. bÍrysgal.unh.rclcy (to he.,.¡ v. içi gajtmlk.unmarkecl a/y- belgilenmedit

upperupper adi. fokarl

voluntarilyìveavrngvolunlarilyvr¡htnleervontitvoteadu. rne¡fletin.r, mciletinçi;u. mefil etmeh.v. gaftarrnak;u. gusmalc./r. ses:v0tervowelwtlgarW-wv. ses bermek.n. safhwçy.n. çckirnli ses.adj. kirliz.woddle v. mofuuldamak,n. waflÍ.waJàrt'vagon n. artba.wailing n, perfat.tvai,vt n. bil.vt¡aistcc¡ctt rr.jilet.vvcr¡Íu. garaçmah.waiÍer r. ofisinnt(r).wake ttp [tvoke/walced, woken/tva lceclJl'. tunnnl

\rysbwlnewebr. lier€p.wedding n. tof .Wedne,sday n. hoçgün.weedweekru. h*çal (haçal ot).n. hcpde.weehly odv. hepdelik.weep [tvept,wept] v. aglamak.weeping n.^gy.v,eft (in weaving) ¡?. argâç.u. agramlamalr.weighweighl n.z. ^grarß1, çekim.weighty ad7. degclli.welconte! inlj hoç gelrtiñiz!welutme r. gutlag:v. gar$y almalr.v¡eld r,. kebçirlemek.'¡vel¿ler ø. kcbçirji.n¡elfttre rr. üpjünçilik.tvellç¡¿{1t. gow!|aelv. ofrat;înîj. eYsen.vvell... intj. Þ.ary.vvell behated adj, terfipli.Well clone! írtl. lìcrekcllalwell ('or water) m. guyy.v,ell knolwt a1i. ady belli;af. rneçhur;adj. tanymzl.u,ellup (oJ'emotions) (rare) v. dömmek.well-being rr. rgret.well-dressed acl.j.bezcmen.well-to-do adj.btf .t'vestir. günbntar.w,esÍe?'n adj. günbatar.wet adj.'ôL.tvhale r. kit.what clmr*. niitme.-whettkind qmrlc. nältìli.whatever prro. nåimedir bir zat.wheat n. bugdai.-vvheel n. tígir.wheelbqrrotu n.galtak.when clmrlc haçan.whenever edv.herhaçan.where c¡urù,. nitcdc,where (fo where) qmrlc. zúrâ..wlzet stone n. çalgy daç.which c¡ntlc.haysy.whíle conj. hÃzir.whiner rr. aglalc.whip n.garcW.whirhvind ø. tüwelef.v,hisper Í.wyçy-rYyÐy;r,. pyçyrdamak;whistleu. wyçyrdarnak.v. jíirletmeh;u. sygyrnrali;u, çuwwuldamak.whistling n. sykylyk.vvhite aùi. rk.uthite-bearded ø. aksakal.whiten v'. agarmak;¿ aklamak.whitewash n. rgartma;l¡. âgârtmak.whowholeqmrk.kim.atli. bitirt;otlj, doly.'whole ys(rv adv. fylboiy.wh oleh earted ly rrølv. iketläp.wholeness rr. abatlyk.wholesctle adv.lomaj';ø, lorn*¡Í sowda.pton,lriinre.whomwhosewhyvvidewidelyprar. kirninki.4rzrk näme üçin.aclj. gifr.crfu. giñdcu;aj1t. !,tzgyn.widen v. giñcltmek,widespt'ead adj. giirdcn fnfrnn.r. dul nfalwidot'vwidower n. dul.widthw{e'nildn. in [i:n].n.a!ù.adj.yztbmy.'v¡ilderne.ss n. jeflfiel.will (the legal document) n.wcsfctntma.willinglT, arlv.mefletin,wiltu. solmak.win (tvin a t:om¡tetiort) v. utm¿l

wingwingvvinhwinnervvinterwipevrlrewisewße m1t'ttvishwish þrvvish vvellvt¡itn. al

wrinkledlwinkled adj. mürçük.wristx. bilek;n. goçar.twist watch ø. sagat [sagatl.vwite lwrote, writtenJ v. fazmak [fazmakl.writerwrilingn.fazyiy.ri. hat;n.yaztw.X-xwrittenwrongwrolaadi. !,tzmtç'a.aclj. dogry däl;adl yalñyç.r,. t'ryrit€" içliginiÉ äten zamrngörnüçi.zoologyX+'çylardr. rcntgen({.r. howly.yarrov¿ (theplant) ir. bofbodran.)'earrr. fyl.yeors rr. faç.yea,vÍ n. nrafa.yellv. gygyrmak.yellotv ødj. sary.yelpu. wnähyrmak.yes a¿lv.hawa.yesterdujt n. düfn,yelyieldyoghurtaclu. entek;adv. e!!ân.v. fan bcrmck.r. gatyk;t çekize.Y-yZ*zyollcrr. yumurtganyñ sarysy.ltott (formnl or pluraQ prtt. siz.)tot¿ (inforutal .singular) pro. seil.adj. yaç.yourÌgyorff¡rrn. seuiñ;¡tro. sizifr'.yours prc. scnif,ki;pro. siziífl

abadanagârtmek.d-aabadan adj. prospcrous.abadançylyk n. prosperity.abadanlaçdyrmål( u. improve (i.e, a ciry, ahouse).abadanlaçdyrmak u lenovate, rebuild.abanmak v. tor¡/eL over.ubnt ad.¡. proteotcd, intact, unbroken. tjX:Maçgalañyz abat bolsun! May your familyrernain unbrolcen!abatlyk r. logethcrness.abatlyk n. wholeness.abray n. honoL, reputalion, prestige. arrthority.abraflandyrmak v. pronlote.ab ray ly ¿rdj. authorita tive, reputab le, presti gous,abstrakt{r) adj. abstact.AB$ abàr. USA (United Sfates of, America).¡l¡Sarmah rr pdcleñrlly (to act...). Re.f: lit: l'o standwith ore's fèet apalt. to act priclefìllyabuna n. subscr'þtion (subscliptiorr to aperioclìoal).abyny-tabyny almak v. leam the íns and outs (ofa business) EX: Ol bu içiñ abyny-tabyny alan.Hc has leaured the ins oncl outs of this business.abyrsyz nrþ tireless.al¡zal r. tool (small tool pliers, hammet, elc.),equipment.abztllaçdyrmak n equip,¿tç adj.htngtY.âç-âçan adj. freely, openly.açâr r. kay.odj. greedy^çEoz açlyk n. hunger, appetite. EX: Açlyk bolsunl Mayyou have a good appetite.açlyk n. famine. EX: Hasylyfi gowy bolmanlygysebäpli açlyk boldy. There was a famine becauselhere was not a good harvest.açmâk v. open.açmâk v. tum on (i.e. a light etc.).açyk adj. apen.aÇyk adj. clear (i.e. the sky). EX: Açyk asman. Clearsky.açyk ho\üådt id. orrt-of-doors.âçylyç r. opening, prernier (opening).açy$ Æ.discovery.ada n. island.adag (adaglama) ft. srìgagement ceremony.adaglamah v. bettoth. give in engagementadalat n. justice.adalatly adj. tatr.adalatsyz adi. tmfar.adalga ¡r. term. lrX: Fiziki adalgalar. Phy;ics tcrms.OR Physics tetminology.adam n. person, humar.adûm n, husband.adam baçyna ful- perperson EX: Geliä adam baçynaüç sözlem rliìzetlifi. Let's make ilp lhreesç¡rf onces pe{ pef solì.aelamçy adj. Ref: prone to attacking people maneatingEX: Onuñ iti adamçy. IJis tlog is a mancatingdog.adamçylyk Í.huïancness.adamkärçilik r.philantht'opy, charity,humanitadanism.adamlar ir, peoplc,adamlyk sry' -man EX: 150 adarnlyk zal. 150 personauclitolir¡m.tdamzat n. mankind.¿tlàt n. custoll1.aclatça ¿rdv. traditionally, cttsfonrarily, normally,ada tdan daçary acly. extraordinary.:tdaty acf. usual, notmal, typical.adâty dâladj. nnuslìal, abnormal.adaty yaraglar ¡r. conventional weapons.tdministratsifa(r) ¡¡. adminislration.adres(r) ¡r. address.ady belli adj. Srmous, well known.adygan adj. ReJ': see ady belliadykmah v, fhmous(become...).adyl uclj. just (fàir), wise. fair corr€ct ÍÌX: Adyl beg.A just king OR A wise king.adyndaky adl. narned after. EX: Magtyrngulyadyndaky Türkmen Döwlet Universiteti. 'fheTurkmen National lJniversity named afterMagtymguly. OR Magtynguly TtukmenNational University.aeroport(r) n. airporlâga n. ReJ-: ftrrmal terut of acldress f'or an elder rnanuncle elder brotherAgãç n. üee.egaç fl. wood.âgaç uSSaSy r. catpenteL, woodworker.âgâççy r?. carpentet. woorlworker.âgâjet adi. withered. wrínkleclagalyk etmek v. reign, rulc.agalyk sürmek v. Ref: see agalyk etmekâgarân r. fbam, froth (especially on çal).agafmAk ì?. whiten. tum whiteagartma ru. whitewash.âgartmal( u. whitewash.9129/20rJ9Turkmen-Errglish Dictionary

agdar-diiñderagdar-diiñder ¡d. trpside down.agdar-düñder etmek v. tum npside down.agdarmak v. tunr (i.e. a page), turn over. EX: Menköne kitabyñ sahypalaryny mazaly agdatclym. Iturued the pages of the old ïrook oarelillly.agdarmak v. tilI. Ref: liü to turir over the soilagdyk n. much (too...), sutplus.ag d.vklyk n. superiority.agdyklyh n. surplus.agentlik(r) r?. agency.aglaba z, nnjority.aglaba adv. oftettaglak r. crybaby, whiner.aglamak v. cry, weep fwept, weptl.aglatmak r,. cry (to nmke soneone...), tears (tobring someone to...).agmak r¿ overflow.agralmak v. gain weight.agralmak y. advance in pregnancyagralmal( y. v¿orsen (i.c. an illless), gro\ry morecornplicated (i.e. an illness)âgram n. wcight.agram r. heaviness.âgram artdyrmak v. gain weight. EX: Menagramymy artdydym. I gained weight.agram salmak v. oppress. Rel' lit: to press heavilyEX; Ðaglar ;iere, beg hallca agram saljar. Themountains press tJre earth, the ruler oppressesthe people.agramlamak v. weigh.figrâmlâmâk v. evaluate.agrâmly ad_i.heavy.ågras ødi serious (notjoking).âgsÐk adj.lame.agSAmAk u linrp.âgçâm r. evening.ågËÐmlyk nahar /i. supper, dinner.agtarmâk u. search for, seek fsought, sought.l.Agtåryç n. searchagtyk n, grandchild.agy n. oryttg,weeping.a[fl n. coral, pen (i.e. for livestock).agln adv. all completely EX: Onufl barlag içi agynfalfryg. His tlictation was oompletely wrong.agyp-dönip id. fteely unfbnced (when talkingabout livestock) EX: Yazda öriide gojtrnlaragyp-dönip fördiler. In the sprirrg the sheeprange freely in the field.agyr qdj, heavy (lit. and Êg.).agyr aclj. difficult (of a siaration).ddj. serious (i.e. a problem).^Eyr agyr degmek v. offencl, insrrlt. -Rel. lit: to touchheavilyagyr götermek r'. lift a weight.ahwal¿tagyrak adj. patutulagyrly adj.painßtlagyrmâk v. htrl [hurt, hufi], ache, sore (to be.,.)âgyrmak u. offended (to be...) insulted (to be...)agyrtmak v. injur:e, hurt (hurt someone else). inflictpalnâgyrtmak v. offend, in,sult¿tgyry n. pain, ache, sore.Agyry Í. wony concefiragyz n. tnouth.ùgyz n, ent'y (entryway).ùgyz àçmak u brcak a fast. .Rel' Iit: åo open one'smouthagyz beklemêk ¿ fast. ReJ: lit: to block one's mouthâgyz suwârmak v. Re.f: lit: for ore's mouth towater IX: Berriñ dofrdurma i¡iþ duranyrygörüp meniñ agzym $uw¿udy. \Vhcn I saw theicecream Ben was eating, my trouth watered.agyz suwÍIrtfnak y. water (make one's lÏrouth.,.).EX: Bazardalcy ir-ijrrniçler'ÃBzyñy suwartyar.The fi-uit from ilre bazal malces one's mouthwat$r.agyz Sulvy n. drirking water,'ùgzà tx. member (of a group). EX: Bu maçgalanyfihemme agzalary TÈ'u'kmcnçe gowy bilfär. Allthe rnembers ofthis fbmilyknow Turkmen well.'ùgzà tx. organ (of the body - heatt, liver, etc,).ùgza n. part of a senteuce (i,e. subject, prcdicate).agzalà adj. conflict (in...). eugaged in fightiug lrX:Çagalar hiç liaçan agzala bolmaly dâl. ühildrenshould nsverbe in conflict.agzalalyk r. conflicf, discord#. disagreemeutagzalmal( v. mentioned (to be...).agzàlyk n. membership.agzamak y. mention,agzy biçmek u, burnecl (to get...) (fig.). EX: Menbh gezek fapdan böküp agz¡rm biçcli, indi nrendiñe köpLûden geçjek. One timè I got burnetljumping across the canal, in the future I willonly cross the bridge,agzybir adj. AiendlyagzybÍr adj, peacefnlagzybirlik a. fiiendship.ah çekmek u sigh, moan,ahbetin in{. Ref: see ahyryahl¿h r. moral.ahlaky adj. moraT,ethical.ahmal adt. prcbably possiblyahmyr r. regret.ahmyr etmek v. regret. grieveahun ¡¡. fty' alchun: a Muslim elder aud teacher,paÉicularly a legal scholar*hwalat ¡r. situation¿hwalat n. adverb.Trukmen-English D ictio nary9n9n009

ahyrahyr n. end. EX: gu filr¡in ahyLy gyzykly. Thc endofthe film is iltercsting.ahyr r. kough.ahyr odu. finally. EX: Ahy biz içímizi gutaldyk.Finally we finished oru 1vork,ahyry adv. after all. EX: Ben, sen cli[in gelmediñahyry. Ben, yestetday yot didn't come aller all.ajal n. death end

albom(r)albom(r) r. album.alça n. cherry plum.alçak adj. outgoitg, sociable.alçak adj. open-minded.aldamak u. lie, deceive,aldanmak v, decieved (to be...), misled(tobe...).aldaw ¡r.lie,aldawçy n.li¿r.aldygyna adv. to the best of one's ability one's bestEX: Men buni aldygyny etdim. I kied my best todo this.aldym-berdimli i¿. back-¿nd-forth (i.e. back-andforthfight), liard fbught EX: Aldyrn-berdimlisõwcç. A back-and-forth battle.algy ir. debt, loan (a loan that is taken).algytlar a. creditor, lcnder.aljyramak r¿ unea$y (to be.,.), ner1,/orls (to be...).aljyramak u. confused (to be.,.).aljyraññy adj. alivmed,nLlvons.nlka¡ r. dnrnk, alcoholic.alkogol(r) r. alcohol.alkym r. chin.alkym aclv. closeall

tflk-tañk bolmakañk'tañh bolmak u lose one's head. to not knowwhat to do ÐX: Haçan-da talaflçylar öfünegireulerinde, Jason afik-tañk bolcly. lVhen thetobbers cams to his house, Jason did not knowwhat to clo OR Whcn the. robbers came to hisItorme, Ja,son lost his head.aíilatma r. expression, phrase.afl latma (durnukly,..) r. expression (fixed,,.).añlatm¿k v. signify, mean [meant, meant].añly adj. surart.añly ad.¡. sober.añmak v. reabze. underst¿rntlaññal r. large scytheañÍiyrmak r: bray (likc, a donkey).tñry-bäri l¿l. all sorts of things, this and thatañryk ¿r¿fy. backwatds. towalil the real lìX: Aürykseret! Ì,ook backrv¿uds! OR Look behind ycrutaflryk údv. over there, there. EX: Añryk geç! Moveovcr therclañrysynda prup. opposite. E,K: Kiçi ulyûyñañrysyncla. Srnall is the opposite ofbig.añrysynda pre1t. far side, opposite sicle. EX: Ciapyja-ú1fi afirysyrda 1'he door is on thc oppositeside of the llouse.aäsat uclj. easy, simple.añsatlaçdyrmak y. easiçr (malce something ...).añsyrmak u. rnderstandañsyz ¿¿li. dim-witted, naive, clueless.añsyz arl;. unconcious, uila\ryare.añçyrmak y. suspect, find out. EX: Onyrì eden içinihiç kim añçyrmady. Nobody suspected rvhat hedid OR Nobody forurcl out what he did.âñyfda arlu. there, ovcr thcrc. EX; Ðükan añyrda,The skrre is over there.aiyrsy görinfän ndr. clear (transparent),tansparent.âñyrsynâ çykmak v, finish complete EX: Men ¡uldtabyñ afiysyna çydym. I finished the book.añzak r. cold snap, cold weatherâp-âk rd. thç whitestaparmak n take away. l:X; Kimclir biri çaganyño¡ftutjagyny aparypdyr. Someone took away thechilclren's toy.âpârmâk r,. oatclr (i,e. au animal). IiX: Awçykepderini apardy. The hunter caught the pigeon.àpâ-t tt. disaster.âpelsin(r) n. orange.appÐrât(r) n, apparatus.Aprel(r) n. Aprit.apy-tupan n. gale, storm (shong storm)4f /r. revenge.'àfa ,?. space (i.e. between two things).rz. wagon, cart.^tàbÍi aråbåglanyçyk,?. relatiorship, conueotion.arhitelrtura(r)araç¿ik ¿. bordcr' (lit. and fig.), boundary (lit. andfig.).araçäkdeç a¿ll. borcleling (sharing a border).areçy r¡. intermediary, messenger.eraçy ¡a, mediator.arada a¿dv. belween. EX: Biziñ öjimiz bilen aradabir jaf bar. Between our houses there i.s onehouse,aradâ arlv. recently. EX: Arada ejem jañ etdi. Mymother called recently.aradan c¿Á¿ sinoc that time F,X: Aradau az wagtgeçensoñ olar yzyna dolandylar. A little timeafter coming, tbey went baok.aradan çykan adj. deceased.aradân çykmak 1,. pa$s away,aradaçlyk x. space (i.e, bctween two tbings),distance (betweerr fwo things). DX; ÞIary biler:Açgabatyñ ararlarslygy nähili? What is tltedistance betweerì Ashgabat and Mary?,ârÊgatnaçyk ¡r. communication.¿Ìrâgezer n. gossip (the person), tattle-tale.arah n. vod[

arhiw(r)arhiw(r) r. archive.a'rlra n. back (of the body, of a page).aÍkt n. generation.Itka n. ancestorsarkadafanç n. backer, dcfender'. supporterarkalaçyk r. cooperation.arkasynda adv. behincl.arkayyn adi. calm. peaceli.rl without woryarkaiyn bolmak v. rely on, count on. EX: Mençu kitaby Sam fazyçar di¡fip arka¡fyn bol¡faryn. Iam relying on Sam to write this book with me.arkaiyn bolm¿k v. \\,orry (to not...). EX:Arkaf yn bol! Ðon't worrylarlyk n. swaddling clothes.atmân cotú. rurfortrurately. but unfortunately EX:Men te*fi'a gitjekdim arrrran fagyg fagdy. I w+sgoing to go to the theater, unfcrrtunately irlained.armiia(r) n. a1ïry, military.afmyt n. pear.ar-nåmys r. honor (integrity), integrity.n. barley.^tp arryk arú. scrawn¡ thinarryk ødj.batran(i.e. of lancl).arryklamak y. losq weight.ârryklamah y. b¡uen (to become,..),arslan r¡. lion.arslan yurek id. ReJ': lit lion-hearted braveartdyrmak y. increasc (i.e. quantity or quality).artdyrmak y. elevate.artdylTlmak v. elevatecl (to be...). increased (tobc...)artist(r) n, artist, actor.artmak v. clear away. EX: Her gän ol sygyr !'atagya*yar. Each day he clears away the cor,v lrarrrtr'e.artmak u. peel. ËX: Kartoçka artyñ. Please peel thepotato.artmâk v. left over (to be...). tsX: rl,gçaurlyk nahatüçin ifmit alanymdau sofi mende 10,000 man¿tartdy. After buying food for dinner I had 10,000manat left over.artyk ad,j. extra, excess.artykmaçlyk n. Ref: see artykAry n. bec, wasp,ùfz n. complaint¿rz etmek v. complain.?.Ízä n. cornplaint (written...).ir-fz,^ n. application. EX: Eger sen içlemek isleseñ,aua yannaTy. If you want to work you must filIout an applioation.arz^ft adj.cheap.ãÍzùnlîtm'à ¡r. discount.aIzïW r. wish, dream (wish).asakarzuvy etmek r.'. wish, dream [dreamed/dreamÉ"dreamed/dreamtl.as n. tizatd.âsfalt düçemek ¡?. pave,asfalt(r) n. asphault.asgyn ndi.weak (of aperson,lit. and fig.).âsgynlyk ad7. weakness (of aperson, lit. and fig.).asgyrmak v. sfleeze,asla adv. :lrrdeed, EXI Asla, ol öj'de tfä1. Indeed, he isnothome.asly r. origin BX: Meniñ kakamyñ asly I'iirkmen,My father's origin is Turkmen.asly r,. source (i.e. of a river').aslynda adv. generally.asmâ r. pendattt.åSnrâk v. hang fhtrng, hung], hang up. EX: Men egineçiklerimigañrakcla asdym. I hung up myclothes on the hook.a$mân r. sky, hear'en.aspirânt(r) r. graduats studeut, sfudent (graduatesludetrt),â.SSÐ atlj. slow , quiet. caln4ssortiment(r) zr. assortment, selection.t¡ssotsiatsii n{r) n. association.ASSR uhhr. Ref, ASSJI: autonomous soviet sociali.strepublicâssyfyn adv. secretly. EX: Eger rugsat yok bolsa,sen assy'ryn hereket etmeli. IÊ you do nct havepermission, you must ¿ìct secrotly.assyrynlyk r¡. seo¡etivencss. EX: Ol assyrynlykbilen gaçyp gitdi. IIe went away in secret. lit: Hewent away with secretiveness.âsud4 øclj. peaaefu./r (oalm), caLn (of a plaoe).âsudtllyk n. peaoe (calm).asyl ru. origin, Ref: see example at "asly"asy! nusga adi. original.¿ìsyllar r, ancestors.asylly adj, r.obTe (well blought-up).asyr n, century, age (era). era.AS ru, ponidge.aS r¡. fbodaç bermek v. give a feast in honor of a cleceasedrelativeaça adv. more thau lìX: l3u masyn meniñmaçynyndan aça gymmat. That car is moreexpensive than my car,aça adv. exfremely very EX: Ol lilisçäni aça çaltöwrendi. He learned English extremely quickly.aça düçmek v. sick (be ... of something). EX: Mengawundan aça düçdim, I am sick ofmelon.açak adv. down.agak ødj.low.àSàk prep. below, under.açak zr. bottom.Turkmen-English Dictionary 9129,2009

âflalryaçâlry dc\. Íex| ons down, ono lo\4/er EX: O[ bizdenaçaky gatcla ¡façajrar. He lives on the next floorclown fiortr us.âçåky äñ n. jaw.asafyk arlv. downâÇgâr n. lye.'ùqgaziln ¿4. stornach.a$gåir cr17. obvious, revealed, well knownftShana rr. cafcteria.âçhanâ ¡r. kitchen.açmak y. oloss over' (i.e, a rivcr, a street), closs irto(i,e. a region), sürpass,ÍrÇna rz. li'icndaçpez z. cook.açygyñ alçy gopmak l pelfbnn well. Ref lit; tobe lucky at the the game of, ashik EX: Synagdaseuiîi a$ygyñ alçy gopdy. You performedexcellently o¡r thç exam.aglk n. Ref: a gtme in which pìeces of sheep spincare thrown like diceaçyk [à;çykl n. lover.asyl( bolmak u fall in love" love (fall in...).a\qyk bolmak v. wr.¡o.at þtl n. hotse.at fa:f|at la:tlat [a:tlrr. ilamc.n. fitle, heading.r?. nouu.at çalyçana fl. pronoilr (i.e. you, we, they)17. personal pronoun,at çalyçmasyat ç¿tpyçyk ¡r. horse lace.ilt g z nln arfj. honored. ReJ: lii: having earned aname^tar. granrlfather. fatherata-babalaf ¿. ancestors.atâ-eneler n. parents.àtàgzy n. pliers. ReJ: Iit: horse's moutlratalar sözi i¡. Ref: Tit words of our ancestols proverbâtanâk n. cross.atanak-çekmeh v. cra.ss out. EX: Olsanawnama

afagyñ açagynda bolmahthe fisld,afagyñ açagynda bolmak v. in the way (tobe.,.j. Ref: lit; to be underfoofayak n. foot.ayak r.leg.t!'ak adj. end of something EX: Ayyir alagy. En

a¡fyrmakbngyç etmehafyrl Rernove thc cloolc from on top of the table.afyrmak v. take off (not clothes).nfyrrnak u. subtract.a¡iyrmal< belgisi z. mimrs sign.az odj.littïe (amourrt), fèw,'àzàl n.p\ow.azålmak v. rednced (to be...), decrease.azaltmak v. reduce, decrease.laz*n laz'æ:*l a. morning {Da;oguz dialect)'ùzùn lazaznl n. Ref the muslim call to prayerazan la:zan| n. bad p(rr$on'ù:¿ùp n. hard wolktt. pain, suffering^zLt azaï n. tr:ouble, aniloyatÌce.azar hermek r.'. bother. ReÍi lit: to give troubleazar berrnek u. annoy.ùte.rfl gofmak v. trofher. ReJ: lit: to put fioubleB-bazåñmâk v. lost (to become...),tzÙt adj. free, liberated.azat etmek u. free (set...).azatlyk r. freedom, liberty.azatlyk gazanrnak y. fieeclom (gain...). gairrfreeclomâzdyrmak u. ruin_, colupt.azlyk n. minority,âzlyk r, shorlage.azlyk bolup galmak u. minority(to bein the...).aznr ufmâk u threaten.azyk n.provisions.aryndan ø¿ly. at least. l'jX; Ilernmeleriä azyndanorta bilimi bolnraly. Evelyoue should havc alleast a highschool education.bal¡a ø. grandläther (rnother's father).babadaç n. relativc (clistant...).babatda ød7. concertring, r'cgardiug ÐX: Bu babatdabit zat aftjakrny? Will yorr say somethingregatding this?babatdan conj. frow tlrat, that's r.vhybada n, Ref: crp, mug (rare, used when makingloasts)ba,ùn ct dv. immecliatelybaùa adv. initially, at first.nädogry. Initiælly thecorrsct.bada-bat a¿Ä¿. irunediatelybaclarn r. egg¡rlant.badam ¿. almoncl.badarn.ian n. eggplantbadat n. sweetpotato.EX: Bada berlen joga¡ranswer given was notbadyna adj. as soon as. EX: Dostum öymüze gelenbadyrra, biz çähere getdik. As soon as my friendalrived at my house we went to the city.badyny almak u. stop (stop someone), iuterfere(intelfere with). infeuupl EX: Haçan-da bizfirtbol ojnap baçlamyzcla fagan ¡fagyç biziñbadymyzy aldy. Whcn lve began to play the raiuinterfbrcd with oru game. OR When we began toplay the rain interrupted ou game.bag n. garden.bag n. treç,bag a. string lstrung, strung], lace (i.e. shoelace).baga bakmak v. fatten (i.e. a cow).bagaä(r) n.baggage.bagaå(r) r¡. ffurk (ofa car).bagana n. sheep skin,bagana n. ReJ: Astrakhan (wool rug)bagban n. garctener.bagjyk n. shoelaoe, lacc (i.c. at the ncck of aturtmen dress).baglamak v. tíe (i.e. a krtot).baglamak r. join, conreat.baglamak v. block. darrrbaglamak u. closebaglanmak u tied (to bç..,), Çonacçtçd (to bç..,),baglanyçyk n. connectiott, tie (connectiorr).ba glanyçykly adj. uniterJ.ba glanyçykly odj. couected, líuked.baglaçmalc v. conolude ar agreement.baglayjy r. conjunctio¡r.bagly arly. connectecl.bagly adl. dependent,bagly bolmak v. clepend on. EX: Jasongedeninden soñ surv taslamasynyñ amalaa$magy Orionyñ ukybyna iragly bolar. AftetJason left it happened flrat the water project willdepend on Orion's ability.bagra basmak v.hug, cmbracebagryndan-tinen id. Rel! liÍ that which has growrfron¡ one's livcr ofßpring childrenbagçy r. bard,bagt n. luck.bagt n.happinessba gtly adj. lappy, tucky.bagtsyz adj. unhappy. unluckybagyr n. Iiver.bagyr n. heafi and soul (fig.)bagyrmak [ba:gyrmakl v, bellow (i.e. a camel).bagyç etmek v. ReÍ: seebagyçlarnak912912009 Turkm en-English Dictionary

