Pintura ingles - Perry Miniatures

ems as though Zumalacárregui carried a lot of weightboth in this decision and in the selection of which garmentsthe uniform would consist of. The only itemsthe uniforms had in common were the txapela, the cananaand the saco-morral.The traditional Basque beret, or txapela, was deeply-rootedin the north, which made adopting it as theCarlist’s military headdress quite easy. It was warm inthe winter, protected the men from the sun and rainand must have been far more comfortable than theshakoes worn during those times. Sometimes a metalring insert was used to make its shape more rigid, althoughnormally it was simply filled with pieces ofcloth. As you will see below, these berets came in differentcolours depending on the regiment or as a distinctionof rank.The cananas, cartridge belts that were widely usedby hunters, had already been used by the army duringthe Peninsular War. Worn around the waist instead ofacross the chest, they were lighter than the conventionalcartridge belts as their weight was distributedand did not rest entirely on the men’s shoulders. Theywere made out of leather and were usually black or natural-coloured.Lastly, the saco-morral was a simple linen or whiteclothbag that was carried on the back. Just like therest of the Carlist gear, it was much lighter and morecomfortable than the awkwardmilitary backpacks of the period,which took a toll on theshoulders and backs of the poormen carrying them.The Carlist soldier’s regularuniform consisted of a coateethat was normally blue with redfacings -though it was often replacedwith a simple grey greatcoat-and trousers that wereusually red in the winter andwhite in the summer. As for theirfootwear, the shoes and bootswere a luxury and only availableto very few men. Given this, espadrillesbecame widespreadamongst the troops. Eventhough they were very comfortableand better suited to the Carlistfighting style (rememberthat at this time most footwear wasmade from the same mould and hadcardboard soles), espadrilles providedlittle to no protection for themen’s feet from the cold or rain. Somesay that this type of shoe causedmore casualties than enemy bullets.The uniform worn by Carlist officerswas very similar to troops’.The rank distinctions included: thegold lace that was piped on thecuffs of their jackets and sometimeson those of the frock coat; theepaulettes which were only wornfrom the rank of captain up, thoughthey were quickly eliminated; andthe berets which were initially redwith a gold or silver tassel but were also abandonedgiven the excellent target they made for the enemyshooters.For the sake of being thorough, it would be worthmaking some relatively obvious clarifications on thispoint. First of all, not all units were lucky enough toreceive uniforms, which made the txapela the onlydistinguishing piece of clothing for many soldiers.Secondly, given the production and supply problemsmentioned above, the appearance of the uniformedbattalions was probably not far from that of previousforces. What’s more, these hardships turned the Carlistarmy into a predatory force which lived largely offof equipment captured from the enemy. As a result,the true appearance of the legitimist soldiers musthave been a mix of their own uniforms, captured gearand civilian clothing, with the txapela as the onlygarment they had in common.The Army of the MaestrazgoWhen the Carlist uprising broke out in 1833, thecommanding officers and the civil service attachedto the Pretender sought refuge in the north, where aregular army could be organised relatively quickly. Althoughthe revolt in the Maestrazgo was forcefullycrushed, the Carlist cause was so firmly-rooted inthis region that it reappeared as active guerrillaThese soldiers are riflemen of a battalion of Tortosa. Save for a couple pairs of trousers, one brown (civilian) andthe other grey (captured), they are all wearing the regulation uniform.

