Farm Resource Management (FRM) - College of Agricultural ...

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AWATT Farm Resource Management Training ManualBetter livestock management is needed to safeguard water. Livestock water demandincludes water for drinking and for feed production and processing. Livestock also havean impact on water, contaminating it with manure and urine. All of these aspects needto be given due consideration.Intensification of agriculture through appropriate incorporation of small livestock hasthe potential to decrease the land needed for agricultural production and relieve thepressure on upper watershed areas, forests and rangelands.Horses graze pearl millet (Shandawel-1 variety) at Kefayt DairyFarm in Mazar-e-Sharif, November 1, 2010.KEY ISSUES/QUESTIONS FOR PROJECT DESIGNThe increase in demand for livestock products presents opportunities for small farmers whocan increase livestock production and benefit from related income. However, in terms ofenvironmental impact, the growing number of livestock and the increase in livestock processingcan have a negative impact on natural resources unless actions are taken to identify farmingpractices that are economically and ecologically sustainable. Thanks to the dynamic interactionof its various components, the highly improved integrated crop-livestock system can guaranteemore sustainable production and therefore constitutes a valid new approach.Afghanistan Water, Agriculture and Technology Transfer Program 30
AWATT Farm Resource Management Training ManualCamels and dairy cattle graze pearl millet (Shandawel-1 variety) at Kefayt Dairy Farm in Mazar-e-Sharif,November 1, 2010.Experience in the use of this system has shown that:Adopting sustainable management practices can improve production while preservingthe environment;Residues, wastes and by-products of each component serve as resources for the others;Poor farmers have the traditional knowledge needed to integrate livestock and cropproduction, but because of their limited access to knowledge, assets and inputs,relatively few adopt an integrated system.The challenge for development practitioners is to ensure that poor small farmers can increasethe productivity of traditional farming systems, adopting an effective integrated system thatproduces usable biomass while conserving natural resources, and can therefore be sustainablein the long term.Afghanistan Water, Agriculture and Technology Transfer Program 31
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