agyçIamabagyçlama ¿. dedication.bagyçlama n. giftbagyçlama r. justiflcation, exct$e.bagyçlamak v. forgive f:Êorgave, forgiven], excuse.bagyçlamak v. give (as a gift)bagyçlamak v. dedicate. EX:Meniñ kakam önuänimugallymçylyk kärine bagyçlady. My fatherdedicated his life to teaching.bagyçlanmak u given (to be given as a gifi) EX: Busüfjiler Jeysona bagyglandy. These canclies weregiven to Jason.bagyçlañ inl¡. excuse rne.baha n. pricc, value.baha n. grade (mark), EX: Mekdcpde Arslan diñebäçlik bahalary alfar. Atslan gets only "live"marks in school.bahaçyl n. Ref onç who sclls his goods at a highpflcebahalamah u price, assign a price.baltalaçmak v. haggle. bargain.bahana r. excuse.bahanalamak v. exouse (to find an...). use as anexcuse EX: Men çörrgi bahanalap b'¿zarugitilim. I usçd bread âs an excuse to go to thebazaat.bahar n. Ref literaty word spring (the season)bahasyz adj. priceless.bahyl arlf envious, jealous.bahyl ød7'. greedy, stingy.bahyllyk re. envy, jealousy,bahytlyk n. greed, stinginess.bahym adv. soolbaja n. brother-in-law (witè's sistcr's husband).bajy n. sisterbajy n..Ile/ husbancls sistc'r sister-in-lawbajyk n. lace (i.e. shoe lace), string.bakalefa(r) ir. grocery store, supermarket.bakat(r) il. m;rg.bakaly v. c'monbakja ø. vegetable garden.balija n, kindergarteu.b¿kmtk u. look upon. look at EX: Menokuwçylaryma mtihir bilen bakfaryn. f lookupon my students with affection.bakm¿k v. look after (i.e. anirnals), pasture. EX:Ya:zdabiz goyunymyzy dagda balc¡farys. Ia thespring we pasture the sheep in the mourtains.EX; Tomusda men kakam bilen goj'urtbak¡iaryr. In the summer I look after the sheepwith my father,balanak (bir agza...) ld. aot as onebalcnalyk a. bondage.bak(r) n. tank (i.e. fbr gas). EX: *Benzin baky. Gastank.barlvkbakterifa(r) n. bacteria.baky adj. eternal.bakyfet n. eternity.bal r. honey.t¡al n. jam, jelly.bala r. clrild (often a terrn of endeatment) EX; Meniñbalam. My child.balak ,7. pafits, trousets.balary n. honeybee,balçy r. beekeeper.baldak r. stçtn.baldyz r. sístelin-law (husband's younger sister).balet(r) r. ballet.balyk n. fish.balykçy r. fìsherman.balykgulah n. shell.banderol(r) n. package.bank¿(r) n,.iar.bank(r) n. bank (i.e. for moncy).banfa(r) n. batluoom.bap r. chapter (in a book).bar v. have [had, had]. EX: Mcnde qol kitap ejjambar. I already have that boolc,bar adj. allEX: Bar rne¡iletinçiler Açgabarla geldiler.All the volunteers came to 4lgabat.bar r,. there is\thcre are. EX: Yigrirninji mckdeptle1,100 okur,vçy bar. At School 20 there æe 1,100stuclents.barabar adj. equal.barabarlyh n. sirnilarity.barada pos. about (regarding), concerning,regardìng. EX: .r$na hemiçe egin-eçik bru'adaajdfar. A¡fna always tall

armahbarmak u go [went, gone].barmak v. ,Rel' when followinginclicatcs continuous actionbar"_ian. I am going,a gsruncf thisEX: Men gidipbarmak n. ftngero toe, ReJi Eliñde bolsa, "finger"di¡imeli, ajakda bolsa "toe" dilimeli.bannah (baçln,..) n. thumbbarmak (kiçi...) z. pirky finger.b¿rrmak (híilem-..) r. ring filger.barmak (orÉa.,.) zr. middle finger.barmak (süfem...) n. index fingerbars(r) a. leopard.bary adj. all HX: Bary çruny? Is this all?bary r. wlrole, entire EX; Mcn bu gowunyñ balyttyiÍdym. I atc tlris whole melon.barybir aclv. all thc same. EX: "(ielme!" ol dicliemnìa rÌreu barybil gelerin. "Don't come!" hçsaid but I will come all the same. EX: Alma,banan, barybir', Applc, bannaua, it's all thc samc.baryp odv. as ear[y as, as long ago as EX;Parahatçylyk Korpusy Tt'rrkmenistanda baryr1993-nji fylda içlâp basl¿tly. Poaoe Corps begarrio work in 'Iurlcmenistan as eally as 1993.baryp görmek v. visit.bary-¡iogy id. on|y l-X: Ilolodilnikde trary-fogy üçpomidor bar. In the lef igera(or there are onlythree tonÌatoe.s.basa-baslyk r. crowd. EX: Otþda basa-baslyktroldy. I'hcrc lvas a crowd of people ou the train.Biz bu kinonyi bilctlini basa-bas bolup safyraldyk. We bought ticlcets to [ris film clespite tJrecrowc[.basgançak ¡r. stairs.basgançah r. step (stair), stair, nurg, levelbasgançak n. grade (slopc), slopc.basgylarnak v. trample.baslangyç mekdcp r. elementary school, primarysohool.basmak ì¿ press.basmak v. r,vin (win a game).basmah ì,. overgro\ry. EX: *Köne bagy ot bascly.Grass overgrew the old garden.bassyr ødj, back to back. in a row EX: Ol rneniñÍanyma bassyr üç gtîn geldi. lle came to methree clays in a row.bassyrma r. shed, awnmg.basylrnah v. ti¡ed (be ... of something). i:lX: Mençorbaclan halys basylclym! I am so tired ofsoup!basylmali v. Ilel'passìve voice form ofbasmakbasym n. acçsnt (stress), stress (i.e. phonefic).basym adv. soott,basymsyz ad, unstresseel (in pronuncia¿ion)-basyp alm¿ n. occupalion, conquest.basyp almak v. roflquer, dornilrate.baçga hala geçmelcbasyrganmak v. delirious (to be...), Ry' to speakor move in one's sleepbasyrmak v. coYerbasyrmak u. hide, conceal lbasyç r?- pressure, tensiou. ËX: , UIy basyçly tokgeçiriji. High tension power line. EX: Ganbasyçy. Bloocl presstue.baç ¡r, headbaç n. beginnìng.baç r. top. EX: Agaçyñ baçy. The top of a trce.baç agyrtmah u discuss.baç atmak u. nod. Ry' to nocl one's head in g¡çetingbaç aflanmak v. dizz.y (to bc...).baç çykarmak v. undcrstand (understand firlly),klow (know everylhing about). EX: Menkomputerdcn oñat baç çykaniaryn. I lcnowoverything about computers.baç dtiçüm ¡r. nominative case.baç galdyrmalc v. intercsted (to be,,.). tiX: IIiç himbu içe baç galdyrmady. Notrody is intelested inthis r.vork.baç galdyrrnah v. oppose.baç goçmak u unclertakc (i.e. a project) [undet'took,undertaken].baç san ¿r. Iivostock.baç üstíine irl. yori're welcomebaça barmak v. succeed EX: Otaryñ maksatnamasybaça bannacly. Their plan did nrrt succeed.baça-baç adt,. one on one.baçagaf øø|. prcoccrrpiecl.baçagaf adj. agitated.baçagaflyk r, panìc.baçam barmah n. thumb.baçarjañ adj. capable, skilled, skilltul.baçarma r. capability abilitybaçarmak v. caq able (to be...). EX: Mentärkmençe okamagy baqaryaryn. I can reaclTurlcmen.baçarnyk n, ability, skill.baçarnykly ødj. skilled skillfi-tl capablebaçaça ad.j. alternately, every other. EX: Herhatarda gyzlar we oglanlar baçaça ohrmaly. hreach row boys and girls rnust sit alternately.baçaçah ød¡ upside down.baçaflanma n. dizziness.baçda adv. at {rst in the beginningbaçdan-ajak ¡d. from beginning to end from headto toebaçdaç adj. first EX: Baçctag afaly. First wif'e.baçga adj. othe¡ another. EX: Çagalar baçga otagagitmeli, The children mrst go to the other room.baçga adj. rnorc. EX: Saklan! Bize baçga ruçkagerelc däl. Stop! TVe do not need more pçns.baçga hala geçmek v. harsform. IrX: uiipek9/2912009 Turkmen-English Dictionary 1I

açga perdeden gopmalcgurqugy baçga hala geçip bi$äl. Ol kebelegeöwrülfär. A caterpillar can transform. It turnsinto a butterfiy.baçga perdeden gopmak u. disagreebaçga perdeden gopmak v. change onc's mincl.baçgaça a¿íu. differently. in a different manner EX:IVIen onuñ bilen baçgaça gürlegedn. I will speakwith hirn diffèrentlv.Baçgün ø. Monday.baçky adj. fnstbaçlamak u. lregin [began. begun.l, start.baçlangyç rz. sfart, beginaing.baçlanmak ì¿ sta$ed (to be...).baçly-barat adi. disoryanize{ chaotic.baçly-barat adt. completely. EX: Ilki qu iEi baçlybaratgutaraly. Lc't's finish the work completely.baçlylc r. leader, boss,baçlyklyk rr. leadership.baçlyklyk etmek v. lead [ed,le

ejermekbejermek r¿ manufacturebejermek y. work (i.e. land).bek adj. Ref see berkbeklemek v. block.bekre ,4. strugsotr.bela n. disaster, misfurtune.bela-beter n. Ref: errphatic form ofbela disas{erbelent adi. great. highbelentHk ø. heightbelentlik ra, greafiess,belentlik n. altitudc.belgi n. mark, puìctuation mark, EX: Sorag belgisi.Qucstion mark.belgi n, licensc plate,belgí r. sign.lrelgilenme úik adj. unmarked.belka ru. squirrel,bellrern adv. maybe perhapsbelki a¿iv. -Reli see belkeinbellemek v. cclcbratcbellemek u norninate, appoint.bellelnek v, pay attention tù take note of EX:Oknwçylal belläñl Sapaga gijä galmaly dlil.Students take notel You must noÈ be Iale for thelesson.bellenme ørf7. nomination, appointment.hclli adj. fantous, ',vell-knownbelli bahasy Íok rd invaluablebellige almak v. regisler.bellik z. marking.bellÍk n. note. EX: Terjimeçiniñ belligi. Translator'snote.bellik r. Iicense nlatc.bellÍk etmek v. mark. EX: Ol her 5ialiryçy belliketdi. He marked every mistake.bcllisini ctmek v. clecision (to make a final...).bende r. .Ref,'person ([if servant of god)bendi ri. prisoner (lit. an

etlikbetlik r. míschief.betnebis adj. greedybetnifet arli. plotting, evil.betnyçan adj.ugly.beton(r) ir. corcrete,bctpåil adj. Ref: see betbei adv. Ref: see be¡ilebefan n. description, tclling (of an event). EX: Içifibeyany. Job description.befan etmck v. describe (describe an event).befanat ¡?. stjatement.befanat ¡¿. míûutes (i.e. of a meeting).be¡iannama rr, âccotrlt (desoription of events).tellingbefannama n. topic.beyemçi r. nrilnager, EX: Ol bu restorauyiibej'emglsi. Hc is the manager oflthis rcstaurant.befewan /r. steppe.beygelmek y. increase (i.e. quantity).befgelmek y. raise (elevate),befik odj, sreat.beyik adj.tall Tngebeyih adj. farnonsbefik r. ridge. crestbefiklik n. heightbefiktik r. greatness.beyiklik belgisi n. altitnde.hcfikli-pcsti ,'d. high and low, one ancl allbeyle adt, so. like that EX: Dogrysy, bejle dtil. Intrnth, it is not so.befle adj. srch. that kind of ËX: Men be.ile owadannevL^f scen such aaty gönnedim. I havsbcautiful horse.beúle adv. [ha[. those. ËX:Bu Juma cläl. Jumatleflede. This is nof Juma. That is Jtrma.befleki od;. other. different EX: Mrgallymlarbefleki welafatlardan hem maslahata geldiler.Teachers from other velcyats camc t

idinbir effämbidin oclj. atheist. Ref: Iitt without religionbus.bÍdin ød7. without pennission , bilenÍ-biteni adv. all ûrat one has ever known. EX:bidüzgÍin ad7. undisciplined.Onuir bileni-biteni çu oba. This village is all thatbidÍizgünçilik ø. disorder.biedep adj. twde, impolite.bigafrat adj, cowudly.bigünä ørl¡ innocent,he has ever knowu.bilesigeliji n. cunous person,bilct(r) n. ticket.bilezÍk n. bracelet (for a woman).bihabar adj. uninformed, EX: Ol rnaÍia hiç zat bilgeçlefin adv. intentionally, purpose (on...),ayttnacly. Men bihabar, He didn't tell me deliberately.anything. I am uninformed.bihafa nrlj. shameless, insolent.bihepbe orl¡ useloss, good for nothinghiia! adi. urconveniçnt. uncomfbrtablebijaf adi. uneven. ß.ql: lit: notflathij'a{ odj, inappropriate,bija¡f adu. verybije n. fatehije atmak v. flip a coin. choose lotsbilgeçlände r\ udv. Refi see bilgeçlefinbilgiç ¡r. fbrtune tcller.bilÍm rr, education, knowledge.hilirndar ¡¡. scholar, wise man.hilimli adj. eðucated.bilÌmsiz adl. uneducatçd.biliñi berk guçamak ¿/. clo something withdetcnlination EX; Eger sen ifilis dilini ör,vlenjekbolsafl biliñi berk guça! If yorr want to leauHnglish, sludy with dctçrmination!lrilranun udj. illegal,lawlcss.bilranun hereket ¡¡. c¡'ime. Ref: ht: illegal action bilmek v'. know [knew, known'[,bikanunlyh ødj.lawlessness.bikarar adj. impatientbilre ru. lady. F.X: Of bikesi. T'he lady of the house. bimarnla adj. wroag at faultbiklir ødj. idIe. ReJi lir: withorÉprofession birnamla ad7. at fault.bil r. waist, baok (if it lluts), flX: Meniñ bilim bimaza a¿l-¡. playftl, Ile.f: lit: without calmagyny'ar. My back hurts OR L have a back¿¡che. himaza adj. unfi:iendly.EX: tbiË n. rniddlebil açylmak l'. menstruate.bÍl baglamâk r.'. trust, rely un, count ofi,bitagyry ¡2. backache.Itilbil ia. nightingale.bitdiriç n. arìrouncement, advertisement,bildiriç etmeh u announce.bÌldirmek v. express, known (to make...). wam.bilmek v. Ref': Io be able to (following genurd) EX:Meu tikin tikip bilfarirr. I know how to sew.bimaza acl_¡. sleepless.bina n. biritding.binaçy ia. builder, construction wor{

ir gezekbir gezek edv, once one timebir meñzeç ad1'. identical, uniforrn.bir mc¡idan ld. awhile, aperiod of timebir ürküçli düye r. camel (Arabìan camel).bir sydyrgyn odv. corrsisteut.bir sydyrgyn atff. ruriform, consecutive.bir wagtda id. atthe same timelrir wagtlar adt. one time oncobir zamanlÃr adv, past (in the...).bir zat n. sourething.biragyzdan ø¿lr'. unanimously. Relr lit: û'om onemorrlhbiragyzdan crr:r!. unaminous. Rel' lit; fi'om onemou{hbirahat adj. uncornfortable.biraz ødl. very littlcbirazajyk adj. ReJ: seebirazbirbada adv. at{nst, initially.birbada qdv. immsdiately, right away. suddenlybirçak adj.longtrgobirden alu. sucldenly.birdenkä adv. Re[: see birde¡rbirdir-ikidir ndv. once or twicebirek-birek ¿r¿l¡,. one anothet, each other. EXrDostlar j,yey-yygydan birek-biregiñkämyhnrançylyga barmaly. Friends mr¡.st visit eachother oßen OR Friencls must visit one anotherofæn.birentel< adj. n'øt:tybirgeñsi adj. good wonderfi¡lbirgiden a¿lv. aIoL much manybirhäkimiyetlilik n. avtocraay.birhili adj. unusual. EX: $u gün howa bilhili bolupdür. Today's wcather was vefy unusual.birhili adj. some sort of, a certain llX: Ot birilríli ajyyylgiyat, He smiles in a bitter sort of way.birhili adj.boring.biri n. one of EX; Ol kitaplaryñ birini ofürre akitcli.lle brought one ofthe books home.birigiçmek v. united (to be...), joinbirigün adv, the day after tomoilowt¡irikdirmek r,. join.birikmek v. join, unite. EX: Ol t?ize komandabü'ikdi. He joined thc new team.birihmel< u. reuoncile (after a divorce). EX: Olara¡frylygmdan iki ¡iyl sofl birikdiler. They werereconcilecl two years after they welc diyorced.birin-birin üdv. in cletail, from begiming to endbirinji num.'first.birleçdirmek v. fasten, connect.Birleçen Milletler Guramasy r. united NationsOrganization. {INbirleçilr n. alliance,coalition, rmion.birleçmek y. unite.biziñkibirlän-ikiläÍt adv. once or twicebirlik ¡r. unit.birlik adj.singvlar.birlik sandâ id. in the singularbirlikde uclv- togetlter at thc s¿rme timebirn?içe r. solne.birsyhly a/ir. constanily, continuously. EX: Çagabirsyhly aglafardy, fönc cjcsi ony eçitmefåirdi.The chilcl was crying constantly but his motïerdicl rrot hear him.birtaraplayyn il. unilateral, onc-sided,hirtopar ø. seleral, a group ofbirtüsli aclj. Ref sse birhilibirwagt udv.long age, once.birwagtlttylt\ atlv. once, one titne.birysgal ccl7'. urlucky.bisarpa ødl. rvasteftrl.bis-dÍis r. cooking.bisowat cdl. illiterate.bisyrat adj.vs|ybiç-dûiç ¡r. meal.biçirmek ¿ coo[ç.biçiçmek rr rnature (of a person). develop. BX: Gofol içtäp biçiçsin. Let him develop iu his work.biçmek v. cr¡oked(to be...).biçrnek v. ripon (of fruit or vegetables).bit n. lou.se (the insect), fìea.bitarap øcf, neuÍal.bitaraplyk n. neutrality.Bitaraplyk ai'y n. December.biÉaraplyk derejesÍ n. neutral status.bitay adi. ocld (without a paûuer), without a pzutuerEX: tlitaf jorap. A-n odcl sock.bitewi odj. uuited. wholebitin adi. whole, cntire.bitirmck v. accomplish, fullill. complete (complete atask)bitmek rr. aocomplished (to be...) (i.e. a projsct).FX: Bu taslama bitc{i. The project wasaccourplished,bitmek v. healbÍtmck u. groru [grew, growTl EX: Pagtademirgezikda bitmoi¿ir. Cotton closs not grow inthe North,biwagt adv. atrhewr'ongtime late earlybiwepa adj. dis\oyal.biz prz. we,Itiz [b:iz] n. awl.bizar adj, boñng. a waste of timebizar etmek v. annoy.bizar-petegiñi çykarmak u. annoy. EX: Ol biziäbizar-petegimizi çykaryar He is annoying us.hizift pro. ovr.biziñki pr?. ours.l6 Tilt'km en- En slish Dictionarv 9/29t20{J9

iznesmen(r)biznesmen(r) r. businessman.bizncs(r) z. busiless.blinçik(r) z. pancake.BMG aäår. UN.boçka ø. barrel.bogaz adj. pregnant(of an animal).bogaz ø. flu'oat.bogaz z. stlait. HX: ISering Bogazy. Ì3ering Strait.bogmak v. tie (i.e. a knot).bogmak v. stangle.bogna bölünmel< ¿. divide by syllables.bognamak v. saw (i.e. wood).bogtrh adj. hoarse. IìX: Onyñ sesi boguk, I'Iis voiceis hoa¡se.bogun r. syllable.bogun z. joirt (where something pivots).bohs(r) r. boxing.bokurdagy çafkamakv. gargle.bokurdak n. throat.bol adj. abvntlant plentilìrl.bolanda näme? i¿l. so what?Itolçylyk n. abundancebolgar burç z. bell pepper.boiiagy bolmak Í¿i. it is inevitable, there is nothirrgto bc done. it is dore lrX: Ol basym öIjek.tìoljagy bol

oz,rnakbozrnak v. ruin.bozmak v. break lbroke, brokenl.bozuk odj. destroyecl (broken), broken, ruined(broken).bozllanad¡. ont of tune. btoken not workingproperlybozulma n. tlamage.bökmek ¡,.jump.böküp geçmek v. jump over.bökäç r. jr.rmp.böküç n. dive.bölek n. part, piece.böleh sâtuw r¡, rctail.bölek-bölek ic/. to picces EX: Men kagyzy bölekböleketdirn. I tore ths paper to pieces.bölmek v. divide.bölmek (sözüni...) r,. intenuptböliim n. depar"trnent, section. partbtiliimçe r¡. section.biilüniç r. disrribution.bölünmefän adj. indivisible, inseperable.börek n. Ilqf. botek: pastzr stnftbd with meat, similarto ravioliböri rr. woltböwet r. darn. dike.böwrek n. kiclneys.böwür n. flanlc (ol'a person or anima[). sidebäwürslen r. blackbery.böwüsmek ¡i. l¡reak throngh, penetrate. fiX: Suwböwedi böwüsdi. The water bloke through thedam.britliant(r) r.diamoncl.bu adj. thesebu ¡:ro. this. thesebu tafda edy. IleÍ:Iit this place herebug rr. steam.buga r. bull.bugarma r. evaporation.bugarmak v. st€am.bugdaf ¡¡. wheat.buglamak y. steam.bugra ¡r. camel (Bactrian camel).buhgalter(r) r. bookkeeper, accountant.bukja n. envelope.bukja ¡r. lblder.bukja n. dowry.bukja r. package.bukja r, file (i.e, on the computer).bukmak v. hide (hide an object) [hid, hidden].bukulmak v. hicle (hicle oneself) [hid, hiddenì.conoeal (conceal oneself).buky ad¡. hidden,buky r. shelter.bulaga¡i r. tloublemaker.bfurokratin(r)bulamak v. mix.bulamak ?. Çause frouble (i.e. between two people).bulamak r¿ beckon (with yotrr hancts).bulamak n. Ref a type of soup (eaten duringfauine)bular r¡. thesç.bulasy k acl.¡. rnclear,bulaçyk arlj. unolear.bulut ¡r. cloud.bttlutly adj. cloråy.burawlamak v, drill (a hote).burç r. cor'trer.burç ø. pepper.burç r. angle. È.X: 35 grrrdus burç. 35 degree augle.burgy ø. beginníng of chilclbirth laborpainburmak u. pinch.burun r¡. nose.burun n. Ref: sense of smellburun deçigi r?. riostril.bus-butin adv. oompletcly.buçlamak v. to be the first [o informbuçluh ,4. news (goorl rrews).buçluh n. Ref: a gift givcn to the brirrger of gooclnelvsbuçukmak u. uriuate.but r, thigh, hip.but ¡r. irlol.hut n. hip.buthana ¡e. church.bufan n. licorice,bufmah v. catch cold.bufra r. curl. EX: l3u¡ira saçly. Curlyhaired.bufruk r. command.bufruk f'ormasy rc. imperitive foLrn, commandfotm.bufsanç ir. pride.bufsanjan adj. pwnd.buysanmah odj. proud(to be,..),bufurmak u. order (commanc[), cornmancl.buz n.ice.buz gafmak r. ice cream.buzluk r. glacier.bÍidrcmek u. stumble.büre r. flea.bürÍinç i¡. bronze.bürünç ¡r. rice.büs-bütin adj. Ref. superlative fì:rrn ofbûtinbütewi arlj. integral. entit'ehütin adj. all (all ot entirc). eutire wholebütindünf ä adj. gïobal,worlclr,vidc.büzme ¡r. clastic.büzme z. drawslring.bfujet(r) m. budget.b¡iurokratia (r) r. bnreaucraoy.l8 Turkmen-English Dictionary 9r29n009

furokrat(r)çarakbfurokrat(r) r. bureauoralhyçgy r. saw (the tool).Ç-ççadyr n. tent.çadyrcla façamak v. oamp.çag n. child, kid,çaga dogrulan oy ri. mateurityhospital.çaga dognrrilâ r.labor.çagalamak v. give birth.çagalar bagy n. hiuclergarten.çagalyk n. childhoocl.ç¿gasy bolrna¡ian adj. 6aven (about a woman oranimal).çagbaçagyl r. gravel.çagyrmak u invite.çagyrmakø. thunder storm. rai:r stormrr. call for, sllmnron.çak ¿. ruoderation. tlX: FIer zaclyi çeky yaC$y.Everything is good in ¡noderation.çàl( Í. gness. EX: Eger sen soragynyñ jo¡¡apynybilmescú, çak etmeli. If you don't know theanswer lo the question you should make a gtress.çak n. time, mometrù EX: $u çaka çenli men onyakrnakmyka ctifip piker ctdim. Until thisrnoment I thoughl he was an idiot.n. lirnit.çâkçak r. authorization. right EX: Bu banada t,eniñeden çakym çykmayar. I don't have theright/authorization to speak about that.çak r. probability, likelihood.çak etmek 1,. gness,çakdanaçaçakgançakgy n. pockelknife.çaklatma ¡r. forecast.çaklamak v. gusssçaklamakadf. excessive.øøly. dextrous, agile, quick.v. irnagine.çakmak v. sting fsùrng, stung]. EX: Aryrneni çakdy.The bee stilng meçahmak v. strike (i.e. a match) [strtrck,stuck/strickenl. EX: Men otlyçöpi çakdyn. Isürck a nratchçakmak v. crack (i.e. au egg). EX: \iumurtganyçaknak. To crack an egg,çalryzaçakmak daçy r. flint.çâknyçmak v. fightwith, clash withçaknyçyk n. fightingçakylyk r. invitation.çalryr n. wine.çâkyr adidned.çakyçmak v. collide with, run into, strike (run into).adj. havngaheadacheçal adj.grey,gray.çal n. Ref beverage made from camcl's milkçala a¿ir,. barely, slightly.çÐla ødr,, slowlyçela adv.hardly.ç*laìa adv. Ref: see çalaçalâm-ç.aç ¡r. scattered.çaIfl sûwât atlj. ignorant. scmi-lìferateçalasyn odi quick, agile.çBl¿rsyn rrrl7. instant.çâlgy daç r, whet stone, sharpering store.çalgy fag /r. grease (for lubrication).çalgy fag r¿. lubricant.çalgyrt r. lisp, sflrttcr.çalgyrt adv. accent (with an...), stutter (with a...).çalmakÐX: Men tärkmençe çalgy't giplefäLin. I speak1'urlcmcn with an aoccilt.u. play (i.e. an instnrment). EX: Ol clutarygowy ça$ar, FIe plays the clutar well.çalmak u apply (i,c. a crcam), coat. EX: Ol jüzir:ekrem çaldy. She put crerrm on her face.çalmâk r,. sharpen. EX: Ol pyçagy çaldy. Hesharpened the knife.ç¿rlmak r slap, hit Urit, hit.l. EX: Mugallym gödekokuwçyny çalcly. The teacher slapped the ruclestudert.çalmali v. sweep fswept, srveptçalpaw r. puddle.çâlsyrmal( r. exchange. changeçâlsyrynmak u change one's clcrthçsçalt adí. hsf,quickly.çalt gutul! intj. GeLbethsr quickly!çaltlandyrmak v. Ref: see çaltlaçmakçaltlaçmakçalykmakv. accelerate.v. dry (i.e, clothes). Ref: To dly, but notto dry completely.v. dryup, wither (rare)çalymakçalynmak u. l?e/; passive voice foun of çalmakçalyçma r. change,transfbrmation.çalyÐmâ r?. proloutr.çalyçma r. exchange.çalyçmak z exchange, change.çalyçyk n. exchange.çaman n.lazy,tdleçanak zr. bowlçanåk r. shell, seashell.çanak n. kneeoap.9n9n009 Turkmen-English Ðictionar y t9