ands. The isolation of both Carlist centres greatlyrestricted communications (Carnicer, leader of theguerrillas of the Maestrazgo, was captured and executedin 1835 while attempting to reach Navarre).This meant that it was practically impossible for theCarlist State to exercise direct authority over the region.In fact, the Army of the Maestrazgo as suchwas not actually united by the charismatic figure ofRamón Cabrera until 1836. Given this, the diverseorigins of these troops largely conditioned the varietyof their uniforms, which was accentuated by the region’straditional lack of resources.The uniforms worn by the Carlist troops in the Armyof the Maestrazgo were inspired by those of the Armyof the North, though the use of captured and civilianclothing was much more pronounced and includedeverything from greatcoats, coatees and trousers tothe peculiar zaragüell (typical skirt worn by peasantsfrom Valencia). Not even the txapela was widespread,despite Cabrera’s efforts to introduce it. Since thetxapela was not common in these areas, regionalhats were worn instead, including barretinas (Catalancap) and simple headscarves.Other Carlist GroupsIn the rest of Spain, Don Carlos’ followers formed relativelyactive guerrilla bands. In Catalonia thesegroups achieved a high degree of organisation andtowards the end of the war they could be consideredas the Army of Catalonia. However, in many other casesthey were never more than groups of banditsand highwaymen. Although many of these units joinedthe regular troops during the Carlist expeditionson the Peninsula, it is highly unlikely that they weregiven equipment. Consequently, there was practicallyno uniformity among these men. They mainlymade use of captured equipment, especially civilianclothing with distinct regional styles. For example,while some Castilian groups wore berets as a distinguishingelement, in Catalonia the headdress ofchoice was the barretina.How to Paint Carlist InfantryThe aim of the second part of this article is to putthe abovementioned information into practice usingfive examples. I have chosen these examples becauseof their military importance and the variety ofthe uniforms. In spite of the wide array of equipmentused by the Carlist soldiers, I decided to paint themmore or less the same to give the figures some cohesionand to make them representative of the battalionthey belonged to. Nonetheless, I will use theseunits to show you some elements that cangenerally be used on any Carlist troops, such asrank insignias for officers and NCOs, drummers andbuglers, civilian clothing, adapting garments to campaignlife, etc.Before talking about the uniforms themselves, itwould be good idea to give a brief description of thesoldiers’ personal appearance. These men were generallyfrom rural areas and must have been extremelyweather-beaten due to the harsh climate in theinland and northern regions of Spain. In addition,their tough living conditions would have contributedto premature ageing. Do not forget that in CarlistSpain battalions were mainly manned by volunteers,though there was some recruitment. This meant therewas a wide range of ages among the men in theirranks. For that reason, we can paint their faces a bitdarker than usual (but without overdoing it, we don’twant them to look like Berbers!) and play with theirfeatures to create everything from adolescents tomen in their 40s or 50s. As for their hair, I have chosento paint them all with black or chestnut-colouredhair, even though there were certainly some blondeand even redheads among the troops. However, I haveadded some grey to their hair and moustaches toaccentuate the age differences.We will paint all the figures using the typical techniquesover a black base. For this, we will use paintsfrom Vallejo Model Color (numeric references), AndreaColor (AC references) and Citadel Colour (00-00).Battalion of GuipúzcoaThe infantry of Guipúzcoa was, in the Pretender’sopinion, the backbone of the Army of the North. Atone point, they had eight battalions with 1,000 meneach. Except for the 5th Battalion, which had theprivilege of wearing white txapelas (hence theirnickname Txapelzuris