Dr. Patricia Gruber, Director of Research, Office of Naval ... - Isope

17th Annual ISOPE Conference
Lisbon, Portugal, July 1 - 6, 2007
Engineering Challenges Driven
by the Navy, and the Navy After Next
Dr. Patricia Gruber,
Director of Research,
Office of Naval Research
2 July 2007
http://www.onr.navy.mil

ONR Mission
Office of Naval Research (Public Law 588, 1946):
“… plan, foster, and encourage scientific research in
recognition of its paramount importance as related to
the maintenance of future naval power, and the
preservation of national security.… ”
Transitioning S&T (Defense Authorization Act, 2001):
“…manage the Navy’s basic, applied, and advanced
research to foster transition from science and
technology to higher levels of research,
development, test, and evaluation.”
Performers: Academia, Government Labs, Industry
2

Expeditionary Warfare
and Combating Terrorism
Warfighter Performance
Broad Investments across Departments
Command, Control, Communications,
Computers, Intelligence, Surveillance,
and Reconnaissance (C4ISR)
Air Warfare and Weapons
Sea Warfare and Weapons Ocean Battlespace Sensing
3

Navy Challenges
• Platform design and Naval engineering
Develop agile, fuel efficient, and modular platforms capable of operating in any
environment using physics-based design tools
• Life cycle affordability
Reduce life cycle cost of Naval platforms through reduced maintenance, intelligent
diagnostics, and automation
• Operational Environments
Exploit the environment by accurately predicting the ocean, air, littoral and riverine
environments on tactical and strategic time scales
• Power and Energy
Increase Naval forces freedom of action through energy assurance and power efficient
systems, to provide desired power at the platform and personal level
4

Low-Speed Maneuvering
Wakes
Turbulence
Hydromechanics
Hydroacoustics
Bubbles
Quiet Propulsors Circulation Control Propulsor-Hull / Stealth
Technical Challenges:
Prediction and Control of
Non-linear Ship Motion
Submarine Maneuvering
Acoustic Noise
Surface and Subsurface Wakes
Cavitation
Platform Design &
Naval Engineering
Seakeeping
Nonlinear Motions
Wave-Breaking
Naval Impact:
Design Guidance for
Advanced Hulls and Propulsors
Increased Stealth Speed
Expand Operating Envelope
Fast Ship Technology for Transport
5

Relative core compressive strength (σ c /σ y )
Cellular Structural Materials
Relative density (ρ/ρ sheet )
• Stronger than honeycomb at
densities of interest
• 10X stronger than stochastic foams
• Interesting multifunctionality: use of
open space for fluids, other materials
Platform Design &
Naval Engineering
Core Relative Density = 10%
a) tetrahedral
c) 3-D Kagomé
e) hollow truss
b) pyramidal
d) diamond weave
f) honeycomb
6

Load [kips]
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Hybrid Ship Construction
Composite/Steel Hybrid Hull
• Light weight, improved signature and dynamic performance
• Long fatigue life, improved corrosion resistance, complex shapes
• Hydo efficiency and 35% - 50% reduction in Whipping Loads
• US/Japan Agreement
LVDT 3 (on keel longeron)
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00
Displacement [mm]
Platform Design &
Naval Engineering
Hybrid Hull
7

Impact of Corrosion on the Navy
Life Cycle
Affordability
Corrosion: Navy’s No. 1 Maintenance Problem
Aircraft
$0.9B
Ships*
$2.44B
Ground Vehicles
& Others $1.1B
$4.44B/Yr
Landing Gear – Stress
Corrosion Cracks
HMMWV
Suspension and Frame
Fasteners – Exfoliation
Ship Tank
Koch, G. H., Brongers, M. P. H., Thompson, N. G., Virmani, Y. P. and Payer, J. H.,
Corrosion Cost and Preventive Strategies in the United States, FHWA-RD-01-156,
Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington
D.C., 773 pp., March 2002
*The Annual Cost of Corrosion for Army Ground Vehicles and Navy Ships, LMI
Report, Apr., 2006
8