çânaklykçanakþkçâf,çåññalçaññâlrr. pelvis.n. tlust.n. claw, falott.z, handful (rare)çap r. print, printing.r- stamp, sealçApçap etmc n. publication.çâp etnlek v. prìnt, publish.ç¿pâk n. clapping, applause.çâpak çalmak v. clap.ç¡fpar ,?. lnessenger.çapçy n. printer (occupation).çapgy r. butchcr knifen hatchet.çaphanan. publisher, publishìng house, printer.çapmäk r. chop.çâpmak v. r'àee, run [ran, run]./i. scAr.çapykçäpyk r. fallen tleeçapylcsuwar ri. jookcy, r'ider (on a horse).ç¿py,tmak v. compete with.çâpyçyk rz. race (comPetion).çarbag n. lalge giu'dcnçarh n. wheelç¿rrkândâk adj. brmpy.Ite-f covered in potholes(lit. and fig.)çarlak n. seagu{I.çarpâiâ galmak v. rear up (i.e, a horse), rise up (lit.and lig.) [rose, risen].çarpmak v. olap, applaude.çarsak n. pitchfbdr.çârwa n. üomad,çAryk n. IleJi cbarik - similar to a moccasinçaçy ad.7'. squintiug,ç Çy ldj. cross-eyecl.çâgyrmAk v. s$t up (i.e. a tent), pitch (i,e. a tent).ça$yrmak n unconsçious (koock...).v. overtlrow.çâçyfmÐkçat n- ct'ack, ftssru'e.çatak adj. confusing, complicated.çåtmâ n. hut. brærch and grass hutçatmah v. sew.çatmak v. connect. EX: Kompyuteri interneteçatdym. I comrected the comprter to theintenret.çatryk rr. cLossroads, intersection.çawçaril7r. glory.rr. f¿me.çÈWga n. downpour.ç¿Ìwyç ç¿lmak u. whisper in sorneone's ear'çaÍ /t. ter.çaÍ çemçesi n. leaspoon (rurit of neasure),çafkamah u. rinse.çafkamak u. sway (i.e. a car or a boat).çainel( n. teapof.çaiyr n. Bermuda gr+ssçeke durmak rr. stand aside, stand aloof.çeker r. tlrawer.çekgen. cheek. cheekboileçekiç n. hamrner',çen-çâkçsldm r. weight.çekimli ses rr. vo\üel.çekimlileriñ belgisi r. umlaut,çekimlileriñ snzlaçygy n. Ref vowelharmonyçekims¡z ses n. çonsoûant.çekine-çekine ucli. timidly.çekinjeñlik ¡r. embanassment, shyness.çeldnmede id. fbcl û'ee to, don't be shy Þ.X:islåin zadyffy ifiber. Don'f bc shy,Çckinmede,eat anything you \l¡ant.çekinmek ¿ ernbarrassecl(to be...)çelcinmek v. afr'aid (to be...).çeldrtge n. locust, grasshopper.çeki$me ¡¡. cliscussion.çeld$me etmek r,. clqbate.çekiçmek v. disçuss.çeldze r.'. yoghurt,çel(mek v. draw (a picturc) fdlew. drar'vnl,çekmel( v. pull, drarv (pr-rll).çekmek v. caüyçekmek v. last (i.e. timc period). BX: Yygnak ikisagada çekdi. The meeting lastecl two hours.v. close, shutçekmekç€lilnek rr Iay, extencl. F.X: Olar obanyrnyza suwprowodlaryny çekcli, Tlrey layed a \ryaterpipeline to our village.v. weighçekmekçekmek (keçde,..) v. embroidetçek(r) n. check. EX: Çek bolr-rnça tölemek. Pay bycheck.çelek n. barel.çclpek n. Re.f: very thin unlevened dough that is î'iect;typ ically made for wcddingsÇeßl aLl.i. appropriate, sritable (r'ale)çcm gelen ad.i. arry. aly thrrt comes along, just anyEX: Doñuz çenr gelcn zatlyny iffär. A pig willeat anything that comes along./r. spoon.çemçeçemeleçme n, apploaoh (i.c. to a prolrlem).ç€meleçme r. carnpaign (i.e. political).çemeleçmek v. approach (i.e. a problern),Çemelipo,r. appalently, seems (it.,.). EX: OlgeLnefÍln bolnraga çemeli. It seems he is notcoming OR Appatentlyhe is nol coming.çemesi adt. Ref: see çemeli deñr. 2çemodail(r) r. suitcase,çempiOn(r) r. charnpion.çen,?. giless, approximation.çen-çak n. Re,f: see çen2rJ Turkmen-English D ictionary 9D9n009

çenden-çykmakçenden-çykmak y. control (out of..,).çenemek v. aim. take aimçenli prep. up to, until. EXr lvlen kanikrrl birinjigänden bäçinji giin eçenli aljalc. I will üake avacation fiom Monday until Friday.çeäñek n. hook.çeññek n. crochetneedle.çep adj.lefr.çep t¿ùrâp ad7'. left sitle.çepbekef n. lefthanded peison.çeper adj. artistic, creative. ,: :çeper eser ,r. -üction.çeperçilik r. alt (fine ads), fine afis;çerdak n. attic, root.çes bermek v. salute.çeçrne r. spri:g (i.e. r'vater).çOSrne ,? $ourccçet ad¡. foreign.çet n. cdgc.çetin aclj. harcl, clifiicultçeye ãdj. flexible, elastic (lit. and fig.).çeinemek v. chew.çäge n. sand,çäk ¡r. bounds.çiik n.linit.çälclendiriç ¿. r'cstriction,çäklcndinme ø. limitation.çüklendirmck r.: limit.çfikmen n. IleJ: aÌype ofmen's robeçålqiakn n. lleJ: a tpe of men's shirt collar thattastens on otre sideçáte n.celebrationçäre görmek v. disciplirre. EX: Erbet okuwçylaraçär¡iekçär'e gönneli. Onc must discipline bad stuctenls./¡. q,uaÉer.çig adj. raw (urrcooked).çig adj.nw(unprocessed).çig mal it. feed stock.çig mal r?. raìü material.çigildem n. tulip.çigin r. arm (upper).çigin r. knot (i.e. in a string).¡,. rawness. unlipenessçiglÍkCiglik n. doubtçiglik n. defect.çigrekçilim n. cigarcttes.çilim çekmêk u smoke.çiñermehn. chill. cold (illless or weather)çüfrüklikv. stare (at someone).çiñrik n. oane, reed.çirlief n.gnat.çismek v. swell.çiçik adi. ftrt, chubby, overweight.adf. swollen.çiçÍkCiçlik ¿. shishkabob.çitim n. knot (in carpet weaving)¡,r. member (of a group).çten(r)çogdam r¡. bunch (i.e. flowers), bouquet. F',X; Gülçogdamy. A borquelbunoh of flowers.çogdâm ¡r. lock (ofhair). :,çogdam r. pile, heap, clozens.:çol

çiiiçeçüÍçeçÍiiçeçybançybynçydamakçydamakçydantlyçyclamlylyhçydamsyz¡,¡. bottle.r. glass (the material).n. boil (i.e. puss filled sore).n, mosquito.u. tolerate, lvìthstand.v. last (hold out), holcl out. EX: *oclj. hardy, tough, enurance (possessing.,,).¡r. resistance.ad7. impatient.çyg adj. darcP.çykalga n. exir.çykan n. cornin. Rel'ifmothers arc sistersarl/. married (said atrout a woman).çykançykarma r. production.çykarma r. output.çykarmal< v. pull out. extract,çykarmali v. take off (i.e. clothes).çykarrnak v. publishçykarmal( v. procluceçykarrnak ì.'. export.çykarylmak v ReJ: passìve voice form of çyi

daramakdaramak u. comb.tlargama n. destruction.dargamak v. collapse.dnrgamak v. scatter (people or things).darúgynly adi. te¡rse, tight (lit, and fig.).dartgynlyk r. tensìon, stless (lit. and fig.).dartrnak ?. atûact. draw towald onesellidartmak v. jerk. pulldartyçma n. gravity.darykmak v. wonied (to be...),darykmak v. irlitated (to be...).darykrnak v. confused (to be...).das edÌ. rat.da$ r- stone, Lock.daç adj. cool (slang).daç çyltmak r.,. go outside.tlaç taraplry ¡r. exterior,daç yürek id. ReJ: lit. stolte hearted coltl heartecldaça dönme ¡¡. fossil.claçamah Ì,. caffy (an otrject).daçary prep. outside.daçary adi. forcign.dagary yurt n, fbreign coültry.daçary furfly arlj. lòreign.daçaryh adv. ottr.dagdegen ie. woodpecker.daçgyn [daçgyttl n. Êood.daçgyn [drtçgynl n. higlr tide.claçgyn [daçgy:nl nd7. distant, EX: Da;gyngarandag. Ðistant rel¿rtive.daçke çp n. exÈeriot.daçly adj. roclcy, stony.daçlyk n. distauce. EX; Men gieden oä 50 kilometrclaglyga getmeli. I mr¡st go a distance of 50kilometer s bctbrc night.daçlyk,?. remotenessclaçmak v. overflow.daç-töwerek r. surrounding area.daç-täwerck n. environmenÉ.daçynclan ødv. lresides.dat n. flavor (raro)d¿t n. shorrt (rare)dat r. complaint {mre)dat etmek v. complain (rarc)dat-bidat intj. woe to us, all is lostdatlam¿h r,. complain (louctly).datlamak v. sbout (fix help).datly øfr, tasty.datmak v. bite (have 4...), faste. eat a small amountdawt ri. clisputo, argumont.dawaçyl z. tloublemaker,dawnkeç n. troublemaker.dawalaçmak v. conflict (to be in...).dawaly ad.¡. disputcd.delildafanmak v. rely ondafanm*k v. lean on [leaned/learrt, leaned/leant].dnfænmak ?. reÇover (from an ilhess).dafhan ¿. fanner (farm worker), peasant.dafhan birleçik n. Ref: Soviet-era word collectivefarmdafow adj. muscllar, strong.da¡iy ri. uncle.d,ufy n. Ref' t¡rm of address to an older mandajzu r. aunt.clalza itl. ÌleJ': fbrm to address to an oldcr womandeger-dcgmÊz adj. inexpensive, cheap.deger-degmez odj. worthlcss (of aperson).deger-degmez aclj. meaningless. withoü valrc (ofwords)clegerli ad.i. weighty.degerli ø¿li. necessaly, necdctl.dcgirmek v. touch (intentionally).degirrnen ø. urill.degiçgen x. joker'. hnrno¡çrÌs pcrsondcgiçli pos. belonging to. EX: Ol kitap maûa clegiçli.Tha¡ book beloûgs to me.degiçlipo.r. relating te, oolccrning. tìX; Bizyygnaktla lagere degiçli zatl¿u' batada geplegdilc.\üc tallçed about ìdeas concernirg the camp.clegiçli prr.s. êppl'opriate, suìtablo. EX; Sen degisliadamdan rugsat almaly. You must getpermission ß'om the applopriate person.rr. possessive prouroun,¡r. relative pro¡Ìour.tlegiçåilik çalyçmasydegiçlilik çalyçmasydegiçme r. joke.clegiçmek v. joke.degme n. touch.degmek r,. touch (unintentionally).degmek v. hit (collide with). EX; Mcniñ zyfiandaçym guça degdi, The stone I tluew hit the bircl.degmeh r. touch upon (an issue).degmek (gaty...) v. offend rpset*'degçirmclc v. check veriffdek arlv. just (i.e. just yesterday), only (i.e. onlyyestetday). flX: Arnan hem gullykdan dektitîfniik gelipdi. AÍian came from the army only,vestelday OR Auran came fi'om the army.jrrstyesterday.dek adv. calmly. quietlydek arfu. Iike, as if EX: I-Iatyñyz Jereniñki dekowadan bolsun. Malce your writing beautiñrl likcJeten's.Dekaber(r) r. December.dekan n. dean (of a uriversity).del adj. ruedel adj. foreign slrangedelcgasif a(r) n. delegation.delil ¡r. evídence.9D9nt09 Turkmen-English Dìctionary 23

delildelil r. argumçnt (intellectual), rcasouing. EX; $uawtoryfi clelili dogry däl. This atrthor's argurnentis noÍ correct.delillendirmek v. argue (i.e. present an argunent),prove.dellal zr. broket, midcilernan (rare)dellek r. barber, beautician.dellekhana rr. beatrty salon, barbershop.dem r. breath. EX: Içgin dem alay. Take a deepbreath.demgysma r. asthrna.dcmikmeh u. gasp, suffocate.demir ¡r. iron, rnetal.demir çainyk n. l

diametr(r)diametr(r) r. cfiameter.dien faly ødv. ¿lmost. EX: Men çahera her giÌn dieni,aly bar!,an.I go to the city almost every tlay.diger pro. ofher, anothetdiger r. sign, tlace.diger r. piece, clrrrnk (rare)dik adj. sfaight (not crooked). EX: Úolka agajy dikös¡fär'.'I'he New Ycat's trsc grows straight.clik adj. straighr (i.e. stLaight iu fronl), clirectly (i.e.directly in lront). EX: Ol :neniñ oñtirnde tlikduldy. IIe stood straight in fiont of me.dik odj.vertical.dikelmek v. arise getupdikelmek u set rpriglrt,dikeltmeli v. çrect, straighten up.dikeltmek v. renovate, rostorc.dikmek v. stiok in. IiX: [4eri pili fere clikclim. I st¿rckthe shovel in tlte grouttcl.dikmek u. build fbuilt,builtl.dikuçar r. helicopter.dil i?. torgue.dil r. langnage.dil bílimi n. linguistics.dil hafy n. receipt (frorn a stot'e).dil haty r. certificatedil fetirrneku. offend (verbally).clilçi n.lingrist.clilden v, orally, by word ofrnouth.rlilden adv*. oral.clile getirmelt r.'. mention.dilcg n. wish desiredileg rr. requont.dilegçi n. treggar.dilegçi n. Rel; a person asking a favordÍlemek u beg.dilemck v. pray(for something).dilervar r. orator, public speaker,dilleçmek v. anaîge. EX: Biz ertir cluçuçmaly difipclillegdik, We an'anged to meef tomofl'oril,dilmek v. cut up.dilsiz n. silent, dumb.din ø. religion.dinçi r. religious persoil.dindar n. religiorisperson,ùini adi. religious, spiritual.dini taglymat ri. dogma.dini ynam z. creed.dinsiz r. alheist.-adí. ilreligious.diñe adv. only.diñlemek v. listen.diñlefji r. listsner.diplomaÉ(r) ø. diplomat.diplom(r) n. diploma.dolamakdirehtor(r) r. clirector.diremek r. lean against, pnsh against.diri adj. alive,livng.disk(r) n.cD.dissertatsifa(r) n. disscrtation.dÍç rz. tooth.diç cti n. sum.diç lukmany r¡. dcntist.diç pasta n. toothpaste.tliçemek u. shatpen (i.e. a saw).diçlemek v. bitc [bit, bitten].diçsiz ør1¡ toothless.diçsynçgar r. toothpick.tliwan(r) r. sofà.diwar n. rvall.difat ,?. counfry (nation). lancldifen !úy id. about (ahnost). ahnost ËX: tliz bu içigutcrdyk clifen faly. We are about finnisheclwith this project.diymeh v. say fsaid,said].elifseñ adv. vety much verydodak z.lip.doga r. prayçil.doga r. amuletdoga n. spell (rnagic).dogan n. elder sibliug.dogan n. ReJ: see gyz dogan or olgan clogan eldetsiblingdoganoglan ¿i. qousin. Ry' if ththers ale blothersdogmak v. birth (to give...).dogrnak v. rise (i.e. the.sun) [rose, úsen].dograma n. lleJi lurkmen national dish macte withbread, onion, arrd nreatdogramak u chop, crrtup.dogry ad.j. straig.ht (to a place), clireotly (to a place).dogry adj, correct, true, right (cortect).dogry dåil arf. wrong.dogryçyl a¿ii. honest,dogulnrak v. bonr (to be.,.).dogurmak u. bi'th (to give...).dolç odj. fulI(of food).dokalan adj. woven.dokamak ¿ weavç fwove, woven],doklad(r) n. rcport, aoadomic papcr.dokluk r. satisfaction.dokma n. weaving,doktor(r) n. doctor (Plù orMD).dokumenfal ødj. documsntary. EX: Dokurnentalfilni. Documentary fihn.dokument(r) ia documeut.dokuz nmn. nire,doky z. beluga, shrrgoon (white,..).dolamak r. turn back, turn arotnd.dolamak v. wrdp,\Ä/rap up.9/29t2009 Turkmen-Enslish Dictionar v 25

dolandyrmakdolandyrmak z govem, r'ule.dolanmak ?. rehiln comebackdolanuwsy z adj. krcversible (rare)doldurgyç n. object (i.e. grammatical).doldurm¿lc u fillup.doldurmak r. reach, achìevedoldurmah v. fillout (i.e. a fbrm).ùoly adj. firll. EX: Stokan doly. The glass is frrll.doly aa7. whole. EXr Meniñ öziim doly bir go\rrunyiÍdym. I ate thc whole melon myself,clon n. robe.doñ adj, frozen(lit. and fìg.).doñ furek adj. arwl, Ref: lit: cr¡ldhcarteddoñak adj. Ref: see cloñdoñdurma r¡. ice crea¡n.dofimak 't- Í'raeze [li"oze, fì'ozen].doäuz r. pig, hog.doñuz eti r. pork.doñy çözülmek t melt, tharv.dost r. fi'iencl,dostluk n. friendship.rlostlukly adj. û'i enrlly,elowarn n. cluration, continuity.dowam etmek u. proceed.dowamat adv. fot'ever.dowamly arlj. continuous.dowamly adj. long(i.e. cluration).dowamly geljek zùman n.contllrllons...).dowamly håizírki r,^màn ncontinuous...).dowamly öten zaman ø.coutinuous...).tense (lirhrretensc (presenttense(pastdowamlylyk n. cluration. EX: l!o1 kinonyñdowamlylygy äç sagat. 'Ibe duration of thatmovie is tlu'ee hours.dowamynda ødv. during.dowzahy n. sinner, infidct.dofmak v. firlt (to be...).dökmek v. pour out.dökrnek u. dump.dökiin n. fefülizer.dömmek v. swell up (rare)dtimmeh v. wellup (ofenrotions) (rare).dönmek y. turnback.dönmek v. turndönmek v. retract (one's words),dönrnek v. rejectdönük n.lriail'lor (i.e. during awar).döredijilili içi ir. creation..Rli creative worksdöredijilikli ad7. crcativc,dörediç ¡¡. creation.döremek y. emergo, form (develop), arise.dtiretmelt v. found (i.e. au organization), establish,durmuga cykarmakçreate (i.e. an organization).dtirmek v. look fordört ru¿¡nr. four.dörtburçluk /?. square.döç n. ohest (tho bodypart),clöw r. matqh (i.e. for lighting a fire).tlöw ¡r. morìster.döwlet r. state.döwlet r. wealtr.döwlct ,?. government.döwletara adj. iuternational, intergovemmental.döwletli ød. wealthy.döwmek v- break þroke, brr¡kenl. ÐX: Men lcäsänidör,vdüm. I broke the teacup.döwran rr,joytultiuredöwrebap adj. modern.döwrebap biçüwli r¡d;'. fashionable.döwüh r¡¿û. broken.döwtim n. piecedöwiir r. tímc (time period) era, moment EX; Bizbagtly

durnadurna r¡. cr¿ure (bird).durnukly adj. stable,stea

düzgünliekrandüzgiinli odj. systematic.diizgünnama n. regulations.diizgiinnama r?. charter.düzme r. composition (i.e. literaty).diizmek rr çreate.düzmek v. tune (a musical instnrment).düzüm ru. írgreclients, cornposition (i.e. ingredients).dykgat ø. attention.dykgatþ r. attentive.dykmak u. stickin,pLrtiu.dykmah v. cram. stuff.dyknyçyk r. crowcl.dyky n. codc (í.e íu a bottle), plug.dym adv. very (Dashogurz tliaft:ot). rRel: This is uscdouly preceedìrg adjectives begiming with cl anclg, except in Daçoguz, where is used all the time.EX: $ol gtildyrn-gyzyl. That flowq is veryred.clymmah u. grow qnietdymmak v. rnuggy (to beconre...).dymyk ad.j. hot and stutþ EX: Otagyñ içi orúiiidymyk. The inside of the room is very hot anrlstulfl.dymylr udj. mvggy,hurnid, sttrffu.dytnyh ørþ voiceless (linguistic term).dymyk a/j, voioeless.E-edynç n, rest, nap.dynç almak r,. rest (lakç a...), nap (take a..,). relaxDynçgiin r. Sunday.dyndyrmak r,. save (rescue), rescue. EX: Torn bizibu lrowpdan dynclyrdy, Tom saved us fi'om thisdanger'.dyngy r?. pause.dyngylama r. punctrration.dyngysyz adi. non-stop.dynmak v. avoid.dynmalc r,. saved (tobe...).dynmak v. dìspose of, throw away.dynman adv. co¡rstantly. ReJ: lit; rvithortl restdyrrnaçrnak v. climb (i,e. a tree).tlyrmyk ¡¡. rake (i.e. fbr leaves).dyrnagy (afagyfl...) ¡r. toen¿ril.dyrnajaklamak v. Relr see dyrrunakdyrnak (eliñ ...) n..8ngenrai1.dyrnamak v. scratch, EX; Piçik clìmi dyrnajaklady.The cat scratched my hand.dyz n. knee.dyz çanak r. kneecap.dyz epmek v. kneel fkneeled/lcnelt, kneeled/kneltl.dyzâmåk v. tryebedi ad.j. eternal,ebedÍlcçdirmek v. imrnortalize.ebedilik n. eternity.ebetef r. approacl.r (i.e. to a problem). methodedâra r. estahlishnent. administration.cdar* ¡r. ofñce.edcbi aclj.litemry.edebi¡fat n. literaturc,eden-etdilik r. anarchy. arbif:'ariness.edcp-ekramlylyk rr. manners (good...).erlepli adj. polite,edepli ary'j. well-brecleclepsiz adj. rude,impolite.edil adv. exactly.etlilmek v. made (to be...),edilmek v. tlone (to bc...). Rl passive voice form ofetmel

ekskursi¡ia(r)ekrani.'l'elevision soleen.ekskursif a(tr) r. exc*rsron.ckspedisifa(r) n. expedition.ekspert(r) n. expert.eksport(r) r. export.ekzamen(r) Í. exam, test.el n. Hrm.el a. hand.cl bafyrmak v. fouch (rví1h a hand).el çarpmak v. clap, applaude.el çarpy$ilah u clap.el çarpyçyk r. applanse.el çehmek r,. rvithclraw, back awayel çekmek y. reriouuce.el deginnek v. Touch (with a hand).el yuwmak y. wash one's lrands.el ¡iuwmakv. to be ricl of soncthingelbetde c:otrj. ol course. EX: Elbetde maçgalamciandag façanrak agyr. Of corusc it is harcl to live faltiom oÀs's t?rmily.elçalgyç n. hancl torvel. washcioth, napkin.elde sal

ene-ataene-ata r. parents.enelik n. matemit% motherhood.€njam Í. equipment (piece of...), tool (usuallyelectric).ensiklopedif a(r) n. encyclopedia.ençâIla n. if godwills itentejilc a¿{v. lor a short tilne EX: Men tliñe entejikgaraçdyrn. I only waited for a short time.entek adv. still. EX: Sen entek oka¡iañmy? Are youstill reading?entek ud'y. so far. EX: Pro,úekt eniek gowy. Theproject is goocl so far.entek adv. yet. EX: Mes bazara entek gitjek däl.llelki ertir giderin. I won't go to the bazaar yct,Mafôe I will go tomono'w.entek-entekler adv.,for a long timeentemek u. wander. rRef T'his is a negative worcl inTurkmen, like "loitering" is a negative word for"stantling arouncl" walk wìthout purposeeñek n. chin.eñek sünk n.jawbone.eñk z. strength (rare)eñk açmak v. lose one's strength, be rurable to pulloneself togefhereñmek I go towards.eñremek u. cry,weepeñrcmoh r,- complaineplemek v. fold, beud fbent, bent].erbet adi.6ad.erbet adv. poorly.erbet adj. evilerbeträh ødj.worse,erediji ri. solverrt.et'em bagy ¡r Garden of Eden.efemek v. mclt,erefjililc n. solubility.erik ¡2, apricot.erjel n. persistent.erjel ail-1. active.erk n. fl'eetlom, libety.erkana arlv. fi'eely.erkek n. male, man.erkin adj.lree.erhin cøl7'. flnent,erkinlik n. fr eedom, liberty.ermeni r¡. Armenian.erte n. Ref: see ertirerteki r. story(narrative), fairy tale, tale.erteki otarmak u. tell stories, tell tatl tales.ertir adv.tomorrow.ertirine qdv. cvery moruing during the motning(habitually) EX: Men ertirinc sagat sekizdeturyaryr. I usLrally get up at 8 o'clock iu themorrilng.efleertirlik nahar ¡¡, brealcfast.esas ru. basis, founclation.esâ sâ n ad7. especially, basically.esaslandyrnrâk v. establish, found.esassyz adj. baseless.esasy tdj. basic,basically, fundamentally.esbåp r. supplies, equipment.esbap D. ar:mot'.esg€r n. solclier.esgi n. rag, duster. EX: Ol lagtany esgi bilenarassalady. Hc cleaned the chalk board with arag.eskalator'(r) r. cscalator.esli arlj. consìder¿ùlc, signifrcant. IrX: Ol eslimukdarclaky puly ogur'lady. IIe stole asignificaut amortnl of money.esse n. time (multiplication). ljX: Meniîi aÍlyeymonyñl

efle-beylefolldor(r)"Do it like thisl" theywiil be angrywitir you.OR [{ave you starlecl working yet?efle-befle arlu. ambiguous. Rsf' lit; ßris way, that cffåim ru. epoch, era.wayczber ad7. skillftil talente

fond(r)galpfond(r) n. frnd,forma(r) n. shape,forma(r) r¡. lt¡rm (slrape).foto(r) r. photo.C-gfutbolka(r) û. t-shirt.futbol(r) É. soccer, football.gabadynda prep. opposite, faoing, across û'o¡:r.EXt Haly nvzey ¡,ve lìlodda restol'anynyñgabaclynda. The carpet museum is across frornthe Flodda restaurant.gabahat ad;. vicious, terlible.gabak n. eyelid.gabamak v. sunonndo siegc (lay..,to).gabanjañ ar17. jealous.gabanjañIyk n. jealousy. Re[: i.e. a husband who isjealols about his lvifìegabarçak n. callous.gabat gclmek v. iclentical (to be...). EX: Seniñaj'dfanlaryñ mugall ymyfr ky b ilen gab itt gclcnolc.Your rvords ancl the teacher's are trot the same.gabsa n. doorgabsa r. shuftcr (i.e. of a window).g*byh.x. shell, husk, barh (tree barþ. skir EX:Yumurtga gabyk. Eggshell. EX: Agaç gabyk.Tree bark. EXr Me{rge gatryk. Corn husk. EX:Sogan gabyk. Onion skin.gâbyr r. bmb.gaçâ durmâk v. avoid. lÌX; Çagalar, çilimden,alkogoldan, narkotikcletr gaça duruñ! Children,stây aw€ry liorn cigarettes, alcohol, andnarcotics.gaça durmak ¿ avoid.gfiçgâk r. re.tugee.gaçgynçylyk r. refirgee crisis, flight (i.e. to flee),exodus. EX: Uruç clöwrände ¡furtda köpgaçgynçylyk boldy, Dru'ing the rvar there was alarge refùgee crisis in the country.gAçmak v. flee [fled, fled], esoape.gaçmak v. fall [fell, fatlen], drop, fall down. EXMen agirçclan gaçdynr we ayagymy döwdürdirn.I fell out of a tlee and bloke my leg.gaçyrmak u. drop, bring down. EX: Garpyzyeliñden gaçyralmal Don't drop the watelmelonlgadagan adj. banncd, prohibitcd, forbidden. EX:Türkmenistanda narkotik gadagan. InI'ru'k¡le¡ristan narcotics arepr ohibi ted/b anned/fblbiddcn.gadam //. step EX: Gattymyñ batly bolsun. Mayyour step be strcrrg!gadam basmak v. step.gâdym adj. ancient".gadym zamanlardù qdv. once upon a time, inailclenl til]]esgadyr r. respcct, honorgâdyr r. affection.gadyr gijesi n. llef: night of atouement duringIlamadangahàr r?. anger.gaharjan ødi. firrious.gaharjañ adj. rml

