Camoens - The Lyrics part 1 - Sir Richard Francis Burton (1821-1890)

20 LYRICKS OF CAMOENS.the germ may be found in the "Amo et odi" ofAnd, after all,Catullus.8 Arnaut Daniel (Arnaldo Danielle), of Ribeyrac, thefamous poet and musician, Troubadour and Joglar (jocularius}of the I2th century, from whom Dante borrowed the structureof sundry stanzas, and whom Petrarch ("Triumphs of Love,"Cap. IV.) entitles "Gran maestro d'amor." He died after averyaccidented life in A.D. 1189.9 Mandriale (Madriale, Madrigale, Madrigal) derives from,the Greek, Ital. and Span. Alandra or Mandria, a flock orfold. Antonio da Tempo (p. 139, edit. Guion) adds, "AMandra pecndum et pastorum, quia primo moclum ilium rithimandiet cantandi habuimus ab ovium pastoribus. Menage"quotes the French Mandre (sheepfold), and deduces it fromdvrpov, a cave I ; prefer to consider it a congener of the Arab.Mandarah (Manzar), a look-out place, adopted by the SicilianGreeks from their "Semitic" (Arabian) neighbours. Theoldest Madrigals were of two " kinds, Mandriales Communes "and " JMandriales cum retornelKs," i.e. caudati, cowee'd withsingle lines, or with couplets. Carducci (Studi Litterari) notesthat the Madrigal should conserve its old simplicity : " Uneco di beliti ci si aveva sempre a sentire, ma per benino, inguisa che assomigliasse a un sospiro dell' anima." ThePortuguese " Villancete " is the Spanish Villancico, a song of"Villeins," or peasants.10Rengifo (Juan Diaz), Professor of Grammar and Rhetoric,whose "Arte Poetica Espanola" (Salamanca, 1592, 4to),treats of the technique of the older Castilian composition andof the Italian innovations due to Boscan and Garcilasso. Forample details see Bouterwek (Eng. Trans, p. 103 seq.), andVol. III. p. 265, etc., "History of Spanish Literature," byGeorge Ticknor ; London, Trubner, 1863.11The Canzon was affected by Guide Guinicelli, theBolognese, who flourished in the early I3th century, beforeDante's day. Longfellow (Dante, II. 304, Tauchnitz edit.)quotes Rossetti's translation of his most famous production, aCanzon on the Nature of Love, which won high praise fromthe Author of the Commedia (Purg., XXVI. 90-100). Of his