or Chapelgorris), the rest worethe same uniform: blue berets with a white tassel,grey greatcoats with red collar patches and redtrousers in winter or white in summer. This uniformwas common to most of the battalions of the Armyof the North.These soldiers from Guipúzcoa are wearing the regular “winter” uniform. Thestandard bearer is wearing the regulation coatee with fine gold lace on thecuffs. The officer has the same uniform as the troops with the sabre as theonly rank distinction.GARMENT BASE COLOUR 1st HIGHLIGHT 2nd HIGHLIGHTGreatcoats Neutral Grey (992) Base Colour + White (951) 1st Highlight + White (951)+ Flat Black (AC-26)Trousers Reddish Brown (AC-18) Reddish Brown (AC-18) Vermillion (947)+ Vermillion (947) or Scarlet (817)Chocolate Brown (872) Wood (AC-41)Wood (AC-41)+ Wood (AC-41) + Tan Yellow (912)Jacket Prussian Blue (AC-22) Prussian Blue (AC-22) 1st Highlight + White (951)+ Medium Blue (963)Txapelas Prussian Blue (AC-22) Base Colour + White (951) –+ Medium Blue (963)

Cananas Flat Black (AC-26) Flat Black (AC-26) –+ Dark Brown (AC-17)Saco-morral Light Grey (990) Light Grey (990) + White (951) White (951)Espadrilles Wood (AC-41) Tan Yellow (912) –Guides of ÁlavaThe guide battalions were the Carlist armies’ true eliteunits. The Guides of Álava formed a powerful battalionwith a theoretical strength of 900 men. Theiruniform was similar to the one described above, exceptthat they did not have coloured patches on theirgreatcoats and their txapelas were red, a colour thatwas in principle used only by officers. Just like in therest of the army, the musicians’ uniform was similarto the troops’, although sometimes they could havesome type of emblem on the collar (a lyre or somethingsimilar).Command Group detail: The drummer is wearing the uniform of the RoyalHousehold with red and white chevrons on the sleeves. Besides having a redcollar and tassel, the standard bearer is distinguished by a sergeant chevronon the left sleeve.Below officer detail: This officer has lace depicting the rank of lieutenantcolonel on his cuffs. His riding pants are those typically worn by the Carlistcavalry, red with black leather reinforcements.When painting this unit I opted for white (summer) trousers and greatcoats ina dirty grey shade.Officer Detail: The officer is wearing a regulation coatee with gold lacedepicting the rank of lieutenant around his cuffs. He is also wearing civilianclothing, such as a headscarf, a sash and brown trousers with leather patcheson the inside leg.GARMENT BASE COLOUR 1st HIGHLIGHT 2nd HIGHLIGHTGreatcoats Neutral Grey (992) Base Colour + White (951) 1st Highlight + White (951)+ Wood (AC-41)Trousers Light Grey (990) Light Grey (990) White (951)+ White (951)Chocolate Brown (872) Wood (AC-41)Wood (AC-41)+ Wood (AC-41) + Tan Yellow (912)Jacket Prussian Blue (AC-22) Prussian Blue (AC-22) 1st Highlight + White (951)+ Medium Blue (963)Txapelas Reddish Brown (AC-18) Reddish Brown (AC-18) Vermillion (947)+ Vermillion (947) or Scarlet (817)Cananas and Flat Black (AC-26) Flat Black (AC-26) –reinforcements+ Dark Brown (AC-17)(supports)Saco-morral Light Grey (990) Light Grey (990) White (951)+ White (951)Espadrilles Wood (AC-41) Tan Yellow (912) –Battalion of TortosaThe three battalions of Tortosa, along with the threeof Mora, formed the First Auxiliary Division of theArmy of the Maestrazgo. They had 1,000 men eachand were by far Cabrera’s best troops.Their uniform consisted of a blue greatcoat with acoloured patch on the collar, white beret and whitetrousers (the most common in this region). The six riflecompanies had a yellow collar patch and tassel;the colours reserved for the two companies of preference,grenadiers and shooters, were red and greenrespectively and were found on the collar, the tasseland the characteristic epaulettes. The battalions ofTortosa were identified by the skull and crossbones,a symbol of all-out war. This emblem was found ontheir famous flag and on the drums, whose rims werethe company colour.The battalions of Mora wore a similar uniform, exceptthey had cuff flaps and, according to some sources,sardinetas (cuff bars) in the case of the companiesof preference.GARMENT BASE COLOUR 1st HIGHLIGHT 2nd HIGHLIGHTGreatcoats Prussian Blue (AC-22) Prussian Blue (AC-22) 1st Highlight + White (951)and shabraque + Medium Blue (963)Gold Thread Wood (AC-41) Yellow Ochre (913) Burnished Gold (61-62)+ Dark Leather (AC-48)Trousers Light Grey (990) Light Grey (990) White (951)+ White (951)Chocolate Brown (872) Wood (AC-41)Wood (AC-41)+ Wood (AC-41) + Tan Yellow (912)Neutral Grey (992) Base Colour + White (951) 1st Highlight+ Flat Black (AC-26) + White (951)Reddish Brown (AC-18) Reddish Brown (AC-18) Vermillion (947)+ Vermillion (947) or Scarlet (817)