galstuk(r)Corurterfeit money.galstuk(r) r. necktie, tie (necktie).galtak ¡2. wheelbarrow.gâltâman n. robber, thief, bandit.gâltasmak v. touch EX: Ifitap depderä galtaçypdyr,The book was touchìng the notebook,galyndy a. remainder. EX: Sekiz ikä g*lyndysyzbölünfär, Two goes into eight without aremaiuder.galyñ n. Ref dowly paid by a groorn to the bríde'sfamilygalyñ adj,thick.gam n. grief.gam çel(mek v. suffbr.gflma batm¿k v. grieve.gâmçy n, whip.gam-gUSSA n. saclnessgâmgyn bolm¿li v, mourn.gamlanmak r¿ sad (to bc,..)gamyç r. rccd.gamyç n. bamboo.gan r. blood.gân r. lineage.gân besyçy r. blood presffire.ganat n. wing.ganhor zl. murderer, killer.ganjarmak v. bleed.ganmak v. drinkgant ¡?. sùgar.ganym adj. t'nortal. I3X: Ganym duçtrrany. Mortalenemy.ganymat adj. medioare.gaäña ¡r. saddle (for a donkey).g¿ñrak n. hook. EX: Senii egin-eçikleriñi gañrakdaassana. Please hang yout clothes on the hook.gâäyrmâk v. bend fbenl, bentl. EX: Pili gatygañyrma! Döwersiñ. Ðon't bentl the shovel hard!You will brcak it.gâp r. ÇQntatner.gâp n.bag,gapâk n.lid,gapÐn n,ftaq.gapân r. scale (fot weighing).gâpaÍ gurmak v. trap (set a...).g¿panÐ dtiçmek r,. rapped (to be...).gap-çânâklar ¿. ldtchenware, dishes.gâpdal r. edgc, side , side ofthe body.gapdal prep. nextto.gap€aç rr, Ãf' see gap-çanalclargap€aç r. utcnsils.gapgarmak v. fill, package, pack.gapjyk r. pruse, wallet.gâplamak v. pack, put away. EX: Men eginesiklerimiçemodana gapladym. I packed mygarayysclothes in the suitcase.gaplâñ n. tiger.gâpmak y, catch (i.e. an anirnal, a batl) fcarrght,caughtl. EX: Men topy gapclym. I caught theball. EX; Möjek towçany gapdy, 'Ihe wolfcaught the rabbit.gâpy ,?. door.$ap$$a z. db,gåpyrjak n. casÊ. EX: Piwo gapyrjak. A case ofbeer.gaf r?. snow.{rrà, adj.black.gara, adj. dark.gLtã qdj. taÍt.gara altyn id, Ref lir black gold oil (pettoleurn)gara bermeh rr. appear (only of people), seen (tobc...) (only ofpeople). ReJ: lit: to cast a shadowgara gtinlcr id. hard timesgara iç id.labor (rnanual...).gara tiÍ n. ytrt.garabåslnri ø. nighlmare.garegaç r, elm.garagol n. troublcmaker.garàY¿(r) n. garage.garakçy r. robbcr, thieJ; bandit.garaköl(e r. dricd melongaralawjy u prosecutor.garalmâk u. darken, blaclce¡r.garalmak ¿ tan.garâlmak u considered (to be...), examined (tobe...),garaly zr. plum.garamak v.lookgâramah p. look afiergaramak y, cxamrÍe, oonsider.gartmflt ir. responsibility (for something).g¿lramazdail adv. regardless, despíte. irr spíte ofliX: Rugsatsyzlygyma garamazdano nrçn kursokadfaryn. Ðespite rrot having permission, Iteach the class OR In spite of not having'permission I teach the olass. OR I teach the classregardless of not having permission.g¿ranil r. shotgun.gArantga ¡?. scarecrow.garañky n. datkness.g¿ìraf,ky gatnaçmak u. to become nightgaraçly adj. depentlent,gâfâçmâk v. wait, expect.garaçsyz adi. independent.garaçsyzlyk rr. independence.Garaçsyzlyk ayy n. october.garawul z. guud.gmùlaryz adj, swatthy, dark skinned.gareyyç n. outlook, world view,9D9n009Turkmen-English Dictionary

gÐtÐzgara,z, irrrl. to makc a loug stoly short, all the samcEX: Garaz, rneniñ gezelenjim agyr boldy. Tomalçe a long story short, my trip was harc1.gârdâç n. brother (lit. antt fig.).gafga r. croïv, raven.gat'gylyk I?. necklace.gLriâg z r. snow flake.gark bolmâk v. drown.g4rlâw¿rç ø. swallow (the bifd).gâfmâl( rr. mix, sti¡.garpyz ¡z- watermelon.garry adi. old (i.e. people).garçy adv. againsl, opposcd. EX: Men çu pikereg¿r$y. I am, opposcd to this idca. EX:Arnedkanlal Yaponlara gargy uruçclylat'. TheAmçdcans fought against the Japarrese.garçy almak v. mect [met, met], welcome.gârçy çykmâk v. protest, oppQse.gar"sy gitmek v. oppose.gaIçydafl n. opponent.garçylyk görkezrnek v. protest.garçysyndt prep. raÍoss fi'om, opposite. lìX: Olmeniñ gzugysyrnda oturliar, Fle is sitting acrossfi'om me OR He is sitting opposite me.gartasrnak v. age.garym n. ù'ench (i.e. in a war). ditohg¿ryÌn n. cellar.garym n. lrolegaryn n. bclly, stomachgarynda$ ø. rcl¿rtive.g¿lryndy ir. mixtrre.gafynia r?. ant.garyp ødj. poor.garyplyk ¡?. poverty.garyçdyrmäk v. mix, blend.garyçmak v. mixed (to be...), blended (to be...).gâsyk n. groin.ga$ r. eyebrcrw.gaç prep. in front ofgâçåmak v. scratch. EX: I{açan-da ol pikerlenende,kellesini gaçajar. When he thinks he scratchcshis head.g¿¡t ¡?, page, sheet (i.e. ofpaper).gat r. story, floor.gat n.Iayer.gataltmak v. increase (i.e. volume).gatlak r.layer.gâtlak ¡1. social class.gatmak v. mix, blend.gatnadyjy r. deliveryperson.gatnamak v. travel (i.e. on a fixed route). EX: Onbirlikmarçhrutkasy Atabafew köçesinifiugrunda gatnafar. Ths ruunber 11 mæshrrrtkaruns along Atabaev streef.gaytargygatnamak v. attend, EX: Men her giin melcclebegalnali aryn, I attencl school every clay.gatnaçmak r;. paÍicipate.gatnfiçyjy r. patlicipant.gfltnaçyk n. connection, relation.gatnatmâk v. transpoft, ship.giltnÐw ,?. tlaffic.gatnaw z. relations, EX: Iki jLtr-dttñ arasyndakygatnawlar' ¡iyl- fyldan ösyär. Betweeü twocoturtdes relations grow year by year.gaty adj. hard. EX: Almaz iñ gaty dag. Diamond isthe harclest stone. EX: Men topy gaty udym. Istruck thc ball hatd.gaty adi. very. EX; $ol problema gêty kyr. ll'hatproblern is very dilficult.gaty görmek v. oftbnded (to be...). insultcd {tobc..-).gâtyk n. yoghutt.gâtyr ¿. mrrlo.gaty$mâh r¿ irterforc. EX: Sen bnn¡cselä gaty$ma!Do.rr't irrterfere in this oroblemlgâWUn r¡. mclon.g4Í ,?. stermn. c\tr.lill'tgâiamak v, emluoicler (rare)gaiçy ¡¡. sçissors.gayçylamak v. cut (with .scissors).gûidym çàlyçmasy n. reÊexive prounoun.gaÍdyp gelmek v. rettrm (come back), comcback.gâygy n, sadness, sonow, grief.gafgy n worry,concern (rvouy).g¿ìigy etmek v. won'y.gaygylanmak r¿ sad (to be...).g !,gyly adj. sad, woried.ga¡imlkr. Ref: gaymal

gaytargygaftargy n. ohange (fiom a prrchase). EX; Eger sen10,000 TM töleseñ, ol saña 3,000 TM gtltugybermeli. If you pay i0,000 TM, he shoultl giveyotr 3,000 TM in change.gaftarmak v. vomit.gâitarmâk v. reh¡rn (an item).gâitårmÐk v. 1'e-pour EX: Içmezden oí^, çayygaytarmagy ladyñdan çykarma! Bef'or

gepgep n. gossipgepçi n. gossip (the person)gepe gitmek v. follow orders.gep-gürrüñ ¡?. r'urïor.geplemel( u speak [spoke, spoken], talk.geplems€k z. chatterbox.gepleçik r. negotiation.gepleñik r¡.interview.geplcçik ¡¡. broaclca.st (TV orradio).geplcçik sözi ¡r. colloqrial word.gepleçmek v tallc (rvith someone).gefçek cdj. brave, sfrong.gerek aclj. rcqwired. neecled, neces$ary. lrX: Nantafarlamuk tiçin urr, d:oz, surv gerek. For'preparing breacl tlour, salt, and Þ'atet ar€n eeilecl/reqtiired/neces sary,gerel( v. need. liX; Maña kitap gerek clä[. I dou'tneed a book.gerekli arl7. neeclcd, n$cessal'y. EX: lv{en gereklizatlary satyn aldym. t bought the necessarythings.g€rim n. scale (soopc), scope (scale). EX: Giägerimli tasalama. .Wide scale project.gcrmelr v. s¡rread (i.e. wings) [spread, spreact]. EX:tlly gurç ganatlary:y gerip uçdy. The targe bfudspread its wings and flew.germek v. strefch (i.e. muscles). EX: Ylgamaztlanöß, afaklaryíiy ger. Before you run, stretch I'orrIegsgermek v, herng (i.e. curtains)getirmek u. brìng [brought, brought].getirmek v. producegefim rz. clothing.geim€k u. puton (i.e. clothes).geimek v. wear [wore, wornl.gez€k n. tùne (i.e. number of times). EX: Men çusynpy hepclede tiç gezek okad¡iaryn. I teach thisclass three tines per week.gcz,ck r. hrrrr (when taking tuns). EX: A¡itrna! Häzirsenìf, gezegìñ däl. Don't speak. It's ilot your turn110w.gezekleçmek u. take hrrus, alternate.gczclenç n. journey, trip, excursion.ge¿im r. r,valk, stloil.gezmek v. travel.gezmek v. stroll wandergezmelemek v. wall< back and folth.gÍigirmek v. burp.gämi n. ship.gämi duralgasy Í. sea port.gärni duralgasy n. dock.giç adi.late,gigicna r. hygiene.gije r, night.golastyndagije rahat bolsun! id goodnightl ÌleJ: lit: May thenight be comfot tablegije'gündiz arlu. clayancì nightgíjemeh v. itch.gijä galmak v. late (to be.,.).gimn rl. autltem, hynn. EX: Döwlct girnrri. Nationalanthem.giñ adi. wide.giñ ltoltnak u. uncont€mecl (to be...), calm (tobe...), patient (to be...).giñden adr,. widely.giñden fafran adj. widespread.giñeltmek u. rvidcn, expand, EX: Biz çu plofektigiñcltsek gowy bolar. lt wonlcl be good if wcexpanded this pt'o.iect.girde.ii z. iuceme, prolit, eamings,girdejili adl. pLolitablcgirelge fl. entr)¡ (entryway), entrance.giriç ri. introdtotiorr (i.e. to an essa5r).giriçmek u. begin cnter intogirizmek v. establish EX: Amedcan clörvlet 1776-in1ifylda girizildi. The American govetnment lvasestablishecl in 1776.girmek v. elrter, come in.gitmek u go fweut, gone], leavc fleft,leftJ.gifew ¡¡. sorr-in-law.gizlernek v. hicle (hide an object) lhid, hicldeni,conceal (conceal an object). cover something upgizlenmek u. hide (hide oneselÐ [hid, hidden],concçal (conccal oneself).gizlenpeçek n, hide-and-seek (tbe game).gizlin aøfi,. secrctlygizlin a¿l¡. hiddcn, secret.gizlin ,?, mystery.globus(r) n. globe.gOç n. faïIgoç iigit n. brave yourlg ¡nan.goh ¡r. noisie. FX: $ol goh nåimc? Wrat is that noise?goh ctmek v, make a noise.Eoi'à qdj.old ancientgoja n, oltl mangol n.halndg0l n. îtmgol zr. sigrrature.gol v. branch (i.e. of a river). EX: Gattgurn

golaigolaÍ adv. îear, close. EX: Ben Maty çäherine iñgola;i meiletinçi. Ben is the closest volunteer toMary city.golaf adv. apptoximatell', about (approxinately).l¡X: Meniñ synpymda liigrimä golaf o)

gofmakgeljek tiçin pul goymaly. You must save moneyfot the futrue OR You mÌ$t set aside money forthe fuhrre.goimak v. display. EX: Çagalar façnlylara hormatgofmaly. Chilch'er mirst show respect for theilelders.goiry adj. detse (i.e. shaclows, liquids). darkgoyum n. deposit (in a bank)" investment,go¡iun n. sheep.goÍy adj. tìark. Rct'r ,see goyryg0zgamak v. nrove (move something)göbek n. navel, bellybutton.giiçgün adj. excileó, arrorsed.göçme ødj. nomadic, migratory.göçme adj. hgurative. EX: $u romanda köp göçmedilJer bar. In this novel therc is lots of figuratívelanguage.göçmek v. ïnove (i.e. to atrother city). EX: I-Iaçan-damen çagakam maçgalanr Mara göçäpdi. \ilhen Iwas a child rny family moved to Mary, EX;Göçifl! Please move!göçürrnek v. evict, exile.göçtirmek v. move (i.e. objccts). EX: Biz çolkitaplary göçürmeli. $/e shouid move thosebook.s.gäçürmek v. copy. LÌX; Dcpdcrleriñizde has gata!,azyTan sözleri göcäriñl Copy the bold words inyour notebooks!göçüçIih ø. nrigrationgödek adj. rule, impolite.gÌik adj.bTue.gök adj. gteen(ofplants).gök ¡u. bruise.gök r. heaven, skygök önüm r. vegetablc.gtiknar r. opium.göle n. calf.gômrnek v. bury,gön n.leather.göndermek v. dispatch. EX: ()1 maäa çaparygönderdi. I-Ie sent a messenget to me.gönezlik n. Ref: yeast (especially yoghurÍ with yeastin it usecl to starl yeast culture and makeadditional yoghtttt)g6ni adv. directly (to a place), straight (to a place).gôni adj.vertical.göni doldurgyç r. direct object.gönühdirmek v. concentrate, focus on. EX: Men özsapagymy hernige grammatika gönükdityåirin. Inrny class I always fbctu on gramnar,gönükdirmêk v. clirect (to a location).gönükme n. exerci.se (i.e. in a textbook), activity (i.e.in class).gönülemek y. blunt (to be ... in speech).giiterirngönümel øclir forthright, direot.göntisinden gslmek v. tell the tnrth.gör ,r, grave.gör-balc irl. we'll seegöreldeli adj. ideal, r'ole model.görc(siñ) gelmek u. miss (long for), homesiclc (tobe...). EX: Men maqgalamy göresim gefär. Imiss my family OR I am homesir:k f.irr myfamily.göreç rr. stmggle.göre$ r. wrestling (the sport).göreçmeh v. wrestle (lit. and fig.).girä adv. according to (i.e. according to a source). byEX: $u kitaba göråi, alanlalal balyklary if¡far.According to this book, sharks eat fish.gün diiine görii sowrgyrak.gôril. adv. than. EX: $uTodayis colder thau yestercfay.görgi n. suilbringgörip n. enyious peison, jealou$ persongöriplik n. envyt jcalousy. Røl À desire for someoneelse not to have something if. you car't have itgörk n. bearìty,görkeziji r. iudex.görkeziji r. inkgörkezme ¡a. directions (instmctions), instructions.görkezme çalyçrna r?. pronoru (i.e. this, that,tlrose)gö rkezm c ç a Iy$ mâsy n. dernonstrative pronoun.görl

götermekgötermek u. raise (lift),Iift.gätermek v. cary(an object).gätermek v. çaÍry (aname).gôtin adv. back, backward.göwher r. perul.gäwnetmek u. per.suacle convincegöwre n. torso. bodygäwreli odj.pregnant.göwrelilik n. pr€gnancy.göwrüm n. volume (amorurt).göwün r. hca$. soulgäwün açmak v. er¡joy oneself.göwün berrnek v. fall in love.göwüne degmek v. of't-end FX: Edepsiz oglanrneniñ göwnürne clegdi. The rucle boy offendedme. EX; Meniä göwnäme degilcli. I wasoffended.göwÍis n. breast.göwüslik r. bra.Eöz ïÌ. eyç.göz etrnch v. example (make an...out of sorreone).göz etmeh v. shorv ofï dlaw attention to otresclfgöz gezdirmek v. look around, browse.göz görtele i¿l. obvious cleargöz guwanç íø1. belovcdgöz gypmak v. wink.göz öäüne getitmek u. imagine.göz fummak v. ignore.gözbagçy n. magician.gözbagçylyk n. ltypnosis.gözbaç n. origiu, begiuninggöz,den geçirmek v. look overi soau.gözden salmak v. ignorc (lackof attention).göze ilmck v. catch otte's eye.gözegçilik n.supervision.gözcgçilik etmek v. conlrol.gözel adi. beautifrrlgözgyny adj. wletched, pitifirl, pathetio,gözi düçmek u. notice.gözi düçmek u. get [got, gotten/got], acquire.gözi fetmek ¿ srue (to be...), certain (to be.,.).gozleg rz. search, quest.gözlemek v. look fbr, seek [sought, sought], searchfor.gäzli kör adj. illiterate uneducatetl, ignorærtgözüñi petretmek v. stare.gözyaç n. tear,gôzfetim n. horizon.gradus(r) n. degree (i.e. tempetature).grammatika(r) n. gr¿unmar,gram(r) n. Eîam.grazhdânlyk n. civil, civic. EX: Grazhdanlykhukuklary. Civil rights.grazhdanlyk urçy n. civil war.gurgungreçka(r) n. buolcwheat.grck arl7. Greek.grip(r) ø. flu, cold (a...).gubur n. gïeve.guçmalc r. hug, cmbracegudok ø. horn (musical), horn (car horn),gudrat r. miracle.gudratly adj. miraculous.guduz n. rabid(lit. and fig.).gujah n. armftrl.gujak x. hug, embrace.gujaklamak v. hng, embrace.gujur ¡?. energy, strengthgUl n. slavc, seryant.gulak n. ear.gulak asrnåk v.listen.gulah gabartmak (negative form) v. ignore,EX: ()1 nraña gtlak gabartmady. I{e ignored ne.gulak goym*k v. listen.gulak salmak v listeu.gulnlrhllka n. earing.gulluk r. service (i.e. militar:y). EX: ,Menparahatçylyk korprnyuda gulluk edfåit'in. I anrdoing seruice in the Peace Corps.gullukçy n. plofessional.gullukçy ¡¡. olçrk.gulp z. lock. EX: Gapynyñ guþy. Door lock.gulp rz. hanclle (i.e. on a teapot).gulp urmak v. loclc.gulplamak v. look.gum r. sand,$üÍl ir. desert.gumalak 71. manttre.gumânitar (r) adi. humanitarian.gumfy n. ttntle dovç.gunçâ n. butl (of a flourer).gundamak v. swaddle.gunt ri. lead (the element),gupbâ r¡. dome.gurak adj. dry.gurahlyk r. drought.gufal n. tool (large tool: shovel, hoe, etc.).gnf4mâ rr. organization.gufamaçy n. organizer.gurâm açylyklY adi. organized.guramak v. organize (i.e. aprnject)'guramak v. dryup, wither, dry (i.e. clothes),gufban v. sacrifice.gurban-baf ramy n, rRl' Muslim sacrificial feastgurbanlyk r. lle.f; rcligious sacrificeGurbansoltan afy n. April.gurbat n. strengthgurçuk n. wotm,caterPillar.gûrgun ad7. doing ñne9D9n009Turkmen-English Dictionary

GurhanGurhan n. Koran.gurjâk r¿. doll.gufluÐ n. slructure. system EX: Demokatik glrhrç.Democratic system.gurluçyk ¡r. oonstruction.gurmâk v. build [built, builtl.gurmâk v. establishgurnak r¡. club.gurnamflk v. organize (i.e. a ploject). assembleestablishgurp r?. power, streugtlrgurçfimak u. strfloutrd, encit'cle.gur$un n. lead (thc clcmcnt).gürt n woun, maggotgurt n, wolfl{ur! adj. dty, dried, deliydrated (i.c. of fitrit ornrelon).gusmak u. vomit.gussa ,?. sorrow. sadnessgu$ n. bird.guçak r. belf.guçamaL v. fasten (i.e. abett¡.gutap n. ltef 'lukrmeu rneatpiegutaren adj. ReJ! Can also be used in a disparagingflranncr similar to "washed up," completely (i.e.completely snrpid) finishedgutârmak r,. end, fioish, complete, conclr¡de#. EX:Oknw fyl Magtynguly a¡iyncla gutarar. Theschool year will cud in May. IrX: Men of içimicj¡iüm gutardym, I have already f,urished myhornework.gutarnakly adv. completcly.gutlag r. congratulation.gutlâg r. welcome.gutlamak v. congrafulate, toast.Gutly bolsun! intj. Congratulationsl May it beblessed!gutulmah u. reooyer (from an illness), hcal.gutulmak r.,. rescued (to be...).guty /?. box,gtlït/ n. swari,guwanç r. pride.guwanmak u. proud (to be...).guiguç ¡r. firnrrcl.guimah y. poilr.guiruk r?, tail.guiy ¿¡,well (for water).n. tank (water tanlc).Eaiyguzlamak v. birth (to give...) (of an animal).guzy rr.lamb.güjeñlemek v. tarmt, tease,güjük r. dog (Marydialect), puppy.güjäk çâgasy r?. puppy. ReJ: Maty dialectgül ri. flower.güägüIdürmek r,. laugh (make someone ...).gülek n. comedian.gülgüne acti.pink.gfilki r. laughter.gülki tutmak v Ref: see güldütnekgälküti adj. funnygüllrünç aclj. fnnny.güllemek r¿ bloom.gülmeh v.laugh.güim bol! id. go awaytgüm etmek v. olear off,, r'emovegüman n. suspicion. ideagüman etmek u. snppose. gucss ËX: Men crtirhowa açylirr dijip gürnau et'.ierin. I think thcweather will be clear tomorrow.gümmez n. dome, cnpola.gürnmiirdefllÊk r,. thtmcÌer.gümmürdi r. thuncler.gümra arlj. trr.sy r,vith, ongagctl with. EX: Mcn ojiçim bilen gümra. I aur busywifh my homewolk.gÍlmräk (gürnrükhana) n. customs house.customs post ËX; Mcn aeroportyñ gümrügindcgaraçmaly boldr¡rn. I had to wait at the airportcüstorxs post.güil ir. sun.gün r. day.gün geçirmek r. earn a living, get by.gün görmeh v..Rel see gtin geçirmekgün tertibi ¡¿. schedule, agenda, tirnetable.günaça ir. evetyother day.günbatar n. west,günbatar ødj. western.günbe-gün odv. daily.günde adrr. evetyday.gänclelih n. dinry.gändelik adl. daily. EX: Giïndelih gazetany. Thedaily newspaper.gündiz r. daytimc.gündogar in. east.gündogar ¿di. eastern.güne fanmak u. sunbunred (get...).günebakar ¡¡.sunflowe¡.güneç ¡r. sunshine.günåi n. sin, faulf.günåilrär adj. gilty.günäkär n. sinnet.güniikärlemek y. convict (assign blarnc).giinåikärlcmek u. blarne, âcsrse, condemn#.güni r. clate.günorta z. south.günortâ o¿ú. southem,gùnortan a. midday, noon.giinuzyn adv. allday.güñ n. deafpcrson. deafnute4r) Turkmen-English Dictionary 9n9n0t9

süpgi¡p r. Iarge kettlegüp adv. righlthere, right awaygÍipbi n. quilted jacket.güplemek u. boast.gär adj. thick (dense --i.e. haü', plants).i.e. ìrair, plarrts), dense (thickgür ad7. bushy(ofhair).gürlemek v. dircctions (give...). spea[

gyzyktyhapa bolmakgyzykly azl¡ intcres tiug.gyzykly bolmak r'. iìur (to have...).gyzyksyz adj.botng.gyryl adj.red.H-hgYrya n. goldgyzylflÍak n. flamilgo.habar n. ne'rv$.habar ø. inf,brmation,hab*r bermek v. Rel! [Jsed when informatjon indeliverc

hapa salyn¡ian gaphat ø, letter.be,.,)hapa salynfan gap n. ftash can, garbage can. Ref: hat n. document.lil garbage contaìnerhapalamak v. dirty (to get something...). h*tu' n. error, mistakehapysalyk n. polhrtion.hatar r. row.haraba ¡r. ruirs. EX: Men gadyrny Merydäki hatar ir. clanger, t'isk.hat n. writing, hatdwriting.hemiçelilrharabalary gördirn. I saw {te ruins at ancient hatda adv. anyway, even lhough. E.X: Hatcla sañamysalyñ jogabyny belsern hern falñy5Mcrv.harajat r¡. need reqrirementharam ø¿fj. forbidden (by rhe Korær).haram öImek v. Ref: To die of natural causes, asopposed to beirrg slaughteredharap adj. ruìned, clcstnryedharasat ¡r. hulricane.harby ir. rnilitary.harby lrgdty ¿, mar:tia[ iaw.harç r. cxpeuses.harçlamak r, spen

herniçelikhemiqelik adv. forcver,hcmme cdj. every, all (every).hemme ferde r. everylvhere.hemme z¿t ri. everything.hemmeler r?. everyoue, everybody.hcmmämiz ¡2. allof us.hemr* z. companion.heniz adt. still. yet I1X: Ol heriz çu taj'rtalaçayarmy? Does he still live here?heñ n. rnold" mildew.heñ n. tune, melody,hepde ø. rveek.hepdelik ødr'- weckly. EX; Mcrr hcpdelik kursokad¡faryn. I teaçh a weekly Çoulse.hepdelik adt. orw week EX: I'Iepdelik gezelenç. Aone-weeh trÌp.her adj. cach.her bir adj. each, every sìngle. EX: lvfekdepimizdeher bir olcuwçy iälisçe okafar. Iu our schoolevery sitgle sftrcleirt stuclies lìuglish.hcr dürli a¿û. a variety of, alt solts of EX: Menunive¡'sitetcfe hel dtirli sapaklar okactym. Atunivelsity I smclied a variety of diffcrontsubjects.her gezeh ørlv. every time.her gän adv. dally.her gün adv. wery day.her haçan ø¿lu. whenever,her hafsy adj. cach.her hili adi. e,tery type of. many differurt lcinds ofEX: $ol däkanda ber hili sü1i.ii bar. In that storethere are many different kinds of oandy.her kes pro.'àïyonc, anybody.her kim ,?. everyone, everybody.her niiçe adv. no matter how many, no matter howmuch as many times as EX: Mugallyrn olorwçaher näçe düçündilse hem okuwçy düçünmejrär.No matter how nany times the teacher explainsto the student, the student does not understand.her niçik corr_¡. hervever, nonetheless. EX: Bizyad:rdyk, föne, her niçik hem bolsa, bu içigutarsak gowy bolar'. 'We are tired; nonetheless,it ì be good'illifwe finish this worlç.her wagt a¿ñr. each time.hcrelcct n. action, movement. EX: Emin agzalarygymnastlaryñ her bir heleketini synlayarlar. Thejtrdges watch the g¡rrnnasts' cveryaction/movement.hercket ctmek u. move. EX: ÏIereket etsefiäçcmersiñ. If you move, you lvill not be cold.hereketli adj. active, enelgetic.hergiz adv. never, in no wayhernä adu. fortnnately.hernä ad'¡,. Re,f: used fo eKpress clesire I hope EX:hojalykllernä ol gelipdir. l hope she camc.hernä adv. atyway. in any ca"sehefkel n. statuç.hezil n. fun, enjoymont,hezil bolmak v. enjoy oneself. fun (to have...)hezzet ¡'r. honor, fespecthea¿et ir. hospitalityhäkim r?. mayor.h?ikimlik ru. rrayor's ofäce, admiristlation. EX:Mary ç2iheriñ hakimligi. Mary cityadministration ORMtuy city mayofs office.häli odv. rccenllyhäsiyet ¿. chalactçr (personality), trait, personalíty.IìX; Onyñ häsifeti örän oñat. His character isvery goocl. EX: Myhmansöferlik gowy lt?isi¡iet.t{ospitalityis a good tlait.häzir edv. now.häzir corg. while. EX: x ÌVhile I cook dinuer, pleaseclean the bedloom.häzir bolmak u. carefirl (to be...).håizirhi ødj. modern.hâzirki zaman Í. tcnse (present...), present tense.hiç reg. uo¡re. not nohiç haçan adv.never.hiç hili ¿1. üonc, not at all. IiX: gu kino hiç liiliSyzykty däI, This film is uot at all interestingOR This film is not interesting at all.hiç kes z. nobody, no one.hiç kim r. no one,nobody.hiç wagt adv. never.hiç ferdc adu. r¡owhere.hiç zat n. nofhing.hikirdemelc u. giggle.hikirdi r. sniclcer.hil r. quality. HX: $o1 halynyñ hili 'I'hat;fokary,carpet is high quality.hil n, type, kind. sort EX; Tärkmen dilinde iki hiliçckirnli sesler bar', inçe we fogyn. In theTrulcmen langrrage there are two types ofvowels, thin ancl thick.hile r. crurning, craftiness.*himika(r) n. chemical.himifa(r) rr. cbernisÍ'y.hindi adj. l*dian (i.e. frorn 'tndia), Indian (NativeAmerican).hiññitdik n swing. EX: Curban Ba¡iramda bizhiflñildikdc uçfarys. Duting Gurban Ba¡ilam wedde on swings.hoja ru. holy manhojalyk r- economy. EX: Bazar hojalygy. Marketeçonomy.hojatyk ¡r. household. EX: $u obada, 25 hojalyk bar.In this village there ars 25 householrls.hojalyk n. sector'(ecouomic...). EX: Nebit hojalygy.44 Tud

hojalykçyThe oil sector of the eÇonomy.hojalyliçy r. manager'(of a houselrold)hojtfyn (adam) r. owner, host.hojafyn (afal) ¡r. owrrer, hostess.hokkef(r) n. hockey.hol aclv. therc,right thereholodilnik(r) ø. reû'igerator.hopukmak v. gasp.hor adj, rhin(i.e. people or anirnals).horaz n. rooster, cock.horlanmak rr. lose weìght.horlanmak r,. st¡ffer, to be irr neeclhorluk r. sulïcring.horma n. date (thc f?uit).hormat r. respect. honorhormatlamak u respect, honor'.hossar n. relatlahoç odj. goodhog ûrg. goodbyehoç inti. fineItoç geldÍñiz! rrr¡. welcome!hoçallylt n. pleasure,hoçallylc z. gratitude.hoçgün n. Wetlnesday.hoçniyetli adj. benevolent.howa n. air.howa r.,"veather.howa¡iy arly. meaningless. EX: Biz du¡in howa¡iygüuiiñ etdik. Yesterday we made meauinglessconversation.howdan n. nond.howlukmaç ødr,. hasty.howlukmaçlyk r. haste.howlukmak u. Jrury, rush.howly r. yard,howp r. danger.howp salmel( v.