Ceramic Nanocomposite Coatings
• n-Al2O3-13TiO2 coatings
fabricated by conventional
plasma spray
• 2X the bond strength and 4X
the wear resistance
• Extraordinary deformability
without failure
• Direct transition to fleet and
industry (fully commercial)
MCM shafts fail after 18months service
Requiring dry docking for weld repair
Uncoated shaft experiences
Severe scoring damage
Conventional Nano
Life Cycle
Affordability
No failure even after
Severe deformation
No visible damage after
Four years of service
9

Structural Integrity of
Composites during Fire
• Objectives
Life Cycle
Affordability
Develop validated model of the
structural integrity and failure
of composites during fire
• Major Deliverables /
Transitions
– Models to predict structural
failure of specific
composites due to fire
– Expand capability to
include additional materials
– Incorporate composite
model into the commercial
finite element code
ABAQUS
– Intumescent coating for
damage suppression
10

Global NOGAPS:
NOGAPS:
(Fleet
(Fleet
Numerical)
Global
Numerical)
• •
Global
Global
coverage
•
Global
Global
coverage
coverage with
with
no
no
gaps
gaps
• •
1–10d
1–10d
forecaster
forecaster
guidance
•
1–10d
1–10d
forecaster
forecaster
guidance
guidance
Regional COAMPS:
COAMPS:
(Fleet
(Fleet
Numerical)
Regional Numerical)
• •
High
High
resolution,
resolution,
nested
nested
regional
•
High
High
resolution,
resolution,
nested
nested
regional
regional
coverage
coverage
• •
0-72h
0-72h
forecaster
forecaster
guidance
•
0-72h
0-72h
forecaster
forecaster
guidance
guidance
Meteorology Modeling & Prediction
On-Scene COAMPS-OS:
COAMPS-OS:
(Theater
(Theater
Centers)
On-Scene
Centers)
• •
On-scene
On-scene
tactical-scale
tactical-scale
weather
•
On-scene
On-scene
tactical-scale
tactical-scale
weather
weather
• •
0-48h
0-48h
forecaster
forecaster
guidance
•
0-48h
0-48h
forecaster
forecaster
guidance
guidance
Telescoping Systems
Shipboard
Shipboard
•
•
Data
Data
fusion
fusion
engine
engine
to
to
blend
blend
available,
available,
perishable
perishable
data
data
including
including
target
target
area
area
assessment
assessment
•
•
0-6h,
0-6h,
automatically
automatically
updated
updated
•
•
Focus
Focus
on
on
warfighter
warfighter
requirements
requirements
in
in
space
space
and
and
time
time
resolution
resolution
•
•
Common
Common
situational
situational
awareness
awareness
BC, IC IC
On-Scene Obs
Observations
Observations
Battlespace
Awareness
Cube
Local Model
Output
Data Fusion
Nowcast
Operational
Environments
On-Scene
Observations
11

Understanding the smaller scale
processes & how they feed back to
the larger scale
Ocean Modeling
R&D
Forecasting Agencies
Operational
Environments
Seconds Years
12

Ship Design
Payoffs From Wave Research Operational
Environments
Interest in Individual Waves Not Just Spectra
Radar Backscatter Wave Field Wave Prediction
Models of Sea State Characteristics
Safe Offloading
Safe Off-loads
13

Photovoltaic Conversion
for small personal power applications
UCLA
Renewable Energy
Basic Research in Organic/Hybrid
Photovoltaic Polymers
Ocean Thermal Systems
for land-based power augmentation
Power and
Energy
Wave Energy Conversion
for land-based power augmentation,
and small sea-based sensors
Diego Garcia Power and Chilled Water Augmentation
Marine Corps Base Hawaii
Power Augmentation
14

Simultaneous Multi-prong approach
� Engine & Fuel Cell R&D
� Logistics Fuel R&D
� Increase Platform Efficiency
� Logistics Fuel Management
Future Fuels
Power and
Energy
15

S&T
Opportunities
S&T Transition
Industry
Commercialization
Navy Acquisition
Programs
Naval Unique Products
http://www.onr.navy.mil
Fleet
&
Force
16