Txapelas Light Grey (990) Light Grey (990) White (951)+ White (951)Cananas and Flat Black (AC-26) Flat Black (AC-26) –reinforcements+ Dark Brown (AC-17)Saco-morral Light Grey (990) Light Grey (990) White (951)+ White (951)Espadrilles Wood (AC-41) Tan Yellow (912) –Battalion of ValenciaThere were seven battalions of Valencia in all, eachwith 800 or 900 men. Only the first four were providedwith uniforms which consisted of solid blue greatcoatand txapela and white trousers. I have not been able tofind any information on the colour of the tassels, so Iopted for white. The rest of the battalions wore capturedgear and typical clothing of the region, like the zaragüell.Since Cabrera did not think very highly of them,it seems like they were the worst troops of the Army ofthe Maestrazgo.To give them a different look I have painted the blue berets with a greyish toneto show that they were worn out from prolonged use. The trousers arecharacteristic of different parts of the country.Detail: This soldier has red chevrons depicting the rank of first officer on thetop part of his sleeves.The uniform worn by the first four battalions consistedof a brown coatee with red facing or a brown greatcoat,blue beret with red tassel and white trousers. Therest of the battalions wore civilian clothing.Given the quality of these battalions Iwanted to try to make them lookunmilitary like... and dirty! I attemptedto achieve this by giving themcaptured greatcoats and trousers, alot of patches and two to three-daybeards.Detail: This man is a sergeant,distinguished by a gold chevron on thelower part of the cuff on his greatcoat.GARMENT BASE COLOUR 1st HIGHLIGHT 2nd HIGHLIGHTGreatcoats Prussian Blue (AC-22) Prussian Blue (AC-22) 1st Highlight+ Medium Blue (963) + White (951)Trousers Light Grey (990) Light Grey (990) White (951)+ White (951)Neutral Grey (992) Base Colour + White (951) 1st Highlight+ Flat Black (AC-26) + White (951)Txapelas Prussian Blue (AC-22) Base Colour + White (951) –+ Medium Blue (963)Cananas Flat Black (AC-26) Flat Black (AC-26)+ Dark Brown (AC-17) –Chocolate Brown (872) Wood (AC-41)+ Wood (AC-41) –Saco-morral Light Grey (990) Light Grey (990) White (951)+ White (951)Espadrilles Wood (AC-41) Tan Yellow (912) –Battalion of AragónThere were as many as 10 battalions from Aragón duringthe war that served in the Armies of the North andthe Maestrazgo. They had a theoretical strength of 800men each. The general opinion is that they were goodtroops, very reliable and aggressive.GARMENT BASE COLOUR 1st HIGHLIGHT 2nd HIGHLIGHTGreatcoats Chocolate Brown (872) Wood (AC-41) Wood (AC-41)+ Wood (AC-41) + Tan Yellow (912)Trousers Light Grey (990) Light Grey (990) + White (951) White (951)Neutral Grey (992) Base Colour + White (951) 1st Highlight+ Flat Black (AC-26) + White (951)Reddish Brown (AC-18) Reddish Brown (AC-18) Vermillion (947)+ Vermillion (947) or Scarlet (817)Txapelas Prussian Blue (AC-22) Grey Blue (943) –+ Grey Blue (943)Cananas Flat Black (AC-26) Flat Black (AC-26) –+ Dark Brown (AC-17)Saco-morral Light Grey (990) Light Grey (990) White (951)+ White (951)Espadrilles Wood (AC-41) Tan Yellow (912) –Carlist GeneralsThe regulation uniform for the Carlist generals consistedof a blue jacket with blue collar and blue or redcuffs with gold piping. The trousers were white or redwith a gold stripe on the side. The berets, for both generalsand aides-de-camp, were white with a black tassel.The uniform was completed with a red sash withgold fringe. The shabraque was blue with gold piping.On campaign it was common for them