hyfalindihyfal arl¡ irnagirrary.hyfal füwärfmckhyfanat x. harm(intentional harm). evilhyjar ¡r. cucumbeL.hyzmat ¡¡. sr,rvice, employment.v. fantasize, daydream.I-ihyzmat etmek v. strve.hyzmatdaç /,. pütner.hyzmatdaçlyk n. cooperation.hyzmatkär r?. servant.ibermek v. ssnd fsent, sentl,iç¡r. stomach-, intestines. EX: Meniñ içim agyr¡iar.My stotnach hnrts.n. insidc.içiç gysganç arlj. boling.iç gysmak r,. bored (tobe...).içaly n. spy.içeri arfu. inside. EX: Men içeri girdim. I lventinside.içeri r. internal. EX: lçeri irsler. Internal aff¿irs.içeri r. hoLmeholcl. EX: Menifr içerinr asuda. Myhouseliold is peaceful.içerki rrzl¡ intemal, domestic.içgi n. drink, beverageiçgin arlv, dccply (in depth). EXr Ol univelsitctdeedebifaty içgin okapdy. During university heshrdied literature in clepth.içinde ødv. inside, iu.içinde bolmak r;. contain. EX: gu gutynyn içinde37 kitap bar'. This box contains 37 books.içine adt. inio, in.içine girmek v. come in, get in.içki adi.irrirer.Íçki gefim r. tmderweaL.içlik rr. lining. IÌX; $u paltonyñ fumçak içligi bar.That coat has a solt lining.içmek v. clrink.içfakgyç adj. oftensive, annoying.içfan n, scorpiou.ideg n. ReJ: the wotk ofraising a child, upbringingitleg etmek v. nurse.idcg etmek v. take care o1'(i.e. a child). raise (i,e. ar:hild)idetmek r¿ raise. bring up, EXr Meniñ ejemçagalaryry gowy idetdi. My mother raised herchildlen well,idefa(r) n.idea.idi n. care (!ookir4 after). looking after somethingidi n. upbringingidili edj.polite. well brought-upidioma(r) a. idiom.ig rz. holy mar (rare) prre T'urkmenikelläp ødv. wholeheartedly. Ilef: Tit: with bclthikihandsnr¡m. tv,to.ilii ärküCli düfe r. camel (llactrian carrrcl).iki-b¿ka adv. backanrl forth.ikiçäk a¿lv. one on onç, privatc (in...). EX; Men senifibilen ildÇ¿ik gepleçesim geljlir. I ìvant to spcakwith you in private.ikindin r, dusk.ikirjiñlemek v. hesit¿te. doubtilritaraplaflraadi. mutual. EX: Ikitaraplalynbähbitlì. Mutually bencficial.ir, people.ilil r. land, countly EX: Ol claE illercle gelipdi. Iletraveled ir distant lancls.ilat ;r. populatitu,ilntly ad i. pop ulatecl.ilçi n. arnbassador.ilçihana rr. embassy.ileri r. sosthileri ¡r. fi'ont.ileri adv.f'orward,ileri tutmak v. place in fiont. EX: Biz jñ owadansowgaty ileri hrtdyk. We put the urost beautifùlgifr in front.ileri tutmak u. emphasize. EX: Biziñ direlctorimizifllis c{ili ileri hrtcli. Our dj¡ector emphasizeclFjnglish language.ilik n. button.ilki aciv. first, initial.illcinji a dj. first, initíal.ilkinji komek n. Êrst aicl.ilmek v. catch on (lit.),köfirekim gapa ildi.cloor.iman z¡. faith. religion beliefimi-sala adj. peaceñrl (calm). quiethook on. EX: MeniñMy dress oaught on thein n.body(literaryterm).in [Í:nl n. widtli. EX: Yorganyñ ini bjl metr. Theblankefs width i$ onc mÈtor.inçe aa¡. thin (i.e. things).inçe adj.highpitch,inçe cekimli ses z. ReÍ: thir;- vowel, lÌont vowel (e,a, I, o, q)indey i,¿. Nativc American.indi adv. now EX: Indi rnen içimi baçlajak. Now Iwill begin my work,indi qdv. mors. EX: Maña indi çorba gerek dä|. I46 Tulkmen-English Dictionary 9/29/20Ð9

indikidon't neqd more soup.indilii adl. next. tunrre EX: Men indiki hepdeAçgabada giclerin. Next weelc I will go toAggabat- EX: Indiki sapaklarda, siz nåimeokarsyñyz? During firture lessons what will youstudy?ine ing. yon see, there EX: Ine, men ol gelerdiginidiftlim. You see, I saicl hc wotlld come.ine in[. take it, here it isini rr. yotmger brotherini n. Rql: fbrm of address to â younger nralc. EX:Salam inim. Ilello young ntan.injir r. fig,inÍener(r) n engineer.inkär etmek u. deny, leiect. EX: Olar meniñ atzasowalnamamy irrkär' etdiler. 'ì'hey rejectecl myapplication.inmek u. descend, flc¡w down. EX: Surv daglzuclanindi. 'l'hc vr¡ater flowed clown fi'or¡r thenrountains. EX: Kepderi asmandau intli. TherJove descencletl from the sky.inrnek u, fall fi'orL fall away from, pass frorn liX:Cynarrç orryñ fÈizinclen inc{i we ol fylgyrdy. Thegrief fell fl'om his l'ace and he srniled.institut(r) n. institute.internat(r) r. boarding scltool.iit ¿r¿iy. rnost. EX: Ol meniñ ifi owacltrn görengyzp.She is the most beautitìrl girl I have everseel1.serf -estiñiñ bärkisi etd¡,. even. EX: Ol iñ båù'kisi maña' seretmedi. FIc didn't even look at me.iÍi bärkisi atlv. tt least. EX: I[

içIikiçlik ru. verb.içsiz adj. ruremployed.içsiz orl7. idle.ø. dog.itit diç r. molar.itcklemeli 1,. push (lit. ancl fig.).itergi r. push, shove.itmek u shoye.ifilfän adj. edibre.iim r. feecl (for aaimals).iim rr. bait (for fishing).J. jjåihetifmeli r. eal [ate, eaten].ifmit ø. nLrtrifion. EX: Saglyk mugallymlar gowyìymit baracla öwred;fåirlel. The health teachersteach abor¡t good nutrition.ijrnit r. foodifmit elükany ¡?. g{ocery store, supermarkelifmlemek v. feed [fèd. fettljul(r) ú.iuly.Ifun(r) ¡r. Jrme.jady n. magic, sorceiy, spell (magic).jadygöf n. wízard.jadylamak y. cäst Ér spelt, ber,vitch.jadyly erteki ø. magicaltale.jahan n. universe. worlcln. young persoll.iahyljahyltyk n. early adulthoodjalbar rr. trousers, parlts.jam r. bowJ.jan r. soul, spilit. lifejan baçyna ctdv. per capita, perperson.jan etmek v. to do oners bestjanawar ,?. poor thing (of animals), pitilirl thing (ofauimals), wretch.jandar n. çreature. animaljanköer adj.loyaljanköcr z. fan (i.e. sports fan). EX: ReaI Ma

ji¡htjäht n. -Ref see jähetjäjek r. toy.joçmak v. generously(to give...).jigi n. Ref: see oglan jigi or gyz jigi yoilnger siblingjigi n. cousin. /?el; if fathers arebrothers iögi ¡r. fàke. liarjigi n. tìeJ': fbrm of address to someone who is jöwher r, jewcl.youngerÌikgermek v. glare.kagyzjola n. bed (planls etc.), row (i.e. a crop). EXrBaclam jof any. The eggplant bed,juda adv. increclibly. extremelyjuda adv. increctibly.julk arl7'. r'otten s¡roilecl (ofwatermelon)juwan ir. youth.jikme-jik adr,. thoroughly.iilet r. waistcoat.jisin n. matter, substance. EX: Narkotiki jisimler. jübi n. pocket.Narcotic substances. ËX: Suwuk jisimler. jäbi telefon n. cellphone.Liquids.jühüt n. Ref see inpjogap n. aûswer,jüje ¡r. chick..iogap bermelc v. answcr.jogapkär adj. responsible,liable.jojuk n. piglet.jomart øcft'. genelous.jomartlyk n. generosity.jomruh ¡?. sftrmp.jontuk afl. bobbed, otrt ofÌ.jora r. frieucl (when two girls are f iends).jorap r. sock.joçgun n. fJood,joçgun n. enthlsiam. passion.joçmak r'. overt'low.joçtnak u to be in a good moodåiraf(r) n. giraffe.äurnalistika(r) n. journalism.þ,-rtZnrnalist(r) n. .iouruaiist.Í,urnal(r) n. magazi*e, jorutal, rcgistcr (i.c, classK-kjülge n. valleyjüp n.ptk,couple.jtip ad.i. evwntunbers.jüptek ø. t\4'eçzers,jür adj. accrnte (about aperson), conscientious,järletmek r,. whistle.;jyga r. crowrr.jygba-jyg r. mitical rrromeüt, decisive r:ornentjyns ir. gencler, sc'x (gender).r?. race, ethnicityiyns jynsparaz r. racisl, bigot..iynsparazlyk ir. tacism.register).ãfuri(r) n..iury.kabina(r) n. cab (of a vehicle).people.kabinet(r) n. office.ktbul eÉmek r¿ receive. EX: Kitaphana l0 täzckabinet(r) zi. cabinet. [ÌX: Ministlli kabinet. kitaby kabul ctdi. The library received l0 newCabinet of ministers,books.kabul n. acce,ptance, admittance.k¿bul etrnek v. ratify EX: Hökümetimiz Þölkabul bolsun! intj. God blessl /ty' lit: I-et him/her \,vadalagygy kabul etdi. Oru goverrment ratifietlenter! ({Jsually said at Junerals oL Gurb¿n the treaty.Bayram)kada ¡r. rule. norm. lawkabul edilmek .u. acoeptecl (to be..,), admitted 1to kacla-kanuny bozmak v. break thc rules.be..).kadalaçdyrnrâk v. order, normalize, irnpose ruleskabul etmel< r¡. accept (i.e to a university), admit upon EXI Lukman nasagyñ gmyny derman(i.e. to a univcrsity). EX: gol univsrsitetdc bilen kadadaqdyrdy. The doctor normalized the¡¡iytda diñe 200 talyp kabul edilfer. Only 200patient's blood with medicine.students per year a¡e admitted to that universify. haÊ'e(r) n. cafe.kabul etmek y. host. EX: $ol tof zaly 200 adam kagyz n. paperlsheetofpaper.kabul etip bily2ir. That party hall can host 200 kagyz ¡r. documett.9t29t2009 Turkmen-English Ðictionary 49

kakk¿k ¿. dried melonkaka n. father.kakabaç adl. ill brec{, ill bebavecl.kakao(r) r?. cocoa.kakmak p. knook (i.e. on a door).kakm¿k u. hit (collide with), bump.kakyçmlk v. crash.kalendar(r) n. calendar.kalorifa(r) ¡r. calorie.kanagatlannta /r, satisfaction.kanagatly aclj. pafient.kanagatly arlj. contented. satis{icd.kanal(r) r. canal.kanikul(r) r¡. vacation.kanun r, lav''.kauunçy r.lawyer'.kanuny ncl¡. legal, judicial.hapas øcl¡ stuffy.hapasa r?. oâge.kapitan r. captain.kapyr n. inficlel (non-rnuslim).kapyja re. rhyrne.kapyfalaçmak rr lhyrnc.karar n. clecision, tuling, resolrttion.lçarar¡ gelmek v. dccicle, conclude.kararly adj. Ref: see kanagatlykarikatnra(r) n. cartoon.kart m. playing card.karta(r) n. mep,hartoska(r) n. potato.kart(r) n. card. EX: K'edit kart. Ctedit cartl.kÐtz n. cxedit,karz almak v. borrolv monoy.k¿rz bermek v. lend rnoney [ent, lent].kasam r- oath, pledge.kasam etrnek v. swear (promise) [swore, sworn],oath (take an...).kassa(r) n. cashier.kasseta(r) ir. tape (cassette tape), cassette tapekast ¡2. assassination.hast n. revengehast etmck u. harm (intentionally), killkatagatlandyrylma dyk arly. frustrated.katok(r) r. skating rink.I

keselhanaheselhana r. hospJtal.keselli øfr. sick, ill.kesgir adj. shrp.kes gitlemelc rr- determine, deÊtne.liesgitli adr. specific, detinite.kesir a¿li.stubborn.kcsir ¡¡. fraction (in arithrnetic).lcesmelc u cnt fout, outl, slice.keçde n. embroidery.keçde ¡¡. needle-work.heçde çel(mel(r,. cmbroider.keçdeli balak n. Ref: Embroidered pants thatwonren lve¿rr un

köklegenkök r. root (i.e. in math).köke n. cookie,köl r.lake.kölcgc r. shade, shadow.kömek z. help. assistancc, aicl.kömekçi n. helper, assisl¿urt.kämekçi içlik n. Ref auxillaryverb, helping verbhömekleçmeh v. help.kömelek ¡r. mtrshroonr.köne ad7. old (i.e. things).köñül n. heafi, soul (literary word)köp adj. many,much, lots of. a lot oflcöpelmek v. incre¿rsc (i,s. quantity or quality).köplenç ødv. usually. most ofthe timeköplük n. majority.ktiplük n. plulal. EX: Piçikler pisigifi köpllil

lenta(r)rnasgaralamaklenta(r) r. ribbon.leäf,eç n. qab.lezzel ø. pleasure.lezzet almak v. enjoy oneself fun (have...)lezzet bermek u. please.läbik n. nL¡d.lälc n. ReJ: lype oflfraditional tulkrnen songlälezar ¡1. meadow.limon(r) r. lemon.linfcka(r) ¡r. n¡ler (i.e. for drawing).lirilci çygyr n. ly'ic.M-mlist(r) r¡. page, shcet (ofpaper').lomaj n. large amountlomaf sowda n.,¡-holesale.loterefa(r) r. lottery.lukman ¿1. doctor',lukmançylyk it. medìcine (the fielcl).luw n. fish (old word)lüle kebap r. glound meat lcebablüt adj. absolutely cornpletelymadda(¡:) r. substauce. m&tter.maddy r. rnateriel (i.e. for building). EX: Jaj' satyanaclama rnaddy ta¡fclan lcömek edilse, gowy bolar.If the pelson who is building the horrse gets helpwith lraterials, it woulcl be good.rnadyrclarntk y. talk encllessly.mâg4l.yf rr. edrcationrnâgÈt øølj. obviously (rate)rnagazin(r) n. store. Íinop.m¿rgdân ¡?. oremàgdan käni ¡r. mirre (ì.e. mineral). EX: Altynmagdan kfiri. Gold mine.mâgistrâ¡ yol rr. highway, r'oad (rnain road)mâglumÐt r. informaticn, clata.mAglumât n. report, r'ecord.magnilofon(r) ,. stereo, tape rccorcler, CÐ player.magnit(r) r. magnet.mâg$ym n. Ref: Ðashoguz dialect holy manMagtymguly aÍy r. May.mahûl n time periocl of time EX; iagyq ¡iagyp cluranmahaly biz clagaldadyk. Duing the time it wasraining, we rvere outside.m¿hmâl r. velvet, plush.mâhrum arl7. cleprived. EX: Ot çagaka enesindenmahnul bclnpdy, sebäbi cjesi aradan çykdy.During his childhood he was deprived of hismotlrer because she passed away.mâhsuS ad.¡. unique. EX: Onyä özünc mahsussypatlary bar. FIe has his olvn rniquecharaçfedstics.makala ø. article (of a periodical).makala ¡?. essay.makâron(r) n. maoaroni, pasta, noodles.makolv adj. bratty, incotrigible.maksât r. goal, aim.maks¿rtnama n. program, plan, goal EXI Iläç fyllykmaksatnama. lìive-year plan.mâkul adj. acceptable.makulatura Í, wastçpaper.mahullamak u. approve. agreemâl ¿. livestock.malafuatly ad.i. politemaldar ¡r. raucher, livestock brcecler.mali¡ie ¡r. finances. EX: t(llara maliye tajdankömek gerek. Thcy need help rvìth theirfìnances.rnaliyeleçtlirmßk u. finance. funtf.rnama r. grandmother rnothcr's mother old womanmamla ercli. cortectm¿ìnât n. Ref: rnanat: Turkmen (and Azet'baiiani)Çull'cltcymândarin(r) n, mandarìne (fhe fruit).manty n. Ref: mrnly: central Asian dumplingmany r- meanlng.m¿lnyly arl7. significant.mânysyz arlj. meanitgless, pointless.maña pro-tome.mañlai r. fbrehead.mlafllny adv. fiont (in...of). EX: Sanjarmyhmanhanasy Ylhatr köçgtiniä mañlafyndaferleç1iàir. The Saujar hotel is locatcd in f,'ont ofthe palace.mañl¿¡Í r. fate destinymañlayly adi.lttcky.mâñyz Í1. core, center (lit. and fig.).mâral r. autelope. t'emale antclopemârl(a(r) r- st¿ünp (postage...), postage stamp.mflrka(r) r. type, brancl (of procluct).marksistik(r) n. marxist.marksizm(r) n. rnzuxism,mârçrutl(a(r) n. van.mârçrut(r) ,?. rout().Mart(r) r¿. March,masgâra ødj. shameful, disgracefirl.masgara bolmak v. shamed ft

masgaralykmâsgar*Iyk ú. scandal.maskâ(r) ¡r. rrask.maslahat ¡r, aclvice.maslahat n. council.maslahat bermek v. advise, counsel.maslâhat salmak v. consult, advice (seek...).maslahatçy r. aclvisor.maslahatlaÇmâk v. discuss (advise one anothet),coufer.maslyk n. body (dead body), corpse.massa¿(r) ú. ma$$age.mâsçtab(r) ¡r. scale (of a map).maçgala n. firmily.maçinka(r) ø. machine.maük ¡r. exercise.maçk etmeh v. exel'cise, workout,maç;artmak r¿ flatten.maçyn (uly...) Í. tmck.maflyn(r) a. car.fil&ta ¡r. cloth, fablic, material (cloth).m¿rt¿Ìl n. riddle.matem¿t tika(r) m. tnathenratics.material(r) n. matcrial. IìX; Gurluçyk matet'iallary.Construction materials.materik(r) n. conliueirt.mawlamak r,. moow.mawy arly. light blue.mârryy aclj. purple.mawzolei(r) n. mausoleum.Ma¡i r. May.mù! n. chauce, opporhrnity. EX: Oña jogap bermägemaf bersene! Plcase give him a chance toanswerlmaia n. savings, capital (i.e. savilgs).mily^ n. Ref pure-bred fcmale two-humped camel(olcl meanittg)mÈfa r. yeast.maia goimäk v. invr¡st.maiâ goium ø. investment.mafadår r¡. stockltolder, investor.mafda adj.tíny.mafdal ¡?. tetnpetate, moderate.mafdalamah u. crush, grind lgrowrd, groundl,break (into pieces).mafka(r) r. tanktop.maflamak v. warm $p.maimyn rz. moukey.ma¡irylmak v. slrain oneself, hut oneself (fromr,vorkírg). EX: Eger men ldçijik käuä münsem,ol mafrylar. If I get on a little donke¡ he wiltstrain himself.måÍsâ ¡?, sprout.maisa n, unripened grainmafyl adj.waun.meniñmafyllyk r. wann weather.maiyp n. invalicl.m ayyplyk adi. disability.mafyrmak v. strain (to apply stress). EX: Agy i9adamy malyryar. Flard work sttains a person'mafyçgahlYk a. 0exìbility.m:â:åù ø. pleasruemnzùly ú (l ¡,. properly, comPletelYmazaly acfu. quietly, calmlYma,zaly arlj. pleasurable.m Z f n.gt'àve.mazarlyl( fl. cemetery, graveYard.maztnun r. contents. EX: 'IÏr'kmcnistanda maz.trl1lDkitabyä yzynda, In Turkmenistan a book'scontents is it the back.mebel(r) ¡¡. fi.rnritulc.medal(r) ¡¡. meclal.medeni rrølj. cultural.medenifet n. culture.medres€ n. Ile.f: mrdrasa: muslim teligious sclroolmcger conj. probably, perhaps EX: Meger ol çu güngeler'. Ile will ptobably come toclay.meh i¡ry'. here, take it!mehanik(r) n. mechanic.mejbur etmek v. force (force sotneorre to dosomething). [ìX: Onyñ latarnaz endikleriogrulyk €tm¿ige mejbur etdi. His bad habitsforced him to sleal.mejbury ødl'. mandatory, comptrlsory requircd(compulsoly). EX; Mcn mejbury Açgabadagitmeli boldLrm. I had to go fo Ashgab¿t OR Itwas oompulsory/mandatory/required that I go toAshgabat, EX:'l'ür'kmclristanda olcuw mejbuSrIn Turkmenistan 'scþool lsootnpul soty/man datory/required.mcjlis r. parliament.mejlis ¿. conftrence.mejnun adj. Ret: Name of a mythical mau whobecame a crazy herrnit ill the mountains when hecouldn't manyhis true lovc. ctazy insanemekan n. countuy.mekdep n. school.mekge (mekgejöwo*) n, corn.mekir adj. sly, cunning. cÏcvermele adi. beige, brown.melhem ¡2. ointrnent, balm.melleh ra. gatden picce of landmel(r) n. challc.men po. l.mgn .tD¡'o. me.menejer(r) n. nlarager.menek n. spot, stain.mcnek ¡r. mole, freckle.meniñ pro.my.Turkmen-English Dictionary9n9n009

meÍiñçem€niñçe id. inmyopinionmcniñlcÍ pru. mine.mcn-menlik n. conceit, arrogaflce.meniu(r) ,?. menLlmenzil n. distanse EX: Juma krlp menzilleli geçip özobasyna geldi. Juma walked a long clisfance tohis village.menzil le station. IjX: Awto menzil. Taxi\busstation.Ít€ñ n, mole.mtñiz n, t¿ce.mcñzemek v. resemble, loolc like.meiizeç adj. sirnilat.meñzeçlih adl. liksness.mßñzetme n. simile, metaphor.mistake (misfake fcrsomcone/something clsc). EX: Men sentdostuma meñzettlim. I mistook you lor myfäend.merdana adj. ILef: see mcltmerdiwan n. stairs.merdiwan ¡r.ladder.mergen r. mail

milfa(r) (1.6 km)milfa(r) (1.6 km) n. mile.minara n. minæet, tower.ministr(r) n. minister (political).minnetd* r ddj. Eretefry'., thanlcf,rl.minnetdarlyk n. gratitude.minus(r) n. minus.minutlyk azlj. momentary.minut(r) z. minute.míras r. heiitage, legacy. EX: Türkmen halky bajmirasy bar. The Tr¡rkmen people have a richheritage.miras n. inheritance. EX: Ene-atam ölenden soñ.olalclan maña köp miras galdy. Aftel my parentsdied a large inheritence was leÊ to me.miras galmak v. inherit.mirasçy m. heir, sucoessor.mirasdar n. iRe/i see nrilasçymis ,?. copper.misl-l- prep. like, as il (líterary word) EX: Ol mislitaw¡$ guç faly owadarr. Sbe is as bc'autiful as apeacock.miwe n. filit.miweli gutap n. pie,mifesscr bolmak v. happen. çome to passmiyesser etmek v. happen, come to pass IìX:'I'äzeuraçyn almak sizede mi¡iesser etsin. May it cometo pass that yorrbuy a new car.mizemez adj. steadfas t, unshakeable.modal içlik ¡r. modalve¡'b.moda(r) adl. fashionable.moda(r) ¡z.fashion.mojuk adl. turpleasant. badmolamak Ì. moo.molekula n. molecule.molla ru. mullah.mollâtorga¡i n. lartc (thebild).monça bolmak u. glad (to be...), r'ejoice.monjuk r¡. bead.monjuk n. necklace.montaZ etmek v. eclit (video).moroÉenoe(r) n. ice cream.motor fag n. motor oil,motor(r) irl. motor, engine.motosikl(r) r. motorcyole.mowzuk n. topic, theme.mowzuk r¡. title,mofmuldamah v. waddle.mäçbcr í. amount, quantity, scale. EX: Men ikimillion möçberinde a¡flyk alj'aryn. The amountof my salary is two milliou OR I takc a salary oftwo míllion manat. EX: Biz fef,ig baframynywela¡iat möçberinde belläp geçdik. Wecelebrated victory day on a regional scale.möhlet r. period of time, expìration. EX: göhlatyñmüñkürlikrnöhleti Tür'lcnenbaçy aÍynyn bäçine çenli. 'lhesausage's expiration date is the lifth ofJanrrary.möhletli adj. -term, EX: Gysga möhletli kredìt.Short-term creefit.möhum ørl;. important.mðhurnluk n. imporlance.möhür ru. seal (official seal), stamp (official stûmp).möjek n. wolf.möjek n. insect.mör-möjek r¡. insectmöwç almalc (urmah) v. J?y' see möwjemekmäwjemek ?. rage storm intensífumöwsüm n. season (agriculhrral). EXI Bugdafmöwsi.im. WT eat scason.möy r. spider.mugallym r. teaoher.mugt adj. lree (fì'ee of charge), fi-ec of r:hatgc.mukaddes adi. saued.mukam a. mclody. musicmukdar rr. quantity" amount.mukdar sanl¿r n. cardinal numbers.mum r?. w¿lx.munça c,dv. so much, so many. EX: Munça kitabynädip okaj'arsyä? I'Iow do you reacl so manybooks?munça qdv. so, if so, thcrefore EX: Munça bolanyragörä bu igi gutaraly. If so, let's finish the work.mundan befläk ir1. fromnow on, afÌer thismundan öñ id. before thisÍtuft fi. moustache.musaiy ad7. Jewish.muskul(r) n. nr$sclc.musor n. trash, galbagc.musulmân n. Muslim.muçakgât z. difÏiculty, misforírnemuçdâk l. lovet, acLnirer, fän (i.e. sports fan). EX:Kino muçdagy. Movie lover,musdâk adj. thirsry, posessing a strong desiremuzei(r) n. museuûl.mäbärek adj. blessed.mübäreklemek r'. wish well, bless.müdirni adi. etemalmüdir n. dilector.mailk r. possessions, propeÍy, land (plopcrty).müIkdar r. farmer (farm owner), landowner.mämkin adv. mayhe, perhaps.mümkinçilik a. opporonity, possibilit¡ chance.rnünmek v. get in, get on, mount. EX; Mennaçlmyma mtindim. I got in rny car. t Menatyma mändim. I got on myhorse OR I mountedmy horse.müñ r. thousand.müñküldemek v. tremble, for one's lips to tremble.müñkürlik n. doubt56 Turkmen-English D ictionary 9/29/2009

