EMERGENCY PETITION TO LIST THE PYGMY THREE-TOED SLOTH

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Bradypus pygmaeusCritically Endangered (CR B1ab(ii,iii))Photograph: Bryson VoirinCommon Names: Pygmy three-toed sloth (English),perezoso pigmeo (Spanish), preguiça anã (Portuguese).Assessment Rationale: B. pygmaeus is listed as CriticallyEndangered as this species has a very restricted range,being found only on one very small island less than5 km² in size, and there is likely a continuing declinein the quality of habitat and area of occupancy due tohabitat degradation.Taxonomic Note: B. pygmaeus has only recently beendescribed as a separate species (Anderson and Handley,2001).Geographic Range: B. pygmaeus is known only from IslaEscudo de Veraguas, in the islands of Bocas del Toro,Panama (Fig. 3). Sloths on the younger islands of theBocas del Toro archipelago are conspecific with Bradypusvariegatus (Anderson and Handley, 2001, 2002).Isla Escudo de Veraguas has an area of approximately4.3 km² and is about 17.6 km from the mainlandof Panama. Based on the area of red mangrove foreston Isla Escudo de Veraguas, the area of occupancy isestimated at 1.3 to 1.5 km 2 .Population: There is no information available on thepopulation status of B. pygmaeus. The population islikely to be relatively small and presumably consistsof less than 500 individuals.Habitats and Ecology: This smallest of all sloths hasonly been recorded in the red mangrove forests surroundingthe island, currently estimated at 1.3 to 1.5km². It has not been recorded from forest patcheswithin the island. As far as is known, it primarily, ifnot exclusively, feeds on mangrove leaves.Threats: Although the island is uninhabited, there areseasonal visitors (fishermen, lobster divers and localpeople) who are known to opportunistically hunt thesloths (B. Voirin, pers. comm., 2010). Preliminarystudies suggest a low level of genetic diversity amongpygmy sloths (Silva et al., 2010; N. Moraes-Barros,pers. comm., 2010), which could lead to endogamicdepression if the (already low) population sizedecreases any further.Conservation: B. pygmaeus is endemic to a single islandof Panama, which is protected as a wildlife refuge andis contained within the Comarca Indigenous Reserve.There is a need to improve the enforcement of thisprotected area, which currently receives little attentionfrom wildlife protection authorities. Conservationof the species could be improved through localawareness programs, specifically those promotingsloths as conservation flagship species.Assessors: Anderson, R., Moraes-Barros, N. and Voirin,B.Evaluators: Superina, M. and Abba, A.M.Edentata no. 11(2) 2010 117
Figure 3. Bradypus pygmaeus. Based on Anderson and Handley (2001); Gardner (2007); Aguiar and Fonseca (2008).118Edentata no. 11(2) 2010
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EMERGENCY PETITION TO LIST THEPYGMY
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NOTICE OF PETITIONAnimal Welfare In
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I. NATURAL HISTORY AND STATUS OF TH
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known to occur, is estimated to be
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3. Population Trend and Extinction
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An emergency ESA listing of the pyg
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If not immediately protected under
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very small island off the coast of
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LITERATURE CITEDAnderson RP and Han
Page 19 and 20: Evolution, 56(5), 2002, pp. 1045-10
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Page 29 and 30: DWARFISM IN INSULAR SLOTHS1055shoul
Page 31 and 32: DWARFISM IN INSULAR SLOTHS1057of th
Page 33 and 34: IB4/inPROCEEDINGS oi TilBTDLOGICALS
Page 35 and 36: MAT (J 200 j } ) PROCEEDINGS OF THE
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Page 44 and 45: variegatus.Creteiationsabbrevharact
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Page 65 and 66: 2013.1Login | FAQ | Contact | Terms
Page 67 and 68: The 2010 Sloth Red List AssessmentA
Page 69: 65Number of Species43210TaxonomyPop
Page 73 and 74: Park), among other areas, although
Page 75 and 76: Bradypus tridactylusLeast Concern (
Page 77 and 78: Bradypus variegatusLeast Concern (L
Page 79 and 80: Figure 6. Bradypus variegatus. Base
Page 81 and 82: Figure 7. Choloepus didactylus. Bas
Page 83 and 84: as well as in secondary forest, but
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elevant stakeholders. A serious con
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night amidst violent social unrest,
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How Did Dallas Aquarium Almost Get
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three-toed sloth becomes a CITES II
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Although Aviarios del Caribe claims
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Ms. Cliffe cite hunting pressure fr
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work being conducted by our interna
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EMERGENCY PETITION TO LIST THE PYGMY THREE-TOED SLOTH

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