to wear bluefrock coats, though the leather Spencer jackets that werepopular amongst the officers were worn more often.The full-dress trousers were usually replaced with onesthat were normally red with leather reinforcements.Zumalacárregui and his Aide-de-campThe uniform normally worn by Zumalacárregui was asimple blue jacket that he covered with a black sheepskinSpencer jacket, red sash, red full-dress (withgold stripes) or campaign (with leather reinforcements)trousers and red txapela with a white or silvertassel.GARMENT BASE COLOUR 1st HIGHLIGHT 2nd HIGHLIGHTGreatcoat Prussian Blue (AC-22) Prussian Blue (AC-22) 1st Highlightand shabraque + Medium Blue (963) + White (951)

Overcoat Light Grey (990) Light Grey (990) White (951)and Txapela + White (951)Trousers Reddish Brown (AC-18) Reddish Brown (AC-18) Vermillion (947)+ Vermillion (947) or Scarlet (817)Shabraque Prussian Blue (AC-22) Prussian Blue (AC-22) 1st Highlight+ Medium Blue (963) + White (951)Gold Thread Wood (AC-41) Yellow Ochre (913) Burnished Gold (61-62)+ Dark Leather (AC-48)Spencer Flat Black (AC-26) Flat Black (AC-26) 1st HighlightJacket + Neutral Grey (992) + White (951)Trousers Reddish Brown (AC-18) Reddish Brown (AC-18) Vermillion (947)+ Vermillion (947) or Scarlet (817)Txapela Reddish Brown (AC-18) Reddish Brown (AC-18) Vermillion (947)+ Vermillion (947) or Scarlet (817)Gold Thread Wood (AC-41) Yellow Ochre (913) Burnished Gold (61-62)+ Dark Leather (AC-48)Silver Thread Neutral Grey (992) Sky Grey (989) Mithril Silver (61-55)His aide-de-camp is wearing a full-dress uniform of ageneral staff officer.GARMENT BASE COLOUR 1st HIGHLIGHT 2nd HIGHLIGHTGreatcoat Prussian Blue (AC-22) Prussian Blue (AC-22) 1st Highlightand shabraque + Medium Blue (963) + White (951)Trousers Prussian Blue (AC-22) Grey Blue (943) Grey Blue (943)+ Grey Blue (943) + White (951)Txapela Prussian Blue (AC-22) Base Colour + White (951) –+ Medium Blue (963)Gold Thread Wood (AC-41) Yellow Ochre (913) Burnished Gold (61-62)+ Dark Leather (AC-48)Cabrera and Don CarlosAlthough the Pretender and Ramón Cabrera were separatedfrom each other most of the war, this vignette represents theencounter of the two figures during the Royal Expedition of1837.Cabrera’s uniform consists of a green coat over which hewore a black wolf-skin Spencer jacket and a white cape orovercoat with red lining. His trousers were red with gold or silverstripes and the txapela was white with a gold tassel. Hewore a red sash and the stripe of the Great Order of Isabelthe Catholic on the breast (yellow with a white centre). Cabreranever carried a sabre and, if he did, he fastened it tohis saddle and never to his waist. Given that, I have removedthe scabbard that was poking out from under his overcoat.GARMENT BASE COLOUR 1st HIGHLIGHT 2nd HIGHLIGHTCoat Napoleonic Green (AC -38) Napoleonic Green (AC -38) –+ Tan Yellow (912)Spencer Flat Black (AC-26) Flat Black (AC-26) 1st HighlightJacket + Neutral Grey (992) + White (951)The full-dress uniform of Don Carlos María Isidrowas spectacular. He wore a blue coat with red facingsand gold embroidery on the collar, sleeves,cuffs and turnbacks, a red and gold general’s sash,a white txapela with a gold tassel and sky blue trouserswith gold stripes depicting the rank of colonelof the Corps Guards. He wore multiple medals,everything from the Golden Fleece on the collar tothe band of the Great Cross of Carlos III (sky bluewith a white centre) on the breast. However, on campaignhe usually wore civilian clothing with a simpleblack frock coat and a top hat or bicorn. That is howthis figure is dressed. To give him a touch of colourwe have kept his trousers of the Corps Guards.GARMENT BASE COLOUR 1st HIGHLIGHT 2nd HIGHLIGHTFrock Coat Flat Black (AC-26) Flat Black (AC-26) 1st Highlightand Bicorn + Neutral Grey (992) + White (951)Trousers Prussian Blue (AC-22) Grey Blue (943) Grey Blue (943)+ Grey Blue (943) + White (951)Shabraque Prussian Blue (AC-22) Prussian Blue (AC-22) 1st Highlight+ Medium Blue (963) + White (951)Gold Thread Wood (AC-41) Yellow Ochre (913) Burnished Gold (61-62)+ Dark Leather (AC-48)Author: El MercenarioPhotographs: Beatriz Planelles