mürçüknamys etmekmürçük adj.w:dlnklcd.mürepbe r. jam, jelly.Müsür n. Egypt.rnüçdefi n. customer, client.müwessa bilmek v. decide (r:are)müìvos$Ð gelmeh v. decide (rare)müin n. çmbarâssment.miiyn r. guilt (the cmotion).müfn r. shyness, timiclity,rnüjnergemêk v. feel guilty.müjnli adj. gtìlty (thc f,ì:elirrg), embarrasscd.müfnnürgcmek v. embarrassed (to be...).mydama ctch'.always.rnydar n. strongth ÐX: Iglemäge ntydatym fok. Idon't have the strength to work.mydar r. living condiÍious. üX: $ol bir mydar'. It'sa life. (i,e Hc's not rich, bnt he's alive.)myhman Í. gil€st.m5.hrnançylyga barmak v. visit, go visiting.myhmtnhana r. hotel.myhrnanlar /?. company (guests).myhmansöy er acl i. hospitable.N-nmyhmansö¡ierlik r. hospitality.mylakat r. kindness. fi'ienclliressmylalratly adj.kind.mylaÍym adi. polite fì-iendly pleasanlmylkyk aclj. sofrrnylkyk adj. ovu-ripe. EX: Porridor mylkyk. Thetomafo is over-ripe.mynâsyp ødl. deserving, worthY.mynâsyp bolmah v. deserve.mynçgåmak v. knead.mynjyran ørfi. crushed.mynjyranmak u. ct'ush.myrat rr. goal (anrbition).rnyrtar aclj. batltnysal r. example.rnysal üçin ;.,1. example (fbL...i.mysala ,?. appçarance.mysalfi n. exterior.myssyk adj. sofr.(i.e. bread)myç-myç r?. ftlmol', gossþ.nabat r. roc[< carrdy.naçatnik(r) n. boss, chiefìn¿çâr adl. helpless, pitifulnadan ødj. huocent.natlanlyk r. innocence.¡radara ¡2, scandal.nådyl azlj, offendecl.nagAn ,ry. revolver.n¿fgma r?. soügIIilf,t atu. imrnecliately ËX: Sen puly nagt bermeli.You should give the llroiley ímrnecliately,nagt adj. available onhanclnagt puly r. cash.nAgy$ n. orrlâmcnt, decorative pattern.nâgyç n. embroiclery.nagyçly ad7, ornametted.nâh n. lleJ: rctghcotton materialnahal n. sapling.nahar ¿. r¡eal, food.nâhâr çemçe r. tablespoon.nâhar duzy rz. table salt.naharhana r, kitchen, cafeteria.naharlamak v. fced [fed, fed].nthârlanmak v. fed (to be...).nakle¡ika(r) r. sticker'.nakyl r. provet'b.nâl ¡¡, horse shoe.nalaç adj. forced, cornpelled.naladajefittlik n. incompetencc.nalajedefin adi. incapable.nalajedefin azf.¡. helpless (of a ¡rerson).nalamak v. rrroan, gt'oan.nalçy n. fa¡ricr.nallamak v. shoe (a horse).nalog(r) r?. t;ìx.nalyç n. oonrplaintnâm¿ n. lettelnâmlt srf tlocttmentnamart ¿ cowardnâmârtlamak r. cowardly (to act...).n*maz n.prãYer.namâz Ohamak .¡t. pft!. r.ead aplayernamtzhon adj. pious, devout.namazlyk n. prayer rugnam-nyçan ¡2. traçc. EX: Gadymy qåiherdeir namrryçan1i'ok. There is no trace of the ærcient city,namys r. honor (integlity), dignity,namy$ r¡. sharne (sense of shame)namys bilmeli r¿ consider something to beshameftl EX: Men bcfdip yötmämi namysbilfäriu. I woulcl consider such behaviorshamefrrl.nâmys degmek v. shamc, humiliate.nâmys etmek v. embarrassccl (to be...), ashamcd (tobe...). to be morally wrongedfiamys etmek v. honorably(to act.,.),9n9D009 Turkmen-English Dictionary 57

namysa degmeknamysa degmek v. rnpe. EX: Ol gyzyi namysynadegdi.IIe raped the girl.namysà gofmak v. shame, put to shame.nâmysjâñ adj. honorahle.namysly odj. ReI: see namysjaíinan ø. bread, food (Mary clialect).nan biçirf9in adam ¡r. baker.nApAgA r. peilsron.nÐf ,?. pomegranatç.DAf ¡r. ftaureilafpyz ¡2. mlut.n¿lrf âd(r) r. rnilitary cluty.nas n. IleJ': nas'. green powdeled tobacco taken uuclerthe tonguenASOS r. pump.tlÍllry n. log.nfrÍ n.pîpe(forsmoking).nâibaçy arl7'. perfect, firstnajça n. spool.na:iynjar ad¡| pathetic, pititirlnaiyns¿rp arlj. dishonorable, immoral.najza a. spear.nîza'f r. glance.nù'¿ùr stlmak v. look at, take a look atnrzalù almak u. nrincl (keep in...)" keep in rnind.nãzaÍù tutmak v. keep in mind, rnind (keep in..,).EX: Srury nazarcla tufsak, srr yylda gowy hasylalarys. Keeping this in mind, this year we willhave a good harvest.nazarkerde adj.noble.rriazâ,ryiÈt r. theory.nâz-nygmât n. oornuoopia. gtcat bounty (of food)n€ber€ ¡r. relatles anoestrynebir adj. precious.nebis z. profìtnebis r. greed.nebis agyrmak v. pity.nebísjeñ adj. greedynebisÌeñHk n. selÊinterest, greed.nebit n. oil (petroleum).nebitçi n. oilworker.nebscwülih n. greed.nebsewür adj. greedynebsimiz agyrsa-da (tdv.unfortunatelyneçjar í. carpenter.aejis adj. evil nastyûejis âdâm r. scoundrel, jerk.nejisl€mek v. slanderntm /¡. dampness, moisfureIrem n.mrrcous.nçme lnf, umm....nomes adj. German.nemli ad¡'. moist, dampregrettably.näçinjinentñ qmr*. low,what kindnep r.profitnepes durlamah ¡1y'. collect one's thoughtsnepis adj. ReJi usually said of hancLnade things highqualityneresse n. childneresse adj. pititul.nerkes n. dafbdil.nefw(r) n. nsrve.nes¡be r- luck. fatenesibeli adj. forft:nata huppynesihat n. counsel, aclvice.nesil n. genelation.nesie adj. credit (on..,), EX: Olar halylary nes¡.febermezmikä? I wonder it tìrcy sell caqrets oucredit?neçder r. scalpcl.neçder n. arrow (&orn abow) stinger (of a bee)neÐe r. narcotics, drugs,neseltentlik m. drug addiction.neçekeç n. drng addict,neçekeçlik n, drtg addiotion.neseli aclj. high (flom drug use), stoncd {from drugr"rse).neçeli acÌi.inagoodmoodneçir u. etlitior. EX; "Sidc by Side," bírinji neçir."Side by S ide," ftrst edition.neçír ediji n. prrblishet, printer.neçir ediji n. plinter, EX: Komputeriñ neçir edijisiiçlenolc. The computcr printer doesn't work.neçiriât n. publishing house.netije ¡r. result,netije n. conçlusion (i.e. of arr essal').v. conclude, clraw a conclusion.nctije çykârmâknetijede rrdv. r:onsequently.net¡jeH adj. effrcient.netijelilik n. elTiciency.netijesiz adj. füile, iueffective, pointless. Re.f: Iit:without resultneflesÍn ¡¿l. What does that have to clo with it? EX:Ol of igini içlemesc, dogany ncjlcsin? If hedoesn't do his homework what does his brotherhave to do rvith it?nä görüä bar? ¡¿. Get a lifel Is there nothing foryou to do?näbclet adj. urfamiliar.näbelli ødl. rurknown.ÛãÇe qmrk. how much, how many. EX: Näçe almabar? How many apples are there?näçelik qmrk. what number what sc

nädejeredein?niidejerede qnrrk. what degree, what amorurt EX:Sìz näderejecle üstünlik gazandyiyz? To whatdegree were yrru successflil?nìidip elmrlc.hotv. (used rvith verbs) in what way EX:Näctìp geldiñ? I-Iow did you corne?nädogty adj. incorrect.n¡igehân ødl. monsù¡'ous (in size). huge large scale(negative connotation)nägÍle arlj, clissatis [red, displeased.displcasure, dissatisfaction.nägilelik r.disagreementnãhak acl¡. unjust.nähili c1mrk. ltow. EX: Nähili fagcla¡ialaryfi? I{owrrre yorr?nähíli r¡iør'lr what kind. EX: Nähili lcinolary gowygörfÉirsifi? What kintl of movies clo you likc?nâhoç rulj. unhealthyn¿ikes adi. maan.Räle.r r¡ór. how much, holl' many (plrral f'orm 1oernphasize rcpetition) EX: Näler alitdym,diilleurcdiñl I'Iow many tinres have I told youand yon don't listenlniletkerde arf'. sorrreone who cleserves to be damnednäletlemek v. put a curse ou.näme qntrh. what l:X; Nãmc bolsa lrolsun. Le't lVhathappens happen.näme üçin qzrk why.nåime-de bolsa conj. novcrthslcss. all the samenämede bolsa bir zat lrl. anything.niimcdir bir zat 7rrrr. whatever.nãmejal adj.werk powcrlessDämährem atlj. evil (of a person)niirnälim adj. indeñnire. unknorvnnämälim çalyçmasy ü. indcfinite pronolln.nâmälírn formasy ø/7. hfinitive form (of a verb).nä rahat arlj. mcomfortablen¿iÊa,zy a¿l¡ contested, unrcsolvetl.nùrazylyk lr. disagreement, discorrl#.närsc r. thing, object (olcl word)näsâg ødi. unhealthy.nåisäg rz. patient, sick person.n¿i$ag bolntak v. ill(to be...).riäsâglamak v. sick (to be...) ill(to be...)niisaglyk ø. ilhess, sickuessn¿is¿u ødj. ont-oÊorder, brokennåiçat adj.tuúappy.nÍitakyk adj. unclear.ntitakyk adj, approximate, vague,nätanyç adj. turfamiliar. unkuownnåitanyç adam n. shanger.näteñet id. how sÍfinge EX: Omñ slpaty lätefiet?FIow strarg€ is his appearance'?näfmek v. Ref:lit: näme etmek to do what?nygtamaknätüfsli qmrk. Ilef: see nÍihilinåiumyt adj. hopeless, despairing.nd,z n. flí1ation, caprice, coquehy. EX: Ol gyzyñmüñ düLli nitzi bu. That girl lras a thousanddiffçrcnt flirtations.n?iz etmek v. flirt.näz nygmat ¡r. mealnäzenin n. ¿ beautiftrl lvomannåizilc a¿lj. clelicatc, kagile.nìizik atlj. gentlenåizirgemek v. flirt.n*zli ad.i. flirlatious, coquetish.nika ¡1. Ref tegistration ofmar-r'iagenikasyz ¿¡dj. cxh'amarital.nil n. barrelniredeEnrlc. where.nirà qnrlt. to I'herc, whcre (to where).nifet n. intention (goocl or evil). EX: Bize gowyarzrrw-ni¡j'etlcr bilen yaçurnaly. Wc shorrld livewith goocl wishcs and intentions.nüfet ctmek u. intentl.nobata elurrnak v. tal

nyrhnyrh n. fee.nyçan n. sigî, symbol, emhlem.nyçan almak v. aim. take aimO-onyzûm ¡2. ordernyz m n. f.ormation (i.e. ffir marching).ornaçdyrmakoazis(r) r- oasi$.oba r, vìllagc.obå aclj. wral.oba hojalyk n. agricuhrre.obadaç n. Ref: people from the same villageobof(r) rz. wallpaper.obraz a. character (i.e. in a book). EX: "$äkärbagçy" çu filmiñ esasy obrazy. "Shr¡kur bagshy"is this f,lm's ¡rain character.objeht(r) lr. objecf.oçerk r. essay (true story about a pelson)oçki(r) r. glasses.oduh-buduk ¡rl. this ancl that, many diftèrentthings, all soÍs ofthingsodun n. firewood. wootlofiser{r) n. officer.ofisiant(r) ¿. waiter.ofis(r) r. of,fìce.oglan n.boy.oglâÉ dogan n. brother (otder brother), olderbrother. Itel' male corrsin (if fathers are brothers)oglân jigi r. brother (younger brother).oglanlyk I,boyhood.ogry r. thief, bandit. robberogçamak 'v. kiss.og$uk n. Ref one or two year old camelOgul n. son.ogurlamak v. steal fstole, stolen].ogurlyk n. theft, robbery.ogurlyk adj. stolen.Oguz afy ¿. June.ojak r. hearth.ok ,?. aro\ry (fiom abow), bullet.ok n. arrow (tlre weapon or the symbol).okamah v. read lread, readl,okamah v. stndy.okàtmâk v. teach [tarrglrt, taught].okean(r) r?. oaean.oklamak v. toss,oklamak v. load (i.e a gun).Oktifaber(r) m. october.okuw n. study.olru\ryçy r. sh¡clent (at school).ok-faf r. bow andarrow.okyjy n. reader.ol pro. she,he, it. thatol tafda adv. therc. ReJ: lit: that placeolaryflpro. their.olaryñky pro. theirs.olimpiada(r) z. olympiad.on ru¡m.tetonda conj. then, EX: Eger siz biz bile ylala¡masaäyzonda siz öz pikiriñizi aj'daf$' If you don't agreewitJt us. then say your own opinion.onlarçâ ¿. dozens. Rel' li* tens EX: Onyä jafyndaonlarça kitap bar. In his room there are clozensofbooks.onsoñ conj. then (i.e. sequencc of events). FX: tlkimen rugsat almaly onsoñ bjlet satyn almaly.First I have to get petmission and theu I have tobrry a ticket.onsuz pro. withont her\him\it.olr!ñ. pro. his (ogian bolsa) her (gyz bolsa) its(ansyz bolsa)onyñky pro. his (oglan bolsa) hers (gyz bolsa) ítsffansyz bolsa)oña pro. Io him, to her, to it.oñalmak v. get better.oñflrmak r. deal.oittt adj. good.oittt ttdv. well.oñatlaçdyrmâk v.improveoñatlaçmak v. improve (i.e. after an illness).oñafly ødy'. cornfortable.oñafsyz adj. inconv enient uncomfortableoñmak v. succeed.oñmak v. live without, make do without. EX: Senoña¡f ! Live without iÉ! oR Maks clo without it!oäuçmak v. get along. EXt Eger dzura we sarnsykoäuçmasa, dana gitnåkür. If a wise rnan and afool don't get along, ths wise man is at fault.operatsiiâ(r) n. operation, il¡rgery.orak r. sicklc.oràzt tutmak v. fast (duringRamadan)Organ(r) n. orgar' (the instrurnent).original(r) adj. novel,original,orrraçdyrmak v. establish EX: fedinji asyrydaMuhammet Pygammer musulman dininjoraaçdyrdy. In the seventh cenhtr¡ Mohammedestablished the rnuslim religion,ofnasdyrmâk v. açply, put into effect. EX: Biz iñlisdìlini öwretnetmekligit1 tLze usurlamy ìiziçirnize omaçd1ar-iatys. In our work we applynew methods of teaching English.ó0 Turkrnen-En glish Dictionary 9n9t2009

orûaçmakörlemekornâSmak y. scttled (to be...). ÐX: Ragçy oñatomagandan soñ dutal çalmagabaçlady. Aftel thesinger was well settled he began to play thedtrtar.ors crrlj. Russian.Orsfet n. Russia.orta n. middle. cçnterorta atmâk u. bling up (i.e. ir a convelsation), EX:$ol rleseläni yene-de orta atrüa! Don't bring upthat issue again Iorta çykmah y. stand ort, distingrrish (distinguishoneself). EX: tuIekdepde orta çyknrak islesiñberk filerneli. If you rvarrt to distitgrrish youlselfat school you have to work hard.ortâçâ adj.aver{.ge.ortalr içlik n Ael micldle verb: Tnrkrnen cquivalcntof a rclative clar¡scofun r. place (i,e. in a competition).OrUn r?. spaÇa.orunbâSâr ri. deputy, assistant,

ökdeöwürmekono's ovrn way ItX: Eger-de sen nan ifj'än ötùn adv. verybolsuñ, ony ödemeli bolæsyñ. If you eat food, ôrgün n. eruption.yon should pay fot it.äkde ad¡. skilted, skitlfirl, capable, wise.ökdelik r. talent. slcillökje ø. heel.öhünç n. remorse, regtet.ökünrnek ¿ imitats.ökünmck u. regret.öri r?. pâsture.örmek v. knil.örmek u lay (i.e. bricks). EX: Kelpiç örmek. lfo laybricks.örmek v. btaicl, plait.örtgir r?. oover. covering.tirtgi: ¡r. tablecloth (stoluñ üstärrde).öküz ru. bull.iirtmek v. cover.öküz r. ox.örtük n, Ref: seetStgíöl ad.j. wet. ösdürmek v. raise (i.e. orops or a child), growölçeg z. measure, criterion. sizçEX'. Halyn tilçcgi båiçmeh. The oarpet's size is 5 mçters, EXI Ynsankalbynyñ ölçegi fok. I{uman lbelings have nomea$ure. EX: *(criteriot)ölçemek v. mça$ura.iildiirmek u. kill, mulder.öli adj. &cad.ölinçii a¿ly. until death.ölmek v. die.fgrew, grown]. EX; Ol çol nrejrdançada bugila5iösdüryär. l-le grows wheat iu that lield, EX: Mençagamy Amerikada ösctürcrin. I will laise mychild in Atnerioa.ösgün adi.Longösrfick u. grow [grew, gtown], develop (of corurtries).ösümlik n. plant.tisüç r, growth, developmcní.öte adu. excessively. exhemelyölüm n. death.ömür r. life, lifetime.year.ömürlik adj. life (for...), lbrever. EX: Ömärlik 6ten aa¡.past,ptevious.Prezidenl. President for life.öndürijilik ir. production.öten adj. last (i,e, last nronth). ËX; Oten fyl. Lastöten zaman ,?. past tsnse.ötgrtr ad¡. sharp (lit. and fig.).öndtirmek v. produce, make (produce), manufacture. ötmek u. pass (i.e. one's life). cross EX: Seniñönüm n. prorluct.durmuçyñ cagasyz ötert Your life will passwithout childrrn!önümsiz adj. unproductíve.önüp-ösmek y. grow up. Ref: be bom and raised ötri con7. therefore (rare)öñ adv. beforc, previously. EX: 1997-inji jyldan ätlinç r. forgiveness.öñ, men çåihelde façadym. Befbre 1997 I lived iitüaç soramak rr apologize.in the city.tiweç n, -Reli two-year-old sheepôftde adv. &ont (irr...), eX: ÖAde drqfan adamlar öwey preJ. step- (i.e, step-brother). EX: Owei kaka.hökman otuimaly! The people standing in frontStep-father. EX: Öwef gyz. Step-daugtrter'need to sit down! EX: Ol jafyñ öñünde otyr. He 'ówez n. compensation leimbursementöwgi ri. praise, complitnent.is siuing in fl'ont of the house.öñden adv. from long ago, for a long tfune EX: ÖRden tiwlat n. saínt,holyperson.gel¡iän problema. A prohlem that has existed for öwrnck v. praise, complirnent,a long time.äwreniçme n. adaptaÊion.öñdengörüjilik n. foresight.äñe qdv. forward. EX: Öñe j,ore! Go forward!öwreniçmek v. adjust (adjust to a situatíon),acsnstomed (to become...).äñki adj. fiormer, previous, ex-. EX: Öñki direktor. öwrenmo x. strrdy, learning.PrevionsdirsctorORBx-director. övyrenmek v. learrr [learned/leamt, learned./learnt].öññin adv-daybefore yesterday.öñråik adv. eailiet. recentlyöñünde adv. Rql': seeöñ.öñÍinde prep.tuonf(in..,o0.tiñúnÌ almak v. prevenlöñtini almak tÈçin ad¡. preventative,öprnek v. kiss.öpüç zr. kiss.öpüçmek v. kiss (kiss one another).ördek z. duck.studyäwretmek v. teach [taught, taught], train (to teach).öwrüliçik ¡r. t¡an$formation. changeöwrülmc a.turn.öwríilmek v. Rf' see öwärmeköwrüm n. turn, bend [bent, bent].öwütfåi n. cemetery, graveyard.öwürmek u, transform into. turn into EX: Hüpekgurçugy kebelege öwrüljär. A silkwormtrarrsfbmrs into a buttelfly. ORA silkworm tumsTurkmen- English D ictionary 9Í29/2009

öwürmekpærnik(r)into a buttcrflY.öwärmek ?. turn (change direction). EX: Olgündogara öwürrji. I{e turned to the south.öwüsgin ir. puff(i.e. ofwind).öwüsmek ¿ blow (i.e. the wind).öwüçgin r,light.öf r. home, house.öf bikesi n. housewife, hostcss,öf efesi (adam) n. host, olvner.öf efesi (afal) r. hostess, owner.öf hafwan r- domestic anirnal, pc't.öfermek ï. many (to mauy off a son).öfkelemek v, offended (to be...).öjlieletnrek v. o'lfencl.öfkeli arij. offendedöfkert r.lungs.öflenen cdj married (saicl about a tnan).öflenmcdik adi. sitgle, umnanied.öf lenmek u. matry (fbr a marr), get marriecl (fbl aman),öflän n. alìeruoou.Ìifsiiz r. homeless.öffmek rr think fithought, thoughtJ. guess lìXr Olgeler ö¡id¡iärin. I tltittk he will come.ôa ,?, o!vn. FX: Meniñ özja¡iynr. My own house.öz boynuna almalc u. take responsibility fbr, t¡rkcrpon oneself EX: Jason gidenclen soitta, mentaslamany öz boylruma aldym. After Jason lelì, IP-ptook the ploject upon rnyself.öz içine almak p. include.äz üstünc almak v. take upon oneselfl.tiz wagtyndâ id. on time, in time EX: Sen özwagtynda kursa gelmeli, You must come to classon time.äztta ad.j. mutral. togetherö.zbaçdak acl7'. inrlepeudentOzbekistan r. Uzbekistan.äzge n. other, anotler.özgeriç n. transfolm¿rtion. changeözgermck u. charrge oneself, changed (to be...) (i.e.a person).özgertme n. refovn. changeözgcrtrnek v. change (someone or sornething else)özi 7rro. hirnselt, hcrself, itselfi oncsclf.özleri,¡rro. themselves.tizleçdÍrmek v, apply, carry out (i.e. a plan). EX; $olplany özleçdireliñ. Let us apply that plan'özleçdirmek n rnastcr.özüm prn. nryselföztímiz 7rro. oursclves.özÍine çekiji aclj, atûactive (i.e, house or olothing).v. aurøct.özäne çekmcl(özüñy pro. yourself.öziiñyzy pro. yoursclves.paç ¡r. Íibute (i.e. tax), tax.pagtâ n. cottot.pahyr ø. wrerch.pajarlamak v. blossom (fig.), prosper. EX:J'iir-kmenistat gtin gänderr pajarlirp ösfät'. Ðayby day Turkmenjstan blossoms and gror.vs.pajygâ n. depression. sadnesspajygâ n.tragedy.pajygnly adi. tragie.paket(r) n. bag þlastic bag).pal n. firrtune tetling.pãlâç ,r. canc.palâç (çeker...) n. cane (sugar...).palak yumurtga n. rotten egg.pâlak ¡iumurtgaid.blacksheop. bacl eggp¿llçykpalas n. Ë:arpet (machine-made Çarpet).palata n. ward. EX: Çaga clogru$an palata.Maternity watd.palata ru. charnber, board (i,e. board of directors).EX; Sowda-senagat palaiasy. 1'he board ofltmdeand industry.PaIçy n. foltune tr:ller'.n. cla¡ tnutl.palta ri. axe.palto(r) n. Çoat.pålp¿rk n. cap, hat.p*ra m. bribe.pâr¿ bermeklik ¡2. bribery.pârûhat adi.peacefiil.parahatçylyk n. peace (opposite of wiu).Parahatçylyk lrorpusy n. Peace Corps.parasatly adi. wise.parça r. seleçtion (i.e. from a text), excelpt.parh n. diffcrence ËX: Maña parhy ¡iok. It malres nodifferencc to me.parhly adi. distinctive. distinguishingparhsyz adi. apathelte indifferent. withou[ difference(similar)park(r) n.park.parlâmâk v. slrine. sparkle EX: Gän al-asmanclaparlafar. Thc sun shincs in the sky,parlamak Ì¿ \rvavc. EX: Baidak parlafar. The flagwaves.parnik(r) n. hothouse, grcenhouse.9n9norJg Tr.nkmen-En glish Dictionary 63

parspaÊS üclj. Persiarr.parta(r) ø. desk.partlam¿tk v. explode.parwâìfsyz adj. Ref: see parhsyzpasolstwo(r) rr. embassy.pasport(r) n. passport.pastâ r?. paste.pasyl r?. seasoú.påta rr. Ref,' religious blessingn. -R¿l'memorial feast fbr the deadP^tapatrak n. popcom.patyrsâ n. .l?ef,'padisha: oriental term for a kingpaÍ n. sbare, portion.paidar n. shareholder.pâfh¿ts zr. intcllect.paf hasly adj. wtsepa¡ilamak v. clistribute, deliver (i.c. thc mail),

pil [pilfproblem Olt I am contemplating a largeptoblem.n. elephant.ø. shovel, spade.pil [pillpil [pi:llpÍle ¡?. cocoon.pirim ir. scheme, plot.pirim z. methocl.pis aclj. rrasty. badpisse rr. pistachio,piçc r. hobby. habitpise n. work, jobpiçik n. cat.piti n. por.pitne r. rcbellion, mutirry.piwo(r) ¡r. beer.plan(r) r. plun.plastik(r) r. plastic.plastm¿rss¿t(r) rz. plastic.plag(r) n. raincoat.platforma(r) r. platfoun.plita n. stove (kitchen.stove).plug(r) r. plow.plf aÜ:(r) n.bç¡ch.plfonka(r) ø. Êlm (photographic frhn).poçerk(r) r. handwriting,poçtaçy ,?. po$tmau.poçtâ(t) ri. post offtce,poçta(r) odj. poslal.poçta(r) n. mail.poezd(r) n. rrain (railroad trairr).polat r. steel.poliklinika(r) r. clinic.potisifa(r) n. potiae.polka adj. fat(slang) overweightpolka(r) ¡r. shelfpolotense(r) rr. towel.pomidor(Ð r. tomato.pommah n. Ref velvet material fbr dressesporoçok(r) rr. powclel.porsâmâk v. stink rot decomposeporsatmal( v. stiilk flstank/shrnk, stunkl.pors¿tmÐk v. fafi.porsy ø1. stinky.portfel r. briefçase.pOS r. rust,posa r. kiss.poslamä rr. rust.posobifc(r) n. aid (aid supplies), assistance (i.e.donafion ofsupplies).posytkå(r) n.package.potolok(r) n. ceiling.potrâtçy n. hircd laborer.powest(r) r. stoty (narrative), tale.PYÍadap0zgUç rr. eraser, rnbber (eraser).pozmâk u. erase.pökgi r, ball.prâwo(r) n license.premi¡it(r) r- bonus, rer,vaLd, prize (r'ewald).prezidcnt(r) n. president.problemâ(r) n. problem.professor(r) r. professor.progr¿mma(r) r. program.progrâmma(r) n. television channel.prokat(r) r. renfal.propiskâ(r) r. R¿f,' resic{ency registrationprosent(r) n.pc;rçelnt.proSeS(r) ¡?. proccss.prospcct(r) n. Avenne.prostyn(r) r. shcet (i.e, on a bed).prowod(r) n. pipcline, watcr tnain.profekt(r) r. proiect.psihologi¡ia(r) n. psychology.puç ¡r. withoilt result EXI Senift eclen içlcriù pttç. Thethings you did wete without result.puç bûlmak v. tutile (to be...).pud¿lk ¡2. blanch. FÌX: Agaç pudagy. 'frcc brancìr.pudak n. sector, branch (branch of au organization).RX: 'l'urizm puclagy. Toutisrt sector.prrkaralyh n. poveúypul ¡?. money, cilrreilcy.pu¡s{r} n. pulse.pursat ¡r. moment. time EX: So[ pursatda, l]engiripdi. At that moment, Re¡l euteted.pürs rz.1og.pyçak n. kuifb.pygambsr û, prophet.pylan id. strch, and such EX: Men gotlo-iaryn sebiibimer oña pylan zat a¡ftsam gaty gönnägimümkin. I am scared because if I say such andsuch a thing he may be offencled.pyntyk n. bl

adio(r)saçy syrylanradío(r) r. radio.rahat n. comfortable. calm quietrahntsyzlandyrmak u.

sadasada ad¡. simple, rtnconplicateclsrú^ ddj. sirnple (saicl of a person), naive.sadaka n. religious sacrifics.sadalyk n. simplicity.sfldap ¡i. brÉton.sa(lranç ¡r. chess.sadyk n,loyal,honestsag adj. nght(opposite ofleft).sag adj.healthy.sag bol inÍj Thanl

sarpaSâfpâ n. respect, houorsÐrsdyrmÐk y. shake (lit. ancl fig.). EX; Orryñejesiniñ ölümi ony gaty sarsdyrdy. The death ofhis mother really shook hi¡n. EX: Men onyñeginlerini tntyp sarsdyrdym. I grabbed hisshoulders and shook him.Sârsgyn n. shoclc.sarsmaz aøf. inclestructablc, unshakezrble,SÐr! ttdj.yellow.í'ùr! adv. tov/ard. in the direction ofl EX: Adamal¿rgeçip gitdiler. Olar- gúnbatar s¿ìry bar¡iarilyliu.The people passed us. They were going West.safymsak r. garlic.satlyk n. merchandise.såtmak v. selt [sold, sold].satmal( (birini satmak) v. betray,satuw ir. sale.satyjy re. seller, clerk.satyn ahnak v. buy fbought, boughl].sa¡ia r. shade, shadow.sâiâwân rr. umbrella.safgarmak u. distinguish, te,ll apart.saflamak y. choose lchose. chosenl, piclc (choose).saflanmak r. chosen (to be...), picked (to be...).saflap alyç n, selection, ohoice.saflaw n. choiceo pteferenoe.saÍlaw (syfasy sÐil¿tw) r. election.sail4wçy r¡. \¿oter.Saymak ¿ consider, LìX; Meniñ îürkmen maggalamrneni óz ogly salffar'. My Tur'kmen familycottsiders me their son.Saymak v, beat (i.c. with a whþ) [beat,beaten], flog.$airamak r.,. sing (said of bilds).sùz n. music.saz ad7'- harmonious.saz guraly n. musical inslmment.sazandar ¡r. musician.sazlamak v. regrilate.s¿Ìzlagyk r. harmony.sebäbi cory'. because.s€bäp n. reason, eause.sebäpli adi. reasonahle. with reasonsebäpli ¡ros. therefore. f.or this reason EX: Mendfiçünmänligim sebåibli men jogap bermedim. Ididn't understand; therefore, I didn't answer.s€bit r¡. region, area (region).stç€k r. fiinge (i.e. on clothes).SeÇSi r. ,Relr sechgi; candy and small gifrs scatteredaround the bricle at Tw'kmen weddings.Seçmek u scatter.Seçmek ¿ choose [ohose, chosen],.select.segsen rum. eighty,scld n. porch.sehiz rlrø. eight.seretmeksekretar(r) r, secretary.seltunt(r) n. second (leng{r oftirne).selçeñ adt. Ref: see selrelcseleñ adj. atry, hreezy. pleasantseljeriç rr. arralysis.seljermßlr v. distinguish, discern. EX: ol akyllysebäbi ol agy-grrany seljerjär. She is smartbec¿tnsc she can distinpish between black andwhite (she knows what's what).seljermek v. analyze. EX: Biz bu içi seliermeli. lVemust aualyze this problem.selle ,?. ûLrban.sem bol! izl. shutup!sem bolmak v. pause. hesitate, stop speakingsem€nt(r) r. cement.semínar(r) r. scminar.senriz adj. fat,overwcight.scmizlik r. obesiåy.Sernremek r,'. gain we,iglrt.sen pl?. you (infilnnal singular).SenS ,?. prayerSenâgat rr. industl.y.Sene r?. d¿ìts,sen€t r?. trade (cra-B), claft.sen€tçi n. craftsmann þaditional craflsman.seniñ ,¡rru. your.seniñk¡ p,?. yours.Sentifaber(r) r. Septer.nber.senzura(r) r. censorship.señse acl¡ stunrrcd.señs€lemek v. faint, pass olrt.$ep /r. seam (where two objcots meet), joini (whei'ctwo objects meet).sep n. chain.Sep r. dowry.sepelemel( u. sprinkle.SGpg¡t ¡r. botder (between seâsons, between Çarpets,eto. Not betwcon countrics)sepmek v. scatter (i.e. seeds), spray.sepmck v. shatter.Ser n.hcadser ¡2. desire wishser salmal( u. look around.ser urmak ì,. reach, arrive at. EX: Bu façulysegsene ser urdy. This okl man has reached theage o180.Serayy afr. scandalons (about a person)Serç€ r?. spaflow.serdâr n. leader.Sêr0 ¡e. Ref: lhe span of a person's fingersSêI0 ¡¡. the bestsefesâp adj. carcfu|, cautious.seresap bol! rny be carefitl!seretmel( y. lvatch. EX: Mcn televiz,ora sered¡iärin. I68 Turkmen-Euglish Dictionary 9f29t2{)09

ser€tmekwatch TV.seretmek ¿ look after. EX: llaçan-da meniñ atamenemiçde bolanda, rnen gyz jigime seredyätin.When my palents are at work I look after mylittle sister'.sergi r. exhibition (i.e. art exhibition).sergin adj. cooLsergin ad¡. aby,bteez.y. pleasantserhet ¡¡. border (borcler betweetr countries).s€rhoç rrd7. drnnk.seriçde r?. ilreans. EX: Marydan Açgabada galnalannäçe därli ulag seriçdeleri bar'l ÈIow manymcans of transporfation Êom Mary to Á.shgabatale tl'relc? F,X: Menifi iki sany gazanç ecl¡iänseriçclåirn bar: melcdepdäki a¡fl-vgym we hususysapaklarym, I havc tïvo meafls of makingmoroy: try salaly fronr school and plivatelessons.ser¡çde r¡. sulrstance.EX; Narfteitik seriçclcler.Nalcotic substances.scrkcrde n. conrmander (rrril itary cotnrnander).sermetr( v. leave out to dryssrmelemel{ u searclr, rifle through. IJX; Jer:en hatytap.jak botup $ruîkasyny sermeledi. Jelensc'arched in her bag to tincl thc lçtter.serpikmek v. retre.lt.scrpmek v. lìing open fflung, flungl, throw open,serpmck u. splash(i.e. water).sersag adj. sober.SeS n. Yorce.ses iz. sound, volurne (sound), noìse.ses r. votc. EXI On ally ¡l'açarr hel bir adamsaj'lowda ses bcrip bi$är. Every person who hasùrrned sìxteen may cast a vote.ses bermek v. vote.scs bermek r,. increase (i.e. vohrme).s€slenme n. opinion.sgslenme n. judgemenl.sßslenmek v. coûment, respond.setin r. satin.setÍr r. line (of a poem etc.). EX: Ol Magtyrnsulynyiigoçgyslndan úç seti'okap a¡ftdy, She read aloudtluee lines from a Magtyngulypoem.setir n. row, EX: I{asdaky paÉalar üç setir gofulan.The desks in the class wele put in three rows.sefil n. stroll excursionseyis ø. horse trainer.se¡f ish*na r. stable (i.e. for horses).sefreh arfu. seldom, rarely.sähel r. small amount, minor mattersäher r. sunrise.säwlik r. mistakesâiwlik n. unintentional act.sÊiwlik bilen adv. by ohance, by acoident, by nristakesoñynelasignal(r) n. signal.sil Í. torrent. morurtain stream floodsílkmek r'. shake [shook, .shaken]. EX: Gyz halynysitkrli. The gir{ shook out the carpet.sim ir. wirc.simâp ,r. rnercury (the element).siñdirmek u. absorb, cligest.siñek n, tly.siñmek v. absorbed (to be...).siñmek v. digested (to be...).sirli(r) r. circns.sistema(r) ir. systertt.sitata(r) n. quotation, ùitatio¡r.sitirlernek u. quote, citc.sijrnek v. urinate.siz pr0. you (fblrnal or plural).siziä pro. your.siziñçe irf. as you say, accordirg to yoru opinion EX:Siziäçc biz çu giirr iglemelimi? Aocotdiug toyour opinion should r,ve work today?siziäki ¡rlo. yours.skovoroda(r) n. fiying pan. skillet.smena(r) n. shitl (i.c, night shift). liX: Gijeki smena.Nigtrt shilì.SOgân r?. olilou.sogap n. good deed, clccrl (good...).Sogapgün rr. Thursclay.sogurmâk rr pull out EX: Ðiç sogtumak. To pull outa tooTh.sojamak v. sob.sokmak v. insert.sok(r) n. juice.sokur aclj.blilnd.sol adj.lefr. EX: Sçrl tatapynda. On the left side.solmak v. fade. [rX; Mata gùnde galsa, onyñ renkisol¡iaL. If material stays in the sun, its colorfades.solmak v. wilt. lrXl Sttw ¡iok bolsa, ösür¡liklarsol¡Í'arlar. If there is no water. plants wilt.soltan n. sultan.somfilmak v. stick ont, Protntde.soñ prep. aftet. EX: Sen mekdepden soñ nämeiçlejelr? What will you do alìer school?soñky adv. mosl reçeût, last (most recent). EX: Merrseniñ bilen sonþ gezek haçan cluçuçdym? Whendid I last meet wilh you? OR trVhen did I meetwith you rnost recentlY.soñra conj. later, after. EX: lläzir däI, biz soñrabararys. Not now, we'|1 go later.sûñrak conj VLef: see st¡ñra.soñy ¡r. cnd. EX: $u filmìñ soñy glzykly. The end ofthe film is interesting.soñyna çykmâku. bring at end to.soñynda arÍ¿ at thc etd.9/2912009 Turkrnen-.Ënglish Dictionaty 69

sorâgsorag r. questiori.Sorâfirâk v. ask.soramâk u. rule (i.e. a king).sofmak u. suck.sormak r. vacuum.sort(r) n. sort, quality.Sosna n. pire tree.sotowoi felefbn(r) ø. ocllphone.sowâ ¿r1r;. by (i.e. to walk by), past (i.e. to walk past),through. EX: Men her gün et rlükanlndau sowageçfärin. I walk past the butcher evcry day.soìrya ge{üfek v. ovcrlook (not notice), miss (notuotice), notice (not..,).sowadyjy n. re,frigerator.sowal r. questionSOwAlgt n. pooket money.sowâlnama r. questionnairr, applioation.sOwfimÐk rr cold (feel...).SOwât n.litercay.sowafly ørf. literatr'.sowatly adj.i.rfanedsowgat a. gift, sotlenir.Sowmâk v. spcncl fspent. spent].solvmÉtk u. redirect, diverf.soìvuk ad.i. colcl.sowukga nlylyk n. composrrre.sowuldâmek v. cold (catclr...), catch cold.soìryulmak p. spent (tobe,..).sowulm*k y. pass (i.e. an illness). ÐX: Ouyt keselisowulcly. His illness passecl.sowulmâk v. turn around.solvulmall v. drop by, r'isitSo¡ilulmâk v. step aside.soimak y. butcher. EX: Gofrn sofmak. To butchera shccp.soimàk ¿ skin.söbük n. heel achilles tenclonsögmeh Ï. swear (to curse) [swt'rre, swom], culse (toswear).sögüilç ¡t. swear word.sögüçmek v. argue,söhbct n. conversationsöhhctderslik r. discussion.sökmek u- dìsmantle, take aparT.sömelmek v.,Rf' see somalmalcsöndtirmek v. extinguish. EX: iangynysönrlürmek. To extinguish a fir:e.sönmek u. out (go..,) (i.e. a frre or a light), go out {afire or a light).söwda n. û'ade (commercc), commerce.-- adj. commercial.söwdagär n. businessman. merchant.söwdalnçmak y. business (to do...), bargain, trade.sö\ryeç ø. baftle.suwa düçmeksöfeg r. suppofi (braoe),brace.söfemek u. support (physically).sö¡igi r. love.söf güfi adj. boyfriend, gìrlfi end, belovecl,söfmek u. love.stiz ¡2. word.söz n. saying, expressionsäz bermek 1'. plomisc, givc oue's woldsäz toparlaff r. part ot speech (i.e. noun, verb).sözbaçy r. prefàce, ¡nlroduction.sözlem ,?. sentenoe.sözlük r. dictíonary.sözme söz ter.jime n. lil.eral translation, word-forwordtruuslation.sözme-s(iz i¿l. worcl ibr worclsözünde durmak u word (kcep onc's...).sözüni bölmek v. intermpt.spiçki(r) ¡r. match (i.e. for lighting a ßre).spid cråôr. AIDS.$port(r) i?. spùÉ.spot'tsmen(r) n. athlete.sprfiwka(r) iz. license ccrtiftcatestahan(r) n. glass.stanok ¡r. loonr.stipendiya(r) n. stþend.stol(r) r¡. table.student(r) ¡¡. student.subut ie. proolìsubut etmek v. prove.subutnamg ¡¡. eviclense.sud(r) rr. court(cotrtof law).sudur ¡r. sha

suwagbath.Su\iläg n. plaster.Sulvamâk v. plastet.su\ryar¿ù arl¡. lluent.suwarlnak v.'!Yater,suwsâmâk r,, thirsty(to be...).sutvsuzluk n. dehyclration.suwsyz aQj. arid.suwuk adj.liquicl.suwuklyl( ø. liquicl.suwuny afyrmalc v. dcliydrated (to bc...),síihhclcnmek u. dor¡bt.sübse r. broom.sülçi r. detectivc.süle r. oats. oatmeal.sülgíin rr. pheasanl.sülük r.lesch.sümgürmeh v. blow oüe's rose.sürnüIc ,r?. snot.särtnet r. circumoisio*.síiirk n. bone.síifildeçme m. r'igidity, stifûress.säñ(ñi) n. body,siiptirmek v. sweep [srvept, swepl].süpiirrneh v. wipc.sürçek arl7. stippeLy.särme rr, mascara.särmck u. driye,särtülme r. friction.sürüjí ¡r. driver.süsmeh v. butt.sütük ¡r. flu. downsütün n. colnmn, pillar'.siïytlemdirijí r. mammal.süyem barmalc r, inclex finger,stifji adj. sweet.sllji adj. tast¡ delicious.sü¡ijí r. candy.süfnmek v. stretch (i.e. muscles, nrbberbands),süfremek v. drag. EX; Oglan lceç sygyry öjresüliredi. ll'he boy draggecl the sfubborn cowhorne.súifreniji n. reptile.säfrenmek r,. drag oneselfsüfçrne n. shift (movement).síifçmek y. ürove (i.e. move over). ËX: gol feresüjçsene! Plcase movc over there!süfçtircntgi n. savings. EX: Süfgärentgiler banlc.Savings bank.süyçùrmek y. move (i.e. objects).süyt n. rnilk.süft renk adj.beige.süfüm ¡ø. Eber. EX: Inçe süyüli pagta. Thin fiberedcotton,sypdynnaksüzgüç rr. filter, strainer.süzme ru. filfation.säzme n. Ref: stzme: straiuetl fermeuted milkstizmek rr filter, sluin (lilfer).SyçAn /¡. mou$o.syçangulal( /r. Iorget+ne-not (ttre flower). Re/rlit:mouse's earSyçAnlflr ¡r, miçc.sygan(r) r, gypsy.sygmak v. fìt [fit/fitted, ft/filtedl. EX: Onyñ heimneegiu-esiklerÍ strmkasyna sygyar, All his clotheslit it his bag.Sygym r. capacltysygyr ,?. çew,syËyr cti ¡r. ireef.sygyrmal( u whistle.sygy$tnåk r'. fri together.$yknr¿rk rr. wring oulsykylyk ra. wliistling.sylÐg n. reward, pilze (rewald).sylag u¡. respect honorsylaglarnah r'. rewald, alaLd.sylaglänmak r'. awal'clecl (to bc...), rcwardecl (iobe.-)-sylarnak ?- rcspect.syn r. obseryatiou.Syn ¡?. slllvey.s)¡n etmek r,. observe.Syna ,?. cbesl.Synag r?. exam,t test.synag n. expetitnent.synamal< ¿ test. ÐX: Men scniü bilimiñi spaiyn.Lcf me test yoru knowtedge.synany$mtfk v. tr,*r, altempt.synanyçyk r?. attempt, hy.synçgylâwuk n. hiccrLp.synçy ør!. observatt.synçy m. observer. EX: Ðaçaryyurfþ syfasy synçy.Foreign political observer,syndyrmâk v. destroysyndyrmak v. tum ofl.synlamâk r'. watch.synp /,. grade (year in school), form (year in school).synp n. class, lesson. IiX: $ol syrp gyzylclydy. T'hatclass was inttresting.synp ,?. class (social class). EX: Iglefän synp.ÌVolking class.synp ofrìgy r. classroom.syñrak ¿. hooflsypalamåk v. pet, caress.SypAt n. appearance.sypât zr. adjective.sypaÍy adj, eleganL formal politesypdyrmak v. drop, let go f let go, let gol.9t29t2009Turkmen-English Ðic tionary

$ypdyrmakÞepbeçmeksypdyrmak v. let slip (i.e. words).sypjyk adj. slippery (fig.), sly, cunning.Sypmak y. esçape.sypyrmak v. skin, Peel.sypyrmak v. take r:ff (i.e. clothes). EX: Menköfnegimi sypyrdym. I took offmy shirt.syf fi. secret.syr saklâmâh y. sccret (keep a...), kocp a sccret.syfât n. looks (appearance), appearance.syratly adj. goodlooking.Syrça ¡r. enamçl.syrdåS r. conÊdant.syrkaw n. palient, sick pet'son.syrkaw ørl¡. sick, illsyfly adj. secret, mysterious.Syrmâ ø. zipper.Syrmâk p. shave.Syfmâk v. wipe. sweep fswePt, sweptSa ¡r. sirahçabyrdamakv. rain heavily, fo poulçadyfan ød7. happy, joyful.Sagalâñ ¡r. feast.çaglawuk n. waterfall.çah [çah] r. horn, antler.çah [ça:h] n. shah.çaha n. branch (tree branch).\saha ¡?. section.çahad¡|tnama r¡. cerlific*te, Iicense.arl¡ branching.çahalanfan,sahs r. personality. pei'soü EX: William Shakespealemeçhur çahs. William Shalcespeare is a wcllknown person.çahsy arlj. personal.çahsy ktgyz rz. iclentificatior card.çahsyiet r. personality. EXr $ahsyfet kulty. Cult ofpersonality EX : Türkmen edebif atynda meçl'rurçahsyietler köp. There ale many well knownpersonalities in'l'urkmetr litcraturc.,¡. poet.çahyrçahyrlyk r. poetry.çaþrdy a. çraçh.çâlgâm z. ftrrnip.çnlpyldamakçaly ¿. ricev. splash.çâmçyrag r.lamp.Ðâmpun(r) r. shampoo.$¿ln z. glory.çapakat sur:rise and sunsetçar gara adj. jet-black, pitch-black.n. Ref: tern'tused to descril¡e the sky colorationS-çsyrmâk v. dlaw (i.e. a knifè).syr(r) ¡r. cheese.Syft r. trutt.sf,rt r. rear, back side.Syryk z. pole.syÍâhat r. trip,.ioumey, tonr.syiahat ¡?. tlavel.syfahåt etmek u. tmvel, take a trip.syfahatçy n. rrleler.syfahatçylyk r. tourisrn.syiäsat n. policy.syiasâtçy ir. politician.syi4sy cøf. political.syzlamak r,- hurt [htu:t, [rurt], ache.syzm¿rk u. ièel [felt, felt]. EX: lVlen seniñ getjegiñisyzclym. I felt that yon would coure,syzmâk v. tricklc, leakçarf(r) r. scarl. headscarfçarlryldatmak rr bang, slam, mttle.Sârpyk çalmak v. slap,SÈr(r) n. sphere.$ar(r) ¡2. balloon,rsaçka rr. checkers (the garne).$åtlanmâk u. happy (to be...).çatlyk tt. jo¡ lappiness.çaflyksyz adj. joyless.$ay n. part (i.e. spare part). EX: Ätij'açlyk çajlary.Spare parts.Saiat n. witness.çafatlyk ¡r. evidence.çæfatnama n. eviclence, testimony.çayol n. avonue. major roadSaf-sep n.jewelery.ça¡iy n. coin.$âiy ,?. Rel' Shia (division of the lslamic religion)z. martyr.çehitçehit bolmah r. martyred (to bc...).çeiere ir. genealogy, family tree,çekn. suspicion. dorbt$eker n. sugar.Çeker palaç n. sugarcanc.n. shape.çekilçern n. candle.çemal r. bleeze,wincl.çemdän r. candle holder.çepagat n. me[cy. compassionçepagat uiasy ¡,l. rruse (f'emale nruse).çepbesik adi. sticky.çepbeçm€k v. sticl< to, stnck (to beoorne...).'t2 Turlcmen-Enslish D ictionarv 9/29n{J09

çepetabynçspe r?. buddy.çerap n. wine.çerebe adj. Ref: mixture of s¿lt and water for cookingçert ¡r. conditio¡r, obligation. EX: Durmuç çetler.I..iving conditions. EX: Sen gitmeziñden öñ, iiççerti yerine fetirmeli. Belbre you leave you milstfulhll three concl itions.çel.tnåma r. agrrement (writtcr,,.), contract, treaty.çertsiz acl7'. Lurconditional.çe rtsiz arlj. unquali.Eed.¡etdalyir- peach.çCylc zrdu. so, like this.çeyle adj, such. this [

tagamtagam n. h$te, flavor.tagamly ad.j.tasty.taglymat n. doctrine.tagma n.brand(i.e. on livestock).tagt r. throne.tagtz n. board, EX: Käçt tagtasy. Chess board.tagtn n. trlackboard,tahfa r. skullcap,takdyr ir. fate, destiny.talrmyn adj, aboú,approxirnatelytakmynan acli. about,approxirnatelytaksi(r) rr, taxi.talryk adj. exact,precise.takyhlyh ;n- cxactness, prccision.talak n. Al' given to a woman by a man clivorcetalai-r r. robberytalañçy r. robbcr, thief, bandit.talap n. deurand, reclrrirement.talap bofurtÇÐ, aclv. demalcl (on,..). as requiredtalap etmek u. demand, r'equire.talyp n. university student. sûrdenl (at an instifute orurivetsity).tam r¡. housetamâ n. hope, desire (wish). wishtama etmelc v. hope.tamam bolmak v. completed (to be...).tarnamlamak v. complete, linish, graduate. ËX: Oltaslamany tamamlady. He firìished the project.tamdyr n. Rcf: ttaditional 'l-ur:kmet clay oven oventamdyra n. Re.f: drrtar': two-stringed traditionalturkmen inslrurnenttanamak v. know (someone), recognize (someone).tanap n. rope.tanatmak r;. introcluce. EX: Meni ditektoryñyzatanatsana. Please ir:troclcce ne to your director.tanatmak u. distinguish (distinguish oneself). EX:Yazyly özüniñ ikinji romany bilen özüñitanaùdy. l'hç writer distingrished hirnself withhis second novel.tanhyt ¡¡. criticisrr. EX: Özün barada tankyt eçitmek¿;g7tr. It is difïìcult to listen to criticism aboutoneselftankytçy ¿. critic.tans n. dance.tans stmek v. dance.tanymal arf. famous, well lcnown.tanyç r. acquaintatce. EX: Ol meuiñ tanyçyn. Hc ismy acquarntance.tÐnyç adj.familiar.tanyç-biliçlih n. crorryism, nepotism.tanyçlyk n. acquaintance,tanyçmak y. meet (i,e. rneet someone), acquainted(to become...). make someone's acquaintanceEX: Men siz.c tanyçdym or¿in çat, I am pleased totaryha çenlimcct you OR I a¡n pleasecl to make youracouaintance.tañha n. pot (iron pot).taññyr r. tub, washtnb, bathtub.Tañry n. Allah, God.ir1j. Thank yotr!Tañry falkasyn!tap ru. conclition , moodtap n. strengthtapalvut n. difFerence. EX: lkirniziñ aramyzdakytapawut çu: men Bany, sen faç. Tlre difïerencebe.tweeu us is this; I am old, you are yourtg.tapawutlamâk ídl. dift'er.tapawutly adj. ditrlerenltapawutly fok irl. mattet (it cloesn't...). Rel' lit:withorf differencetapawutly fok (maña...) Íd. care (I dor't...). itdoesn't mattef to n]etapba odv. srrdclenlytapçan ia. porclr. IleJ: A sofi of portable elevateclporch.tapgyr n. bafch, groLrp EX: Men mekdspde irclenkitapgyrda oka¡iaryn. At school I stttcly in themonring group.tapmaça r. riddle, pvzzle.tapntah v. furd [found, fbund].tapylgysyz adj. ilreplaoeable.tapyndy n. discovery, find [founc1, fr:undl.tar r. stling. EX: Ðutaryä tary. Dutar string.taraçy ¡i. ïvaaver.tarap n. direction. HX: Aclamlar hemrue tarapclangelcliler. People came from every dilection.tarap n. toward. LiX; OI çähcr tarapa gidip barjrar.t{e is going toward the city.tarap n. side (i.e. of an atgument). EX:Meriñ jigimjedcklc hemiçe meniñ tarapymda durfar. Myliftle b¡other is always on my si

taryhçytaryhçy r. historian.taryhy arij historical.tÐryp n. praise.târyp etmek u. praisetaryplama n. praisetaryplamak u, praisetas adv. almost, nealy.taslama r. pr:oject.taslama n. drafl.taslamak v. design, cl'afl, sketch, outline.tassyhlamak v. ratifr (i.c. a trcaty).tassyhlamak r,. conñrm, verify. EX: JerenMak.sadyñ ¡ir1i'abamasyny tassyklady. Jere;rconfi mecl M¿Lksat's testiniony.tassyklamak u. approvo, srrpport. EX: Müdirlaslanrany tassyklady. 'l'lre director approved thedraft.tassyklanmak v. ratiÊed (to be...). EXr Wadalaçyktassyklandy. The treaty rvas ra¿ifi e¡1.tassyklanmak r, approved (to be...).tassykn*ma n. contirrnation.taçlaruak l'. tluow fthrew, throlvn].taçlanrak v. quit fquit, qrritl.taçlrrma|< r. abarrdon.taf [\lx tajl n. ti:al.taÍ lta:fl n. peertaÍ lta:Íl n. pait. member of a pairtaÍ lta:il n. place. direction EX: $ol taydan. Fromthat place OR [¡rom that clirection.tafak ¡r. sticlr.tafga aolj. slippery, slìck,taymak u. slip, slide fslid, slidì.taf pa r. tribe. Ref: larga than a "tire"to ffara dj. teady,prepared.tayfarlama rr. pleparation.taffarlamak v. prepare.taffarlyk n. rehearsal. EXr Teatr tay¡farlyk.Theater rehearsal.taffarlyk n. preparation, readiness.tafyn adj.teadytafynlamak v. prepare.tazy n.hou¡rd.te*tr(r) r. theater.tebigat ¡¡. natule.febigy adj.narutal.tebigy baflyk ¡2. natural resoilrçe.tebÍgy bela n. natural disaster'.tebigy g z l1,naturalgas.tebip n. traditional healertegelek adi. rouncl.tegelek ¡¡. circle.tehnika(r) r. technology.tehníka(r) ia. machinery, equipment.tejribe n. experimeut. EX; Lukmançylyk tejribcsi,Medical cxperirnent.tejribe n. experience, practice.tejribe efmsk r, experience, practice.tejribeli n. experienced,tej ribesiz adj. inexpelienced.teke r. Ref: oreof the Turkmen tribcsteke ¡i. i?ef billy goat (a male goat)tekeplrir adj. harghty, anoganl, conceited.tekepbirlik 7?. arrogarce, conrleit.tekge n. slrpporttekiz adj. smooth- tlattekizlemek u flatten, srnooth out.tekizlik n. plane (i.e. geometrical plaue).tekje r. shcJftcklip n. suggestion, proposal.fehlip fetrneku. propose. suggest.terstekst(r) n. text.telbe adi. insarre craz¡ amnesiavictimtelbelik r. insanitytelelbn(r) r. telephore. phone.tcie gr*mm a{r) n. telegrarn.telek ad.¡. lvlorrg trtistal

tersters adv. wang falsefersine ødv. against, opposed to. Ref see garçytersine conj. cont,rast (in...), opposed (as...to), on flreother hand. EX: Aman .Iuma erbet diiiär,tersine Durdy Juma gowy diyy¿ir. Aman saysJuma is bad, on the other hancl Duttly says Jumais goo

tomat(r)tomat(r) r?, tomato paste.tomus r?. sufirmer.tonna(r) n. ton (rcetric ton). Ref 1000 kgtop ¡r. batl.top ¡r. grouptop r. artillery.topâr n. grorìp.topar n. band (i.e. musical).toplama r. collection.toplamak v. gather (to pile), pile.toplunr ¡?. grouptoplurn r. collectíou (i.e. of clocuments), set (i.e. ofdocnnrents).toprak n. earth, soil.topralr n. land (soil), country.topuk ¡r. an[

tutmakugur âlmâk'I'op tuturak. To catch a ball.tutmak u. an'esl. EX: Ogryny hrtmalc. To anest athiefltutmak v. comprise. make up EX: ier garynyñ köpbolegini suw tu¡iar. Many bodies oflwater makeup the earth OR Manyboilies of water cotnprisethe Earth OR The Earl.h is comprised of manybodies of watcr.tutmak v. maintain, keep [kept, kept]. EX: Senrneniñ göwnümclen hemiçelik lier hrtarsyfr. Your,vill keep an eternal place in my heart.tutuk atÍj. overcast, cloudy.tutuk nrl1. gloomy, ruelancholy.tutuç arl¡ entirc. EXI Tuhrg çähere aflandym, Iwandered alouncl the entire city.tuty r, çrrfain.tuweleme inrj. Ref: see räweleruetûlrcnmek u. ilse up, run out otìtiikenmeh v. completetüm cdj. clin,tÍimlük n. da¡lmess.tfipeñ z, rifle.türgen r¡. skilled (of an athlete), ff¿rined (of anarhlete).türgen n. athlete.türgenleçik r.trainiug.tíirgenleçik r. rvorkout.fürkçe ri. Tulfish langunge,türki diller r¿. 'fur'kic languages.Türkie z. Tur-key (the country).Türkmenbaüy aiy n. .Ianuary.U-utürkmençe z. lfwkmen (the langrrage).türmc r. prison, jail.türmeçi r..iailor.türmä basmak u imprison.tüsse ¡r. smoke.tüsse çykaryflñri. chirurey.tüssä kakadylan doñuz eti rr. ham.täwelerne intj. lìeJ': protection word fion the EvilEye followed by the soun

ugurdâsugurdas udj.paralcll.ugurdâç adj, movìngin llre sarne clirectionugurtrpyjy n. rçsoruseñrl persor.ttk n. Ref uk: yurt poleukladyjy seri$de n. sedative.uklamak u slee,p fslept, sle¡rt].nkol(r) r¡. iniection.ukusyzlyk ¡i. insomnia.uky n. sleep.ttkyp rr. ability, capability.ukyplylyk n. ability, capability.ulag n. transpoúatior.ulag rz, pack animal, treast of [rur

uzaklaçdyrmaküstün çykmakuzsklflsdyrmak v. prolong.uz*kly gün adv. alltlay.uzâklyk r. clistance.uzaklyk r. cluration.uzaklyk r. longiftrde.uzâldyç r. exrçnsion.uzalmak v. extencl, lengthen, long (to be...). EX:Spoú bilen herniçe meçgullansañ ömräñ uzal¡iar.If you always occtlpy yourself wifh sporLs, youtlifc will be longuzaltm¿rk t exleüd. EX: Güntiiii uzaltmah. 'l ocxtçud a conversation.ü-tuzamak v. extçnd to (to reach), stretch to (to fcach).EX: iotda çähere lzalar. The pafltextends\stretches to the city OR The pathreaches the city.uzatmak r¿ hand, EX: Ol maña pyçagy uzatcly. Hchanded me the loife.uzatmfik v. extend, stretch out. EX: A¡iaklarynyruzatmak. il'o stretch out one's legs,nzyn adi.lottg.uzyn boyly adj. taf|.uzynlyk n. length.übtük iz. firrflìÍlç ¡tun. lhrc;e.Íiçafak r. tripod.üçburçlyk r. ùiangle.üçern n. triplets.äçin prep. ft¡r, because of. EX: Men mylunanlar Éiçìnnahar biçinneli. I should cook lbod br theguests.üçin 7ro,r to, order (in...to). EX: Men seniñ bilengepleçmek ùçin geküm. I came in order to talkto you OR I came to tallr to you.fiflemek v. blow [blew, blown].ülemek v. share, divide.ülje n. chcny.ülke n. region, area (region).tilñi ¿. pattem (i.e. for sewing), template. EX:Tihneküçin ülñi. Sewing patteur.ülpüldemek v. sparkleüIüç r. fate, destinyülüç n. shzu'e. part, pieceüm ir. gcsture.ümez r. fog, mist.ümezlernek r. foggy (to become,,.).ümlemek v. geshrre (i.e, with one's hcad and eyes).nod, winkümlül< lr irrterjcction (grarnrnatical term).ürnsüm aclj. peacefitl (cal-rn). quietÍimür ø, mist fogiindeme r¡. admonishment, lecture,ündemeh v. set (to place).ändemek v. admonish, lecture.ändemek v. lle!: To call on solneofle to do gooclthings. call for summonünjËi gitmek v. worry. EX: MeniÍì ejem men baraclaìremiçe änjåt girlfåir, My mother always lvoriesabout me,íinjä gofmâk v. wory (worry someone). EX: Menejerni ünjä go¡i¡iaryrr, I worry my nrother OR Imake mytnoth€r worly.änji ,?. won), anxiety.tins n. attention.üns bermek u. pay attention, attention (pay.,.).üns bermek (negative form) ia. rlisrogard, I:X:Sol hataiins benne. Disregard that letter.ünsli ari7. atte¡rtive.änssüz aclj. negligent, inattentive, clìstracted.üpjün ødj. provitled for.üpjün etmck u. supply, provirie.üpjiinçilik n. ¿id, (aid supplies).üpjünçilik r. secudty, prosperity, rvelfare.üpjünçilikler r. srrpplies, provisions.ürç etmek v. habit (make a,..of). EX: Men iÈiisdilini üLç edip öwrenfärin. I make a habit oflearning English.ärjetmck v. Ref: see ürç etmekürkek crlj skittish.iirkmek v. frightenect (to be...), scared (said ofanimals).ürküzmek v. startle (i.e. sfartle anirnal.s), scare (i,e,scare animals).üsgülcwük i'r. cough.iisgiilewültli adj. havirg a cough, suf.tbring fiom acough EX: Ol üsgälewükli. I-Ie has a cough CIRHe js suffbring fì'om a cough.üsgürmek u cough.üst n. rop.üst-baç n. clothingüstesine cnnj. besidcs. also in additionüsti bilen prep. via, through, by. EX: Men.llallcanabada Açgabadyñ üsti bilen baralyn. Iwill go to llalkanabat via Ashgabat. OR I will goto Ashgabat through Balkan¿bat. EX: Soraglaryhat üsti bilen belsene. Pleasc submit

üstün gelmehwagtal-wagtalbeatcnl.üstün gelmek v. -Ref' see üstün çykmakílstüncleprep. otr, top (on...of;. EX: Stolyñ üstüncle.On the table OR On lop of the table.üstünden barmak u. conle aqross, run across. EX:Kakasy çilirn çekip oûu'an oglunyñ íistünclenbardy. The father came across his son who wassmoking.üsttinden eltmek v. lead to, result in.ästänc prep. onto. ÐX: No¡ibarryñ ästüne suwgu¡i saria. Please pout the lvater onto the bcans.üståinlik /?. sucÇess, goocl luck.Üstänlik bolsun! intj. Good luck! May you havesuccsss !üstilnlik gâzanmak v. achieve. EX: Ol özüniflrnaksadyny iistüulik gazandy. IIc achiçved hisgoal.üsfünlikli arf. successful.üstüulikli ¿¡¿å,. strccessfully.ti stünlilili geçmek v, stlcceed, accornplish.äçcmeh r¿ cold (fbet...).üçemeh r¿ catcl.r colcl.üçertmek r'. pay attcntion, attention (pay...).üçetmek r'. rRe./; see üçemekü çük arú. shaqrness, c¡ttick-rvi ttedness.üçük n. erlcrtness, watchfirlncs.s.{igütmc n. chill.Íiçätmch u. colcl (feel,,,).ütmek v, pluck.ütülclemeh ¿ ilon.ütükli r. ironed.ütük(r) n. ilon (for clothing).üwelen et r. ground meat, mince meat.üwelrnck u. grouncl rql (to be..,), grouncl (to be...).üwemek z grind [ground, grortncl].üwremek v. rock, swing [swung, swung]. EX:Sallançagy äwreqiiir. The craclle rocks.iifrmek r,. barlc.íifçenmck v. afr'aicl ol' (to be.,.). EX: Menjolbarsdan üjsendim. I was afiaid of the lion.üyçmek ir. pilcW-wüfçmek n. clowdüfçmek r.,. pile. collect, gatherüfçmeleñ n. gatherìng. crowd parlyüi¡lçürmch u. gather (people or things), collect(people or things).üftgetlilmek v. ReJ: seeqitgemeküftgeme ir. changeäftgemek u change.üf tgegik ¿¡¿l¡. diffbrent.üftgeçik arli. specialüftgeçíklik n. diftbrenceüf tgeçiklik r. modilic¿tion, alteration. changeüjtgettneh v. acljust (adjust something), ohange(change something), alter.üftgcwsiz aøf. unclrangng.üzeñäi m. stirrnp.üzefiñi ¡r.ladder'.äzmek v. tear offäzmek v. uproot (tit. and frg.). EX: Ol 6zmaçgalasyny öz obasyrdan tizdi. He uprootedhis faurily fiorn his village,üzrnek r.,. pick. EX: Agaçdan altra üzrnelc. I'o pickan apple from a trce.üzrnek v. break fbloke, brokenl, snap. EX: Menliiþi ü2,

wagtlaÍynwagtlaliyn adi. Ícmpol"ary, interim.wagtly bermck v. lend [ent, lentl.wâgtly-wâgtynda adv. otttime, at the riglrt timewÐgt.orun düçüm r, tjmeþlace case.\ryagt-orun düçüm r. timeþlace case.wagty hilen adv. time (on...),wâgty hoç geçirmek v. fun (.have...). l?e/i lit: topass time r'vcllwagtyhoç acli. nagooclmooclwagtyndan äñ, adv. on timewagyrdâmak u. noise (to nrake,..), qonrmotion ftomalce a...).wagyrdy r. cotnlotion, troiscW^gyZ r?. $efm()n.wtgyz, n. propagaucla.wagy. etmek u preach,wagyz-ftesihat ¡i. dircctions (insttucliols),instructions.wagyz-nesihat a. sermo¡r.wah inrj oh!gosh!lvâhârman n. ,R¿f waharman: a kind of melonwah-hei intj.how tragicl oh nolwajyp ¿¡dj. essen¡ial. important\ryakâ n. event, sihr¿rtion.wal

wyçyrdamakfrmamakwy$yrdamak z whisper.\ryyçy-rvyçy r. whisper.Y-ylryzwod(r) ø. platoon (i.c. rnilitary).fa con.i. eifl:Lrø.n. pitcl.r firrk.¡iabahf abany adj, wild,untamed.fabçyrrnahfaby ir. horse¡ia-da conj, or.fada dtiçmek y. remcmber¡fada strlmal( p. rememberyrdamak v. tirc.f adaw adj.lireù, exhacrsted.v. scril on, attach, glue on.faclawlyk r. exhanstion, fatigue.yadawsyz cr1y. tireless, indefatigable.f*dcrny(r) adi. alomic,nucleâr'.fadro{r) n. ¡rurleÌ¡s.yadygärlik,r. rnorurncnt, mernorial.¡e. souvenir.fadygärliltfadyna düçmck v. remernber.fadyndan çykmali v. fbrgct ffbrgct, fì-:rgottoul.i,ag n. oil, grease, fat.yagdaf ¡r. condition, situation. EX: Nähiti ;iada;ilar.flow are things? OR FIow is the situttion'l EX:Näliili yadaflaryñyz. IIow are yot?yagdaflaçmak i,. tlexible (to be...) (fig.).liaglamak r oil, grcase, butter.iaglyfaglykfaglyliaclj, oily, greasy, Êatty.¡2. hanclkerchiefì kerchief.¡2. headscarf.u fall (i.e. precipitatiou).;iagmakyagmyr r. precipitation (i.e. lain, snow).iagny c.ont'. thal is to say, namely EX: Menifi iñgowy oiarwçym gelmedi, fagny Meret fokcly.My best student clidn't come, that is to say Meretwas not here.Íagçyar./7. fiue. goodfagçydan-jamänclânødv. nofhing at all neithergood or bad lrX: Juma fagçydan-famandan hiçzat tiìfmerli. Juma said notliìug at all.n. light (iltumination).v. brighten.lagtyfagtylmak¡iagtyltmak v. illuminate , light up (light irp an area).¡iagy n. enemyiagyç r¡. rain.iagyç fagmakv. rain.Íagyçly adj.tany.¡iaka r. collar.¡iaka tutmak r,. surprised (to be...). llef: Iit: to grabone's collar¡iaka fyrtmllr id. çhew someone out. rRy' lit: totear one's collar EX: *Ol meni úaka úertdi. Hechewed mo out.yakal t. pignrentation.f*kasyny tanatmak r,. notodous (to becorne...).fakmalc r.,. light or fire, set ou fire. bumf burnedlburnt, b urnccl/burnf.l.7- tnr.u on (a light etc.).afl, pleasant. nicefahmakfakymlyf akyrnsyz orl1. unpleasantiakyn nrJ¡. close, near. EX: 'faþtrnear lìrture.yaliynda a¿lv. recentlyyakynda a¿fil. soonfal

yâmanfaman adi. vvy, exh'eilely.Very goocl.!,aman adi. evíl. batl EX:intentions.EX: Yaman gowy.'iaman ni¡iet. Bacl¡iamanlamal< u slander.f amanlyk n. evil,harm (intentional harnù.lamaçgan atlv. again EX: iarnaçgan gaftalalRepeat again!ian n. side (of aperson ot'object).jan bermek v. give in, yielcl. EX; Okurvçylar näçeha¡foç etselcr hem men ¡ian bermedim. Eventhough the shrdents askecl tnany times I clid uotglYe ln.lian bermch v. I

yaryj,zry ,. halfì EX: Biriä !aLy. Twelvc+hirty (12:30).faryk n. small crackfarylma ¡?. rupture. _ferrym ¡r. haif. EX: Yarym kilo alma. Half a kilo ofapples.f arym ada n.perrinsula.farymaf ¿¡. crescent.Íaryç r. cornpetition,f asama a di. tntifi,cial.fasamak v. matce fmade, rnade], create.yassyk n. pillow,f asy adi. tlat.fasylyk n. plane (i.e. geornetrical planc).iaç ,?. äge, years. llX; Scn näçc ¡iaçyida? IIow olclare you?iaç adj. yovtg.iaç ¡?. tenß.fry çatynjalat n. newlywecls.façamak r,,live.¡iaçaçmaku. live together,façafan leri n. home, i?eÍ' lit:livcs¡iaçayyç n, livingn life. EX;, Stanclard of living.Yaçgün r.'I'uesday,¡r. cr¿rte, boxfaçikfaçlyk r. youth.façmak n. Ref: porfion of a woman's headscarf thatwraps tuourrd and covers tlre nouthy,açmak r.'. set (i.e. thc sun).Yaçulular maslahaty n. Ref Coumcil of Eldcrsof 'I urkmenistanyaçuly n. old man, eldcr.yaçuly n. Ref: fotm of address to older man¡iaçyl a.f. green,façyrmakfaçyrynu. conceal (couceal a fact), hide (hide afact) [iid, hictden].arly. hidtlen. sccret,?. memoty.adÌ. lnfamlliar, foreign.n. alien.latiatlatfat tutmak v. memorize.place where oneYA$ayy$ ocrcjcsl.!'ata ad¡. stagnant, rurmoving (ofwater).yatak r. deposit (i.c. oil, gas). BX: Nebit Yatagy.Oil cleposit.yatak r. barn.jatda saklarnak v. remember.f atdan çyk(ar)mak v. forget fforgot, forgotten].¡iatdan çykmaj ali ¿dj. tmforgettable.latgy n. ufenn.¡iatlamak v. rememberyatlamak v. memorize.yatlanmak v. rsmembered (to be...).fatlatmak v. remind. EX: Ol maria fygnak baradayeke-täkfatlatdy. I'Ie lemirrdecl mc about the meeting.fatlatmak ?. commemorâte. EXr Bu gÍinäñdeçlik! açlygymyzy ! alladlar gänüfldeçlik boldy. Thisconversation was a conversation tocommemor¿rte our youth.fatmak ç'. lie down flaydown, lain down].fatmak v. sleep [slept, slept].¡iatyrma ¡r. cancellation, abolishment.u. cancel (i.e. a meeting).¡iatyrmak¡iatyrmak rr. lay [aid, laid], put down, lower. EX:Pili fatyryp go¡i! Put down the shovellr). srlppless (i.e. a lebellion).v. sribside, die down.r. artow (fi'om a bow),coni. either...or'... EX: *fatyrmakfatyçmalcia!fa...¡ia-da.,.yaytlanmak v. hesitate.fa.fmak u. sprcad (i.e. dough) fspreail, sprcadl.f af ramak u spread (i.e. a rr'mor) fspread, spleadl.i,az r. spring (the seasorr).fazdyrrnak liaedyrmakl v. turce somconc towriteyaztlyrmah [fa:zdyrmak] v. unfasten. undofazgarrnak y. condcmn blamelazgy r. recorcling (i.e. uusical or written). EX: gllazgy Erkin Studiosyncla t

feke-fekedenfeke-yekeduà adv. one by one, onc at a time.jeklefin n. inctividual.fek-tÍik ødj. some, a lewfeli-farym ørli. some, a lew¡r. wind.Íelfelekin. feather, down (soft feathers).yclim n. glue.yeÏh ad¡.windy.yelmeçdirmek v. glue.fcnçmek r¿ beat (i.e. with a whip) [beat, beafen],porurcl (i.e. with a hammer), smash (i.c. with ahamrner).yene adv. again, else. EX; 'ßicne bt zat.gerehme?Do you need anything elsc? EX: Yene ldm?Whrr else? EX: 'FYene bil gezek eteli. Ler's clo itagaiu¡iene-de adv. againfencki nrl/ f,rflue, next EX: ieneki wakalar. Fulrreevents.ieñfeñijiir. sleeve.n, wiuner, r,ictorf ei.il ad¡.light (not heavy).leñil url¡. easy. simplcleñil odj.weakleflìl adj. easygoing.feflilkelleadj. thoughtless, airheaded.feñilleçdirrn€k v. easier (make sornethìng.,.), EX:Onyñ eli feñilligi içi feñilleçdirdi. Hisskillftllness made the job easier,r. privilege.feñillihfeñilmek v. lose (i.e. a competition), clefeated (toL-Ijeñiç r. viotory. sucÇessfeñiç düçíiÍl n. accusitive case, case (accusitive...).¡feñlemekv. lighter (ber:ome.,.).ycñlemek v. easier(become...).v. lighter (to rnake something...).feñletmck¡ieñletmek y. easi

¡fetiçmekyetiçmek u fo be on time for EX: Re¡ise feti¡mek.To be on time for a flight OR To catch a flight.fetmeh u. achieve, attain, reach. EX: Bizmaksadymyza Siettlik. We achieved oru goal.yetrnek v. approach (to come alongsicle). IiX; Maçynkilprä ¡ietip gelfär. The car approaches thebriclge.yetmek y, suffrce.fetnefÍin adj. missing.yetrneyän adj. shortfetmezçilil< rr. deficiency,yetmiç rîxrrrr. seventy.n. young manfigitfigit çykmal( r,. comc of age (of a boy). reachmanhooc{figrenç rr. hate.figrenrnel< ¿ [rate,figrimi nutn. tweßty.n, mâüow.¡filikfitgi n. loss.yiti arfj. sharp.lceen. EX: i'iti pyçak. A sharp knitè.yiti czfi. clever.fiti akylly aclj. witty.fitirmcli v. give rip. EX: I kne,'v I would lose, so Igave ltp,fitirmelc u lose (i.c. an objcct), EX: Men kitabymlitirdirn. I lost rny book.fitmek v. vanish, ctisappear.yoda n. path, trail.fognas adj. Itq/: see jogynyogsa conj. ít ttot.Íogynaclj. thick(largc diameter).iogyn adj.lol (of a souncl).Íogyn çckimli ses ¡¡. thick vowel.Íol

fuwaçybaratfuwaç adj. slowfuwaç odj. caln (of a person).fuwaç¡iuwdunmak v. swallow.¡iuwmal< v. wash.fuwunmakfuwutmak v. swallow.iükftiklemekfüñiüparlv. qrrietly. slowly, calrnlyv. wash (wash oueself).ir. baggagc, fieight, burdeu.u. transport, haul (harrl fl'eight).¡r, wool.,r. lope, thlead.n. sillc.füpek¡iÍiregi awamak u. rcgrat.jüregi düçüSmek v. çaltn clown.färegini düwmch v. decicleyürek r. healt.fürek agyrynyñ tutgafy n. heart attack.gysmak v. bored (to be,..).fürckyürek gysmah r,. ruiss (long fbr),¡iürekdeç rrrf, sinoere.f iirckli ad.j. bnve,coBrageousyüwse r. drimble.yüw Íirji n. bl

ygalygâl r. precipitatiolr (i.e. min, smw).ygally adj. rainy.yglan ctme ¡¡. declaratir¡n.yglan etmek v. declare, arìnollnce.ygçylda(ç)mak v. rustle. tÌX: $emala bugclaflar:ygçyldaçjrar. The wheat rustles in the w ind.ygtybarly adj. rcliabls, rrustworthy.ygtyl€t n. failh, belief (otd word)ygtyf ar r. authority, perrnission.ygtyi¿lr tlermek u. authodze.ygtyfarnama r. visa, permis.sion lctter.yhlas n.zeal.yigrenji adj.hatefú.ykbal r. ftte, destiny.ykdysady ørf.economic.ykdysadyfet n.ecorromy.ykdysatçy r. cconomist.ykjam atli. fitnt,sturdy.ykiam adj. self'disc\p lined.ykjam adi. aacl;l'ale (atrout a persolr), conscientions.yklym ¡r. universe.ykmak rr harrg out. 1{e3f 'I'his is a negative word in'ltrrkmcn, lil

yzagalskzeflyzngalak - adj. unclerdeveloped, backward (aboutcouuilies, people). Ref: Tit: lagging behindyualy adj. pantulyzârlanak u. prosecnte, investigate.yzarlamak v. follow.yzarlanmâkv. followed (to be,..¡. pursued (tobe...).yzgilf r?. moistur€.yzgarly adj. danpy'Lgyt ,?. care.ssyzgytsyz ad.i. ReJ: {ìolrreone who is constantlycomplainingyzlarnah r,. snivelo oly (like a child).yzlamak [y:zlamakl u. íack, follow.y'¿ly-yrryndfl arlr successive, one after the othcl,rolv (ìn a...).yzy bilen adv. thetefbre, as a tesult of this. ËX: NIengullukclan gcldim yzy bileu ìçe girdim. I c¿rmcv. compose.Z-zhome from the army; as a result of this I beganwork.yzy lrilcn aclv. following. EX: Çagalar mtqallyrnyñyzy bilen gel¡.i'är'Ter. The children comefollowing their tcacltcr.yzygiderli ødl. consisteut, logical, regular' EX: Dilôwrenjek bolsafl, yzygiclerli okarnaly. If you willIeacn a language you mr$t study oonsisterrtly.yzygiderlilik rr. logic, reason (logic).yzy na ¿rdv. baclcwards.yzyna clüçmek r,. follow.yzy$â efcrmek v. tbllow in someone's footsteps.follow (fig.) EX: Juma kakas¡myfl yzyra eferipmugallym trolcly. Juma followed in hìs tàther'sfootsteps and became a teacher.yzyncla prep.behind.yzysÍire adv. rigltt aiter, imnrediately after.zâbt etmel( v. conquer.zabun arly. cruel.zaçiot(r) n. Rcy'; given at university examZÐg r?. ravenzagyrdâmak u. shake (of a pelson), shiver.zâknzetrnek v. order (i.e. goods). EX; Menkitaphana äçin 100 sany täze kitap zakaz etdirn.I ordered I 00 new books for the library.zà,k^z(Y) ¡a. order (i.e. goods).zakgun f*lyad¡. bacl tastingzal(r) ¡r. hall. EX: Sport zal. Sports hall.zàlym r, clespot, tyrant.zalymlyk ri. fyranny.zrman n. tonse (grammatioal terrse). ReJ': seszamaû8'z^tn na r. epoch, era, time perìod, tirnezamanabftp adv. irta modern lvayz^mçù n. Ref: zamcha: at),pÊ ofmelonzamun n.6ail, bontl. guaranteezapas(r) ,?. reserve. EX: Nebit z¿ìpasy. Oil reselve.zapo\rycdnik(r) ø. preserve.zât n. teed, necessity ËX: Men owadan gyzyñ z¿ry,I really ncud a beautifrrl girl.z^rba, n. blow [blew, blown].za,Åk n. dice.z¿rñyldamak v. ring [rang, rungl, jingle#.'z rp n.blow [blew, blown].7,erp n. force. llX: Zarp biTen. With t'orce.zarplandyrmah v. strenglhen.zûrplandyrmak u. arnpliry.zarplanmak u. strcugthened (to be...).zarplenilah r,. amplífied (to be...).zarply ødj. strongzerply arlu. harcl loudlyzarliad(r) n. charge (elcctric charge).zarià,ú(r) n. carbidge. chargezal|yn adj. mournñtl, sa

zerzer n. gold (old word)zerârly po,r, because of EX: Men maçgala ¡fagclafymzerarly amerika geclip bilrnedim. Because of myfamily sitLration I could nof go to Arneriea.zervÍ ødj. necessaryzerurlyl( n. needze!' n. moisture.zeÍilli prep. srtch as, like. EX: $u zclilli zatïwyelme! Don'! clo tirings likc this!zÈlrcnç r. complaintzeÍrenmek u complainzeitun ir. olive.zäher r. poison.zäherlemek u poison.zähcrli ady. poisonous.zähmet r.laborzÊihrnet hahy n. salar:yzihil n.galbagezikge ¡r. coinzirzibil n. gar'bage, fiash.znäçok(r) n. badge.zogdyrulmak u spurt, gush out.zol ørh,. every tinre.zolak r. stripe.zolakly adj. striped.zolak(r) r. band (i.e. stripe).zonlâmak v. press forrvard, push lbnvard.zofnpa adv. suclclenlyzona(r) n.zone.zo alogi! a(r) n. zoolo gy.zoûpàrk(r) n.zoo.'toÍ ¡r. force, violônce.zor adj. sh'ong capablczyfany fokzor salmak v. effort (make au ...).zorâiakdan adv. by tìrrce.zordÀn adu. reluctantly, unwillingly.zorlamâk y. force (force sorneone to do sometlring).zorlamalc y. rapc.zorlap alma r. extortion.zorluk r. violence.zorly aclj. very spicyzowlatmal( v. shout, cry oÌrt.zowwam arfu. stlaight tluough. EX: Pyçak elimizowwi¡rrì l